Table of Contents

2013 IABPA Officers 1

Presidents Message 2

The Reliability of Current Methods of Sequencing Bloodstain Patterns

Terry L. Laber, Michael C. Taylor and Paul E. Kish 3

Newly Elected IABPA Board Members for 2014 11

The Annual IABPA Training Conference in Portland, Maine in 2014 15

The Fifth European IABPA Conference in Rome, Italy in 2015 15

Recent BPA Related Articles in the Scientific Literature 15

Organizational Notices 16

Training Opportunities 17

Editors Corner 21

Publication Committee/Associate Editors 22

Past Editors of the IABPA News/Journal of

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 22

Past Presidents of the IABPA 22

 2013 IABPA Officers

PRESIDENT
Patrick Laturnus
pat.laturnus@rogers.com

Vice President - Region I Vice President - Region II

Pacific Mountain
Don Schuessler Richard J. Tewes
dschuessle@msn.com rich.tewes@pioneerforensics.com

Vice President - Region III Vice President, Region IV

Central Eastern
DeWayne Morris Anthony Mangione
DeWayne_Morris@isp.state.il.us amangione@hamiltonpd.org

Vice President - Region V Vice President - Region VI

European Pacific Rim
Martin Eversdijk Ted Silenieks
martin.eversdijk@lociforensicproducts.nl Ted.Silenieks@sa.gov.au

Secretary / Treasurer Sergeant at Arms

Norman Reeves Jeffrey Scozzafava
norman@bloody1.com scozzafava@co.somerset.nj.us

Historian
Stuart H. James
jamesforen@aol.com

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 1 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Presidents Message
We are well into 2014 and your Executive Board has been busy. Thank you for your support that
has allowed me to begin my second year as President. This year's board has 4 new members who
are all well qualified and are providing great leadership: Rich Tewes, DeWayne Morris, Martin
Eversdijk and Ted Silenieks. For the 2014 election we tried a new process that allowed members to
vote on-line, via the "members login" area of the website. While the process went well and we will
call it a success, it was noted that we didn't get as many members voting as we'd hoped. Your vote
is important so please participate.
Today's technology allows for on-line meetings, we have a system that works through the internet
and provides voice, text and video communication. Our first meeting was last January with all of the
board participating in spite of the odd hours from 5:00 am to 11:00 pm. We now have the proven
ability to discuss and vote on important issues at any time of the year.
I am pleased to announce that the first recipient of the IAPBA Travel Award was LeeAnn Singley.
She will be going to Adelaide, Australia for the ANZFSS. Congratulations to her and to all of those
who participated. If you haven't already, please have a look at this opportunity on our website.
Remember there are two Travel Awards a year.
As you know Portland, Maine is the site of our next Training Conference. The infrastructure is set
and we're looking forward to this great opportunity to keep up-to-date in Bloodstain Pattern
Analysis. There is always more to learn and remember this is also an opportunity for you to teach.
Please consider sharing your expertise and contact the lead host, Herb Leighton. In addition you'll
be able to make a significant saving if you register before May 1, 2014. Check it out on the website.
Our committees are all still on track and working to make a difference. The Certification
Research Committee has a detailed and complicated job. While we remain independent we are now
looking closely at the IAI Certification Process. We have a common goal, but do we agree on how
to get there? Any thoughts you have would be welcomed, please contact one of our co-chairs: Don
Schuessler and/or Anthony Mangione. With reduced funding it seems our workplace only gets
busier. We appreciate that, in spite of the busy days, all of the committees offer their time and effort
and are making great progress.
The IABPA European Conferences are a proven success. As you know 5th European Conference
will be in Rome, Italy. The organizer, Major Andrea Berti, is on track and excited about having a
great North American turn out from May 12th to 15th, 2015. Early registration will result in
significant savings. Please check it out on our website as well as go to the conference website:
https://www.5theuropeaniabpaconference.com.
It's great to see you reading the IAPBA Journal, the best way to stay on top of the latest
information on our discipline. Good luck and enjoy all that this year has to offer!

Pat Laturnus
President
IABPA

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 2 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

RESEARCH ARTICLE

THE RELIABILITY OF CURRENT METHODS OF SEQUENCING BLOODSTAIN

PATTERNS

Terry L. Laber1, Michael C. Taylor2, Paul E. Kish3

Abstract

Despite the potential value associated with determining the sequence of events from superimposed bloodstain patterns,
no formal assessment of the reliability of current methods was found in the published literature. We present here a study
of superimposed spatter/transfer patterns on three different substrate surfaces under conditions where the spatter pattern
component consisted of a small, medium and large number of stains. This test was done in the absence of perimeter
stain effects.

Keywords
bloodstain pattern, spatter, transfer, methods, classification, sequence, error rate

Introduction

It is common for bloodstain patterns at crime scenes to be superimposed4. The order in which such
patterns are deposited can sometimes be valuable evidence of the timing of the events that took place
[1]. The observation, for example, that a bloodied shoeprint impression has spatter stains from a
beaten victim on top of the impression indicates that those stains occurred after the shoeprint
impression was made. This information would be highly probative if, the defendant claimed he
arrived at the scene after the victim had been beaten. Despite the value of this type of evidence, there
have been few published studies made of bloodstain pattern sequencing and no standardized
methods have emerged.
Determining the sequence of events from bloodstain patterns frequently involves altered patterns.
For example, the presence of perimeter stains5 in a pattern is evidence that more than one event took
place with a lapse of time between events [1]. If blood is initially dripped onto a surface and
subsequently wiped prior to complete drying, a perimeter ring of staining remains, providing
evidence of the sequence of events. If one pattern dries before the second is superimposed, however,
sequencing becomes more difficult.
Hurley and Pex [2] concluded that it was difficult to distinguish a dried spatter pattern overlaid by a
bloodied shoe impression from a combination of patterns in the reverse sequence. They
recommended particular caution when attempting to determine such a sequence from photographs.
While Hurley and Pex produced photographs to illustrate their conclusions no controlled
experiments were presented. The objective of this study was to formally assess the reliability of
current methods for establishing the sequence of superimposed patterns where the first pattern
deposited has completely dried.

1
Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension (BCA), 1430 Maryland Ave East, St Paul, MN 55106
2
Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited (ESR), P O Box 29-181, Christchurch, New Zealand
(Author for correspondence: michael.taylor@esr.cri.nz)
3
Paul Erwin Kish Forensic Consultant & Associates, P.O. Box 814, Corning, NY 14830
4
In the context of this paper a superimposed pattern is the deposition of that pattern on top of an existing
pattern
5
A perimeter stain is an altered stain that consists of the peripheral characteristics of the original stain.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 3 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Methods

Two pattern types were selected for this study, namely spatter6 and transfer7. These patterns are
commonly encountered at bloodied crime scenes and can often be superimposed. A total of 112
bloodstain patterns comprising superimposed transfer and spatter stains were prepared, half of which
were spatter stains superimposed on transfer stains and half were transfer stains on spatter stains.
Fresh human blood, donated by project volunteers, and containing EDTA anticoagulant was used
within seven days of drawing. Patterns were created in a controlled laboratory setting at the
Minnesota BCA Laboratory. They were created on 16 inch x 16 inch (40 cm x 40 cm) wooden
targets. Completed targets were coated with a clear lacquer to prevent deterioration and to assist
with biohazard safety. It has been assumed that the clear lacquer coating had no significant effect on
the analysts conclusions.
Transfer stains were created by drawing a blood-soaked cotton glove across the target surface,
producing a swipe8 pattern showing four fingers. Excess blood was removed from the glove before
swiping. Spatter stains were created by using a hammer to strike one drop of blood placed on a
wooden block in the center of the striking zone. The hammer was propelled by rubber bands and
gravity. Bloodstains forming the first applied pattern were allowed to dry thoroughly before the
second pattern was superimposed. There were two manipulated variables relating to pattern
construction, namely pattern extent (amount of spatter) and target substrate. There were three levels
of pattern extent; minimum, medium, and maximum. Category membership was determined by an
approximation of the total number of stains in the pattern and the number of stains larger than 1 mm
in diameter (Table 1).
Table 1. Thresholds for determining pattern extent

Extent Extent Total Number of Stains Number of Stains > 1 mm

Minimum < 50 < 10

Medium < 50 > 10

Medium 50 500 < 50

Maximum 50 500 > 50

Maximum > 500 no criterion

The second controlled variable was the substrate that the pattern was created on. The substrates
used were three different hard surfaces, representing varying levels of anticipated identification
difficulty, namely: paint (A), wallpaper (B), and chipboard (C). Two coats of white Zinsser 1-2-3
primer were applied to a smooth wooden surface for the paint surface. The wallpaper surface was
white Brewster Easy Texture paintable wallpaper (STRIA Pattern 99417F) glued to a smooth
wooden surface with one coat of Zinsser 1-2-3 primer applied on top of the wallpaper. The target
was rotated prior to pattern creation so that the wallpaper texture ran vertically. The chipboard
surface was made from oriented strand board (OSB), which comprises wood fragments bonded in a
6
A spatter stain is a bloodstain resulting from a blood drop dispersed through the air due to an external force
applied to a source of liquid blood.
7
A transfer stain is a bloodstain resulting from contact between a blood-bearing surface and another surface.
8
A swipe pattern is a bloodstain pattern resulting from the transfer of blood from a blood bearing surface onto
another surface, with characteristics that indicate relative motion between the two surfaces.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 4 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

resin and oriented in random directions. Examples of these target surfaces are shown in Figures 1a
and 1b.

A B C
Figure 1a. Example of patterns created on paint (A), wallpaper (B), and chipboard (C) surfaces.

A B C
Figure 1b. Close-up images of superimposed patterns on paint (A), wallpaper (B), and chipboard (C)
surfaces.

Participants chosen for this study were 27 experienced bloodstain pattern analysts with at least 80
hours of training in bloodstain pattern analysis, a minimum of 5 years of BPA experience and had
been qualified in court as BPA experts. Analysts were individually invited to participate and were
informed that the aim of the study was not to test analyst competency, but rather the reliability of
current BPA methodology. They were also informed that their participation and responses would
remain anonymous. Materials were only sent to analysts after they had indicated a willingness to
participate.
Each analyst received a unique set of 3 or 4 sequencing targets and a response sheet for each
target. A number was placed at the top of each target that identified which target corresponded to
each response sheet and also indicated the pattern alignment during pattern construction.
The response sheet stated: This sample has both a transfer and a spatter pattern on it. You are asked
to determine the sequence in which these two patterns have been applied. Please choose ONE of the
following:

Spatter first followed by transfer

Transfer first followed by spatter
I cannot determine which pattern occurred first

After completing the survey, analysts emailed or posted their responses to an independent third
party. All materials and responses were returned to experimenters via the third party to ensure they
remained anonymous. Each possible variable combination (sequence order X substrate X extent)
was replicated a minimum of 5 times.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 5 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Results

Of the 112 samples distributed to participants, responses to 104 were received. These comprised
50 combinations of spatter stains superimposed on transfer stains and 54 instances of transfer stains
on spatter. Of the 104 conclusions given, over half (52.9%) were recorded as inconclusive meaning
they could not determine which pattern occurred first, 32.7% correctly assigned the sequence and
14.4% gave an incorrect interpretation.
Figure 2 shows a breakdown according to the original pattern combination presented. It is
apparent from these results that there was a marked difference in the response of analysts to the two
pattern sequences they were presented with. Where spatter stains were deposited on top of transfer
stains, 48% of the patterns were correctly sequenced, whereas for the reverse sequence this figure
dropped to 19%. There was a corresponding increase in the proportion of inconclusive responses
from 40% to 65%.

70%

60%

50%

40% correct

30% inconclusive
incorrect
20%

10%

0%
spatter on transfer transfer on spatter

Figure 2. Accuracy in the determination of pattern deposition sequence.

These results appear to show that when spatter stains are deposited on transfer stains, analysts were
more willing to give an interpretation and those interpretations are more likely to be correct. For
those targets that analysts were prepared to make an interpretation, 80% were correct when the
pattern was spatter on transfer, but only 53% were correct if the transfer followed the spatter. The
difference in response between the two pattern combinations was statistically significant, 2 (2, N =
104) = 5.26, p = 0.004. Overall, the effect of substrate on correct responses was not significant,
although Figure 3 shows a higher proportion of correct interpretations for painted surfaces when the
pattern combination was spatter on transfer.

80%
70%
60%
50%
40% correct
30% inconclusive
20%
incorrect
10%
0%
chipboard paint wallpaper chipboard paint wallpaper
spatter on transfer transfer on spatter
Figure 3. Effect of substrate on sequencing conclusions.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 6 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Figure 4 shows that the number of incorrect interpretations increased and the number of
inconclusive responses decreased slightly, as the extent of spatter increased in both spatter on
transfer and transfer on spatter combinations. Those targets that had a spatter pattern with many
stains (i.e., maximum extent) overlaid with a transfer pattern gave the highest number of incorrect
interpretations. No errors were made, when the spatter pattern was at its minimum extent although
70% of the responses were inconclusive. However, the overall effect of pattern extent was
significant, 2(4, N = 104) = 9.71, p = 0.046.

80%
70%
60%
50%
40% correct
30% inconclusive
20% incorrect
10%
0%
max med min max med min
spatter on transfer transfer on spatter
Figure 4. Effect of pattern extent on sequencing conclusions.

Discussion

Because the bloodstains in this study were allowed to dry completely between the two depositions,
there were no perimeter stain effects to give clues as to the order of deposition. In the absence of
this, it is possible that the analysts attention was drawn to the intensity of the individual stains, with
the more intense stains reckoned to be the more recent of the two depositions. Spatter stains
deposited on transfer stains will generally appear darker in color, suggesting they have been
deposited last (e.g. Figure 5). However spatter stains deposited under transfer stains may also appear
darker in color, especially if the transfer stain is a thin smear (e.g. Figure 6).
Under these circumstances the spatter stains may also give the impression they have been
deposited on top of the transfer stain. This may also account for the fact that patterns with well-
defined, maximum extent spatter overlaid by transfer stains had the highest proportion of incorrect
conclusions. Where the spatter stains were fewer in number these incorrect interpretations were not
evident. The number of incorrect conclusions increased as the extent of spatter increased in both
spatter on transfer and transfer on spatter, while the number of inconclusive responses decreased
slightly. This suggests that an increase in the number of datum points in the pattern is giving an
increasingly false sense of confidence for an analyst when making a judgment about sequencing.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 7 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Figure 5. Spatter stains deposited onto a transfer pattern.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 8 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Figure 6. Transfer pattern deposited onto spatter stains.

Conclusions

This study on superimposed patterns showed that, for the current sequencing methods and in the
absence of perimeter stain effects, the chances of incorrectly concluding the order of deposition in a
spatter/transfer pattern combination is approximately 12% where spatter stains are deposited on top
of transfer stains and 17% for the reverse sequence. These results demonstrate the need for more
reliable methods for bloodstain pattern sequencing and suggest that extreme caution should be
exercised in making such determinations.
In general, analysts were reluctant to draw a firm conclusion in approximately half the samples and
incorrectly concluded the sequence of patterns in approximately 12% of pattern combinations where
spatter stains were deposited on top of transfer stains and 17% for the reverse sequence. The pattern
substrate was not found to be a significant factor in the accuracy of sequencing. There was limited
evidence to suggest that a more extensively spattered pattern, in combination with a transfer pattern
may increase the incidence of misinterpretation of sequence.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 9 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Institute of Justice through project
grant 2010-DN-BX-K213.

References

1. Kish, P.E., T.P. Sutton, and S.H. James, Principles of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis: Theory and
Practice 3ed. 2005, Boca Raton: CRC Press. 576.
2. Hurley, N.M. and J.O. Pex, Sequencing of Bloody Shoe Impressions by Blood Spatter and Blood
Droplet Drying Times. International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts News, 1990.
6(4): p. 1-8.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 10 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Newly Elected IABPA Board Members for 2014

Richard J. Tewes Vice-President Region II Mountain

Rich is currently the Director of Forensic Services at Pioneer Forensics in Loveland, Colorado. A
majority of his time is dedicated to the research and development of bloodstain pattern analysis
practices, training and case reviews.
Rich has over 27 years professional experience working in Criminalistics and Crime Scene
Investigation working both sworn and civilian as a Police Officer, Crime Scene Investigator,
Criminalist and Crime Scene Analyst. He has developed and instructed in excess of eighty courses in
the disciplines of blood stain pattern analysis, crime scene and physical evidence practices. He has
provided forensic consulting and testimony for judges, prosecutors, defense and civil counselors. He
is a frequent lecturer and advisor for academic universities, BAR associations, department of
defense, foreign governments and law enforcement agencies.
Rich has researched and co-authored several articles published the Journal of Bloodstain Pattern
Analysis (IABPA), Journal of Forensic Identification (IAI), Information Bulletin for
Shoeprint/Toolmark Examiners (IBSTE) Association for Crime Scene Reconstruction Journal
(ACSR) sharing information and research with other investigators. He has served as Chairman of the
Education Committee, Vice-President and President for the Rocky Mountain Association of
Bloodstain Pattern Analysts. Rich is co-creator of the Colorado Forensic Footwear Information
Network (COFFIN).
Rich holds active IAI certifications for Senior Crime Scene Analyst (CSCSA), Footwear
Comparison (CFWE) and Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (CBPE). He is a court recognized expert in
Bloodstain Pattern Analysis, Footwear Identification and Crime Scene Analysis.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 11 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 DeWayne Morris Vice-President Region III Central

Sergeant DeWayne Morris has been employed as a police officer by the Illinois State
Police for seventeen years. Early in his career, DeWayne held positions as canine handler and
field training officer. In 2003, DeWayne was accepted into the Division of Forensic Services
and was trained for the position of Crime Scene Investigator. It was during that time that
DeWayne began training in the field of bloodstain pattern analysis.
In 2009, the Illinois State Police created a Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Section. DeWayne
was selected as the Southern Illinois Bloodstain Pattern Analyst. In 2011, DeWayne was
appointed Senior Bloodstain Pattern Analyst and Supervisor of the Bloodstain Pattern
Analysis Section.
DeWayne is a certified instructor by the Illinois Training and Standards Board and has
provided training in various crime scene related topics including bloodstain pattern analysis
to law enforcement, academia, and judiciaries.
In 2008, DeWayne became a member of the IABPA. During his membership with the
IABPA, DeWayne has held positions on the Committee for Legislative Review, the BPA
Certification Committee, and the SWGSTAIN Document Review Committee. DeWayne has
attended five IABPA training conferences including the most recent European conference in
Edinburgh, Scotland. DeWayne has given presentations at each training conference.
DeWayne has been recognized by courts as an expert in the fields of Bloodstain Pattern
Analysis and Crime Scene Reconstruction.
Other forensic organizations which DeWayne is a member include the International
Association for Identification (IAI), the Illinois Division of the International Association for
Identification (IDIAI), Association for Crime Scene Reconstruction (ACSR), and the Rocky

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 12 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Mountain Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts (RMABPA). DeWayne is a past
president of the Illinois Division of IAI.

Martin Eversdijk Vice-President Region V European

Martin is presently working in both law enforcement and private communities. He started his
forensic career in 1993 and is currently working as a forensic coordinator and bloodstain pattern
analyst for the serious crime scene unit of the forensic department of the Amsterdam-Amstelland
Regional Police in The Netherlands. The majority of his work is coordinating forensic teams at
serious crimes: homicide, armed robbery, rape etc., but he is also still active at the scene and in the
lab doing BPA.
For 7 years Martin was a staff member and trainer at the Institute for Criminal Investigations and
Crime Science, the national training center for CSIs in the Netherlands, developing and teaching
courses on Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. He is an internationally known lecturer on the subject of
BPA and contributor to new methods. He has educated hundreds of colleagues / students from 28
countries, since 2011 at his own forensic training facility in the Netherlands. Martin has done
bloodstain crime scene work internationally and has given expert opinion evidence. Martin is an
author of various articles and textbook chapters on the topic of bloodstain patterns and has been a
member of SWGSTAIN since 2003 and is currently serving as a board member.
Since his first IABPA meeting in Tucson 2001 he has attended 10 of the 12 Annual Training
Conferences and all European. At these conferences Martin has given multiple case presentations
and has instructed several workshops. Martin has also presented at other national and international
conferences and symposiums on Bloodstain Pattern Analysis.
In 2012 Martin was extremely honored to receive the IABPA Distinguished Member Award in
recognition of outstanding contributions to the discipline of bloodstain pattern analysis. He would be

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 13 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

proud to fulfill the role of VP to the IABPA which would give him the opportunity to play a part in
further development /improvement of BPA worldwide

Ted Silenieks - Vice President Region VI Pacific Rim

Ted Silenieks has worked at Forensic Science SA in Adelaide, South Australia since 1984 and is
currently the Coordinator - Evidence Recovery, supervising a team of 12 and overseeing the
examination and recovery of evidence from items collected at crime scenes. Ted has a diverse range
of forensic experience having worked in a multi-disciplined General Forensic Science section,
Forensic Serology (pre DNA), Forensic Biology and Evidence Recovery. He is widely regarded as
one of Australias leaders in Evidence Recovery. His experience includes working on the infamous
Bodies in the Barrels serial homicide case (1999) which involved the torture and murder of 12
individuals, during which he examined approximately 350 exhibits identifying more than 500 sub-
samples of physical and biological evidence.
Ted holds a Bachelor of Applied Science Forensic Investigation from the Canberra Institute of
Technology. He instigated the first Australian National Institute of Forensic Science (NIFS)
Evidence Recovery Workshop and assisted with developing Australian Evidence Collection
Standards. He has delivered training courses on physical and biological evidence recovery principles
to forensic scientists, police crime scene investigators and university students in several states across
Australia. He has coordinated and supervised many research and development projects, resulting in
over thirty principal or co-authored presentations at national and international Forensic Symposiums.
He is a past Vice President of the South Australian branch of the Australian and New Zealand
Forensic Science Society, and currently serves as a committee member.
Ted completed a BPA training course in 2004, and joined the IABPA in 2006. Since then he has
been actively involved in the discipline within Australia, becoming a member of the Australian BPA
Scientific Working Group in 2009. Ted co supervises the Bloodstain Pattern Analysis group at
FSSA. In conjunction with Dr. Mark Reynolds, Ted developed an advanced 80 hour Fabrics BPA
training course, which has been successfully delivered in Australia, The Netherlands and in several
jurisdictions within the USA.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 14 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

The 2014 IABPA Annual Training Conference to be held in Portland, Maine September 30-
October 3, 2014

The Conference is being organized by Herb Leighton, Brandi Caron and Alison Gingras of the
Maine State Police.

The Conference venue will be:

The Westin Portland Harborview Hotel
157 High Street
Portland, Maine
04101

Visit the IAPBA website, www.iabpa.org for further information and registration.

The Fifth European IABPA Conference to be held in Rome, Italy May 12-15, 2015.

The Conference is being organized by the Arma dei Carabinieri - Forensic Science Department.
IABPA 2015 will be held at the Forensic Science Department of the Arma dei Carabinieri and will
consist of 3 days of lectures and caseworks.

The Conference Venue will be:

Arma dei Carabinieri - Forensic Science Department HQ
Viale di Tor di Quinto, 119
00191, Rome (IT)

Please visit the Website https://5theuropeaniabpaconference.com/ for a thorough overview of the

Conference Venue, Registration, Transport Information and best sites to visit during your stay in the
Eternal City! You may send an e-mail to info@5theuropeaniabpaconference.com for any additional
info you may need. You may also directly call the Forensic Science Department (Dr. Andrea Berti)
at: +39 06 809 803 32. Were looking forward to see you all in Rome for the Conference. On behalf
of the Organizing Conference Committee we send you our best regards!

Dott. Andrea Berti

Recent BPA Related Articles in the Scientific Literature

Laan,N., Bremmer, R.H., Aalders, M.C.G., and deBruin, K.G., Volume Determination of Fresh and
Dried Bloodstains by Means of Optical Coherence Tomography, J. Forensic Sci., January 2014, Vol.
59, No. 1.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 15 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Organizational Notices
Moving Soon?

All changes of mailing address need to be supplied to our Secretary Norman Reeves. Each quarter
Norman forwards completed address labels for those who are members. Do not send change of
address information to the Journal Editor. E-mail your new address to Norman Reeves at:

norman@bloody1.com
Norman Reeves
I.A.B.P.A.
12139 E. Makohoh Trail
Tucson, Arizona 85749-8179
Fax: 520-760-5590

Membership Applications / Request for Promotion

Applications for membership as well as for promotion are available on the IABPA website:
IABPA Website: http://www.iabpa.org

The fees for application of membership and yearly dues are $40.00 US each. If you have not
received a dues invoice for 2014 please contact Norman Reeves at norman@bloody1.com. Also,
apparently, non US credit cards are charging a fee above and beyond the $ 40.00
membership/application fee. Your credit card is charged only $40.00 US by the IABPA.
Any additional fees are imposed by the credit card companies.

IABPA now accepts the following credit cards:

Discover MasterCard
American Express Visa

If you had had a change of address, please contact Norman.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 16 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Training Opportunities

April 7-11, 2014

Basic Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course

Keiser University
Tampa, Florida

Instructors: Stuart H. James and Anna Cox

Contact: Anna Cox
E-mail: coxforensic@hotmail.com
Tel: 813-732-4001
or
Stuart H. James
E-mail: jamesforen@aol.com
Tel: 954-651-2865

April 7-11, 2014

Basic Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course

(English)
Blutspureninstitut
Obergasse 20
61250 Usingen
Germany

Instructor: Dr. Silke Brodbeck, MD

Tel: +49-170-84 84248
Fax: +49-6081-14879

April 14-18, 2014

Advanced Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course

Loci Forensics B.V.
Flierveld 59
2151 LE Nieuw-Vennep
The Netherlands

Instructors: Martin Eversdijk and Rene Gelderman

Fax: +31(0)20-8907749
E-mail: Info@lociforensics.nl

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 17 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 May 5-9, 2014

Advanced Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course

(German)
Blutspureninstitut
Obergasse 20
61250 Usingen
Germany

Instructor: Dr. Silke Brodbeck, MD

Tel: +49-170-84 84248
Fax: +49-6081-14879

May 19-23, 2014

Visualization of Latent Bloodstain Course

Loci Forensics B.V.
Flierveld 59
2151 LE Nieuw-Vennep
The Netherlands

Instructors: Martin Eversdijk and Rene Gelderman

Fax: +31(0)20-8907749
E-mail: Info@lociforensics.nl

June 9-13, 2014

Basic Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course

Boone County Sheriffs Department
Burlington, Kentucky

Instructor: Paul E. Kish

Tel: 607-962-8092
E-mail:paul@paulkish.com

June 9-13, 2014

The Fabrics of Bloodstain Course

Loci Forensics B.V.
Flierveld 59
2151 LE Nieuw-Vennep
The Netherlands

Instructors: Mark Reynolds and Ted Silenieks (Australia)

Fax: +31(0)20-8907749
E-mail: Info@lociforensics.nl

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 18 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 June 23-27, 2014

Basic Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course

(German)
Blutspureninstitut
Obergasse 20
61250 Usingen
Germany

Instructor: Dr. Silke Brodbeck, MD

Tel: +49-170-84 84248
Fax: +49-6081-14879

August 4-8, 2014

Basic Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course

McHenry County Sheriffs Office
Woodstock, Illinois

Instructors: Stuart H. James and Anna Cox

Contact: Stuart H. James
Tel: 954-651-2865
E-mail: jamesforen@aol.com

September 22-26, 2014

Basic Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course

(German)
Blutspureninstitut
Obergasse 20
61250 Usingen
Germany

Instructor: Dr. Silke Brodbeck, MD

Tel: +49-170-84 84248
Fax: +49-6081-14879

October 13-17, 2014

Advanced Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course
(English)
Blutspureninstitut
Obergasse 20
61250 Usingen
Germany

Instructor: Dr. Silke Brodbeck, MD

Tel: +49-170-84 84248
Fax: +49-6081-14879

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 19 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 December 1-5, 2014

Basic Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Course

(German)
Blutspureninstitut
Obergasse 20
61250 Usingen
Germany

Instructor: Dr. Silke Brodbeck, MD

Tel: +49-170-84 84248
Fax: +49-6081-14879

December 8-12, 2014

Bloodstain Pattern Analysis Workshop

Miami-Dade Public Safety Training Institute
Doral, Florida

Instructor: Toby Wolson, M.S., F-ABC

Miami-Dade Police Department
Crime Laboratory Bureau
Forensic Biology Section
9105 N.W. 25th Street
Doral, Florida
33172-1500
Voice: 305-471-3014
Fax: 305-471-3478
E-mail: twolson@mdpd.com

Articles and training announcements for the June 2014 issue of the Journal of Bloodstain
Pattern Analysis must be received before May 15th, 2014

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 20 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Editors Corner
Congratulations to Rich Tewes, DeWayne Morris, Martin Eversdijk and Ted Silenieks as new
members of the IABPA Executive Board. They are all well-experienced BPA analysts and have been
attendees as well as given excellent presentations at our annual Training Conferences.
The research article in this issue, the Reliability of Current Methods of Sequencing Bloodstain
Patterns authored by Terry L. Laber, Michael C. Taylor and Paul E. Kish demonstrates the difficulty
encountered by analysts with sequencing of spatter and transfer patterns.
It is time to consider presenting a research project or an interesting case study at the Annual
IABPA Conference to be held in Portland, Maine September 30-October 3, 2014. I encourage the
submission of presented papers to me for peer review and consideration for publication in our
Journal. It would be nice to have articles for each of the quarterly issues.

Stuart H. James
Editor
jamesforen@aol.com

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 21 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014

 Publication Committee
Associate Editors
Barton P. Epstein
Paul E. Kish
Daniel Mabel
Jeremy Morris
Jon J. Nordby
Joe Slemko
Celestina Rossi
Jeffrey Scozzafava
T. Paulette Sutton

Past Editors of the IABPA News/Journal of Bloodstain Pattern

Analysis
Anita Y. Wonder 1984-1985
Norman Reeves 1984-1989
David Rimer 1990-1996
Toby L. Wolson 1997-2000
Paul E. Kish 2001-2003
Stuart H. James 2004-present

Past Presidents of the IABPA

V. Thomas Bevel 1983-1984
Charles Edel 1985-1987
Warren R. Darby 1988
Rod D. Englert 1989-1990
Edward Podworny 1991-1992
Tom J. Griffin 1993-1994
Toby L. Wolson, M.S. 1995-1996
Daniel V. Christman 1997-1998
Phyllis T. Rollan 1999-2000
Daniel Rahn 2001-2002
Bill Basso 2002-2006
LeeAnn Singley 2007-2008
Iris Dalley 2009-2010
Todd A. Thorne 2011-2012

The Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis published quarterly in March, June, September, and December.
2014. The International Association of Bloodstain Pattern Analysts. All rights are reserved. Reproduction in
whole or in part without written permission of the Editor and Author(s) is prohibited.

Journal of Bloodstain Pattern Analysis 22 Vol. 30 No. 1 March 2014