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  • Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Stud

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    Dipti Bhanja
    15 visualizações16 páginas
    HVAC

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    Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Stud_

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    HVAC

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    15 visualizações16 páginas

    Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Stud

    Enviado por

    Dipti Bhanja
    HVAC

    Direitos autorais:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    de 16
    2192017 REFRIGERATION AND AR CONDITIONING stuty Maral lectring Notes assignmert reference wiki cescripton explanation brief cetall what ha, o + Y om (nepuaworeadoreterin)| ENGINEERING (hop ww readorretecnienuENGINEERING_T)| Regain an Ar Condtoning ‘Previous Page (tpn eadorefeniaillSobed-Problams-Ar-Comp rs $872) Next Page (htpitwwnscedotter arte Retigeraton $5749, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Bere 1830, fw Am eleans used ceo ratgeate foods due to a lack of ce-storehouses and aboxes. As these wo tings became mate widely valble incviduak used oxo and suo hve ie for ei sloronoues, w RTD {IES cnatacceesco INDITIONING REFRIGERATION AND AIR PREREQUISITE DISCUSSION Before 1830, few Am ericans used ice to reftigerate foods due toa lack of ice-storchouses and iceboxes, As these two things became more widely available, individuals used axes and saws to harvestt ice for their storehouses. This method proved to be difficult, dangerous, and certainly did not resemble anything that could be du plicated on a commercial scale. Despite the difficult es of harvesting iee, Frederic Tudor thought that he could capitalize on this new commo dity by harvesting ice in New England and shipping it to the Caribbean islands as well as the southern states. In the beginning, Tudor lost, thousands of dollars, but eventually tuned a profit as he constructed iechouses in Chale ston, Virginia and in the Cuban port town of Havana. These ieehouses as well as better insulated ships helped reduce ice wastage from 66% to 8%. This efficiency gain influen ced Tudor to expand his ice market to othe r towns with icehouses such as New Orleans a nd Savannah, ‘This ice market further expan ded as harvesting ice became faster and cheap er after one of Tudord€™s suppliers, Nathaniel Wyet, invented a horse-drawn ice cutter in 1825, This invention as well as Tudorde™s s uccess inspired others to get involved in the ice trade andthe ice industry grew. Tee became a mass-m arket commodity by the early 1830s with the price of ice dropping from six cents per pound to half ofa cent per pound, In New York City, ice consumption inereased from 12,000 tons in 1843 t0 100,000 tons in 1 856, Bostonie™s consumption leap from 6,00 0 tons fo 85,000 tons during that same period, Ice harvesting created a @@weooling eultured€ as majority of people used ice and iceboxes to store their dairy products, fish, mest, and ev en fruits and vegetables. These early cold storage practices paved the way for many Ame ticans to accept the reftigeation technology that would soon take over the county. CONCEPT CONCEPT OF REFRIGERATIO! sation is pro cess in which work is dane to move heat from one location to another. The work of heal trannsport ix traditionally driven by mechanical work, but ean also be driven by beat, magnetism , electricity, laser, or other means. hip readerre‘erivarclarRetigersion and-ir-Constioring 5873! 116 2192017 REFRIGERATION AND AR CONDITIONING stuty Maral lectring Notes assignmert reference wiki cescripton explanation brief cetall what ha, How does it work? —— a "Thermal energy moves from left to right through five loops of heat trans fer: 1) Indoor ait loop 2) Chilled water loop 3) Reftigerant loop 4) Condenser water loop 5) Cooling water loop SIGNIFICANCE Reftigeration has had a lange importance on industry, lifstyle, agriculture and setlement pattems. The idea of preserving food dates back to the ancien t Roman and Chinese empires. However, refrigeration technology has rapidly evolved in the ast century, from ice harvesting to temperatu der to avoid food spoilage, refrigeration plays a important roe in day to day lie, similarly, Air conditioning is also an important technological system to prevent the human from the hot atmosphere during tolled ral eats, In CLASSIFICATION OF REFRIGERATION SYSTEM ‘Types of Refrigeration 4€8. Vapour Compression Refigerton (VCR): uses mechanical energy ef Vapour Absorption Re figenstion (VAR): uss thermal energy Vapour Compression Refrigeration 464 ight compressed fu is tend to get coer when allowed to expand es tf pressure high enough €s Compressed ar hotter than source of coling eg Expanded gos cooler thn deste cold temperature ce Lot of heat canbe rm oved (ot of thermal energy to change liquid to vapour) 4€p Heat transfer rater mais igh temperate of working Mud ma ch lower than what is being cooted) ‘Vapour Compression Refrig eration Cycle hniptwwn.readoreterinvarclelRefrigeraiom and-Ar-Constioring £8731 26 2192017 REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING stuty Maral lectring Notes assignmert reference wiki cescripton explanation bret cetall what ha, Evaporator [Low pressure lguid re figerant in evaporator absorbs heat and changes toa gas ‘Compressor The superheated vapo ur enters the compressor wher its pressure is ase Condenser ‘The high pressure sup etheated gas i cooled ia several stages inthe co ndeaser Expansion Liguid passes through expansion device, which reduces its pressure an d controls the flow ito the evaporator ‘Type of refrigerant 3€¢ Refrigerant determine d by the required cooling temperature 3€¢ Chlorinated Muorocar ons (CFCS) oF froans: R-11, R12, R21, R22 and R-SO2 ‘Choice of compressor, design of condenser, evaporator determined by eg Refrigorant Gee Required cooling See Load 3€¢ Ease of maintenance S€¢ Physical space requirements 8€¢ Availability of utilities (water, power) Vapour Absorption Refrigeration Evaporator hip. readoreteinvarclelRefrgeraion and-Ar-Constioring £873! 316 2192017 REFRIGERATION AND AR CONDITIONING stuty Maral lectring Notes assignmert reference wiki cescripton explanation brief cetall what ha, = el Absorber AS a sid fe a —— ‘High pressure generator ag aT ee — Condenser Evaporative Cooling. €¢ Air in contact with water to coo! it close to &€-wet bulb teraperaturese™ A€g Advantage: efficient cooling at low cost A€¢ Disadvantage: aris ri eh in moisture COMPARISON BETWEEN VAPOR COMPRESSION AND A BSORPTION SYSTEM SGTaSRN CTE 9) No enect ot reaveng tm aa on|c)Perernance We eaveray atc hiptwwn.readorefeinvarclemRefrigeraion and-Ar-Constioring £873! ane 2192017 REFRIGERATION AND AR CONDITIONING stuty Maral lectring Notes assignmert reference wiki cescripton explanation brief cetall what ha, PERFORMANCE Assessment of Refrigeration A€¢ Cooling effect: ns of Refrigeration 1TR=3024 kCal for heat rejected eg TRis ussessed ast TR=Qxp—Cp xp—(Ti 8€* To) /3024 Q= mass flow rate of coolant in kg he Cp is coolant specific heat in kCal Akg A "c Ti inlet, temperature of colant to evaporator (chiller in 0A*C Specific Power Consumption (kW/TR) 6, Indicator of reftigeration systemie™s performance 3€¢ AW/TR of centralized chilled water system i sum of 3€¢ Compressor KW/TR 3€¢ Chilled water pump kW/TR S€¢ Condenser water pump KW/TR G€¢ Cooling tower fan KW/TR Coefficient of Performance (COP) 16¢ ‘The performance of refrigerators and heat pumps is expressed in terms of coefficient of performance (COP), defined as egy, = Ds opt _ Cain Ts, OF Riel inp Work a, con,

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