PAGE 11

Typical Construction of Transformers

Shell-type
Shell-type
HV Coil
LV Coil Upper Tank
Upper Wedge

Core Clamping Upper Filling

Frame Block

Magnetic e
Shield Cor

Lower Filling
Block
Tongue Wedge &
Magnetic Shield
Lower Wedge Lower Tank
Magnetic Tongue Support
Magnetic Shield
Shield
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 12

Typical Construction of Transformers

Core-type
Core-type
Core Support Cover
Core

Upper End Frame

Pressure Ring

LV Coil Tank
Criteria of Adoption
HV Coil

Voltage[kV]
Press 500 Core-Form Shell-Form
Ring 230
bolt
FDG,Step-down 120
Lower End Frame
Bank
Capacity[MVA]
Insulation Duct
Frame Clamp Bolt

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 13

Typical Construction : Oil Filled Transformer

Conservator
Bushing

Current Transformer
Pressure Relief Device
Oil Level Gauge Cooler
Connecting Valve
Cooling Fan
Buchholz Relay

Dehydrating
Breather
Tank

Radiator
Dial Thermometer
Oil Pump

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 14

General Arrangement of Gen. Step-up TR

Cooler Control
Cabinet LV Bushing
2U 2V 2W

321/380V 444MVA
On-Load TC
OLTC) 1N
Core Grounding
HVN Bushing Bushing

1U 1V 1W Conservator
for Main Tank

Cooler
HV Bushing

Conservator
for OLTC

OLTC Operating Mechanism Oil Pump

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 15

Internal Arrangement of Gen. Step-up TR

2U 2V 2W
OLTC

3 21/380V 444MVA

1N

LV Bushing
1U 1V 1W
HVN Bushing
HV Bushing

Coil

BCT
Core

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 16

General Arrangement of Power Plant Aux. TR

Cooler Control
Cabinet LVN Bushing
2N1
2U1
2V1
2W1 3 16.5/13.8V-13.8V
3 21/13.8V-13.8V 100MVA UNIT TR
90MVA
2N2
2U2
1U 1V 1W 2V2
2W2

De-Energized TC
LV Bushing
DTEC)
Core Grounding Bushing
Conservator
HV Bushing

Radiator
Manual
Operating
Handle of DTC

Cooling Fan

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 17

Internal Arrangement of Power Plant Aux. TR

LVN Bushing
2N1
2U1
2V1
2W1 3 21/13.8V-13.8kV
2N2
2U2
90MVA
2V2
2W2
De-Energized TCDETC)
1U 1V 1W LV Bushing HV Bushing

Core Grounding
Bushing

Coil

Core

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 18

General Arrangement of RO Plant Aux. TR

Cooler Control
LVN Bushing
Cabinet
2N1
2U1
2V1
2W1
3 21/13.8-13.8V 41MVA
2N2
1U 1V 1W 2U2
2V2
2W2

Manual Operating
Handle of DETC LV Bushing
Core Grounding Bushing
Conservator
HV Bushing
Radiator
Cooling Fan

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 19

Internal Arrangement of RO Plant Aux. TR

De-Energized TC(DETC) LVN Bushing
2N1
2U1
2V1
2W1 3 21/13.8-13.8V 41MVA
2N2
2U2
2V2
Manual Operating 2W2

Handle of DETC HV Bushing

1U 1V 1W LV Bushing
BCT

Coil

Core

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 20

General Arrangement of Sea Water Intake Aux. TR

Cooler Control
Cabinet
LVN Bushing
2N
2U

1U 1V 1W
2V 3 21/13.8kV 23MVA
2W

Manual Operating LV Bushing

Handle of DETC
Core Grounding Bushing
Conservator
HV Bushing
Radiator
Cooling Fan

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 21

Internal Arrangement of Sea Water Intake Aux. TR

De-Energized TC(DETC)
LVN Bushing
2N

2U
2V 3 21/13.8kV 23MVA
2W

Manual Operating LV Bushing

Handle of DETC HV Bushing
1U 1V 1W

Coil

Core

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 22

General Arrangement of Gen. Excitation TR

2U 2V 2W

LV Bushing

3 21/0.69V 3160kVA
1U 1V 1W

HV Bushing

Conservator

Radiator

Terminal

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 23

Internal Arrangement of Gen. Excitation TR

2U 2V 2W

3 21/0.69V 3160kVA

1U 1V 1W HV Bushing LV Bushing

Coil
Core
Grounding Core
Busing

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 24

Agenda

General
General Explanation
Explanation of
of Power
Power Transformers
Transformers

Construction
Construction of
of Transformers
Transformers

Oil
Oil preservation
preservation System
System

Tap
Tap Changer
Changer System
System OLTC
OLTC // DETC
DETC

Cooling
Cooling System
System

Other
Other Accessories
Accessories

Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Routine
Routine Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Outage
Outage Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 25

Typical External Construction : Oil Filled Transformer

Conservator
Bushing

Current Transformer
Pressure Relief Device
Oil Level Gauge Cooler
Connecting Valve
Cooling Fan
Buchholz Relay

Dehydrating
Breather
Tank

Radiator
Dial Thermometer

Oil Pump

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 26

Oil Preservation System (Typical) : (Conservator)

Conservator
Conservator For
For Transformer
Transformer Tank
Tank To prevent deterioration of oil
from moisture & oxygen.
To absorb expansion of oil
volume due to change of oil temp.
Air Release Valve Rubber Bag
Conservator
Conservator For
For
Dial-type
Oil Gauge OLTC
OLTC

Breather Buchholz Relay OLTC Protective Relay

Oil-sampling Valve

Rubber Cell Type Conservator

No-moisture
No-oxidation

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 27

Filter Breather

Silica-gel vent Connecting

flange Colorof Blue Good
Silica-gel
Silica-gel
Glass Brown Watch
window
Brown No-good
Dehydrating Pink Replace Damp
chamber Silica-gel With
Pink Dry Silica-gel

How To Re-use Damp Silica-gel

Damp Silica-gel
+ PINK
Oil pot
Set Filter
screw
Silicon oil
Level mark
(red line) 150200
1020Minutes

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 28

Oil level gauge (1/2)

Insulated gear Stator magnet
Pointer
Bevel gear
Micro switch
Cam Gear

Pointer Arm
shaft

Pointer Conservator
Float

Scale plate
Gear
Potentiometer

Glass Case
Rotor magnet

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 29

Oil level gauge (2/2)

Rotor Magnet Dial
Highest Oil Level Positions
10
Stator Magnet
9
Gears 8
Connecting Rod
7
6
N 90
Maximum Travel 5
S
Pointer N 4
S 3
Potentiometer 2
1
Lowest Oil Level
Scale Plate 0

Non-magnetic Float
Sealed Box

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 30

Buchholz Relay

Red marked up point

Float lock device detail

Terminal
Microswitch
Box
Gas Release Separator Box
Piping Rotor Magnet
Float Lock
Stator Magnet Device
Inspection Window

Float
(for light fault-
detection of gas)

Float
(for heavy fault-
detection of oil flow)

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 31

Buchholz Relay (alarm)

Conservator
S1
Buchholz Relay A/gas

Tank Float F1
Bubbles Of Gas

Overheat
Partial Discharge

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 32

Buchholz Relay(trip)

Conservator

Buchholz Relay S2

Oil Flow

Tank

Arc Float F2

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 33

Agenda

General
General Explanation
Explanation of
of Power
Power Transformers
Transformers

Construction
Construction of
of Transformers
Transformers

Oil
Oil preservation
preservation System
System

Tap
Tap Changer
Changer System
System OLTC
OLTC // DETC
DETC

Cooling
Cooling System
System

Other
Other Accessories
Accessories

Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Routine
Routine Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Outage
Outage Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 34

OLTC Connection Diagram of HV Winding

Gen. Step-up TR
Voltage Table & Tap Connection.

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 35

Typical Tap Changer System (OLTC)

Inclination at least a continuous 2%

a - On-load tap-changer
oil compartment
f
b - On-load tap-changer head
c - Protective relay RS 2001
d - Stop valve
e - Oil conservator
f - Filter Breather
g - Motor drive
g

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 36

a,d : Main arcing contact Current carrying contact

Current carrying
b,c : Resistor contact contact Even-NO side
4 3 2
Diverter shaft
(a) In service on odd-NO

(b) Current carrying contact off. Odd-NO side

b contact on.
Insulation sector

(c) a contact off.

(d) c contact on

(e) b contact off

(f) d contact on

(g) In service on even-NO

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 37

Tap Changer System (R-1200) Typical For Gen. Step-up TR

A B AB
C D

Spring energy accumulator

CD

Diverter SW
EF

F
E

Fine tap selector Change-over selector

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 38

Tap Changer System (RS2001)

Permanent magnet

Test button Test

IN SERVICE button
OFF
Flap
valve Reed
switch

Cover open

Position IN Position
SERVICE OFF

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 39

Tap Changer System (Motor Drive Unit ED) - Typical

Tap Change indication

LOC-REM Position indicator

RAISE-LOWER Operation counter

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 40

De-Energized Tap-ChangerPower Plant Aux. TR

Moving Contact

Stationary Contact

Insulating
Drive Shaft

Moving Contact

Stationary
Contact
Insulating Frame

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 41

Manual handle for DETC (Power Plant Aux. TR )

Transfor- Gasket
mer tank
Worm heel Gear case
Tap position dial

Braking
protrusion Manual handle

Set bolt
Output
shaft
Handle shaft

Peep window
Worm
Stopper pin

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 42

Voltage Table & Tap Connection

RO Plant Aux. TR

Sea Water Intake Aux. TR

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 43

Manual handle for DETC

Sea Water Intake Aux. TR

RO Plant Aux. TR

O-ring

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 44

Agenda

General
General Explanation
Explanation of
of Power
Power Transformers
Transformers

Construction
Construction of
of Transformers
Transformers

Oil
Oil preservation
preservation System
System

Tap
Tap Changer
Changer System
System OLTC
OLTC // DETC
DETC

Cooling
Cooling System
System

Other
Other Accessories
Accessories

Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Routine
Routine Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Outage
Outage Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 45
Cooling System
(Forced Oil Forced Air Cooling)

Radiator

Cooling Fan
Hot Oil
Hot
Air Cool Air
Core

Hot
Air Cool Air
Coil

Cooled Oil

Oil Pump

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 46

Cooling System Oil Filled Natural Cooling

Hot Air

Hot Oil

Core

Coil

Cool Air
Cooled Oil

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 47

Cooling System
AEF -Type Cooler
AEF-Type Cooler for
for ODAF
ODAF

Discharge value

Cooling fan box Slit Fin - Cooling Pipes

Structural Drawing
Cooling fan
Cooler
Element pipes
Fan guard Fins
TR
Air flow
direction Slits

Terminal box
Oil flow
indicator
Oil pump

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 48

Radiator Valve

Handle

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 49

Cooling Fan (Outline)

Mounting flame
Mounting
holes
Blade
AIR
Boss
FLOW

Three phase
Induction motor

ing
o lv on
ev cti
R ire Guard
d

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 50

Oil Pump

Casing Terminal
box

Oling
Stator

Impeller Rotor
Bearing

Frame

Shaft

Bearing Name plate

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 51

Oil Flow Indicator

Silicagel- Mounting holes(4-19holes,

Magnet box PC145)
Pointer
Scale plate

Vane
Diaphragm
STOP
RUN

Balancing
spring
Micro-switch

Mounting frange Terminal-box G1/2 Screw

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 52

Cooler Control (Gen. Step-Up TR)

Control SW Operation of Unit Coolers
No. 1/3/5 Coolers are controlled by control SW 3-88CA.
MANU
No. 2/4 Coolers are controlled by control SW 3-88CB.
43C No. 1/3/5 Coolers are started when transformer is energized.
AUTO No. 2/4 Coolers are started when winding temperature
reached to 65 oC or oil temperature reached to 55 oC.
Lamp Description
WL Power Source POWER SOURCE
400V 60Hz
GL1 No.1/3/5 Cooler OFF 3-PHASE 3-WIRE

GL2 No.2/4 Cooler OFF 52CM

RL1 No.1/3/5 Cooler ON
RL2 No.2/4 Cooler ON 88CA 88CB

52C1 52C3 52C5 52C2 52C4

49F 49F 49P 49F 49F 49P 49F 49F 49P 49F 49F 49P 49F 49F 49P
11 13 1 31 33 3 51 53 5 21 23 2 41 43 4

FM FM PM FM FM PM FM FM PM FM FM PM FM FM PM

No.1 COOLER No.3 COOLER No.5 COOLER No.2 COOLER No.4 COOLER

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 53

Cooler Control (Gen. Step-Up TR)

Arrangement
Arrangement of
of Control
Control Devices
Devices
Fault Indicators: Total 20 Card Holder
- Buchholz relay
- Oil/Winding temp. Display Panel
- Pressure relief device Reset Button
- Cooler abnormal etc. Normal Faulty Continual Faulty
Cabinet Lighting
MCCBs
(Signal Lamp)
Contactors

WL GL1 RL1 GL2 RL2

Overload Relays
(Control SW)
43C 3-88CA 3-88CB Heater
SW

Terminal Blocks
Outlet Inner
Inner Panel
Panel Rear
Rear Wall
Wall for External Cables

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 54

Cooler Control (Power Plant Aux. TR)

Control SW Operation of Cooling Fans

MANU Cooling fans are controlled by control SW 3-88F.

43F
Cooling fans are started when winding temperature reached
AUTO
to 75 oC or oil temperature reached to 65 oC.
POWER SOURCE
Lamp Description 400V 60Hz
3-PHASE 3-WIRE
WL Power Source
GL Cooling Fan OFF 52M
RL Cooling Fan ON

52F

88F1 88F2 88F3 88F4 88F5 88F6

49F1 49F2 49F3 49F4 49F5 49F6

FM FM FM FM FM FM

COOLING FAN

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 55

Cooler Control (Power Plant Aux. TR)

Arrangement
Arrangement of
of Control
Control Devices
Devices
Fault Indicators: Total 16 Card Holder
- Buchholz relay
- Oil/Winding temp. Display Panel
- Pressure relief device Reset Button
- Cooler abnormal etc. Normal Faulty Continual Faulty
Cabinet Lighting
MCCBs
(Signal Lamp)

WL GL RL

(Control SW) Contactors with

Overload Relays
43F 3-88F Heater
SW

Terminal Blocks
for External Cables
Outlet Inner
Inner Panel
Panel Rear
Rear Wall
Wall

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 56

Cooler Control (RO Plant Aux. TR)

Control SW Operation of Cooling Fans

MANU Cooling fans are controlled by control SW 3-88F.

43F
Cooling fans are started when winding temperature reached
AUTO
to 75 oC or oil temperature reached to 65 oC.
POWER SOURCE
Lamp Description 400V 60Hz
3-PHASE 3-WIRE
WL Power Source
GL Cooling Fan OFF 52M
RL Cooling Fan ON

52F

88F1 88F2 88F3 88F4

49F1 49F2 49F3 49F4

FM FM FM FM

COOLING FAN

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 57

Cooler Control (RO Plant Aux. TR)

Arrangement
Arrangement of
of Control
Control Devices
Devices
Fault Indicators: Total 16 Card Holder
- Buchholz relay
- Oil/Winding temp. Display Panel
- Pressure relief device Reset Button
- Cooler abnormal etc. Normal Faulty Continual Faulty
Cabinet Lighting
MCCBs
(Signal Lamp)

WL GL RL

(Control SW) Contactors with

Overload Relays
43F 3-88F Heater
SW

Terminal Blocks
for External Cables
Outlet Inner
Inner Panel
Panel Rear
Rear Wall
Wall

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 58

Cooler Control (Sea Water Intake Aux. TR)

Control SW Operation of Cooling Fans

MANU Cooling fans are controlled by control SW 3-88F.

43F
Cooling fans are started when winding temperature reached
AUTO
to 75 oC or oil temperature reached to 65 oC.
POWER SOURCE
Lamp Description 400V 60Hz
3-PHASE 3-WIRE
WL Power Source
GL Cooling Fan OFF 52M
RL Cooling Fan ON

52F

88F

49F

FM

COOLING FAN

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 59

Cooler Control (Sea Water Intake Aux. TR)

Arrangement
Arrangement of
of Control
Control Devices
Devices
Fault Indicators: Total 16 Card Holder
- Buchholz relay
- Oil/Winding temp. Display Panel
- Pressure relief device Reset Button
- Cooler abnormal etc. Normal Faulty Continual Faulty
Cabinet Lighting
MCCBs
(Signal Lamp)

WL GL RL

(Control SW) Contactors with

Overload Relays
43F 3-88F Heater
SW

Terminal Blocks
for External Cables
Outlet Inner
Inner Panel
Panel Rear
Rear Wall
Wall

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 60

Agenda

General
General Explanation
Explanation of
of Power
Power Transformers
Transformers

Construction
Construction of
of Transformers
Transformers

Oil
Oil preservation
preservation System
System

Tap
Tap Changer
Changer System
System OLTC
OLTC // DETC
DETC

Cooling
Cooling System
System

Other
Other Accessories
Accessories

Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Routine
Routine Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Outage
Outage Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 61

External Construction Oil Filled Transformer

Conservator
Bushing

Current Transformer
Pressure Relief Device
Oil Level Gauge Cooler
Connecting Valve
Cooling Fan
Buchholz Relay

Dehydrating
Breather
Tank

Radiator
Dial Thermometer
Oil Pump

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 62

Bushing (1/2)

Condenser Oil Filled Porcelain

Test Tapping

GIS side Transformer side

HV of Gen. Step-up TR LV of Gen. Step-up TR

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 63

Bushing (2/2)
Oil Filled Porcelain

Porcelain

Inner conductor

Insulating oil

HVN of Gen. Step-up TR

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 64

Bushing (2/2)
Porcelain Oil Filled Porcelain

Hanger terminal
Porcelain
Porcelain
Generator LVN Generator HVL
Excitation Excitation LVL
TR TR
Sea Water LVN Inner conductor Sea Water HVL
Intake Intake Aux. LVL
Insulating oil TR
Aux. TR
RO Plant LVN Insulated inner RO Plant HVL
Aux. TR conductor Aux. TR LVN
Generator HVL Generator LVL
Excitation Excitation
TR TR

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 65

External Construction : Oil Filled Transformer

Conservator
Bushing

Current Transformer
Pressure Relief Device
Oil Level Gauge
Cooler
Connecting Valve

Buchholz Relay Cooling

Fan

Dehydrating Breather
Tank

Radiator
Dial Thermometer

Oil Pump

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 66

Pressure Relief Device [Qualitrol Type]

Detail B Detail A

Function :
Protection of Tank from
Over-Pressure
- Internal Fault
- Mis - Handling

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 67

External Construction : Oil Filled Transformer

Conservator
Bushing

Current Transformer
Pressure Relief Device
Oil Level Gauge Cooler
Connecting Valve
Cooling
Buchholz Relay Fan

Dehydrating
Breather
Tank

Radiator
Dial Thermometer

Oil Pump

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 68

Winding Temp. Indicator

Current 11
Transformer 12
13 10
Winding Temp. = Oil temp. + T
14
15
0 0 Insulating
Oil Contact No.
1 Fan Start
(Gen. Desali . TR)
Sensitive
Heating Coil Element
2 Pump Start
(Gen. Tr)

3 Alarm
Tank

4 Trip

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 69

Oil and Winding Temp. Indicator

OIL TEMP. INDICATOR WINDING TEMP. INDICATOR
Wire to
BCT
Gasket Gasket
Sensor port
Oil level Oil level
(3cc/MTO) Sensor (110cc/MTH)
Temperature pointer
Heater
Max.temperature pointer
Capillary tube

Set shaft of
max.tempera-
ture pointer

HEATER

Set temperature
adjust screw

Terminal Cabtyre cable

Container of BCT
name plate desiccant

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 70

Resistance Element Pt 100 (For Remote Winding Temp. Indicator)

Terminal Box

Fixing Nut Pt 100 Heater

Gasket

Bulb (Resistance / Heater)

Well (No Oil)

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 71

Contact Setting Values of Protective devices

Gen. Power Plant RO Plant Sea Water Gen.
Step-up TR Aux. TR Aux. TR Aux.TR Excitation TR
Winding C/ Control #1 65 #1 75 #1 75 #1 75 -
Temp. Alarm #2 115 #2 115 #1 115 #2 115 #1 115
Indicator Trip #3 120 #3 120 #2 120 #3 120 #2 120
C/control #1 55 #1 65 #1 65 #1 65 -
Oil Temp.
Alarm #2 90 #1 90
Indicator
Trip #3 100 #2 100
Buchholz #1 Alarm 450cc gas accumulation
Relay #2 Trip 100cm/sec. 50cm/sec. Oil velocity
Pressure TR Tank 12PSI 12PSI 12PSI 12PSI 12PSI
Relief Device OLTC 20PSI - - - -
Oil Level TR Tank Low
Gauge OLTC Low - - - -
Oil Flow Low flow 600L/min
Indicator - - - -
OLTC Oil flow
Protective speed 3.0m/s - - - -
Device

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 72

Agenda

General
General Explanation
Explanation of
of Power
Power Transformers
Transformers

Construction
Construction of
of Transformers
Transformers

Oil
Oil preservation
preservation System
System

Tap
Tap Changer
Changer System
System OLTC
OLTC // DETC
DETC

Cooling
Cooling System
System

Other
Other Accessories
Accessories

Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Routine
Routine Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Outage
Outage Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 73

Daily Patrol

Appearance check:
Check, visually, the exterior of transformer
whether any abnormality exists or not.

Noise and vibration:

Listen operation sound of transformer and
cooler (oil pump & fan).
In case that any abnormal sound was found out,
investigate the location and vibration.

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 74

Routine Maintenance Check List (1/3)

Major Check Item Check Action to be Taken at outage
Description (Check Method) Reference (If beyond acceptable limit)
1.Cleanliness Dust on radiator No serious Clean by water or air
(Visual) accumulation
Rust on radiator No rust Repaint
(Visual)
2.Unusual Fans, pumps & oil Not abnormal Tighten loose bolts.
noise pipes, etc. Replace bearings of noisy
and vibration (Visual, audible & fan.
touching)
3.Temperature Winding & Oil Abnormally Check cooling system is
temperature high or low functioning in normal.
(Read & record considering Check temperature indicator
and compare load current & itself.
with previous ambient temp. Check heater of WTI
data.)
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 75

Routine Maintenance Check List (2/3)

Major Check Item Check Action to be Taken at outage
Description (Check Method) Reference (If beyond acceptable limit)
4. Oil leaks Oil filled Exchange gasket.
compartments No leakage Adjust oil level (If necessary)
and joints(Visual)
5. Oil level Oil level gauge Oil level-oil Check actual oil level by
(Read & record) temp. curve vinyl hose.
(See page-96) Check oil level gauge &
rubber cell.
Check seal of OLTC
chamber.
Adjust oil level.
(if necessary)
6. Silica-gel Color of silicagel. Blue silicagel, If two thirds of total become
breather Breathing action clean & clear pink, exchange with new one
in oil pot (Visual) oil,breathing or dry them.
action is Exchange silicon oil.
normal. Clean filter in oil pot.

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 PAGE 76

Routine Maintenance Check List (3/3)

Major Check Item Check Action to be Taken at outage
Description (Check Method) Reference (If beyond acceptable limit)
7. Buchholz Gas accumulation No gas Analyze gas.
relay in relay accumulation Analyze dissolved gas in oil,
(Visual) and investigate the reasons.
8. OLTC Oil level Oil level-oil Check the seal of OLTC
(Read & record) temp. curve chamber.
(See Page-96) Adjust oil level to normal.
(if necessary)
Silicagel breather: Same as to item-6 above. (Visual)
9. OLTC Tap position -Read, record and compare with previous
operation (Read and record) data.
mechanism Tap change If operation time is extremely many or few,
indication Investigate reason such as actual voltage
variation, sensitive range of voltage relay.
-Pointer must be within center zone

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 77

Agenda

General
General Explanation
Explanation of
of Power
Power Transformers
Transformers

Construction
Construction of
of Transformers
Transformers

Oil
Oil preservation
preservation System
System

Tap
Tap Changer
Changer System
System OLTC
OLTC // DETC
DETC

Cooling
Cooling System
System

Other
Other Accessories
Accessories

Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Routine
Routine Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Outage
Outage Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
MHI BUSINESS
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 PAGE 78

Outage Maintenance Check List (1/8)

Description Major Check Item Check Reference
(Maintenance Action to be Taken
Freq.) Check Method
(if beyond acceptable limit)
Normal silica gel color is blue.
1. Breather silica Moisture contamination Pink color signifies it has
Gel moisture
Replace the silica gel if more
(Every 6 months) Visual than two third of it has turned
into pink
Main tank : More than 40kV
Dielectric strength
OLTC tank : More than 30kV
Oil tester
(Sphare electrode)
2. Insulating oil Perform oil filtration
IEC pub.60156 or
(Once a year) equivalent
Moisture content Main tank : Less than 30ppm
OLTC tank : Less than 40ppm
Karl-Fischer Method
Perform oil filtration
ASTM-D1533
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 PAGE 79

Outage Maintenance Check List (2/8)

Description Major Check Item Check Reference
(Maintenance Action to be Taken
Freq.) Check Method
(if beyond acceptable limit)
Power factor (Tan d) & Tan d: Less than 0.5%
resistivity Resistivity: More than 1E13
Perform oil filtering &
degassing.
IEC pub.60247 or
If it can not be improved,
equivalent
exchange with new oil is
preferable.
2. Insulating oil
Acidity Acidity: <0.2mg/KOH/g
(Once a year) Acidity: 0.2 ~ 0.4mg/KOG/g:
Filter or replace oil at
IEC Pub.60296 or equivalent
earliest opportunity
Acidity: More than 0.4mg/KOH/g:
Filter immediately
Dissolved gas analysis Refer to page- 97 & 98
Analyze by taking oil sample
Perform internal inspection
IEC pub 60567 or equivalent

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 PAGE 80

Outage Maintenance Check List (3/8)

Description Major Check Item Check Reference
(Maintenance Action to be Taken
Freq.) Check Method
(if beyond acceptable limit)
Fan motor : 1 M
Insulation resistance
Pump motor : 2 M
Measure with 500V Megger Dry out interior of the fan motors
3. Fan and Oil
Pump motors Fan motor : Amb. Temp. +40
Casing temperature
Oil Pump : Oil Temp. +10
(Once every 2 - Check motor insulation
years) resistance
Measure by thermometer - Check motor current of each
phase to ensure there is no
imbalance
4. Control
panel,
Water tightness - No seepage of water
terminal box
and cables
- Replace worn out rubber
Visual
(Once a year) gaskets
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 PAGE 81

Outage Maintenance Check List (4/8)

Description Major Check Item Check Reference
(Maintenance Action to be Taken
Freq.) Check Method
(if beyond acceptable limit)
Tightness of terminal
- Not loosened
connections
Visual and touch - Retighten
4. Control
Switch, lamp and alarm
panel, - No malfunction
function
terminal box
and cables Check with schematics - Replace faulty parts
- Minimum 2 Meg Ohm
Connection cables IR
(Once a year) - No abrasion or crack
Measure with 500V
- Dry out and retest
megger
- Replace damaged cable
Visual
5. Protective Insulation resistance - Minimum 2 Meg Ohm
relays Measure with 500V - Dry out any dew on the
megger terminals
(Once every Connections - No sign of overheating
2 years)
Clean and retighten
Visual
connections

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 PAGE 82

Outage Maintenance Check List (5/8)

Description Major Check Item Check Reference
(Maintenance Action to be Taken
Freq.) Check Method
(if beyond acceptable limit)
5. Protective Smooth operation and contact
Operational tests
relays closing
(Once every
Operation Investigate cause and rectify
2 years)
Insulation resistance
Refer to Page-95
6. Windings (Use a 2000V Megger)
Measure between : Determine the cause of low IR
(Once every 2 -HV and ground value
years) -LV and ground Clean transformer bushing if
-HV and ground necessary
7. Conservator Rubber bag No damage
(When oil level
is abnormal ) Visual Replace
8. Radiator No accumulation of dust.
Dust, rust and paint
No peeling of paint or rust
(Once every
Visual Clean by washing. Repaint
6 months)
MHI BUSINESS
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 PAGE 83

Outage Maintenance Check List (6/8)

Description Major Check Item Check Reference
(Maintenance Action to be Taken
Freq.) Check Method
(if beyond acceptable limit)
9. OLTC Protective relay Contacts operate

(Once a year) Test push button Repair/replace

Water-proof of housing No water in housing
Visual Replace door gasket
Function of space heater Functioning
10. Motor Drive Supply power Remedy or replace
Unit
Condition of equipment No abnormality
(Once a year) Visual Remedy or replace
Stop operation after one tap
Step-by-step operation
changing
Keeping Switch-ON Investigate and remedy

MHI BUSINESS
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 PAGE 84

Outage Maintenance Check List (6/8)

Description Major Check Item Check Reference
(Maintenance Action to be Taken
Freq.) Check Method
(if beyond acceptable limit)
End position switch No operation
10. Motor Drive Switch-ON toward
Investigate and remedy
Unit passage direction
Protective device against
Protective device operate
(Once a year) passage of position
Turn by hand crank toward
Investigate and remedy
passage

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 85

Outage Maintenance Check List (7/8)

Lift-up Inspection of OLTC Diverter Switch (DIV-SW)
Important: - Lift-up inspection of OLTC diverter switch must be done under
supervising of Qualified and MR trained personnel or MR Technical
Service.
- Permissible exposing time of DIV-SW in atmosphere is less than 8
hours.
Description Major Check & Reference
Maintenance Item
OLTC 1) Cleaning of DIV-SW, 1) Inspection Frequency:
Type SW compartment, 80,000 operation times or 7 years
R III 1200Y conservator (whichever comes earlier)
2) Changing of SW oil
(Generator 3) Checking of DIV-SW, 2) DIV-SW has to be replaced if operation
Step-up SW compartment, times exceed 800,000.
Transformer) conservator
4) Measurement of 3) Tap Selector is generally maintenance
contact wear free, however, contact with MR Technical
5) Measuring of Service if number of operation exceed
transition resistance 800,000 times.
6) Checking protective
relay, shaft, drive unit,
etc.

MHI BUSINESS
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 PAGE 86

Outage Maintenance Check List (8/8)

Lift-up Inspection of OLTC Diverter Switch (DIV-SW)
Description Major Reference
Check/Maintenance Item
OLTC -The same items as to 1) Inspection Frequency:
Type R III above- 60,000 operation times or 7 years
1200 (whichever earlier)

( Generator 2) DIV-SW has to be replaced if operation

Transformer ) times exceed 800,000.

3) Tap Selector is generally maintenance

free, however, contact with MR Technical
Service if number of operation exceed
800,000 times.

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 PAGE 87
Guideline for Parts Replacement(1/2)
(Expected Life of Parts)
Expected
Material & Parts Remarks
Life
*Bearings of oil pump Approx. When abnormal noise would be
10 years found out.
*Bearings of fan motor Approx. When abnormal noise would be
3-5 years found out.
*Protective relays Approx. When abnormal function would be
10 years found out.
Gaskets Approx. When oil leakage would be found
10 years out.
*Rubber bag Approx. When damage of rubber bag would
15 years be found out.
Paint Approx. Paint on radiator is very important.
5 years (thin steel plate)
*OLTC diverter SW - Depending on results of periodical
inspection.(contact wear, resister,
insulation material, etc.)
Note for asterisk marks (*)
Before replacing the parts with asterisk mark, please also prepare
the sealing gaskets for reassembly.
MHI BUSINESS
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 PAGE 88

Guideline for Parts Replacement(2/2)

(Expected Life of Parts)
Expected
Material & Parts Remarks
Life
Motor drive ED Approx. When deterioration of gasket would
- Door gasket 10 years be found out.
- Other electrical Approx. When abnormal function would be
parts 10 years found out.
Cooler control Approx. When deterioration of gasket would
panel 10 years be found out.
- Door gasket
- Other electrical Approx. When abnormal function would be
parts 10 years found out.
(Except lamps)

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 89

Agenda

General
General Explanation
Explanation of
of Power
Power Transformers
Transformers

Construction
Construction of
of Transformers
Transformers

Oil
Oil preservation
preservation System
System

Tap
Tap Changer
Changer System
System OLTC
OLTC // DETC
DETC

Cooling
Cooling System
System

Other
Other Accessories
Accessories

Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Routine
Routine Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Outage
Outage Inspection
Inspection &
& Maintenance
Maintenance

Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting
MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL
 PAGE 90

Trouble shooting(1/2)
Fault Possible Cause Remedial Action
Oil and/or winding Overloading Reduce load
temp. Inefficient cooler units:
(High) - Dust & foreign material on - Arrange to clean coolers
radiator - Remedy or replace them
- Faulty operation of fan &
pump
Faulty operation of defective If thermometer indication is
thermometer incorrect:
- Check/adjust oil level in
sensor pocket
- Replace with new
thermometer
(if necessary)
Reduced oil flow Radiator valves shut off Open the valves
Oil pump tripped or stopped Service the motor
(Not reach to
RUN position) Power supply of oil pump motor Correct phase rotation
(Reversed rotation)

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 PAGE 91

Trouble shooting(2/2)
Fault Possible Cause
Oil level Shortage or excess of oil
Oil leakage
(High or Low) Damaged rubber bag in the
conservator
Seal between OLTC and
transformer broken
Buchholz relay Gas formation (minor trouble in
(stage I operates) transformer) because of local
heating or electric discharge
Buchholz relay Sudden pressure rise in tank
(stage II operates) because of internal fault
Pressure release High tank pressure as a result
device operates of internal fault
Remedial Action
Adjust oil level
Locate and repair leak
Replace rubber bag
Replace seal
- Perform dissolved gas analysis
- Perform internal inspection if
necessary
Shut down and investigate the
cause
Shut down and investigate the
cause

OLTC protective Fault in the diverter insert
relay Fault in the whole OLTC
Malfunction of OLTC relay
Lift up inspection of DIV SW.
Internal inspection of Tr.
Remedy or replace with new
relay
MHI BUSINESS
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 PAGE 92

APPENDIX

MHI BUSINESS
CONFIDENTIAL