Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
The main feature of our project are reservation of ticket from Ludhiana general
to different destination. Here the facility of ticket from more than six month of the
commencement of the journey. Tickets are reserved only for the express service of The
Raj Transport Co-op. Society Ltd. .The special feature of this project is to
distinguished the fare of the express service from the ordinary service of that route. This
project also shows that the timing and the date of that particular bus service. This project
also show uniqueness of each Employee and bus with their id no .There is also service to
book the luggage from one destination to another destination with fixed charges.
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Existing System
The high level requirements for the institution information system include the
followings
Store, maintain and retrieve information about the Staff and Passengers.
Prepare the report for each record and department of the Organization.
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Drawbacks of Existing System
The manual system of data processing used in the Organization has large number of
drawbacks.
There is lot of time wastage in knowing the current status of all the Passengers and
There is lot of time wastage in operational processing and also the pressure on the
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Proposed System
The operator in this system feels himself to be more comfortable as the operation
is performed quickly and efficiently whenever the operator clicks any option .due to the
multimedia effects, the operator interacts with the system with more convenience .
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Requirement For a Computer Project
For the successful working and completion of this project for Bus Reservation
System we have used softwares for some graphical representation so that project looks
attractive much better than the existing. We have used MS ACCESS and VISUAL
BASIC 6.0 as software to eliminate all the drawbacks of the existing system and to meet
all the user requirements and standards. We make project as I future we are able to make
changes and save. If we want to save changes in our project click then message appear
which indicates changes has been saved. In the same manner we have used red light
button and blinking cross icon in place of cancel button. When we click on these buttons
it will indicate that action is being cancelled. We have used Seventeen forms, one module
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Hardware Specifications: -
Software Specifications: -
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Operating System: -
For this project we used windows operating system i.e. windows XP because no.
of the qualities it has. Some of the qualities of this operating system are:
It contains 32 bits codes, which has better compatibility with Intel 80386, 80486 &
Pentium processor.
It has the facility to set up the computers for use by different people.
Because of these built in qualities an absolute compatibility with visual basic the choice
for the operating system was windows xp also it is much easier and convenient to work in
a windows environment as it provides a very simplified and graphical i.e. GUI based
interface.
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INTRODUCTION TO DBMS
A DBMS is a general-purpose set of programs that aid and control each users
access to data base, modifying and retrieving data and includes facilities for giving data
between the physical storage and the logical presentation of data. It provides a set of
flexible and sophisticated tools for handling information along with other benefits such
as:
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MICROSOFT ACCESS 2003(Back end tool)
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FEATURE OF MICROSOFT ACCESS
However, only forms, reports, macros and modules are stored in the ADP file.
COMPONENTS OF ACCESS
1. Database window
2. Database and Tables
3. Forms
4. Queries
5. Reports
6. Macros
easy way to write programs for windows .Simply, because it gives us maximum control
over your computer. Programs can automate our work, preventing mistakes and making
us more productive. Writing programs can be complex, but fortunately Visual Basic is
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FEATURE OF VASUAL BASIC
language supporting database is preferred. Out of the language, which support database
Access provides graphical interface as it is window based and is very easy to use.
Navigation between the forms and the reports is made is by the use of menus and push
buttons.
constraints is easy.
Forms of visual basic can be used for designing data entry screens. Using reports of
visual basic we can generate reports on daily bases or on data feed between specific
dates.
The major advantage of using Access/VB is that it provides security. Legal users
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System Development Life Cycle
1. Recognition of Need
2. Feasibility Study
3. System Analysis
4. System Design
5. Development
6. Implementation
7. Maintenance
1. Recognition of Need: -
The existing system for the Bus Reservation System is totally managed by
manpower. No doubt that the working of the system is going on smoothly but there are
lot many limitations due to which lots of problems have been faced. Some of the
problems that we come to know with the existing system are written below:-
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Since all work is done manually so it is very difficult to manage all its resources
properly and efficiently .Each and every information about Passenger or employee is
recorded manually, which is a very time consuming task. Thus there is a need of
In existing system all records about each and every person whether it is a
very difficults to find the required information from the records because we have to go
through all the existing records. For adding new record whole information is written
manually.
Because all the data was entered manually, so it is possible that same Ticket
number or employee code is allotted to more than one pessenger or employ which create
problems.
Because every work is done manually, there was extra staff required which was resulting
in increased overheads.
Wastage of time because more time is taken to achieve the target, like more time
is needed to make receipts and storing the data into the registers.
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(f) Loss of Accuracy: -
Because all calculations was done manually, so sometime they may get wrong
existing system.
mentioned limitations. All these drawbacks are overcome by the proposed system
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Feasibility Study
important role to deal with management of the organization. Computers are there in each
phase of our life to help us out from traditional work. Computers provide very accurate
and very speedy information. So, it has dominated field of our life. This software is
.g .Booking of Tickets, managing bus and seat details and employee details.
Bus is a primary need of todays world for a simple man. The department of organization
has been computerized, as this department has to perform every year bulk amount of data
and calculations related to the information. This problem requires large amount of time
and efforts. The time taken in dealing with the problem is quiet large. By computerizing
the system not only many hours be saved, but also computerizing this system can
generate some useful reports of analytical nature too. So, by computerizing the system we
(a) Organization: -
Organization implies the structure and order. It is the arrangement of components that
(b) Interaction: -
Interaction refers to the manner in which each component function with the other
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(c) Interdependence: -
It means that part of system depends on another part. Output of one sub system is
(d) Integration: -
Integration refers to the holism of the system. Successful integration will typically
produce a synergetic effect and greater the total impact than if component work
independently.
Objective may be real or static although the static objective may be the real objective , it
is not uncommon for an organization to state one objective and operate to achieve another
objective. The important point is that user must know the central objective. A major
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Categories of Feasibility system
Proposed system changes leading a feasibility study fall into one of the three
categories: -
When the present system has some discrepancies, which can be removed by some
alterations, fall under this category. Like here we introduced a computerized solution to
calculate a fine.
discrepancies which results in performance degradation and the system is causing big loss
of money and the time, then sometimes it is desirable to replace the older system with a
completely new system. The problem here deals with the issuing the ticket for a
particular bus that is related to some particular route are replacing the existing system by
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Other Feasibilitys of the proposed system are
Social Feasibilitys: -
The reactions of the users to the proposed system are mostly favorable. The
problem made the concerned people to perceive the new system as beneficial one.
Technical feasibilitys: -
technically feasible for the system to be implemented. The required hardware software
Economic Feasibilitys: -
The organization already has the idea of development of the information system
in its priorities. The cost, which will be incurred in the development, gets cleared.
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System Analysis
System analysis is the detailed study of an existing system for the purpose of the
designing of a new or improved system. With the planning complete and the control
mechanism in place, the project team turns to the analysis of the existing system .One
aspect of designing is the defining of the boundaries of the system and determining
whether or not the candidate system should consider other related systems. During
analysis data are collected on the available files, decision points and the transactions
handled by the present system. Some logical system models and tools that are used in the
analysis are data flow diagrams, interviews, onsite observation and questionnaires .The
interview is commonly used analysis .During the analysis phase , the system analyst
continues then to gather information. Training experience and common sense are
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System Study
components, which are linked together according to a plan to achieve a specific objective.
The idea of system has become practical and necessary in conceptualizing the
the system is the way of thinking of organization and their problems. It involves set of
techniques that help in solving any problem. A system has many elements, these are:
output /input processor(s), control, feedback, boundaries and interface. System takes the
input to the outside and gives the output to the outside. So practically system is an open
system that interacts with the environment. In the present study, the system is an
integrated collection of programs and data files as the unit. The combination of all these
programs and database make the system. System study involves the investigation of all
the programs to be solved, as in our system study in the Bus Reservation System,
transaction relating to the database handling the main problem investigated. A system
study involves overall flow and manipulation of the data as in our system data flows from
Our project Bus Reservation System is based on handling all the transaction
relating to the organization. We gathered a lot of information by asking the staff to meet
What are the different transactions that the employees have to deal with?
What are the different reports generated and how are they prepared?
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System Design
Overview:-
It is the most creative and challenging phase. System design specifies how the
system will accomplish the objectives. The term design describes a final system and
which develops it. The design represents the major characteristics of a final system and
determines the upper bound in quality for the system. System design emphasizes on two
aspects of a system:
two steps :-
1. Logical Design:-
This step describes the feature, inputs, outputs, tables, databases and
procedure to meet the project requirement .This gives the detailed specification for
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2. Physical Design:-
This step involves the production of software. Programs are return to accept
user input, process data, produce reports and stores data in database. It maps out
the detail of physical system, plans the system implementation and specifies any
Design Goals
inputs, options and provides the user with required outputs. After some give-and-
take, the design goal suggests that the system have the following features :-
the action.
1. Data Gathering
i. Input Design
3. Program writing
Input Design:
Input design specifies how data are accepted for processing. This involves:-
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What medium to use.
Methods for performing input validation and steps to follow when error occurs.
Output Design:
For many End users, output is the main reason for developing the system
and the basis on which they will evaluate the usefulness of the application . Output
design involves:-
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Control Design:
there may occur errors, which could result in proper use of system .Control
Database Design:
The collection of data usually referred to as the database. The database contains
information about the particulars of the enterprise. Data involves the definitions of
structures for the storage of information and the provision of mechanism for the
manipulation of information. In addition, to the database system must provide for the
unauthorized access.
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President
Secretary
Accountant
Booking clerk
Driver
Conductor Servants cclerkCler
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MAIN DFD
PASSENGERS MANAGEMENT
BOOKING
FORM
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
REPORTS
BUS
RESERVATION
SYSTEM
PARTICULARS
BOOKING PROCESS
LUGGAGE BOOK
WORKERS SALARY
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TICKET BOOKING DFD
PASSENGERS
TICKET BOOKING
RECIEPT BOOKING
ALLOTMENT PROCESS
OF
SEAT NUMBER
SEAT NUMBER
BOOKING
ROUTE LIST
STATION
PROCESS
CHARGES
LIST
MANAGEMENT
CHARGES PROCESS
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LUGGAGE BOOKING DFD
SENDER
LUGGAGE BOOKING
RECIEPT
BOOKING
PROCESS
ROUTE LIST
LUGGAGE
BOOKING
CHARGES LIST
STATION
PROCESS
MANAGEMENT
CHARGES PROCESS
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EMPLOYEE , BUS AND ROUTE RELATIONSHIP
DEPARTMENT
SALARY
ADDR
COMMISSION
EMP NAME
HIRE DATE
EMPTAB
EMP ID
EMPTAB
BUS
ROUTE ID RELATIO
N
DEP. TIME
CONDUCTOR
ID
INSURANCE NO
DRIVER ID
INS. AMT
BUS
TOTAL INS.COMP.
SEATS
VALID TO DATE
BUS NO
ROUTE
BUS
RELATIO
N
ROUTE
SUBROUT
TICKE E TICKE
TROU T
TE SUBR RID
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LUGGAGE , BUS,ROUTE RELATIONSHIP
INS.COMP.
TOTAL BUS
SEATS
VALID TO DATE
BUS NO
RID R
LUGGAGE ADDRESS
BUS
DEP
RELATION
TIME BOOKING
S
DATE
SENDER
NAME LUGGAGE
TYPE
R TO RFROM
CHARGE
S WEIGHT
LUGGAGE
RECIVER NAME SENDER
BOOKING PHONE
BUSNO
TOUR
DATE
BOOK
NO R
PHONE
ROUTE
SUBROUT
TICKE E TICKE
TROU T
TE SUBR RID
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1.TABLE NAME:- PASSWORD
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2. TABLE NAME: - TICKETBOOKING
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3.TABLE NAME:- LUGGAGE BOOKING
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4.TABLE NAME :- BUS
Column Name Data Type Size Description
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5.Table name : EMPTAB
Column Name Data Type Size Description
EMPID NUMBER 2 Employee id Number
EMPNAME TEXT 20 Employee Name
ADDR TEXT 30 Employees Address
SAL NUMBER 7,2 Employees Salary
DPT TEXT 15 Department of working
HDATE DATE 12 Hire date of Employee
COMM NUMBER 5,2 Commission
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6.Table name:- Route
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SUBROUTE
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System Testing
Testing can be defined as major quality control measure used during software
development. Its basic function is to detect errors in the software. A newly designed
system should have all the pieces in working order, but in reality each piece works
independently. The purpose of the system testing is to consider all the likely variations
to it will be subjected and then push the system to its limits. After the successful
designing of the system applications, the system analyst should plan to test the
meaning of testing .
Testing is the primary control standard for the software development. Testing is a
task of executing the program with finding errors. No block of code is entirely ready
unless it has been fully tested .Hence, this phase is very vital in the development of the
the success of the system .Testing makes the reasonable assumption that if all the
modules of the system are correct and fine and the aim of the system development is
achieved . Testing makes the software readable without fault . This improves user
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Unit Testing:
exercise the different parts of the module code to detect coding errors .It concentrates on
each unit or module of the software as implemented in source code. After this the
modules are gradually integrated ,which are integrated to eventually form the entire
system .
Integrated Testing:
interconnection between modules .It mainly focuses on the design and the construction
of the software architecture . Integrated testing address the issues associated with the dual
Validation Testing:
Validation criteria must be tested. It provides final assurance that software meets
System Testing:
After the system is put together, system testing is performed .System testing is the
testing where the software and other system elements are tested as hole. Here the system
is tested against the system requirements to see if all the requirements are met and if the
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System Implementation
A crucial phase in the system life cycle is a successful implementation of the new
system defined and the analyst must be sure that the new design is implemented to
establish the standards. It is the fulfillment of carrying out of the design specifications to
put a new information system into operation. There are two system implementation
phases, the construction of new information system and delivery of new information
system.
In these two phases we make a detailed study of the purpose and objectives,
specific tasks and activities that are to be performed and important skills that are to be
mastered. This part of system development life cycle is important because it makes one
understand the close working relationship between system analyst and the computer
programmer. This involves creating computer compatible files, training the operation
staff and installing hardware, terminals and telecommunication networks before the
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CONSTRUCTION OF NEW INFORMATION SYSTEM
information system from the design specifications prepared during design phase. To
achieve the completion of the construction phase we must accomplish the following
objectives:
This is the last development phase in life cycle. From definition and selection
phase we know what parts of the new system are manual and what are computerized.
From design phase, we know all the inputs, outputs and procedures that are implemented
and from construction phase, we will eventually have working hardware and software to
support new system. Now we most put new system into operation. The main purpose of
delivery phase is to smoothly convert from the old system to new system. To achieve this
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In this phase we perform the following tasks:
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USER TRAINING
An analysis of user training focuses on two factors: user capabilities and the nature of
system being installed users range from the nave to the highly sophisticated.
Developmental research provides interesting insights into how nave computer users
think about their first exposure to a new system. They approach it as concrete learners,
learning how to use the system which abstract principals determine which function. The
distinction between concrete and formal learning says much about what one can expect
from trainees in general.
Tasks that require the user to follow a well defined, concrete, step-by-step procedure
require limited problems. This means that the training level and duration are basic end
brief. Requiring a trainee to analyze a given situation and translate it into a procedure for
computer manipulation requires formal trainee for relatively long time. Training has to be
geared to the specific user based on system complexity.
TRAINING AIDS :-
There are several training aids available:
1. User Manual :-
Traditionally, the user manual is prepared reflectively because it is an item that much
accompanies every system. Yet, there are items when a user manual is discretionary. The
important point is that the manual should be prepared only if it will serve the user.
Probably the best reasons for preparing a user manual is on the recommendations of the
resident expert. If it will be used, the manual should be written despite cost.
1.Data Dictionary:-
Data dictionary is the separate place for describing the data elements. It is more an
electronic one-page sheet available to the user to assure that functions are interpreted
and executed properly.
2.Jobs Aids:
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A job aids communicates essential information about certain jobs. It takes a number of
forms, for example:
a) Color printing in forms to the accentuate headings.
b) Color to identify the pieces of hardware, cables etc.
c) Wall charts to illustrate schematic of processing run.
d) Flowcharts to guide the user in detecting and handling the errors, restarting the
system, etc.
It can be seen then that training aids help to communicate the vital information about the
new system to make these aids about the new system.
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Loginform
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Mdi form
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Ticket Booking Form
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Ticket Cancel Form
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Luggage Booking Form
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Luggage Cancel Form
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Bus Add Form
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Route Add/Delete Form
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Route Delete Form
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Employee Detail Form
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Form For Searching Bus
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Login Form
Dim b As ADODB.Recordset
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MDI Form
Dim b As ADODB.Recordset
Private Sub BAdd_Click()
AddBus.Show
End Sub
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MsgBox "Luggages Cancelled"
Else
MsgBox "Record not found"
End If
ff:
b.Close
End Sub
End Sub
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Ticket Booking Form
Dim b As ADODB.Recordset
Dim c As ADODB.Recordset
End Sub
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sn = ""
fare = ""
dt = ""
bus = ""
mno = ""
End Sub
End Sub
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Set c = New Recordset
c.CursorLocation = adUseClient
b.Open "SELECT * FROM route", M.con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
While Not b.EOF
Combo1.AddItem b(2)
b.MoveNext
Wend
b.Close
bd = Format(Date, "dd/mmm/yyyy")
b.Open "SELECT * FROM Booking where bookingdate=#" & bd & "# order by ticketno desc", M.con,
adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
If b.BOF Then
tno = 1
Else
tno = b.Fields("Ticketno") + 1
End If
Me.Width = 7320
Me.Height = 6150
End Sub
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Ticket Cancel Form
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Luggage Booking Form
Dim b As ADODB.Recordset
Dim c As ADODB.Recordset
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Private Sub Form_Load()
Set b = New Recordset
Set c = New Recordset
b.Open "select * from route", M.con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
While Not b.EOF
Combo1.AddItem b(2)
b.MoveNext
Wend
b.Close
bd = Format(Date, "dd/mmm/yyyy")
b.Open "select * from luggage order by bookingno desc", M.con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
If b.BOF Or b.EOF Then
bookn = 1
Else
bookn = b(3) + 1
End If
Me.Width = 7305
Me.Height = 8340
End Sub
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Luggage Booking Cancel Form
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Bus Add Form
Dim b As ADODB.Recordset
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b.Update
MsgBox "Record Is Update", vbOKOnly + vbExclamation, "updation"
t1 = ""
t2 = ""
t3 = ""
t4 = ""
t5 = ""
T6 = ""
T7 = ""
Combo1 = ""
Combo2 = ""
Combo3 = ""
End Sub
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b.MoveNext
Wend
b.Close
b.Open "SELECT * FROM route", M.con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
While Not b.EOF
Combo3.AddItem b(2)
b.MoveNext
Wend
b.Close
b.Open "SELECT * FROM Bus", M.con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
Me.Height = 6300
Me.Width = 7395
End Sub
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Route Add Form
Dim b As ADODB.Recordset
Private Sub Cmd_add_Click()
If Not IsNumeric(t1) Then
MsgBox "Enter Only Numeric Values", vbOKOnly + vbCritical
t1.SetFocus
Exit Sub
End If
If alpha(Combo1) = False Then
MsgBox "Enter Only Cherecter Values", vbOKOnly + vbCritical
Combo1.SetFocus
Exit Sub
End If
If alpha(Combo2) = False Then
MsgBox "Enter Only Cherecter Values", vbOKOnly + vbCritical
Combo2.SetFocus
Exit Sub
End If
If Not IsNumeric(t2) Then
MsgBox "Enter Only Numeric Values", vbOKOnly + vbCritical
Combo2.SetFocus
Exit Sub
End If
b.AddNew
b(0) = t1
b(1) = Combo1
b(2) = Combo2
b(3) = t2
b.Update
MsgBox "Record Is Update"
t1 = ""
Combo1 = ""
Combo2 = ""
t2 = ""
End Sub
Private Sub cmd_exit_Click()
Unload Me
End Sub
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Private Sub Form_Load()
Set b = New Recordset
b.Open "SELECT * FROM station", M.con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
While Not b.EOF
Combo2.AddItem b(1)
b.MoveNext
Wend
b.Close
b.Open "SELECT max(id) FROM Route", M.con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
t1 = b(0) + 1
b.Close
b.Open "select * from Route", M.con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
End Sub
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Employee Delete/Update Form
Dim b As ADODB.Recordset
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Private Sub cmd_pre_Click()
b.MovePrevious
view
End Sub
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Private Sub Command3_Click()
If MsgBox("Are You Sure To Delete Record", vbYesNo + vbCritical, "Deletion") = vbYes Then
b.Delete
MsgBox "Record Is Delete"
cmd_pree_Click
End If
End Sub
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Searching by Bus Number Form
Dim b As ADODB.Recordset
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b.Open "SELECT * FROM bus ", M.con, adOpenDynamic, adLockOptimistic
Me.Width = 7305
Me.Height = 6330
End Sub
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Module (M.bas)
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User manual is a complete guide for the user to use the software. It includes
installation of the software and techniques of how to use the software. The user
manual should be simple to able the user to access the software very easily.
The contents of the user manual are:
1. Loading
The tools used are MS Access and visual basic. So we need to loads MS Access and
2. Software loading
3. LOGIN
Type the correct user name and password required to run the project. If we give invalid
username, it will display a message Username incorrect and password it will display a
message Password incorrect otherwise it will accept the correct password and run the
project.
4. Main menu
1. File Maintains
2. Booking
3. Luggage
4. Reports
5. Exit
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a. Ticket Booking form---
This form contains details of the passenger like ticket number, Passenger name, route
name, Station name where he want to go, rate of ticket , date of journey etc information .
This form contains details of the Sender,Reciever and about luggage like book number,
Sender name, Receiver name,.Reciver Address, Station name where he want to go,
c. Employee Form
This option opens up staff list form which contains complete list of Staff in the
organization.
This form contains details of the staff member in the organization like emp id , name,
This form contain the information about all the buses in the organization. This
information detail information about all buses in the organization like which bus of
particular number will goon of which particular route. And who are the driver and
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Conclusion
This project has been developed during the project work of B.C.A. final (Bachelor
of Computer Applications) at L.L.R..I.E.T. Moga.. This project is completely menu driven
and entirely user friendly and can be operated even by a computer novice with ease. The
input formats are self explanatory and have been designed in such a manner that the user
will take least trouble in inputting the information. Various validation checks have also
been provided through out the system. As far as the matter of security is concerned, the
system is full-proof. Facility is provided in such a way that no user can have the access to
the information of the other user.
The system is flexible enough for the further modification whenever desired. The
changes can always be incorporated in any module without affecting the whole system.
Similarly, any enhancement can be done by adding any module at any stage.
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Because of lack of time this software is made for booking the seats as well as
luggage from Ludhiana only. So thats why the starting station is one where as there are
different destinations. It is also possible after the little modification this software is used
for booking of all types of reservations from one station to another station.
2. There will be no need of big files for storing information about various entities.
department.
4. User can easily use the software even if he/she dont know about visual basic by
5. Reports are special feature of this software. The reports are useful for the
presentation of data.
6. By using this software updating /deletion/saving/of records is quiet easy for the
user.4
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1. VB in 21 Days
2. System Analysis and Design
3. www.projectdeveloper.co
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