Cardiovascular Disease

in Canada

By: Austin Ho
What is Cardiovascular Disease?
Disease affecting the heart and blood vessels
Covers a range of diseases including:
Heart Failure
Heart Attacks
Stroke
Congenital Heart Disease
Aneurysms
Many risk factors including
High Blood Pressure
Smoking
Lack of exercise
Obesity
Canada vs. USA
CVD Death Comparison
Steadily decreasing worldwide
This means that health care and
prevention techniques are working
Canada is one of the Healthier
countries of the world, lower than most
countries

Source: http://www.conferenceboard.ca/hcp/provincial/health/heart.aspx
Canadian CVD
Strong negative correlation
Average decrease of
approximately 9 deaths/year
Analyze risk factors and
treatments to determine
cause
 Canada CVD Breakdown

Source: http://www.conferenceboard.ca/hcp/provincial/health/heart.aspx
Heart Disease Prevalence
Age is a very large
contributing factor
Exponential Growth
Gender is also a big factor
Men are more likely to
have cardiovascular
disease than women
Costs of CVD
$22.236 Billion each year
Indirect costs far outway
the direct costs
Cost for men was higher
than women
Different age groups
contributed to costs
differently
Smoking and Heart Disease
Percentage of smokers declining
over the years
Strong negative correlation
Seems to relate to mortality
Hypertension/High Blood Pressure
Number 1 risk for stroke
Elevated blood pressure
Higher risk with age
Hypertension Contd
Percentage of people with
hypertension is increasing
Strong positive correlation
Conflicts with data for
mortality due to CVD
Diabetes
Important factor in CVD and risks
Values may actually be higher due
to undiagnosed cases
INTERHEART study found that if
diabetes was eliminated, rate of
heart attacks would decrease
Conflicts with mortality due to
CVD
Recap
Smoking trends provide
positive support
Hypertension and diabetes
provide negative support
Question of why mortality of
CVD is decreasing remains
Pacemakers
Small electrical implanted
device
Prevents heart failure
Increase in number of
implantations over the years
Contributes to decreasing
mortality

Source:
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/2009/cvd-avc/pdf/cvd-avs-2009-eng.pdf
Coronary Bypass Surgery
Uses artery/vein from another
location to bypass blocked route
Age increases need for bypass
Males receive more surgeries
than women
Coronary Bypass Surgery Contd
Shows that number of surgeries
increases over the years
Supports decreasing mortality of
CVD
Men receive triple the amount of
surgeries than women

Source: http://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/H1-10-2003E.pdf
Coronary Angioplasties
Opens a blocked blood vessel
Strong positive correlations
Supports decrease in mortality by
CVD
Conclusion
Cardiovascular disease is one of the
leading causes of death
There has been a decline in mortality in
recent years
Age and gender play a big role
Costs billions of dollars each year
New technology and treatments help
reduce mortality of CVD
Video
Work Cited
http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/2009/cvd-avc/pdf/cvd-avs-2009-eng.pdf
http://www.conferenceboard.ca/hcp/provincial/health/heart.aspx
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/leading-causes-of-death.htm
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/cst01/hlth36a-eng.htm
http://healthycanadians.gc.ca/diseases-conditions-maladies-affections/disease-
maladie/heart-disease-eng.php
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-625-x/2015001/article/14190-eng.htm
http://cbpp-pcpe.phac-aspc.gc.ca/chronic-diseases/cardiovascular-diseases/
http://publications.gc.ca/collections/Collection/H1-10-2003E.pdf