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Against the Latins

[Rom. 8:9], [Gal. 4:6]


The Latins wrongly interpret these passages concerning the Filioque.
" ... being 'from' someone is quite different from being 'of' him. For example, that the Spirit is the
Spirit 'of' the Son is beyond doubt and confirmed by Scripture. But not a single Scripture passage
testifies that the Spirit is 'from' the Son: ... we, cannot introduce ... that the Spirit has two causes -
the Father and the Son... the Latins reply, 'but did He not breathe on the disciples and say,
Receive ye the Holy Spirit [Jn. 20:22]?' ... If Christ actually imparted the Holy Spirit Himself
when He breathed on the disciples, why did He say, Ye shall receive power, after that the Holy
Spirit is come upon you ... not many days hence [Acts 1:5, 8]? But we believe... descent of the
Holy Spirit took place on Pentecost. On the evening of the resurrection, clearly it was not the
Holy Spirit that Christ gave the disciples but one of the gifts of the Spirit - the authority to forgive
sins... Whatsoever sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them [Jn. 20:23]. The Son possesses the
Spirit by His very nature, being of one essence with the Spirit. He is not filled with energy by the
Spirit, as were the prophets. The Spirit is said to be of the Son, in that the Son is truth, power and
wisdom, and the Holy Spirit is described by Isaiah as the Spirit of truth, strength and wisdom [Is.
11:2]. Furthermore, the Spirit is called the Spirit of the Son because the Spirit is given to men by
the Son. /Theophylact - Explanation of John, page 60 61.

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