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200
Test with small footings
(DeBeer [25])
100
30
TheoryVesic
Eq. (2.74)
10
5
25 30 35 40 45
Soil friction angle, (deg)
Figure 2.19 Comparison of Ng obtained from tests with small footings and large footings
(area = 1 m2) on sand.
800
Rectangular plate
( = 16.42 kN/m3)
600
Circular plate
( = 15.09 kN/m3)
N
400
Square plate
( = 16.68 kN/m3)
Square plate
200 ( = 16.16 kN/m3)
Square plate
Square plate ( = 17.54 kN/m3)
( = 14.57 kN/m3)
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
B (kN/m2)
Unit weight =
d
Ground water table
Df
Eective unit weight =
Case I: d = 0
For d = 0, the term q = gDf associated with Nq should be changed to q = gDf (g =
effective unit weight of soil). Also, the term g associated with Ng should be changed
to g.
Case III: Df d Df + B
This condition is one in which the groundwater table is located at or below the bot-
tom of the foundation. In such case, q = gDf and the last term g should be replaced
by an average effective unit weight of soil , or
d - Df (2.81)
=+ ( - )
B