1.

1 Transport around the body

Transport in simple organism:
1. large surface area to volume ratios.
2. all cells are very close to the heart.
3. diffusion is fast enough for exchange of nutrients / diffusion (alone) is sufficient;
4. low metabolism (activity).
5. movement of blood back into the heart is fast enough to return blood back into the heart.
6. short diffusion distance, faster diffusion;
7. (gas exchange) occurs through the cell membrane
8. membrane is thin;
9. diffusion;
10. large surface area (to volume ratio);

Transport in large organism:

1. heart needed to pump blood.
2. animals have a small surface area to volume ratio;
3. a circulatory system is needed to overcome limitations of diffusion.
4. many animals have a high metabolic rate;

Mass transport system / related to gas exchanging:

1. mass flow generated by heart ;
2. moving blood helps to maintain concentration ient;
3. a steep concentration ient gives a fast rate of diffusion ;
4. network of capillaries ;
5. large surface area of capillaries.
6. large surface area increases the rate of diffusion ;
7. capillaries have very thin walls ;
8. diffusion is fastest over small distances ;
9. no cells are far away from blood.
10. efficiency is related to double circulation;

Mass transport system / related to heart and circulation:

1. the heart has to pump blood a long way around the body.
2. (therefore) blood needs to be (pumped) at high pressure.
3. blood vessels are needed to contain the blood.
4. double circulatory system;
5. capillaries needed to ensure that all parts of giraffe are close to blood supply
6. need for a circulation to provide oxygen / remove carbon dioxide
1. heart needed to pump blood.
2. animals have a small surface area to volume ratio;
3. a circulatory system is needed to overcome limitations of diffusion.
4. many animals have a high metabolic rate;

Water:
1. water is a solvent ;
2. water is polar
3. polar molecules can dissolve in water ;
4. water is fluid
5. water as a liquid assists mass flow giving cohesion / adhesion, due to the hydrogen between the
slightly negative oxygen and slightly positive hydrogen.