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Debora Gentina
Huawei - Senior Marketing Manager
ETSI ISG mWT WI#8 Rapporteur
4
Towards a Super-Connected World
6
Backhaul topology evolution Network topology change
Network densification
RAN sharing and operators consolidation
Fiber penetration from core to edge
>10km
10%
5-10km
20% 0-3km
46%
3-5km
24% Source : Huawei
New network topology drives backhaul to the higher part of the spectrum 7
Backhaul - MW & mmW Frequency Bands Use in EU
99.9% 10.2h
Supplement
Around 500 Mbit/s with for Data Provided by E-band
highest availability 99.9% 99.9%
Data
99.975% 2.2h
Golden Layer Sum of IP MW & E-Band
Reliability / Down Time Per year Note: the link works as a single fat pipe
9
mmW Spectrum
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300
6L/6U7/8 11131518 2326 28 32 38 40 - 43 52 55 57 - 64 71GHz - 86GHz 92 GHz 114.5 GHz 130 GHz 174.5 GHz 191.8 GHz 275 GHz
mmW already available : V-band & E-band New mmW Spectrum coming: D-band & W-band
60 70 80
Frequency Bands
92-94
W
94.1-95
57 66 GHz 71 86 GHz
95-100
102-109.5
111.8-114.25 Very high capacity BH (nx10Gbps)
122,25 - 123 Front-haul
130-134
Next.... Is WiGig going outdoor? Fixed Wireless Access
D
141-148.5
151.5-164
10
V-band and the WiGig potential
V-band applications perspective might be less favorable to FS BH if Wigig goes outdoor:
Small-cell BH architecture didnt really take-off
WiGig outdoor is already supported by FCC regulations in US and also under discussion in ECC
Dedicated ETSI ISG mWT Work Item #8 for W & D-band Application & Use cases
Dedicated CEPT ECC SE19 Work Items #37 and #38 for W & D-band Spectrum channellization
WI on harmonized standard to be open in ETSI TM4 for W & D-band Equipment
12
ETSI ISG mWT WI#8: D-band for 4.5G and 5G
Very high capacity leveraging on wide bandwidth H2O
with more than 30 GHz of spectrum available
Backhaul and Front-haul of 4.5G and 5G
O2
O2
Rain attenuation of D-band is around 2 dB larger than E-band and almost flat
QPSK
BW=750 MHz
Capacity: 1Gbps error free
D-band Prototype
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to first Huawei D-band Outdoor Link @ Polimi
15
Conclusions
New abundant spectrum in mm-wave pushes to focus investments
The allocation of spectrum for 5G must consider the needs of the operators for backhaul,
current (3G & 4G) and future (5G) from rural to dense urban
The allocation of spectrum for 5G cannot be separated by the allocation of sufficient and
suitable spectrum to deploy the backhaul network
Spectrum usage and appropriate channelization & regulations of D-band are envisaged to
facilitate the deployment of high capacity backhaul systems
Peter Curnow-Ford, Chair Cluster 2 + CEO Viatec Associates bit.ly/UK_SPF | @UK_SPF | #UKSPF
mmWave Equipment, antenna trends and challenges of opening up higher bands
Topics
Historically
Old SDH, ATM, E1 and STM equipment
Very reliable
Cost effective equipment
Expensive license fees
Mainly PtP
Plumbing
7GHz, 13GHz, 15GHz, 23/24GHz, 28GHz, 32GHz, 38GHz, 40GHz
Many bands now at capacity
In-efficient Class 2 Antenna, need Class 3 and 4 upgrade
Many at end of life
Large percentage non-IP
Mostly narrow band
Access (60GHz)
WiGig , indoor, large BW, <5Gbps, 10m range
CEPT notes a lack of interest above 66GHz for 5G
Backhaul (eg 60GHz and 70/80GHz, poss 143GHz)
Macro cell 2Gbps/site, <5km, <1ms, PtP LoS, auto alignment
Small cell 1Gbps/site, <500m, <1ms, PtP/PmP/LoS/NLoS, auto
alignment
Fronthaul (90GHz and 143GHz)
Macro cell 20 to 60Gbps/site, <100uS, auto alignment
Small cell 2 to 10Gbps, <100uS, auto alignment
Fixed Wireless Access (60GHz, 5G, >90GHz)
60GHz, WttH (1-10Gbps, <300m), WttC (10-40Gbps, 1 to 3km), urban,
suburban, clustered rural, PtP/PmP, LoS/NLoS
90GHz, Fixed Wireless, Enterprise and WttC
60GHz
70/80GHz
W-Band
A lot of work in and around radar but little else
D-band
Huawei, Nov 16 first D-Band outdoor link test, 340m, 148GHz/156GHz
Ericsson, trial at 143Ghz with 40Gbps throughput
Ceragon, show range of 500m with same antenna size and system
gain as E-Band wider channels in W and D bands > longer range or
higher bandwidth
Antenna developments
Auto alignment to reduce cost of installation and setup
Dynamic alignment to maintain high order modulation, redundancy
Pt to pt and pt to mpt
Technology
Electronically steered higher losses, costs, medium efficient
Mechanically steered efficient, low loss, low cost unless high gain
Elect/mech steered compromise to offset above
MIMO, Massive MIMO, phased arrays
Gain >30dBi to create small beams, less interference, range < 400m
WiGig 60GHz integrated antenna arrays size constrained by IC
range <10m yet low cost, high volume
ETSI ISG mWT #9 - beamsteering
Chips!
Silicon
SiGe
Proven but expensive, 7+ years of m/f
SiGe BiCMOS
Good integration, low cost, up to 175GHz
RF-CMOS
Low cost, >5 years, integration, low power, high volume needed
GaAs
Expensive, low-med volumes, linear, power efficiency, up to 160GHz
FD SOI
High integration, low power, high wafer cost
GaN
High power, high frequency
InP
Challenges
>50GHz need new construction techniques
No connectors, PCBs or just chips, compact, design tools
Power amplifiers, Beamformers, packaging, heat
60GHz and above interference in dense urban backhaul
deployment, between outdoor WiGig and backhaul
60GHz regulations, US FCC +ve, EU CEPT/ETSI ve, 10:1 cost
advantage on links with FCC rules with no fixed gain limits
Costs
mmWave is not low cost
How to get to volume new packaging
Energy
High data rates = power
Chips
10Gbps modem needs 2 TeraOP/s processing for baseband, support
1m+ packets/s for 5Gbps today
Jonas Edstam
Future use of spectrum for microwave backhaul
Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 29
Frequency bands and atmospheric attenuation beyond 100GHz
Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 30
Realistic capacity versus channel bandwidth
Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 31
Maximum hop length versus total system gain at 155GHz
Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 32
D band transceiver module
Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 33
Measured bit error rate at 143GHz versus received signal power
Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 34
D band radio prototype & visionary design
Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 35
Reaching beyond 100GHz