authority court govern Judge

law enforcement agency lawyers legal action legal system

legislation Rule the judiciary tribunal

Gasiti definitia pentru fiecare termen:

1. A body that is appointed to make a judgement or inquiry. tribunal
2. A country's body of judges the
judiciary
3. An act or acts passed by a law-making body legislation
4. Legal proceedings legal action
5. An official body that has authority to try criminals,
resolve disputes, or make other legal decisions court
6. An organization responsible for enforcing the law,
especially the police law
enforcement agency
7. A senior official in a court law Judge
8. The body or system of rules recognized by a community that are
enforceable by established process Rule
9. The control resulting from following a community's system
of rules authority
10. Members of the legal profession lawyer
11. To rule a society and control the behavior of its members govern
12. Behavior recognized by a community as binding or enforceable by authority
legal system

I. Completati spatiile libere cu cuvintele corespunzatoare:

assent, Constitution, repealing, branches, duration, executive, that is, altering, convoke, prorogue,
power, law, sanctioned, retires, both, but, earlier, held, elections, constituency.

1. The British Constitution consists of two great branches, the legislative power and the executive
power.
2. The legislative power, that is the power of making, altering or repealing the laws, belongs to
Parliament.
3. The Queen alone can convoke Parliament or prorogue, or dissolve it.
4. The full duration of Parliament is seven years.
5. No bill can become law until it has been sanctioned or read three times by both Houses and has
received the royal assent.
6. General elections are held every five years, but the Prime Minister may call one earlier, and if a
MP dies or retires a by-election is held in her or his constituency.

II. Completati spatiile libere cu adverbele potrivite:

annually - mainly - impartially - dangerously - usually- fluently - carefully.
1. He was fined because he was driving dangerously.
2. You must cross the road carefully.
3. He speaks English fluently
4. An arrested person will usually be granted bail if he cannot be brought before the court within
a day.
5. The Mamaia festival is held annually.
6. Criminal law is mainly concerned with wrongs against the community as a whole.
7. Judges must act impartially.

V. Traduceti in limba romn urmtorul text:

"Laws can be seen as a type of rule which is meant to govern behavior between people.
Law, the body of official rules and regulations, generally found in constitutions and legislation, is
used to govern society and to control the behavior of its members. In modern societies, a body with
authority, such as a court or the legislature, makes the law; and a law enforcement agency, such as
the police, makes sure it is observed.
In addition to enforcement, a body of expert lawyers is needed to apply the law.
This is the role of the judiciary, the body of judges in a particular country".

Legile pot fi definite ca un set de reguli menit sa asigure o buna conduita intre membrii unei
societati. Legea , baza regulilor si regulamentelor oficiale, regasita , in general , in constitutii si
legislatie, este utilizata pentru a conduce societatea si pentru a controla conduita membrilor
acesteia. In societatile moderne, exista o autoritate, precum curtea sau parlamentul, care emite legi
si o alta, precum politia, care le aplica si se asigura ca sunt respectate. In ce priveste aplicarea legii,
mai este necesara existenta unui complet judecatoresc. Acesta este rolul justitiei, a completului
judecatoresc al unei tari.

I. Treceti urmatoarele propozitii la vorbirea indirecta, fcand schimbarile de

pronume necesare:
1. Our teacher says, "If you work hard, you will succeed".
Our teacher says that if we work hard we will succeed.
2. They always say, "These exercises are too difficult for us".
They always say that these exercises are too difficult for them.
3. Doris is saying, "Behave yourself, Peter."
Doris is saying to Peter to behave himself.
4. The teacher has said to the students, "I want to have a look at your homework".
The teacher said to the students that she wanted to have a look at their homework.
5. I always say, "I don't like to be late".
I always say (that) I dont like to be late.
6. John and Tom are saying, "We haven't done our homework".
John and Tom are saying that they haven't done their homework.

II. Treceti urmatoarele propozitii la vorbirea indirecta operand schimbarile de timp sj

adverbe, dupa un verb la Past Tense:
He said (that).... sau He told me/us (that)...
1. "I read this book a long time ago".
He said (that) he had read that book a long time ago.
2. "They are having an English class now".
They told us (that) they were having an English class then.
1. Ill give you an answer as soon as I can".
He told me (that) he would give me an answer as soon as he could.
4. "We watched TV last night".
They told us (that) they had watched TV the previous night.
5. "We've never been here before".
They told us (that) they had never been there before.
6. "I know what the teacher will say".
He said (that) he knew what his teacher would say.
7. "I can't answer this question; it's too difficult for me".
He said (that) he couldnt answer that question; it was too difficult for him.
8. "I shall try to finish this today".
He said (that) he should try to finish that on that day.
9. "I talked to them yesterday".
He told me (that) he had talked to them the day before.
10. "I'll be very busy next week".
He said (that) he would be very busy the following week.

III. Treceti urmatoarele propozitii n vorbirea indirecta folosind n propozitia principal

verbe la Past Tense (say, tell, ask, wonder, promise, order, advise):
1. "What are you studying?"
He asked what they were studying.
2. "Has Paul left any message for me?"
He wondered whether Paul had left any message for him.
3. "Could you make up this prescription for me?"
She asked whether he could make up that prescription for her.
4. "I don't take sugar in my tea".
He said that he didnt take sugar in his tea.
5. "What a lovely day!"
He said that it was a lovely day.
6. "I'll be -back in half an hour".
He promised that he would be-back in half an hour.
7. "Why should I do this?"
 He wondered why he should do that.
8. "Let's play tennis, now!"
He said we should play tennis then.

IV. Traduceti urmatoarele propozitii n limba engleza.

1. Voia sa stie de ce prietenii mei au plecat aa devreme.
She wanted to know why my friends had left so early.
2. Profesorul i-a ntrebat pe studenti daca au nteles lectia sau nu.
The teacher asked the students if they had understood the lesson or not.
3. Functionarul ne-a sfatuit sa citim cu atentie instructiunile nainte sa deschidem cutia.
The clerk advised us to read the instructions carrefuly before opening the box.
4. Doctorul ne-a spus ca nimeni nu are voie sa vorbeasca cu pacientul pana a doua zi.
The doctor told us that nobody was allowed to talk to the pacient untill the day after.
5. Ei au spus ca ar fi ajuns la timp daca n-ar fi pierdut autobuzul.
They said they would had arrived in due time if they hadnt missed the bus.
Dupa ce ati tradus propozitiile de mai sus n limba engleza, treceti propozitiile n vorbirea directa.

She asked Why did your friends leave so early?

The teacher asked his students Have you understood the lesson or not?
The clerk advised us Read the instructions carefully before opening the box.
The doctor said Nobody is allowed to talk to the patient until tomorrow.
They said We would have arrived in due time if we didnt miss the bus

V. Dati echivalentul romanesc la fiecare din cuvintele de mai jos, apoi alcatuiti cate o
propozitie cu fiecare din ele:
1. Barrister avocat pledant salariat
2. Solicitor consilier juridic salariat
3. Prosecutor procuror
4. Judge judecator
The Judge is the authority entitled to give sentences.
5. To take an oath a depune jurmnt
A witness always takes an oath before taking the stand .
6. Minister of Justice Ministrul justitiei
Public prosecutors shall carry out their activity under the authority of the Minister of Justice.
7. Attorney General Procuror general
8. Solicitor General
9. to pursue a urmri
10. Law graduates Absolventi de Drept/Juristi

IV.Traduceti urmatorul fragment n engleza:

(1) Parlamentul adopta legi constitutionale, legi organice si legi ordinare.
The Parliament passes constitutional, organic, and ordinary laws.
(2) Legile constitutionale sunt cele de revizuire a Constitutiei.
 Constitutional laws shall be pertaining to the revision of the Constitution.
(3) Prin lege organica se reglementeaza:
Organic laws shall regulate:
a) sistemul electoral; organizarea si functionarea Autoritatii Electorate Permanente;
the electoral system; the organization and functioning of the Permanent Electoral Authority;
b) organizarea, functionarea si finantarea partidelor politice;
the organization, functioning, and financing of political parties;
c) statutul deputatilor si al senatorilor, stabilirea indemnizatiei si a celorlalte drepturi ale acestora;
the statute of Deputies and Senators, the establishment of their emoluments and other rights;
d) organizarea si desfaurarea referendumului;
the organization and holding of referendum;
e) organizarea Guvernului si a Consiliului Suprem de Aparare a Tarii;
the organization of the Government and of the Supreme Council of National Defence;
f) regimul starii de mobilizare partiala sau totala a fortelor armate si al starii de razboi;
the state of partial or total mobilization of the armed forces and the state of war;
g) regimul starii de asediu i al starii de urgenta;
the state of siege and emergency;
h) infractiunile, pedepsele i regimul executarii acestora;
criminal offences, penalties, and the execution thereof;
i) acordarea amnistiei sau a gratierii colective;
the granting of amnesty or collective pardon;
j) statutul functionarilor publici;
the statute of public servants;
k) contenciosul administrativ;
the contentious business falling within the competence of administrative courts;
I) organizarea si functionarea Consiliului Superior al Magistraturii, a instantelor
judecatoresti, a Ministerului Public si a Curtii de Conturi;
the organization and functioning of the Superior Council of Magistracy, the courts of law, the
Public Ministry, and the Court of Audit;
m) regimul juridic general al proprietatii si al mostenirii;
the general legal status of property and inheritance;
n) organizarea generala a nvatamantului;
the general organization of education;
o) organizarea administratiei publice locale, a teritoriului, precum si regimul general
privind autonomia locala;
the organization of local public administration, territory, as well as the general rules on local
autonomy;
p) regimul general privind raporturile de munca, sindicatele, patronatele si protectia
sociala;
the general rules covering labour relations, trade unions, employers' associations, and social
protection;
r) statutul minoritatilor nationale din Romania;
the status of national minorities in Romania;
s) regimul general al cultelor;
 the general statutory rules of religious cults;
t) celelalte domenii pentru care in Constitute se prevede adoptarea de legi organice.
the other fields for which the Constitution stipulates the enactment of organic laws.
(Constitutia Romaniei)

I. Alegeti forma corecta a verbelor date n paranteza (prezentul simplu sau continuu):
1. I (to write) a letter now.
I am writing a letter now.
2. I (to drink) tea every morning.
I drink tea every morning.
3. ... you (to understand) me now?
Do you understand me now?
4. I (not to work) today.
I am not working today.
5. He always (to work) at home on Saturdays.
He always works at home on Saturdays.
6. We (to translate) the lesson now.
We are translating the lesson now.
7. Where ... you (to work) this week? In Bucharest or in New York?
Where are you working this week? In Bucharest or in New York?
8. What... you (to do) next week?
What are you doing next week?
9. She (to like) swimming.
She likes swimming.
10. The telephone (to ring) at the moment.
The telephone is ringing at the moment.
11. My passport (to expire) on 30th of October this year.
My passport expires on 30th of October this year
12. I usually (to write) for an hour or two every evening.
I usually write for an hour or two every evening.
13. Leave me alone, I (to work) now.
Leave me alone, I am working now.
14. ... this paper (to belong) to you?
Does this paper belong to you?
15. I (to want) to know how to cross a check.
I want to know how to cross a check.

II. Traduceti in engleza:

1. Cate ore de engleza aveti pe saptamana?
 How many English classes do you have every week?
2. Casa aceasta imi apartine.
This house belongs to me.
3. Mergeti la birou n fiecare dimineata ?
Do you go to the office every morning?
4. In Anglia ploua destul de des.
It rains quite often, In England.
5. Cresc preturile. Luna aceasta totul este mai scump.
The prices are going up.This month everything is more expensive.
6. Cine este barbatul cu care vorbeste n acest moment ?
Who is the man that she is talking to right now?
7. Mergem la teatru sau la opera o data pe luna.
Once a month , we go to the theatre or to the opera.
8. Verisoara mea lucreaza la o firma de publicitate.
My cousin is working for an advertising agency.
9. Cand se deschide banca?
What time does the bank open?
10. Imi vizitez parintii n fiecare saptamana.
I visit my parents every week.
11. Pretul acestei carti este foarte mare. Nu-mi permit sa mi-o cumpar.
The price of this book is very high. I cant afford to buy it.
12. Astazi lansam pe piata un nou produs.
Today, were launching a new product on market.
13. Despre ce discutati acum ? De ce nu sunteti atenti ?
What are you discussing about now? Why arent you paying attention?
14. Calculatorul nu face niciodata greseli.
The computer never makes mistakes.
15. Saptamana aceasta lucrez numai dupa-amiaza.
This week I am working only in the afternoons.

III. Mai jos aveti cateva expresii tipice folosite n limbajul de drept. Ce prepozitii folositi cu
aceste expresii ?
1. To accuse someone of something.
2. To be liable of something.
3. To sentence someone for a punishment.
4. To claim damages on something.
5. To be entitled to compensation.
6. To bring a case to someone.
7. To be guilty of an offence.
8. To fine someone for something.
9. To bring an action on somebody.
10. To comply with a decision.
Folositi aceste expresii n propozitii alcatuite de dumneavoastra.
IV.A. Traducei n romn:

The Queen is not only Head of State, but also an important symbol of national unity. In law she is:
Head of the executive;
An integral part of the legislative;
Head of the Judiciary;
Commander in chief of all the armed forces of the Crown;
The supreme governor of the established Church of England.
Regina nu este numai seful statului, ci si un simbol important al unitatii nationale. In
drept(lege) ea este:
-seful executivului;
-parte a puterii legislative;
-seful puterii judecatoresti;
-comandant al tuturor fortelor armate ale Coroanei;
-Conducatorul supreme al bisericii oficiale a Angliei

IV.B. Traducei n romn urmtoarele fragmente din Constituia Romniei:

ARTICLE 124
(1) Justice shall be rendered in the name of the law.

Justiia se nfptuiete n numele legii

(2) Justice shall be one, impartial, and equal for all.

Justiia este unic, imparial i egal pentru toi.

(3) Judges shall be independent and subject only to the law.

Judectorii sunt independeni i se supun numai legii.

ARTICLE 125
(1) The judges appointed by the President of Romania shall be irremovable, according to the law.

Judectorii numii de Preedintele Romniei sunt inamovibili, n condiiile legii.

(2) The appointment proposals, as well as the promotion, transfer of, and sanctions against judges shall
only be within the competence of the Superior Council of Magistracy, under the terms of its organic law.

Propunerile de numire, precum i promovarea, transferarea i sancionarea judectorilor sunt de

competena Consiliului Superior al Magistraturii, n condiiile legii sale organice.
(3) The office of a judge shall be incompatible with any other public or private office, except for
academic activities.

Funcia de judector este incompatibil cu orice alt funcie public sau privat, cu excepia funciilor
didactice din nvmntul superior.

(The Romanian Constitution)