VII Semester BE ECE Subject Name: EC2402 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING Unit I-V 1.Discuss the signal distortion in single mode fibers and also pulse broadening in graded index fibers with necessary equations 2.Discuss the propagation modes in single -mode fiber and Discuss the structure of graded index fiber 3.What are fiber modes? Explain mode theory for optical fibers in detail. 4.Compare Single mode fibers and Graded index fibers. Explain the requirements for fiber materials. 5. What is meant by material dispersion? Derive an expression for material dispersion Derive the expression for wave guide dispersion 6. List the advantages of optical fiber comminication. Draw the elements of an optical fiber transmission link and explain 7. Discuss the mode theory of circular waveguide. 8. Discuss various kinds of losses that an optical signal might suffer while propagating through fiber, Which is most important one? What is the effect of these losses on light power and pulse shape? 9. What is meant by fiber splicing? Explain various types of fiber splicing techniques and fiber connectors 10. Draw the structure of edge emitting and surface emitting LEDs and explain 11. What is meant by heterojunction ? Give example and also Derive the internal quantum efficiency of an LED 12. Explain optical feedback and laser oscillation. Derive the threshold condition for lasing 13. With neat diagram explain the construction and working of high radiance surface emitting LED. 15. Discuss about modulation of Laser diodes. Why thermoelectric cooler are used in Laser diodes? 16. Discuss the LASER diode principle , modes and threshold conditions and also the laser diode structures and radiation patterns 17. An InGaAs pin photodiode has the following parameters at a wavelength of 1300 nm : I D = 4 nA, ? = 0.9, RL = 1000 ohms and the surface leakage current is negligible. The incident optical power is 300 nw (- 35 dBm), and the receiver bandwidth is 20 MHz . Find the various noise terms of the receiver 18.Discuss the principle of operation of APD wiht neat circuit diagram. Also discuss the requirements of photo detector. 19. What is known as quantum limit? A digital fiber optic link operating at 850 nm requires a maximum BER of 10*9. Find the minimum incidental optical power Po to achieve this BER at a data rate of 10 Mb/s for a simple binary level signaling scheme. (ry: 1), [1/r : B/2]. 20. Discuss in detail digital receiver performance calculation and sensitivity calculation in detail. 21. Discuss the operational principles of WDM and Describe the key features of WDM 22. Explain the rise-time budget of a fiber optic point to point link 23. Write short notes on (i) Wavelength routed networks. (ii) Optical CDMA. 24. Explain the architecture of SONET and discuss nonlinear effects on Network performance. 25. What are the system consideration in point to point links? Explain in detail.