1

SECTION A : PAPER 2 MULTIPLE CHOICE (10 marks)

1. During evaporation, molecules escape rapidly from the surface of a liquid.

What happens to the average energy of the molecules of the remaining liquid and what
happens to the temperature of the remaining liquid?
average energy of remaining molecules temperature of remaining liquid
A decreases decreases
B decreases increases
C stays the same decreases
D stays the same increases

2. A telephone engineer connects a wire between two poles when the weather is very cold.
He makes the wire very loose. The wire passes over a road.

The weather changes and it becomes very hot.

What could happen to the wire and why?

what could happen why

A it breaks it contracts
B it breaks it expands
C it sags and touches cars on the road it breaks
D it sags and touches cars on the road it expands
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3. In an experiment, a thermometer is placed in a test-tube of hot liquid. The temperature

of the liquid is recorded every half minute. The table shows the results.

What is the melting point of the substance?

A 0C B 33C C 55C D 73C

4. Which statement about the transfer of thermal energy is correct?

A All metals conduct thermal energy equally well.

B Convection can only occur in solids or liquids.
C Convection occurs in liquids because hot liquid is more dense than cold liquid.
D The radiation that transfers thermal energy is a type of electromagnetic radiation.

5. The diagram shows a heater above a thermometer. The thermometer bulb is in the
position shown.

Which row shows how the heat energy from the heater reaches the thermometer bulb?

conduction convection radiation

A yes yes no
B yes no yes
C no yes no
D no no yes
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6 The diagram shows an electric heater being used to heat a beaker of water and an
identical beaker of oil for several minutes.

The temperature of the water and the temperature of the oil increase constantly. The rise
in temperature of the oil is much greater than that of the water.
Why is this?
A The oil has a higher boiling point than water.
B The oil has a higher thermal capacity than water.
C The oil has a lower boiling point than water.
D The oil has a lower thermal capacity than water.

7 An experiment is set up to find out which metal is the best conductor of heat.
Balls are stuck with wax to rods made from different metals, as shown in diagram 1.
The rods are heated at one end. Some of the balls fall off, leaving some as shown in
diagram 2.
Which labelled metal is the best conductor of heat?
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8 Hot liquid in a vacuum flask cools extremely slowly. This is because some methods of
heat transfer cannot take place in a vacuum.
Which methods cannot take place in a vacuum?
A conduction and convection only
B conduction and radiation only
C convection and radiation only
D conduction, convection and radiation

9 Four blocks, made of different materials, are each given the same quantity of internal
energy (heat).
Which block has the greatest thermal capacity?

10 The pressure of a fixed mass of gas in a cylinder is measured. The volume of the gas in
the cylinder is then slowly decreased. The temperature of the gas does not change.
Which graph could show the change of pressure of the gas during this process?
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SECTION B: PAPER 4 EXTENDED (34 marks)

1. A thermometer uses the value of a physical property to indicate the temperature.

(a) A particular thermometer is sensitive, linear and has a wide range.
Draw a straight line from each characteristic of this thermometer to the appropriate
feature.

[3]
(b) Fig. 1.1 shows a typical laboratory liquid-in-glass thermometer.

Fig. 1.1
(i) Name a liquid that is likely to be used in this thermometer.
......................................................................................................................................[1]
(ii) What occupies the space in the tube, between the end of the liquid thread and the
end of the tube?
......................................................................................................................................[1]
(iii) On Fig. 1.1, clearly indicate and label
(1) the ice point,
(2) the steam point.
[2]
(iv) The thermometer is moved into a hotter place.
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(1) State what happens to the position of the end of the liquid thread.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
(2) Explain why this happens.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
[2]
(c) (i) In the space below, draw a diagram to show the structure of a thermocouple
thermometer.

[2]
(ii) Explain why a thermocouple thermometer is particularly well suited to measure
high temperatures,
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total: 12]
2. (a) The following are three statements about boiling.
A liquid boils at a fixed temperature.
During boiling, vapour can form at any point within the liquid.
Without a supply of thermal energy, boiling stops.
Complete the following equivalent statements about evaporation.
A liquid evaporates at
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
During evaporation
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
Without a supply of thermal energy, evaporation
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.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
[3]
(b) A student uses a 2400 W electric kettle to obtain a value for the specific heat
capacity of sunflower oil.
Fig. 6.1 shows the apparatus.

Fig. 6.1
The student uses a measuring jug and pours 1.5 kg of sunflower oil into the empty
kettle. He uses a thermometer to measure the temperature of the oil.
The kettle is switched on and left on for 50 s. The temperature of the oil increases by 32
C. The student assumes that all the electrical energy is transferred as thermal energy to
the oil.
(i) Calculate the value for the specific heat capacity of sunflower oil obtained by the
student.

specific heat capacity = ................................................. [4]

(ii) State and explain whether the value for the specific heat capacity obtained by the
student is too large or too small.
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [1]
[Total: 8]
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3. One side of a copper sheet is highly polished and the other side is painted matt black.
The copper sheet is very hot and placed in a vertical position, as shown as in Fig. 5.1.

Fig. 5.1

A student places her hands at equal distances from the sheet, as shown in Fig. 5.1.
(a) Explain
(i) why her hands are not heated by convection,
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(ii) why her hands are not heated by conduction.
.............................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) State and explain which hand gets hotter.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
(c) It is suggested that one side of the copper sheet cools to a lower temperature than
the other side.
Explain why this does not happen.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... [2]
[Total: 6]
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4. (a) Explain
(i) how gas molecules exert a force on a solid surface,
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii) the increase in pressure of a gas when its volume is decreased at constant
temperature.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................ [3]
(b) A cylinder of volume 5.0 103 cm3 contains air at a pressure of 8.0 105 Pa.
A leak develops so that air gradually escapes from the cylinder until the air in the
cylinder is at atmospheric pressure. The pressure of the atmosphere is 1.0 105 Pa.
Calculate the volume of the escaped air, now at atmospheric pressure. Assume that the
temperature stays constant.

volume = ............................................cm3
[4]
[Total: 8]
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SECTION C: PAPER 6 ALTERNATIVE TO PRACTICAL (15 marks)

1. A student carries out an experiment to compare how quickly thermal energy is

conducted along rods made from different metals. Each rod is heated at one end with a
Bunsen burner flame.
Each rod carries a marker held on the rod with a little wax. When the wax melts, the
marker falls.

(a) One other piece of equipment is required to compare how quickly thermal energy is
conducted.
Name this piece of equipment.
.............................................................................................................................................
[1]
(b) Suggest three possible variables that the student should keep constant in order to
make a fair comparison between the different metals.
1. .........................................................................................................................................
2. .........................................................................................................................................
3. .........................................................................................................................................
[3]
(c) Another student suggests that it would be helpful to measure the temperatures at
both ends of the rod. He suggests using a liquid-in-glass thermometer, normally used
for measuring the temperature of hot water.
Suggest two reasons why a liquid-in-glass thermometer is not suitable.
1. .........................................................................................................................................
2. .........................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 6]
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2. Some IGCSE students are investigating the cooling of water.

Fig. 1.1 shows how the apparatus is set up.

Fig. 1.1
(a) A thermometer is placed on the bench so that room temperature can be measured.
Read and record room temperature R as shown on the thermometer in Fig. 1.2.

R = ........................................[1]

Fig. 1.2
(b) A student pours hot water into the beaker so that the level is as shown in Fig. 1.1.
In Table 1.1, he then records the temperatures every minute as the water cools until
time t = 6 minutes.
Complete the column headings and complete the time column in Table 1.1. [3]
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(c) State in which position of the thermometer bulb the average rate of cooling is the
greater.
Justify your answer by referring to the results.
position ............................................................................................................................
justification .......................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(d) What precaution do the results suggest should be taken when measuring the
temperature of a liquid?
Explain how the results show that this is a sensible precaution.
precaution ........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
explanation ......................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(e) A student in a different school wants to repeat the experiment in order to check the
results.
Suggest two experimental conditions which should be kept the same.
1. .....................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
2. ......................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total: 9]

End of Question