DEHN Spark - Gap CHARACTERISTICS PDF

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 11.12.
07 / 5392
Ex Isolating Spark Gaps
EXFS 100 (923 100)

and
EXFS 100 KU (923 101)
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

Ex isolating spark gap EXFS 100; Part No. 923 100
Product description / Specifications
Lightning impulse current (10/350 s): 100 kA
Ex isolating spark gap EXFS 100
according to EN 50164-3 Class of lightning current
for lightning equipotential bonding carrying capability: H
according to IEC 62305-3, Nominal discharge current (8/20 s): 100 kA
especially for use in hazardous areas on
Rated impulse sparkover
account of explosive gas or dust voltage (1.2/50 s): 1250 V
atmospheres in zone 1 / 2 or 21 / 22.
Power frequency sparkover
ATEX-certified (94/9/EG)
voltage (50Hz): 500 V
Rated short-duration power

frequency withstand voltage (50 Hz): 250 V
Rated discharge current (50 Hz): 500 A / 0.5 s
With M10x25 connection bolt and spring washer on both

sides
Gases: II 2G Ex d IIC T6
Dusts: II 2D Ex tD A21 IP67 T 80C
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 14.01.08 / 5240e
EC-Type Examination Certificate for
EXFS 100 (KU); Part No. 923 100 (923 101)
EXAM
BBG Prf- und Zertifizier GmbH
Document:
BVS 06 ATEX E 099
(17) Special conditions for safe

use
None
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 14.01.08 / 5237
Ex isolating spark gaps
Examples of use

Application environment
Isolating spark gaps or protective spark gaps are
supposed to establish a galvanic isolation of electric
parts of the installation, which are not connected with
each other under normal operating conditions.
- Specific applications:
for establishing a galvanic isolation of insulating
flanges and insulated couplings (e.g. fuel pipes)
Cathodic corrosion protection of tanks
Cathodic corrosion protection of pipelines
Lightning equipotential bonding of gas pressure regulation stations
Assembly:
Isolating spark gaps can be mounted between the parts of the installation to be bridged
by means of brackets or connectors. When mounting isolating sparks, the shortest
possible cable length should be used as long cables increase the danger of inductive
voltages putting unnecessary stress on the isolation.
Application
Cathodic corrosion protection of tank installations
EXFS
100
building earth
Insulating flange of fuel or product pipelines
EXFS
100
insulating flange
EXFS
100
gas pressure regulator
insulating flange
Installation of EXFS 100
detail electric actuator, e.g. MOV (motor operated
valve)
cathodic
EXFS corrosion protection
100
16 mm Cu
Insulating
flange ground
earth-termination system
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 14.01.08 / 5305e_c
Ex isolating spark gaps EXFS 100 (KU)
Application
Reference: Schwelm Anlagentechnik GmbH, Austria
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 14.01.08 / 5317e_b
5 Steps for
selection and correct installation
of Ex isolating Spark Gaps in
accordance with
AfK Recommendation No. 5
Edition: 2010
and
IEC 62561-3:2011 (81/387/CDV)

Manfred Kienlein DEHN + SHNE
GMBH + CO.KG
SALES DEPT. INDUSTRY HANS-DEHN-STR. 1

MARKET MANAGER POSTFACH 1640
LIGHTNING AND SURGE PROTECTION D-92306 NEUMARKT
TEL. +49 9181 906 401
eMail: manfred.kienlein@dehn.de FAX +49 9181 906 55 401
Internet: http://www.dehn.de
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

1. Step
Lightning Protection Level (LPL)
acc. to IEC 62305-1

Risk of lighting strikes and overvoltage for pipelines
Current distribution
When lightning strikes a pipeline,

the lightning current is evenly
distributed in both directions (50:50
rule). This means that the following
maximum parameters must be
S1
taken into account for the spark gap
and its installation environment

Ex isolating spark gaps - Selection procedure in
accordance with AfK -
AfK recommendation No. 5: Lightning current parameters
In the following the maximum values of the first short stroke for the
different lightning protection levels (LPL) (see Table 5 of IEC 62305-1) are
used.
The lightning protection level is used to implement protection measures
according to the relevant set of lightning current parameters.
The parameters for the subsequent negative short stroke are neglected
since no significantly high current steepness is to be expected (values
based on experience over the last decades) if lightning current is coupled
(galvanic coupling) into the pipeline at the place of installation of the
spark gap (insulating piece).

accordance with AfK No. 5 and IEC 62305-1
Current parameters Symbol Unit I II III IV
First short stroke LPL
Peak current I kA 200 150 100
Short stroke charge Qshort C 100 75 50
Specific energy W/R
MJ/ 10 5.6 2.5
Time parameters T1/T2 s/s 10/350
Average steepness di/dt kA/s 20 15 10
Ref.: Excerpt from IEC 62305-1:2006-1, Table 5

accordance with AfK No. 5 and IEC 62305-1
When lightning strikes a pipeline, the lightning current is evenly

distributed in both directions (50:50 rule). This means that the following
maximum parameters must be taken into account for the spark gap and
its installation environment:
Current parameters Symbol Unit I II III IV
First short stroke LPL
Peak current I kA 100 75 50
Short stroke charge Qshort C 50 37.5 25
Specific energy W/R
MJ/ 5 2.8 1.25
Time parameters T1/T2 s/s 10/350
Average steepness di/dt kA/s 10 7.5 5
Maximum lightning current parameters for connecting cables

accordance with AfK -
Thus, in the following the average steepness of the first short stroke is
used for assessing the voltage drop in all connecting cables.
It is certainly possible that lightning directly strikes the insulating piece or
the spark gap. This, however, needs to be prevented by taking adequate
external lightning protection measures in accordance with IEC 62305-3.

2. Step
voltage withstand capability of
insulating joints
acc. AfK No. 5

Voltage withstand capability of insulating joints
AfK recommendation No. 5:
Two classifications:
Class 1 UPW : 5 kVrms

Insulating joint
Class 2 UPW : 2.5 kVrms UPW
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011 22.12.2010 / 5321e_e
3. Step
connection cable length
acc. AfK No. 5

Max. cable length of connection cables
Depending on the max. current steepness
of the first short stroke for the relevant
class of LPS (LPL) and the connecting
cable length, the electric strength of the
insulating piece might be exceeded due to
the voltage drop across the connecting
cable.
This might already occur (based on a class

I insulating piece and class of LPS I ) for a
cable length of more than 300 mm (for this
Note:
reason the standard connecting cable Connection cable min. 16
lengths are limited to 300mm). mm Cu or equal
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011 22.12.2010 / 5320e_a_MAK
Connecting cable lengths
(di/dt)max
(di/dt)max
L

of the connecting
R
cable

Ref.: Hasse, P.: berspannungsschutz fr Niederspannungsanlagen, TV - Verlag GmbH, Kln, 1998

4. Step
selection of spark gap
acc. AfK No. 5

technical data
AfK recommendation No. 5: Selection and installation

Adequate explosion-proof isolating spark gaps should feature the
following characteristics:
Tested in accordance with IEC 62561 -3
Lightning current carrying capability: class H or N
d.c. sparkover voltage: > 600 V 1)
100 % lightning impulse sparkover voltage (1.2/50 s): 1.25 kV

1) Normally > at the place of installation

technical data

Rated discharge current (8/20 s): 100 kA
Lightning impulse current Iimp (10/350 s): 100 kA (H), 50 kA (N)
Rated withstand voltage (50 Hz): 250 V 1)

1) Normally > at the place of installation

technical data

Rated alternating discharge current (50 Hz): 500 A / 0.5s 2)
IECEx and ATEX certification for the relevant hazardous zone at the
place of installation
2) Max. discharge current in case of interference at the place of installation

5. Step
coordination
spark gap to insulating joints
acc. AfK No. 5

Mode of Operation of
Ex isolating Spark Gaps

Mode of operation
Isolate = Circuit open
ISOLATE During normal operation the EXFS 100 isolating spark gap has a high
resistance (> 500 kOhms). Normal operation of the system is thus not
compromised.
Trigger = Circuit closes

As soon as the sparkover voltage Uag or Uas is reached, the EXFS 100
TRIGGER isolating spark gap immediately triggers and reduces the voltage to a safe
level.
Discharge = Circuit closed
After the EXFS 100 isolating spark gap triggered, it discharges the energy
DISCHARGE content of the interference pulse without posing a risk to the environment.
Extinguish = Circuit opens

After the energy of the interference pulse has been discharged, the EXFS
100 isolating spark gap extinguishes and changes back to normal
EXTINGUISH operation. The original electrical characteristics are retained and the
system is protected again.

compliance with AfK -
AfK recommendation No. 5: Coordination Ex isolating spark gaps /
insulating joints
Coordination between the insulating clearance of the insulating joints and

the associated spark gap is to ensure that the discharge process
following a lightning discharge is performed via the spark gap and not via
the insulating clearance of the insulating joints .
The isolating spark gap thus represents a defined flashover point which
prevents discharge with uncontrolled sparking. At the same time, ignition
of an explosive atmosphere is prevented.
Coordination during lightning discharge is basically ensured if the voltage
caused by the discharge process does not reach the value of the electric
strength across the insulation of the insulating joints .
Voltage characteristic for insulating joints in case of
lightning effects (schematic)
insulating joints

Trigger function
Trigger = Circuit closes

As soon as the sparkover voltage Uag or Uas is reached, the EXFS 100
TRIGGER isolating spark gap immediately triggers and reduces the voltage to a safe
level.

accordance with AfK - Trigger function
insulating joints
The following requirements are to be fulfilled to ensure insulation

coordination:
The impulse sparkover voltage Uas (1.2 / 50 s) of the spark gap must be
50 % smaller than the r.m.s. power-frequency test voltage UPW of the
insulating joints .
Requirement: Uas <= UPW / 2
e.g. class 2 insulating piece: UPW = 2.5 kV
Impulse sparkover voltage Uas: <= 1.25 kV (1.2 / 50 s) of the isolating

spark gap
EXFS 100 (KU) Ex isolating spark gaps
Trigger function
AfK recommendation No. 5:
The impulse sparkover voltage (1.2/50) of the isolating spark gap should
be below 50% of the 50 Hz power-frequency flashover voltage (r.m.s. value)
of the insulating joints .
Uas
Uas 0.5 * UPW
Class 1: UPW = 5 kV
Class 2: UPW = 2.5 kV
UPW.
Class 1 insulating joints : Uas 0.5 * 5 kV

Uas 2.5 kV
Class 2 insulating joints : Uas 0.5 * 2.5 kV

Uas 1.25 kV
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011 22.12.2010 / 5321e_e
accordance with AfK - Trigger function
insulating joints
The impulse sparkover voltage (1.2 / 50 s) is determined and specified in

a test procedure in accordance with IEC 62561 -3. This ensures that
changes of the impulse sparkover voltage as a result of ageing and thus
of the coordination requirement are excluded / considered.

Discharge function
Discharge = Circuit closed

After the EXFS 100 isolating spark gap has triggered, it
DISCHARGE discharges the energy content of the interference pulse
without posing a risk to the environment.

Ex isolating spark gaps - Selection procedure
according to AfK - Discharge function
insulating piece
The following requirements are to be fulfilled to ensure insulation

coordination:
After the spark gap has triggered, the max. voltage drop between the
connecting points of the Ex isolating spark gap (Umax) must not exceed
the peak value of the power-frequency test voltage ().
Requirement: Umax <
e.g. class 1 insulating piece: UPW = 5 kV; = 7 kV

according to AfK - Discharge function
AfK recommendation No. 5: Determination of the connecting cable length
Spark gap
Insulation

calculation according to AfK No. 5
AfK recommendation No. 5: Formulas for calculating the voltage drop
insulating piece
(depends on the Ex isolating spark gap)

AfK recommendation No. 5: Sample calculation
Installation height H of the loop: 15 cm
Connecting point clearance (cable length) SL: 70 cm
Total length of connecting cables l = SL + 2 * H = 100 cm
Ex isolating spark gap used: EXFS 100
Type of conductor: flexible circular conductor, 25 mm, Cu (rho = 0.0178
Ohms * mm / m); L = 1 H / m
Class 1 insulating flange (5 kVrms) = 5 kV x Sqr (2) = 7 kV
spark gap
insulation

Umax = Ubo + Imax * RL + L * di / dt

Ubo = 30 V (const.)
Iimp = 100 kA (wave form 10/350 s) di / dt = 10 kA / s
RL = rho * l / A = (0.0178 Ohms * mm / m) * 1 m / 25 mm = 0.712 mOhms
L = 1 H / m (typical value)
insulating joint
(depends on the Ex isolating spark gap)

Umax = 30 V + 100 kA * 0.712 mOhms + 1 H * 10 kA / s

Umax = 10.10 kV
Umax [10.10 kV] > [7 kV]
Coordination requirements not fulfilled !!!

spark gap
insulation

Voltage drop depending on the connecting cables
Voltage drop [kV]
steepness:
LPL 1
steepness:
LPL 2
steepness:
LPL 3
Connecting cable length [cm]

Measures according to AfK No. 5
AfK recommendation No. 5: Measures to be taken if the coordination

requirement is not fulfilled
Parallel connection of spark gaps
If the voltage drop Umax exceeds the value of the test voltage UPW specified
for the insulating piece (e.g. class 1: 5 kVrms), this can be compensated by
installing additional spark gaps.


Insulation coordination is assured if the number of spark gaps (down
conductors N) multiplied with the peak value of the test voltage of the
insulating piece () is equal to or greater than the value calculated for the
voltage drop across all connecting cables (Umax).
Requirement: >= Umax / N
Note:
Type of spark gap and cable length have to be the same


Formula: N = Umax / = 10.10 kV : 7 kV 2
N: number of spark gaps
In order to protect the insulating piece, two spark gaps must be

installed in parallel (symmetrical arrangement) at the flange.
If several spark gaps are connected in parallel, the spark gaps ignite one
after the other and the electric strength of the insulating piece is never
exceeded.


Note:
It is advisable to perform a type test (verification of coordination between
insulating piece and spark gap with connecting cables) for the parallel
arrangement of spark gaps with insulating piece in an impulse current
laboratory with the relevant lightning current parameters according to the
LPL.


spark gap
Parallel routing of the feed and return cable
Parallel routing of the feed and return cable DIN rail
terminals
(might be additionally twisted) e.g. if the spark e.g. measur-
gap is installed above ground. ing pile
concrete
reinforcement foundation
Coaxial cable arrangement e.g. if

the spark gap is installed above ground (see
Figure B.1)
coaxial cable:
sheath at least 1 x 162
tube at least 1 x 162
e.g. type 1/2
isolating point Cu 2Y 75 Ohms


spark gap
Parallel routing of the feed and return cable
Note: DIN rail
terminals
It is advisable to perform a type test (verification e.g. measur-
ing pile
of coordination between insulating piece and concrete
spark gap with connecting cables) for the reinforcement foundation
parallel arrangement of spark gaps with

insulating piece in an impulse current laboratory
with the relevant lightning current parameters
coaxial cable:
according to the LPL. sheath at least 1 x 162
tube at least 1 x 162
e.g. type 1/2
isolating point Cu 2Y 75 Ohms

Type Tests for Insulating Joints with
Ex isolating Spark Gaps

Test Set-up

Schematic test set-up
Lightning current generator
200 kA, 10/350 s
Connecting cable
length l (25 mm2)
External
EXFS 100
spark gap
Insulating joint

Photo of the test set-up
Impulse current generator
200 kA, 10/350 s
Earthing
Insulating joint Injection of

at the pipeline impulse current




Oscillograms of the impulse current test
Wave form 10 / 350 s
Total current
Total current
current through
Current flowing EXFS
through the external EXFS
spark gap
Oscillogram 1: Test 1 - Connecting cable length of 40 cm

Oscillograms of the impulse current test
Wave form 10 / 350 s
Total current
Total current
current through
Current flowing throughEXFS
the external EXFS spark gap
Oscillogram 2: Test 2 - Connecting cable length of 60 cm

EXFS 100 (923 100)
and
EXFS 100 KU (923 101)
-
more than just spark gaps

EXFS 100 -
more than just an isolating spark gap
Lightning impulse current (10/350): 100 kA
Class of lightning current

carrying capability: H
Test acc. to EN 50164-3 - Lightning
Rated short-duration power frequency protection
withstand voltage (50Hz): 250 V
Rated impulse sparkover

voltage (1.2/50): 1250 V
AfK-recommendation
A.c. sparkover voltage (50 Hz): 300 V
Nominal discharge current (8/20): 100 kA
Rated discharge current (50 Hz): 500 A / 0.5 s Testing of further practice
relevent loadings
Connection enclosure with M10 x 25 of the spark gap
connection bolt and spring washer on both sides
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 14.01.08 / 5297e_a
Pipelines affected by interferences
lightning strike
earth fault / electromagnetic

short-circuit current interference
pipeline
earth electrode leakage currents caused earth electrode
by electrical railway systems
Sources of interference can be
leakage currents
caused by electrical railway systems
galvanic pulse injection via the soil
electromagnetic fields
caused by high-voltage transmission lines
inductive pulse injection
earth faults and short circuits
caused by high-voltage transmission lines
galvanic / inductive pulse injection
lightning interference
caused by thunderstorms
galvanic / inductive pulse injection
EXFS 100 -
additionally
transient switch for controlling
switch of short-term interferences
of high-voltage systems
(up to 500 ms)
Non-standard parameters
from practice

EXFS 100 -
If pipeline systems are in the influence area of high-voltage systems, the spark gap has to
carry high alternating currents in case of response.
This short-term interference (AfK recommendation No. 3) causes a thermal loading which
can damage the spark gap.
The max. break-time at earth faults is approx. 0.5 seconds.
By the rated discharge current thus a

max. admissible 50 Hz current load is defined,
which can be carried by the EXFS 100 (KU) for a certain time.
The specified value for the EXFS 100 (KU) is: 500 A @ 0.5 s
Within the test scope it had to be proved that

the EXFS 100 (KU) will not be damaged electrically / mechanically,
the limit temperature for the temperature class T6 (85 C at 40C ambient
temperature) on the enclosure surface will not be exceeded and
after the test the rated values according to EN 50164-3 are kept again.
EXFS 100 -
50 Hz test
kV 1.0
0.5 EUT_01: U_total
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
kA 1.0 EUT_01: I_follow Before and after the test:
a.c. withstand voltage: 250V
0.5 impusle sparkover voltage: 1250V
leakage resistance: 500 k
0.0
test voltage: 600 V / 50 Hz
-0.5 test current: 500 A
duration: 0.5 s
-1.0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 s
EXFS 100 -
50 Hz test
Ex protection safety during the whole
C 70 duration of interference!
Test_01: Temperature Heating by 40 K
65
max. surface temperature < 85 C
60
keeping of T6
55
50
45
40
35
30
heating 40K
25
20
0 100 200 300 400 500 s
Competitors on the EXFS 100 (KU)
- OBO Bettermann
- Leutron
- Hakel

Ex isolating spark gaps - Competitors
Comparison DEHN EXFS 100 - OBO PAREX 480
EXFS 100 PAREX 480
Rated impulse sparkover voltage (1.2/50 s): 1250 V 50%)

3000 V (
min: 1500 V / max: 4500 V
A.c. sparkover voltage (50 Hz): 500 V 50%)
1000 V (
min: 500 V / max: 1500 V
D.c. sparkover voltage: > 600 V
Nominal discharge current (8/20 s): 100 kA 100 kA
Lightning impulse current (10/350 s): 100 kA 100 kA
Class of lightning current carrying
capability acc. to EN 50164-3: H H
Rated power frequency withstand voltage (50 Hz): 250 V
Max. d.c. continuous operating voltage: 350 V
Rated discharge current (50 Hz): 500 A / 0.5 sec.
EXFS 100 PAREX 480
EC-type examination certification: BVS 06 ATEX E 099 BVS 04 ATEX E 054

Explosion protection - gases: II 2G Ex d IIC T6 II 2G EEx d IIC T6
- dusts: II 2D Ex tD A21
IP67 T 80C not certificated
for dust
Degree of protection: IP 67
Ambient temperature: (-20 ... +40)C (-20 ... +50)C
Remarks to OBO / PAREX 480:

No test units available;
the data sheet, however, specifies Risol 100 M

no KU types for underground application
with a connecting cable length of 180 mm, 250 mm

or 350 mm only at one side
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 14.01.08 / 5322e_d
Ex isolating spark gap - Competitors
Comparison DEHN EXFS 100 - LEUTRON TC 100 A
EXFS 100 TC 100 A
Rated impulse sparkover voltage (1.2/50 s): 1250 V 950 V (typ. 650 V)
A.c. sparkover voltage (50 Hz): 500 V 70 V (
20%)
max: 84 V
D.c. sparkover voltage: > 600 V 100 V (
20%)
capability according to EN 50164-3: H N
Comparison DEHN - LEUTRON TC 100 A
EXFS 100 TC 100 A
EC-type examination certification: BVS 06 ATEX E 099 ZELM 02 ATEX 0095X

Explosion protection - gases: II 2G Ex d IIC T6 II 2G EEx m II T3
IP67 T 80C
Degree of protection: IP 67 IP 67
Comparison DEHN EXFS - LEUTRON TC 500 A
EXFS 100 TC 500 A
Rated impulse sparkover voltage (1.2/50 s): 1250 V 1300 V (typ. 950 V)
A.c. sparkover voltage (50 Hz): 500 V 350 V (
15%)
D.c. sparkover voltage: < 600 V 500 V (
15%)
Class of lightning current
carrying capability according to EN 50164-3: H N
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 14.01.08 / 5323e_c
Comparison DEHN EXFS - LEUTRON TC 500 A
EXFS 100 TC 500 A
EC-type examination certification: BVS 06 ATEX E 099 ZELM 02 ATEX 0095X

Explosion protection - gases: II 2G Ex d IIC T6 II 2G EEx m II T3
IP67 T 80C
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 14.01.08 / 5323e_d
LEUTRON TC 100 A and TC 500 A
Remarks to LEUTRON TC100 A And TC 500 A:

There are special requirements (X behind certification number);
such as EXFS C1 (923 070)
equalising currents enclosure
50 V dc constantly must not be exceeded
isolating spark gap to be installed free from mechanical tensions
the isolating spark gap has to be installed so that it is protected against direct weather
influences
Fail Safe - performance
no test units available; specification in the data sheet Risol 109

KU-type available for underground application
connecting cable set K1/300 with 30 cm cable length available
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 14.01.08 / 5323e_e
Comparison DEHN EXFS - HAKEL HGS 100Ex
EXFS 100 HS 100 Ex
Rated impulse sparkover voltage (1.2/50 s): 1250 V < 1500 V

A.c sparkover voltage (50 Hz): 500 V > 500 V
D.c sparkover voltage: > 600 V 400 - 750 V
capability according to EN 50164-3: H
Rated power frequence withstand voltage (50 Hz): 250 V
Comparison DEHN EXFS - HAKEL HGS 100Ex
EXFS 100 HS 100 Ex
EC-type examination certification: BVS 06 ATEX E 099 FTZ 04 ATEX 0255X

Explosion protection - gases: II 2G Ex d IIC T6 II 2GD EEx m II T3
IP67 T 80C
no permission for
dusts
Thank you for your
attention
For further information about lightning protection

please visit us on our STAND No. U25
2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011 11.12.07 / 5392

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2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 11.12.

EXFS 100 (923 100)

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

Rated short-duration power

Rated discharge current (50 Hz): 500 A / 0.5 s

With M10x25 connection bolt and spring washer on both

(17) Special conditions for safe

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

Reference: Schwelm Anlagentechnik GmbH, Austria

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

SALES DEPT. INDUSTRY HANS-DEHN-STR. 1

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

When lightning strikes a pipeline,

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

Ref.: Excerpt from IEC 62305-1:2006-1, Table 5

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

When lightning strikes a pipeline, the lightning current is evenly

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

Class 1 UPW : 5 kVrms

Class 2 UPW : 2.5 kVrms UPW

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

This might already occur (based on a class

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

AfK recommendation No. 5: Selection and installation

Tested in accordance with IEC 62561 -3

Lightning current carrying capability: class H or N

d.c. sparkover voltage: > 600 V 1)

100 % lightning impulse sparkover voltage (1.2/50 s): 1.25 kV

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

Adequate explosion-proof isolating spark gaps should feature the

Rated discharge current (8/20 s): 100 kA

Lightning impulse current Iimp (10/350 s): 100 kA (H), 50 kA (N)

Rated withstand voltage (50 Hz): 250 V 1)

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

Adequate explosion-proof isolating spark gaps should feature the

Rated alternating discharge current (50 Hz): 500 A / 0.5s 2)

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016

Trigger = Circuit closes

Extinguish = Circuit opens

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

Coordination between the insulating clearance of the insulating joints and

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

Trigger = Circuit closes

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

The following requirements are to be fulfilled to ensure insulation

Impulse sparkover voltage Uas: <= 1.25 kV (1.2 / 50 s) of the isolating

Class 1 insulating joints : Uas 0.5 * 5 kV

Class 2 insulating joints : Uas 0.5 * 2.5 kV

The impulse sparkover voltage (1.2 / 50 s) is determined and specified in

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

Discharge = Circuit closed

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

The following requirements are to be fulfilled to ensure insulation

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

2007 DEHN + SHNE / protected by ISO 16016 DEHN UK, 2011

(depends on the Ex isolating spark gap)