2017615 Blender(software)Wikipedia

Blender(software)
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Blenderisaprofessionalfreeandopensource3Dcomputer
graphicssoftwareproductusedforcreatinganimatedfilms, Blender(software)
visualeffects,art,3Dprintedmodels,interactive3D
applicationsandvideogames.Blender'sfeaturesinclude3D
modeling,UVunwrapping,texturing,rastergraphics
editing,riggingandskinning,fluidandsmokesimulation,
particlesimulation,softbodysimulation,sculpting,
animating,matchmoving,cameratracking,rendering,video
editingandcompositing.Itfurtherfeaturesanintegrated
gameengine.

Contents
1 History Blender2.78
1.1 Suzanne Developer(s) BlenderFoundation
1.2 Clones
2 Features Initialrelease January1995
2.1 Userinterface Stablerelease
2.2 Hardwarerequirements 2.78c (February28,2017[1][2]) []
2.3 Supportedplatforms (https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.ph
2.4 Fileformat p?title=Template:Latest_stable_softw
2.5 Videoediting are_release/Blender_(software)&acti
2.6 WebGLauthoring
on=edit)
3 Renderingandraytracing
3.1 GPUrendering Repository git.blender.org/blender.git(gi
3.2 Integrator t://git.blender.org/blender.git)
3.3 OpenShadingLanguage
3.4 Materials Developmentstatus Active
3.4.1 Surfaceshader Writtenin C,C++,andPython
3.4.2 Volumeshader
Operatingsystem Windows,macOS,Linux
3.4.3 Displacementshader
3.5 Demoreels Size 71.7144.1MiB(variesby
4 Physics operatingsystem)[3]
4.1 Clothsimulation
4.2 Fluidsimulation Type 3Dcomputergraphicssoftware
4.2.1 PhysicsFluidSimulation License GNUGeneralPublicLicense
4.2.2 Particlefluidsimulation
5 Development v2orlater[4]
6 Support Website blender.org(http://blender.org)
7 Useinthemediaindustry
8 Openprojects
8.1 ElephantsDream(OpenMovieProject:
Orange)
8.2 BigBuckBunny(OpenMovieProject:
Peach)
8.3 YoFrankie!(OpenGameProject:
Apricot)
8.4 Sintel(OpenMovieProject:Durian)
8.5 TearsofSteel(OpenMovieProject:
Mango)

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8.6 CosmosLaundromat(OpenMovie
Project:Gooseberry)
9 Onlineservices
9.1 BlenderCloud
9.2 BlenderID
10 Seealso
11 References
12 Furtherreading
13 Externallinks

History
TheDutchanimationstudioNeoGeodevelopedBlenderasanin
houseapplicationinJanuary1995,[5]withtheprimaryauthorbeing
softwaredeveloperTonRoosendaal.ThenameBlenderwas
inspiredbyasongbyYello,fromthealbumBaby.[6]WhenNeo
Geowasacquiredbyanothercompany,TonRoosendaalandFrank
vanBeekfoundedNotaNumberTechnologies(NaN)inJune1998
tofurtherdevelopBlender,initiallydistributingitasshareware
untilNaNwentbankruptin2002.
Thedesktopsceneinversion2.77
OnJuly18,2002,Roosendaalstartedthe"FreeBlender"
campaign,acrowdfundingprecursor.[7][8]ThecampaignaimedforopensourcingBlenderforaonetime
paymentof100,000(US$100,670atthetime)collectedfromthecommunity.[9]OnSeptember7,2002,itwas
announcedthattheyhadcollectedenoughfundsandwouldreleasetheBlendersourcecode.Today,Blenderis
free,opensourcesoftwarethatisapartfromtheBlenderInstitute'stwofulltimeandtwoparttime
employeesdevelopedbythecommunity.[10]

TheBlenderFoundationinitiallyreservedtherighttouseduallicensing,sothat,inadditiontoGPLv2,Blender
wouldhavebeenavailablealsoundertheBlenderLicensethatdidnotrequiredisclosingsourcecodebut
requiredpaymentstotheBlenderFoundation.However,theyneverexercisedthisoptionandsuspendedit
indefinitelyin2005.[11]Blenderissolelyavailableunder"GNUGPLv2oranylater"andwasnotupdatedto
theGPLv3,as"noevidentbenefits"wereseen.[12]

Thefollowingprogramdevelopedineachversion:

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Version Release[13] Notesandkeychanges

around
2.03 HandbookTheofficialBlender2.0guide.
2002
August20,
2.26 Firsteverfreeversion.
2003
November
2.30 NewGUIeditsarenowrevertible.
22,2003
February
2.32 RaytracingininternalrenderersupportforYafaRay.
3,2004
August5,
2.34 LSCMUVUnwrapping,objectparticleinteraction.
2004
May31,
2.37 Simulationofelasticsurfacesimprovedsubdivisionsurface.
2005
Greatlyimprovedsystemandcharacteranimations(withanonlineareditingtool),and
December addedfluidandhairsimulator.NewfunctionalitywasbasedonGoogleSummerofCode
2.40
22,2005
2005.[14]
Improvementsofthegameengine(programmablevertexandpixelshaders,using
January Blendermaterials,splitscreenmode,improvementstothephysicsengine),improved
2.41
25,2006 UVmapping,recordingofthePythonscriptsforsculptureorsculptureworkswiththe
helpofgridormesh(meshsculpting)andsetchainingmodels.
July14, ThefilmElephantsDreamresultedinhighdevelopmentasanecessity.Inparticularthe
2.42
2006 NodeSystem(MaterialandCompositor)hasbeenimplemented.
February
2.43 SculptModelingasaresultofGoogleSummerofCode2006
16,2007
May19, WiththeproductionofBigBuckBunnyBlendersettoproducegrassquicklyand
2.46
2008 efficiently.[15]
October
2.48 DuetodevelopmentofYoFrankie!,thegameenginewasimprovedsubstantially.[16]
14,2008
June13, Firstofficialstablerelease2.5.Newwindowandfilemanager,newinterface,new
2.49
2009 PythonAPI,andnewanimationsystem.[17]
Firstofficialstablereleaseof2.5erbranch:newinterface,newwindowmanagerand
April13,
2.57 rewritteneventandtoolfileprocessingsystem,newanimationsystem(each
2011
settingcanbeanimatednow),andnewPythonAPI.[18]
June22, Newfeatures,suchastheadditionofthewarpmodifierandrenderbaking.
2.58
2011 Improvementsinsculpting.[19]
July4,
2.58a Somebugfixes,alongwithsmallextensionsinGUIandPythoninterface.[20]
2011
August13,
2.59 3Dmousesupport
2011
Developerbranchesintegratedintomaindeveloperbranch:amongotherthings,Bmesh,
October
2.60 anewrendering/shadingsystem,NURBS,tonameafew,directlyfromGoogleSummer
19,2011
ofCode
December
2.61 RenderEngineCycles,MotionTracking,DynamicPaint,OceanSimulator
14,2011
February Motiontrackingimprovement,furtherexpansionofUVtools,cyclesrenderengine,and
2.62
16,2012 remeshmodifier
April27, Bugfixes,Bmeshproject:completelynewmeshsystemwithncorners,plusnewtools:
2.63
2012 dissolve,inset,bridge,vertexslide,vertexconnect,andbevel
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2.64 October3, Greenscreenkeying,nodebasedcompositing

2012
December
2.65 Over200bugfixes,supportfortheOpenShadingLanguage,andfiresimulation
10,2012
February Rigidbodysimulationavailableoutsideofthegameengine,dynamictopology
2.66
21,2013 sculpting,hairrenderingnowsupportedincycles
Freestylerenderingmodefornonphotographicrendering,subsurfacescatteringsupport
May730,
2.67 added,themotiontrackingsolverismademoreaccurateandfaster,andanaddonfor
2013
3Dprintingnowcomesbundled
RenderingperformanceisimprovedforCPUsandGPUs,supportforNVIDIATesla
July18,
2.68 K20,GTXTitanandGTX780GPUs.Smokerenderingimprovedtoreduce
2013
blockiness.[21]
October
2.69 Motiontrackingnowsupportsplanetracking,andhairrenderingwasimproved
31,2013
March19,
2.70 Initialsupportforvolumerenderingandsmallimprovementstotheuserinterface
2014
June26, Supportforbakingincyclesandvolumerenderingbranchedpathtracingnowrenders
2.71
2014 faster
October4,
2.72 VolumerenderingforGPUs,morefeaturesforsculptingandpainting
2014
January8, Newfullscreenmode,improvedPieMenus,3DViewcannowdisplaytheworld
2.73
2015 background.[22]
March31, Cyclesgotseveralprecision,noise,speed,memoryimprovements,newPointiness
2.74
2015 attribute.[22]
July1, BlendernowsupportsafullyintegratedMultiViewandStereo3Dpipeline,Cycleshas
2.75a
2015 muchawaitedinitialsupportforAMDGPUs,andanewLightPortalsfeature.[22]
November Cyclesvolumedensityrender,PixarOpenSubdivmeshsubdivisionlibrary,node
2.76b
3,2015 inserting,videoeditingtools[22]
April6, ImprovementsofCycles,newfeaturesfortheGreasePencil,moresupportfor
2.77a
2016 OpenVDB,updatedPythonlibraryandsupportforWindowsXPremoved[23]
SphericalstereorenderingforVR,GreasePencilimprovementsfor2Danimations,
February
2.78c Freehandcurvesdrawingoversurfaces,BendyBones,Micropolygondisplacements,
28,2017
AdaptiveSubdivision.Cyclesperformanceimprovements.[24]
Legend: Oldversion Olderversion,stillsupported Latestversion
Latestpreviewversion Futurerelease

Suzanne

InJanuaryFebruary2002itwasclearthatNaNcouldnotsurviveandwouldclosethedoorsinMarch.
Nevertheless,theyputoutonemorerelease,2.25.Asasortofeasteregg,alastpersonaltag,theartistsand
developersdecidedtoadda3Dmodelofachimpanzeehead.ItwascreatedbyWillemPaulvanOverbruggen
(SLiD3),whonameditSuzanneaftertheorangutanintheKevinSmithfilmJayandSilentBobStrikeBack.

SuzanneisBlender'salternativetomorecommontestmodelssuchastheUtahTeapotandtheStanfordBunny.
Alowpolygonmodelwithonly500faces,Suzanneisoftenusedasaquickandeasywaytotestmaterial,
animation,rigs,texture,andlightingsetupsandisalsofrequentlyusedinjokeimages.Suzanneisstillincluded
inBlender.ThelargestBlendercontestgivesoutanawardcalledtheSuzanneAward.

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Clones

DuetoBlender'sopensourcenature,otherprogramshavetriedtotake
advantageofitssuccessbyrepackagingandsellingcosmetically
modifiedversionsofit.ExamplesincludeIllusionMage,3DMofun,
3DMagix,andFluidDesigner,[25]thelatterrecognizedasBlender
based.

Features
OfficialreleasesofBlenderforMicrosoftWindows,MacOSand Suzanne

Linux,[26]aswellasaportforFreeBSD,[27]areavailablein
both32bitand64bitversions.Thoughitisoften
distributedwithoutextensiveexamplescenesfoundin
someotherprograms,[28]thesoftwarecontainsfeaturesthat
arecharacteristicofhighend3Dsoftware.Amongits
capabilitiesare:

Supportforavarietyofgeometricprimitives,
includingpolygonmeshes,fastsubdivisionsurface
modeling,Beziercurves,NURBSsurfaces,
metaballs,icospheres,multiresdigitalsculpting
(includingdynamictopology,mapsbaking,
remeshing,resymetrize,decimation),outlinefont,
andanewngonmodelingsystemcalledBmesh.
Internalrenderenginewithscanlinerendering,
indirectlighting,andambientocclusionthatcan
exportinawidevarietyofformats.
ApathtracerrenderenginecalledCycles,whichcan
takeadvantageoftheGPUforrendering.Cycles Stepsofforensicfacialreconstructionofamummy
supportstheOpenShadingLanguagesinceBlender madeonBlenderbytheBrazilian3Ddesigner
2.65. [29] CceroMoraes.
Integrationwithanumberofexternalrenderengines
throughplugins.
Keyframedanimationtoolsincludinginversekinematics,armature(skeletal),hook,curveandlattice
baseddeformations,shapeanimations,nonlinearanimation,constraints,andvertexweighting.
Simulationtoolsforsoftbodydynamicsincludingmeshcollisiondetection,LBMfluiddynamics,smoke
simulation,Bulletrigidbodydynamics,oceangeneratorwithwaves.
Aparticlesystemthatincludessupportforparticlebasedhair.
Modifierstoapplynondestructiveeffects.
Pythonscriptingfortoolcreationandprototyping,gamelogic,importing/exportingfromotherformats,
taskautomationandcustomtools.
Basicnonlinearvideo/audioediting.
TheBlenderGameEngine,asubproject,offersinteractivityfeaturessuchascollisiondetection,
dynamicsengine,andprogrammablelogic.Italsoallowsthecreationofstandalone,realtime
applicationsrangingfromarchitecturalvisualizationtovideogames.
AfullyintegratednodebasedcompositorwithintherenderingpipelineacceleratedwithOpenCL.
Proceduralandnodebasedtextures,aswellastexturepainting,projectivepainting,vertexpainting,
weightpaintinganddynamicpainting.
Realtimecontrolduringphysicssimulationandrendering.
Cameraandobjecttracking.

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Usingthenodeeditortocreate A3Drenderingwithray Renderingofahouse Themain

anisotropicmetallicmaterials tracingandambient character
occlusionusingBlender fromthe
andYafaRay Blender
Sintel
openfilm

Asimplefluidsimulationdone
withBlender

Userinterface

Blender'suserinterfaceincorporatesthefollowing
concepts:

Editingmodes
ThetwoprimarymodesofworkareObjectMode
andEditMode,whicharetoggledwiththeTabkey.
Objectmodeisusedtomanipulateindividualobjects
asaunit,whileEditmodeisusedtomanipulatethe
actualobjectdata.Forexample,ObjectModecanbe
usedtomove,scale,androtateentirepolygon
meshes,andEditModecanbeusedtomanipulatethe
Blender'suserinterfaceunderwentasignificant
individualverticesofasinglemesh.Therearealso
updateduringthe2.5xseries
severalothermodes,suchasVertexPaint,Weight
Paint,andSculptMode.

Hotkeyusage
Mostofthecommandsareaccessibleviahotkeys.TherearealsocomprehensiveGUImenus.

Numericinput
Numericbuttonscanbe"dragged"tochangetheirvaluedirectlywithouttheneedtoaimataparticular
widget,aswellasbeingsetusingthekeyboard.Bothslidersandnumberbuttonscanbeconstrainedto
variousstepsizeswithmodifiersliketheCtrlandShiftkeys.Pythonexpressionscanalsobetyped
directlyintonumberentryfields,allowingmathematicalexpressionstospecifyvalues.

Workspacemanagement
TheBlenderGUIbuildsitsowntiledwindowingsystemontopofoneormultiplewindowsprovidedby
theunderlyingplatform.Oneplatformwindow(oftensizedtofillthescreen)isdividedintosectionsand
subsectionsthatcanbeofanytypeofBlender'sviewsorwindowtypes.Theusercandefinemultiple
layoutsofsuchBlenderwindows,calledscreens,andswitchquicklybetweenthembyselectingfroma
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menuorwithkeyboardshortcuts.Eachwindowtype'sownGUIelementscanbecontrolledwiththe
sametoolsthatmanipulate3Dview.Forexample,onecanzoominandoutofGUIbuttonsusingsimilar
controlsonezoomsinandoutinthe3Dviewport.TheGUIviewportandscreenlayoutisfullyuser
customizable.ItispossibletosetuptheinterfaceforspecifictaskssuchasvideoeditingorUVmapping
ortexturingbyhidingfeaturesnotusedforthetask.[30]

Hardwarerequirements

Blenderhardwarerequirements[31]
Hardware Minimum Recommended Productionstandard
32bitdualcore2GHz
Processor 64bitquadcoreCPU 64biteightcoreCPU
CPUwithSSE2support
Memory 2GBRAM 8GBRAM 16GBRAM
OpenGL2.1compatible OpenGL3.2compatiblecardwith2GB DualOpenGL3.2
Graphics
cardwith512MBvideo videoRAM(CUDAorOpenCLforGPU compatiblecardswith4
card
RAM rendering) GBvideoRAM
1280768pixels,24bit Dual19201080pixels,
Display 19201080pixels,24bitcolor
color 24bitcolor
Threebuttonmouseand
Input Mouseortrackpad Threebuttonmouse
graphicstablet

Supportedplatforms

BlenderisavailableforWindowsVistaandabove,MacOSX10.6andabove,andLinux.Blender2.76bisthe
lastsupportedreleaseforWindowsXP.[31]

Fileformat

Blenderfeaturesaninternalfilesystemthatcanpackmultiplescenesintoasinglefile(calleda".blend"file).

AllofBlender's".blend"filesareforward,backward,andcrossplatformcompatiblewithotherversions
ofBlender,withthefollowingexceptions:
Loadinganimationsstoredinpost2.5filesinBlenderpre2.5.Thisisduetothereworked
animationsubsystemintroducedinBlender2.5beinginherentlyincompatiblewitholderversions.
Loadingmeshesstoredinpost2.63.ThisisduetotheintroductionofBMesh,amoreversatile
meshformat.
Allscenes,objects,materials,textures,sounds,images,postproductioneffectsforanentireanimation
canbestoredinasingle".blend"file.Dataloadedfromexternalsources,suchasimagesandsounds,can
alsobestoredexternallyandreferencedthrougheitheranabsoluteorrelativepathname.Likewise,
".blend"filesthemselvescanalsobeusedaslibrariesofBlenderassets.
Interfaceconfigurationsareretainedinthe".blend"files.

Awidevarietyofimport/exportscriptsthatextendBlendercapabilities(accessingtheobjectdataviaan
internalAPI)makeitpossibletointeroperatewithother3Dtools.

Blenderorganizesdataasvariouskindsof"datablocks",suchasObjects,Meshes,Lamps,Scenes,Materials,
Imagesandsoon.AnobjectinBlenderconsistsofmultipledatablocksforexample,whattheuserwould
describeasapolygonmeshconsistsofatleastanObjectandaMeshdatablock,andusuallyalsoaMaterial
andmanymore,linkedtogether.Thisallowsvariousdatablockstorefertoeachother.Theremaybe,for
example,multipleObjectsthatrefertothesameMesh,andmakingsubsequenteditingofthesharedmesh
resultinshapechangesinallObjectsusingthisMesh.Objects,meshes,materials,texturesetc.canalsobe
linkedtofromother.blendfiles,whichiswhatallowstheuseof.blendfilesasreusableresourcelibraries.

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Videoediting

Blenderfeaturesafullyfunctional,productionreadyNonLinear
videoeditorcalledVideoSequenceEditororVSEforshort.
Blender'sVSEhasmanyfeaturesincludingeffectslikeGaussian
Blur,colorgrading,FadeandWipetransitions,andothervideo
transformations.However,thereisnomulticoresupportfor
renderingvideowithVSE.

WebGLauthoring
VideoEditor(VSE)
Blend4Web,anopensourceWebGLframework,canbeusedto
convertwholeBlendersceneswithgraphics,animation,soundand
physicstoworkinstandardwebbrowsers.Exportcanbeperformedwithasingleclick,evenasastandalone
webpage.[32]

Renderingandraytracing
Cyclesisthepathtracingrenderenginethatisdesignedtobeinteractiveandeasytouse,whilestillsupporting
manyproductionfeatures.[33]Itcomesinstalledasanaddonthatisavailablebydefaultandcanbeactivatedin
thetopheader.

GPUrendering

CyclessupportsGPUrenderingwhichisusedtohelpspeeduprenderingtimes.TherearetwoGPUrendering
modes:CUDA,whichisthepreferredmethodforNVIDIAgraphicscardsandOpenCL,whichsupports
renderingonAMDgraphicscards.MultipleGPUsarealsosupported,whichcanbeusedtocreatearender
farmalthoughhavingmultipleGPUsdoesn'tincreasetheavailablememorybecauseeachGPUcanonly
accessitsownmemory.[34]

Supportedfeatures[35]
Feature CPU CUDA OpenCL
BasicShading Yes Yes Yes
TransparentShadows Yes Yes Yes
Motionblur Yes Yes Yes
Hair Yes Yes Yes
Volume Yes Yes Yes
Smoke/Fire Yes Yes Yes
SubsurfaceScattering Yes Yes Yes
OpenShadingLanguage Yes No No
CorrelatedMultiJitteredSampling Yes Yes Yes
BranchedPathintegrator Yes Yes Yes
Displacement/Subdivision Experimental Experimental Experimental

Integrator

Theintegratoristherenderingalgorithmusedforlightingcomputations.Cyclescurrentlysupportsapath
tracingintegratorwithdirectlightsampling.Itworkswellforvariouslightingsetups,butisnotassuitablefor
causticsandsomeothercomplexlightingsituations.Raysaretracedfromthecameraintothescene,bouncing
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arounduntiltheyfindalightsourcesuchasalamp,anobjectemittinglight,ortheworldbackground.Tofind
lampsandsurfacesemittinglight,bothindirectlightsampling(lettingtherayfollowthesurfaceBSDF)and
directlightsampling(pickingalightsourceandtracingaraytowardsit)areused.[36]

Therearetwotypesofintegrators:

1.Thedefaultpathtracingintegratorisapurepathtracer.Ateachhititbounceslightinonedirectionand
picksonelighttoreceivelightingfrom.Thismakeseachindividualsamplefastertocompute,but
typicallyrequiresmoresamplestocleanupthenoise.
2.Thealternativeisabranchedpathtracingintegratorwhichatthefirsthitsplitsthepathfordifferent
surfacecomponentsandtakesalllightsintoaccountforshadinginsteadofjustone.Thismakeseach
sampleslower,butreducesnoise,especiallyinscenesdominatedbydirectoronebouncelighting.

OpenShadingLanguage

BlenderuserscancreatetheirownnodesusingtheOpenShadingLanguagealthoughitisimportanttonotethat
thereisnosupportforitonGPUs.[37]

Materials

Materialsdefinethelookofmeshes,NURBScurvesandothergeometricobjects.Theyconsistofthreeshaders,
definingthemesh'sappearanceofthesurface,volumeinside,anddisplacementofthesurface.[33]

Surfaceshader

Thesurfaceshaderdefinesthelightinteractionatthesurfaceofthemesh.OneormoreBSDFscanspecifyif
incominglightisreflectedback,refractedintothemesh,orabsorbed.[33]

Volumeshader

Whenthesurfaceshaderdoesnotreflectorabsorblight,itentersthevolume.Ifnovolumeshaderisspecified,
itwillpassstraightthroughtotheothersideofthemesh.

Ifoneisdefined,avolumeshaderdescribesthelightinteractionasitpassesthroughthevolumeofthemesh.
Lightmaybescattered,absorbed,oremittedatanypointinthevolume.[33]

Displacementshader

Theshapeofthesurfacemaybealteredbydisplacementshaders.Thisway,texturescanbeusedtomakethe
meshsurfacemoredetailed.

Dependingonthesettings,thedisplacementmaybevirtual,onlymodifyingthesurfacenormalstogivethe
impressionofdisplacement(alsoknownasbumpmapping)oracombinationofrealandvirtual
displacement.[33]

Demoreels

TheBlenderwebsitecontainsseveraldemoreelsthatshowcasevariousfeaturesofBlender.[38]

Physics
Blendercanbeusedtosimulatesmoke,rain,dust,cloth,water,hairandrigidbodies.[39]

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Clothsimulation

Aclothisanypieceofmeshthathasbeendesignatedas'cloth'inthe
physicstab.

Fluidsimulation

PhysicsFluidSimulation

Thefluidsimulatorcanbeusedforsimulatingliquids,likewaterhitting AclothsimulationmadeinBlender
acup.[40]ItusestheLatticeBoltzmannmethodstosimulatethefluids
andallowsforlotsofadjustingoftheamountofparticlesandthe
resolution.

Particlefluidsimulation

Theparticlephysicsfluidsimulationcreatesparticlesthatfollowthe
Smoothedparticlehydrodynamicsmethod.[41]

Development Physicsfluidsimulation

Sincetheopeningofthesource,Blenderhasexperienced
significantrefactoringoftheinitialcodebaseandmajoradditions
toitsfeatureset.

Improvementsincludeananimationsystemrefresh[42]astack
basedmodifiersystem[43]anupdatedparticlesystem[44](which
canalsobeusedtosimulatehairandfur)fluiddynamicssoft
bodydynamicsGLSLshaderssupport[45]inthegameengine
advancedUVunwrapping[46]afullyrecodedrenderpipeline, GameengineGLSLmaterials
allowingseparaterenderpassesand"rendertotexture"nodebased
materialeditingandcompositingandprojectionpainting.[47]

PartofthesedevelopmentswerefosteredbyGoogle'sSummerofCodeprogram,inwhichtheBlender
Foundationhasparticipatedsince2005.

Support
Blenderisextensivelydocumentedonitswebsite,[48]withtherestofthesupportprovidedviacommunity
tutorialsanddiscussionforumsontheInternet.TheBlenderNetworkprovidessupportandsocialservicesfor
BlenderProfessionals.Additionally,YouTubeisknowntohaveagreatmanyvideotutorialsavailableforeither
Blenderamateursorprofessionalsatnocost.

Useinthemediaindustry
BlenderstartedoutasaninhousetoolforaDutchcommercialanimationcompanyNeoGeo.[49]Blenderhas
beenusedfortelevisioncommercialsinseveralpartsoftheworldincludingAustralia,[50]Iceland,[51]
Brazil,[52][53]Russia[54]andSweden.[55]

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BlenderisusedbyNASAforpubliclyavailable3Dmodels.Many3DmodelsonNASA's3Dresourcespageare
inanative.blendformat.[56]

NASAalsousedBlenderandBlend4Webtodevelopaninteractiveweb
applicationtocelebratethe3rdanniversaryoftheCuriosityrover
landingonMars.[57]Thisapp[58]makesitpossibletooperatetherover,
controlitscamerasandtheroboticarmandreproducessomeofthe
prominenteventsoftheMarsScienceLaboratorymission.[59][60]The
applicationwaspresentedatthebeginningoftheWebGLsectionon
SIGGRAPH2015.[61]

ThefirstlargeprofessionalprojectthatusedBlenderwasSpiderMan2, ExperienceCuriosity:takingaSelfie
whereitwasprimarilyusedtocreateanimaticsandprevisualizations
forthestoryboarddepartment.

AsananimaticartistworkinginthestoryboarddepartmentofSpiderMan2,IusedBlender's3D
modelingandcharacteranimationtoolstoenhancethestoryboards,recreatingsetsandprops,
andputtingintomotionactionandcameramovesin3DspacetohelpmakeSamRaimi'svisionas
cleartootherdepartmentsaspossible.[62]AnthonyZierhut,[63]AnimaticArtist,LosAngeles.

TheFrenchlanguagefilmFridayorAnotherDay(Vendrediouunautrejour)wasthefirst35mmfeaturefilm
touseBlenderforallthespecialeffects,madeonLinuxworkstations.[64]ItwonaprizeattheLocarno
InternationalFilmFestival.ThespecialeffectswerebyDigitalGraphics[65]ofBelgium.

BlenderhasalsobeenusedforshowsontheHistoryChannel,alongsidemanyotherprofessional3Dgraphics
programs.[66]

TommMoore'sTheSecretofKells,whichwaspartlyproducedinBlenderbytheBelgianstudioDigital
Graphics,hasbeennominatedforanOscarinthecategory"BestAnimatedFeatureFilm".[67]

Plumferos,acommercialanimatedfeaturefilmcreatedentirelyinBlender,[68]waspremieredinFebruary2010
inArgentina.Itsmaincharactersareanthropomorphictalkinganimals.

Specialeffectsforepisode6ofRedDwarfseasonXwereconfirmedbeingcreatedusingBlenderbyhalfof
GeckoAnimation,BenSimonds.Thecompanyresponsibleforthespecialeffects,GeckoAnimation,uses
Blenderformultipleprojects,includingRedDwarf.[69]Theepisodescreenedin2012.[70][71]

BlenderwasusedforbothCGIandcompositingforthemovieHardcoreHenry.[72]

ThespecialeffectsfortheTVseriesTheManintheHighCastleweredoneinBlender,withsomeofthe
particlesimulationsrelegatedtoHoudini.[73][74]

Openprojects
Every12yearstheBlenderFoundationannouncesanewcreativeprojecttohelpdriveinnovationinBlender.

ElephantsDream(OpenMovieProject:Orange)

InSeptember2005,someofthemostnotableBlenderartistsanddevelopersbeganworkingonashortfilm
usingprimarilyfreesoftware,inaninitiativeknownastheOrangeMovieProjecthostedbytheNetherlands
MediaArtInstitute(NIMk).Theresultingfilm,ElephantsDream,premieredonMarch24,2006.Inresponseto
thesuccessofElephantsDream,theBlenderFoundationfoundedtheBlenderInstitutetodoadditionalprojects
withtwoannouncedprojects:BigBuckBunny,alsoknownas"ProjectPeach"(a'furryandfunny'shortopen
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animatedfilmproject)andYoFrankie,alsoknownasProjectApricot(anopen
gameincollaborationwithCrystalSpacethatreusedsomeoftheassetscreated
duringProjectPeach).ThishaslatermadeitswaytoNintendo3DS'sNintendo
Videobetweentheyears2012and2013.

BigBuckBunny(OpenMovieProject:Peach)

OnOctober1,2007,anewteamstartedworkingonasecondopenproject,
"Peach",fortheproductionoftheshortmovieBigBuckBunny.Thistime,
however,thecreativeconceptwastotallydifferent.Insteadofthedeepand
mysticalstyleofElephantsDream,thingsaremore"funnyandfurry"accordingto
theofficialsite.[75]ThemoviehaditspremiereonApril10,2008.
BigBuckBunnyposter
YoFrankie!(OpenGameProject:Apricot)

"Apricot"isaprojectforproductionofagamebasedontheuniverseand
charactersofthePeachmovie(BigBuckBunny)usingfreesoftware.Thegameis
titledYoFrankie.TheprojectstartedFebruary1,2008,anddevelopmentwas
completedattheendofJuly2008.Afinalizedproductwasexpectedattheendof
Augusthowever,thereleasewasdelayed.ThegamewasreleasedonDecember9,
2008,undereithertheGNUGPLorLGPL,withallcontentbeinglicensedunder
CreativeCommonsAttribution3.0.[76]

Sintel(OpenMovieProject:Durian)
Sintelpromotionalposter
TheBlenderFoundation'sProjectDurian[77](inkeepingwiththetraditionoffruits
ascodenames)wasthistimechosentomakeafantasyactionepicofabouttwelve
minutesinlength,[78]starringateenagegirlandayoungdragonasthemain
characters.ThefilmpremieredonlineonSeptember30,2010.[79]Agamebased
onSintelwasofficiallyannouncedonBlenderartists.orgonMay12,2010.[80][81]

ManyofthenewfeaturesintegratedintoBlender2.5andbeyondwereadirect
resultofProjectDurian.

TearsofSteel(OpenMovieProject:Mango)

DerekdeLintinascenefromTears
ofSteel
andmodelsweremadeavailableunderafreecontentcompliantCreativeCommonslicense.[84][83]
OnOctober2,2011,thefourthopenmovie TearsofSteel
project,codenamed"Mango",was promotionalposter
announcedbytheBlender
Foundation.[82][83]Ateamofartists
assembledusinganopencallofcommunityparticipation.Itisthefirst
BlenderopenmovietouseliveactionaswellasCG.
FilmingforMangostartedonMay7,2012,andthemoviewasreleased
onSeptember26,2012.Aswiththepreviousfilms,allfootage,scenes

Accordingtothefilm'spressrelease,"Thefilm'spremiseisaboutagroupofwarriorsandscientists,whogather
atthe'OudeKerk'inAmsterdamtostageacrucialeventfromthepast,inadesperateattempttorescuethe
worldfromdestructiverobots."[85]

CosmosLaundromat(OpenMovieProject:Gooseberry)

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2017615 Blender(software)Wikipedia

OnJanuary10,2011,TonRoosendaalannouncedthatthefifthopen
movieprojectwouldbecodenamed"Gooseberry"andthatitsgoal
wouldbetoproduceafeaturelengthanimatedfilm.Hespeculatedthat
productionwouldbeginsometimebetween2012and2014.[86]Thefilm
wastobewrittenandproducedbyacoalitionofinternationalanimation
studios.ThestudiolineupwasannouncedonJanuary28,2014,[87]and CosmosLaundromatFirstCycle
productionbegansoonthereafter.AsofMarch2014,amoodboardhad
beenconstructed[88]anddevelopmentgoalshadbeenset.Theinitialten
minutepilotwasreleasedonYouTubeonAugust10,2015.[89]ItwontheSIGGRAPH2016Computer
AnimationFestivalJury'sChoiceaward.[90]

Onlineservices
BlenderCloud

TheBlenderCloudplatform,launchedinMarch2014andoperatedbytheBlenderInstitute,isasubscription
basedcloudcomputingplatformandBlenderclientaddonwhichprovideshostingandsynchronizationfor
backedupanimationprojectfiles.[91]ItwaslaunchedtopromoteandfundraiseforProject:Gooseberry,andis
intendedtoreplacethesellingofDVDsbytheBlenderFoundationwithasubscriptionbasedmodelforfile
hosting,assetsharingandcollaboration.[92][93]AfeatureoftheBlenderCloudisBlenderSync,whichprovides
synchronizationbetweenBlenderclientsforfilechanges,userpreferencesandotherfeatures.[94]

BlenderID

TheBlenderIDisaunifiedloginforBlendersoftwareandserviceusers,providingaloginforBlenderCloud,
theBlenderStore,theBlenderConference,BlenderNetwork,BlenderDevelopmentFundandtheBlender
FoundationCertifiedTrainerProgram.[95]

Seealso
Caminandes,aseriesofanimatedshortfilms
ManuelbastioniLAB,afreeandopensourcepluginforBlenderfortheparametric3Dmodelingof
photorealistichumanoidcharacters

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Furtherreading
VanGumster,Jason(2009).BlenderForDummies.Indianapolis,Indiana:WileyPublishing,Inc.p.408.ISBN978
0470400180.
"Blender3DDesign,Spring2008"(https://web.archive.org/web/20110720000311/http://ocw.tufts.edu/Course/57).
TuftsOpenCourseWare.TuftsUniversity.2008.Archivedfromtheoriginal(http://ocw.tufts.edu/Course/57)onJuly
20,2011.RetrievedJuly23,2011.
"ReleaseLogs"(https://www.blender.org/development/releaselogs/).Blender.org.BlenderFoundation.Retrieved
July23,2011.

Externallinks
Officialwebsite(https://www.blender.org/)
Wikibookshasabookon
BlenderWiki(http://wiki.blender.org/)
thetopicof:Blender3D:
BlenderStackExchange(Questions&Answers)(http://blender.st NoobtoPro
ackexchange.com/)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blender_(software) 16/17
2017615 Blender(software)Wikipedia

BlenderArtistsCommunity(http://www.blenderartists.org/foru WikimediaCommonshas
m/) mediarelatedtoBlender
BlenderNation:Blendernewssite(http://www.blendernation.co (software).
m/)
BlenderArtMagazine:AbimonthlyBlendermagazineforBlenderlearners(http://www.blenderart.org/)
BlenderNPR:DedicatedtoStylizeandNonPhotorealisticRendering(http://blendernpr.org/)

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