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1
EXAMPLE: Springs in series
FBD
Fx = 0
RAx + P = 0
RAx = P
Fy = 0
Ry = 0
2
FBD of Spring 1
Fx = 0
F1 = P
FBD of Spring 2
Fx = 0
F2 = P
Look at compatibility:
Undeformed
3
Deformed
Compatibility:
1 + 2 =
Dene:
- How much things stretch
u - How much things move
So:
ux =
Force-Deformation:
F1 = k1 1
F2 = k2 2
Put it all together:
1 = F1 /k1
2 = F2 /k2
F1 F2 1 1
= 1 + 2 = + =P +
k1 k2 k1 k2
So:
k2 + k1
=P
k2 k1
4
k1 k2
P =
k1 + k2
k1 k2
kef f =
k1 + k2
Plot
Sanity Check
1. k1 = k2 = k
k2
kef f = 2k = k2 , P 2
2. k1 >> k2
kef f = k2k2 k2 All exibility is due to weaker spring.
1+ k
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EXAMPLE
1. FBD
5
Note: No forces in y.
Fx = 0
P + R Ax + R Bx = 0
FBD: Spring 1
RAx + F1c = 0
F1c = RAx
FBD: Pin
P F1c + F2c = 0
FBD: Spring 2
6
RBx F2c = 0
F2c = RBx
So:
P + R Ax + R Bx = 0
Note: We already have this equation.
7
1 + 2 = 0
1 = ucx
2 = ucx
4. Solve equations.
F1 = k1 1 = k1 ucx
F2 = k2 2 = k2 ucx
P k2 ucx k1 ucx = 0
P = (k1 + k2 )ucx
P
ucx =
k1 + k2
What is the loadsharing?
k1 P
F1 =
k1 + k2
k2 P
F2 =
k1 + k2
Check
EXAMPLE
8
Q: Forces in springs A, B, C?
Q: Find y(x).
1. Equations of Equilibrium
Fy = 0
P FA FB FC = 0
MA = 0
L
P a FC FB L = 0
2
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2. Force Deformation Relationship
FA = kA
FB = kB
FC = kC
3. Compatibility
A = uA
Y
B A
tan =
L
C A
tan =
L/2
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