Jis B 0001 - 2010

JAPANESE
INDUSTRIAL
STANDARD
Translated and Published by
Japanese Standards Association
JIS B 000 1 : 2010
(JSME/JSA)
Technical drawings for mechanical
. .
engineering
ICS 01.100.20
Reference number: JIS B 0001 : 2010 (E)
PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 49 S
B 0001 : 2010
Date of Establishment: 1958-10-07

Date of Revision: 2010-04-20
Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2010-04-20
Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee
Standards Board
Technical Committee on Machine Elements
JIS B 0001: 2010, First English edition published in 2011-02
Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association

4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN
In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents,

the original JIS is to be the final authority.
JSA 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Printed in Japan
KKiAT
PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT
B 0001: 2010
Contents
Page
1 Scope ............................................................................................................ 1
2 Normative references ...................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ...................................................... 2
4 General matters ..................................................................................................... 3
5 Size and format of drawings ................................................................................ 5
5.1 Size of drawings ..................................................................................................... 5
5.2 Format of drawings ...................................................... 6
6 Lines ............................................................................................................ 7
6.1 Thickness of lines ...................................................... 7
6.2 Types and application of lines ...................................................... 8
6.3 Order of priority of coinciding lines ...................................................... 15
7 Characters and texts ...................................................... 15
7.1 Types and height of characters ......................................................................... 15
7.2 Expression of texts .............................................................................................. 19
8 Method of projection ...................................................... 19

8.1 General matters ...................................................... 19
8.2 Name of projection view ................................................................. 19
8.3 Third angle projection method ........................................................................... 19
8.4 First angle projection method ...................................................... 20
8.5 Reference arrow layout ...................................................... 21
8.6 Other projection methods ...................................................... 22
9 Scale ...................................................... 22
10 Expression of view 23
10.1 Expression of projection view ...................................................... 23
10.2 Sectional view ...................................................... 28
10.3 Omission of views ...................................................... 38
lOA Special representation of view ...................................................... 44
11 Dimensioning 51
11.1 General matters ...................................................... 51
11.2 Projection lines ...................................................... 54
11.3 Dimension lines55
11.4 Dimension figures ...................................................... 59
11.5 Arrangement of dimensions ...................................................... 63
11.6 Symbols for dimensioning ...................................................... 66
11. 7 Expression of hole dimensions 75
(i)
B 0001 : 2010
11.8 Expression of keyway80

11. 9 Expression of dimensions of steel constructions and the like 84
11.10 Expression of thin wall part ...................................................... 87
11.11 Display of range of working and surface treatment 88
11.12 Dimension of non-rigid parts ...................................................... 88
11.13 Non-proportional dimension ...................................................... 88
11.14 Dimensions of identical shapes ...................................................... 89
12 Expression of dimension of full view ...................................................... 89
13 Reference number ...................................................... 90
14 Correction of drawing and change ...................................................... 91
Bibliography ............................................................................................................ 92
Cii)
B 0001: 2010
Foreword
This translation has been made based on the original Japanese Industrial Standard
revised by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry through deliberations at
the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee as the result of proposal for revision
of Japanese Industrial Standard submitted by The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
(JSME)/Japanese Standards Association (JSA) with the draft being attached, based
on the provision of Article 12 Clause 1 of the Industrial Standardization Law applicable
to the case of revision by the provision of Article 14.
Consequently JIS B 0001: 2000 has been replaced with this Standard.
This JIS document is protected by the Copyright Law.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict
with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model
right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public which
have technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Standards
Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right, application for a patent
after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility
model after opening to the public which have the said technical properties.
(iii)
JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS B 0001 : 2010
Technical drawings for mechanical

engineering
1 Scope
This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the technical drawings for mechani-
cal engineering, mainly part drawings and assembly drawings based on JIS Z 8310.
In addition, the matters not stated in this Standard shall be in accordance with JIS
Z 8310 and other individual Japanese Industrial Standards related to technical draw-
ings (for example, drawing practices for mechanical engineering by CAD shall be in
accordance with JIS B 3402).
2 Norma ti ve references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this Standard. The most recent editions of the standards
(including amendments) indicated below shall be applied.
JIS B 0021 Geometrical product specifications (GPS}-Geometrical tolerancing-
Tolerancing of form, orientation, location and run-out
JIS B 0026 Technical drawings-Dimensioning and tolerancing-Non-rigid parts
JIS B 0028 Technical drawings-Dimensioning and tolerancing-Cones
JIS B 0031 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS}-Indication of surface tex-
ture in technical product documentation
JIS B 0419 General tolerances-Part 2: Geometrical tolerances for features with-
out individual tolerance indications
JIS B 0601 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS}-Surface texture: Profile
method-Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters
JIS B 3401 Glossary of terms used in CAD
JIS B 3402 Drawing practices for mechanical engineering by CAD
JIS Z 3021 Welding and allied processes-Symbolic representation
JIS Z 8114 Technical product documentation-Terms relating to technical draw-
ings
JIS Z 8310 Technical drawings-General code of drafting practices
JIS Z 8311 Technical drawings-Sizes and layout of drawing sheets
JIS Z 8312 Technical drawings-General principles of presentation-Basic conven-
tion for lines
JIS Z 8314 Technical drawings-Scales
JIS Z 8315-3 Technical drawings-Projection method-Part 3: Axonometric repre-
sentations
JIS Z 8315-4 Technical drawings-Projection method-Part 4: Central projection
JIS Z 8318 Technical drawings-Tolerancing of linear and angular dimensions
2
B 0001 : 2010
JIS Z 8321 Technical drawings-General principles of presentation-Preparation

of lines by CAD system
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this Standard, the terms and definitions given in JIS Z 8114
and JIS B 3401, and the following apply.
3.1 least square dimensions

dimensions obtained by performing computational processing for least square method
of many measurement points (referred to as "data set") that have been obtained by
measuring feature surfaces
NOTE: For the least square method, see JIS B 0672-1.
3.2 rough piece dimensions

dimensions which indicate the initial geometry of an object such as as-cast dimension,
hot-rolled steel plate thickness and polished round bar diameter
3.3 tool size

dimension that indicates the size of a tool when parts are machined, such as drill
diameter, reamer diameter, milling cutter diameter and cutter width (see figure 1)
Figure 1 Example of designation of tool size
3.4 angular size dimension

angular dimension formed by two planes or straight lines of the feature substance
NOTE: This does not include an angle formed by two axis lines of obliquely-
crossed holes.
3.5 control radius, CR

radius controlled such that the junction between a straight section and a radial curved
section is smoothly connected and there exists a radius between a maximum permis-
sible radius and a minimum permissible radius (geometrical tolerance zone which is
tangent to two curved surfaces) (see figure 2)
NOTE: CR is an abbreviation for control radius.
3
B 0001: 2010
Maximum
permissible
radius
Smooth outline
of radius
Figure 2 Control radius
4 General matters
General matters concerning technical drawing for mechanical engineering shall be
as follows:
a) The technical drawing shall be so drawn that the correct proportional relation
between the size of view and the size of object is maintained. However, for draw-
ings with no room for possible misreading, this proportional relation does not have
to be maintained on a part or all parts of view.
NOTE: See 11.13.
b) The centre of the line in thickness direction shall coincide with the line to be
theoretically drawn (see figure 3).
Position of line to be
theoretically drawn
Line thickness
Centre of line in
thickness direction
Figure 3 Centre position of line in thickness direction
c) The minimum clearance between lines to be drawn adjacent to each other is to be

twice the thickness of the thickest line in the case of parallel lines and the clear-
ance between the lines should preferably be 0.7 mm or more, as a rule. Further,
in the case of densely aggregating intersecting lines, the minimum clearance be-
tween lines shall be not less than 3 times the thickness of the thickest line [see
figure 4 a)].
d) In the case where many lines concentrate to a point, unless it is not confusing,
the lines should stop at a position where the minimum clearance between lines is
about twice the thickness of the thickest line, and the periphery of the point should
be clear [see figure 4 b)].
4
B 0001 : 2010
~- --
a) b)
Figure 4 Minimum clearance between lines
e) The objects or parts made of transparent material shall be all drawn in project
view as being opaque.
f) For the dimensions indicating the size, unless otherwise specified 1), the two point-
measurement of the object shall be designated. In this case, dimensional toler-
ances are not to regulate the shape, unless otherwise specified.
In addition, when the dimension is obtained using the least square method 2),
it shall be indicated within or adjacent to a title block that JIS B 0672-1 is ap-
plied.
Notes 1) In the case where the application of envelope requirement (see JIS
B 0024) is designated, and others.
2)
In the case of the circular feature, the least square dimension shall
be the diameter of the least square circle shown in figure 5.
Least square circle
Least square centre
b= .zYi
10 n
Y P 1 to P 12 : Measurement radius
Figure 5 Least square circle
5
B 0001: 2010
g) For the dimensions, except for special ones (reference dimensions, theoretically
exact dimensions, etc.), the permissible limits shall be designated directly or col-
lectively.
h) Only where it is indispensable depending on the functional requirement, inter-
changeability and technical level of manufacture the geometrical tolerances shall
be designated in accordance with JIS B 0021 or JIS B 0419.
i) When the designation on surface texture is required, it shall be in accordance with
JIS B 0031 based on the definition in JIS B 0601.
j) In the case where the designation of requirements concerning the welding is made
by means of welding symbols, it shall be in accordance with JIS Z 3021.
k) The representation of special parts such as screws and springs shall be in accor-
dance with separately specified individual JIS standards.
1) In the case where the symbols given in JIS that are specifically intended for tech-
nical drawings are used in strict accordance with the specifications, giving a note
concerning the matter is not generally required. In the case where the symbols
given in JIS that are not specifically designed for technical drawings, or symbols
specified in other publicly known standards are used, the number of the applied
standard shall be noted on a proper portion of the drawing.
Further, where symbols other than the above are used, their meanings shall
be noted on a proper portion of the drawing.
5 Size and format of drawings
5.1 Size of drawings

The size of drawings shall be as follows:
a) The size of paper used for drawings shall be selected from the series shown in tables
1, 2 and 3 in this order.
b) For the original drawing, a paper of minimum size capable of keeping the clarity
and appropriate size required by the object shall be used.
Table 1 Row A size (first priority)

Unit: mm
Designation Dimension a x b
AO 841 x 1189
A1 594 x 841
A2 420 x 594
A3 297 x 420
A4 210 x 297
6
B 0001 : 2010
Table 2 Specially extended size (second priority)

Unit: mm
A3 x 3 420 x 891
A3 x 4 420 x 1189
A4 x 3 297 x 630
A4x4 297 x 841
A4x5 297 x 1051
Table 3 Specially extended size (third priority)

Unit: mm
AO x 2 a ) 1189 x 1682
AO x 3 1 189 x 2 523 b)
A1x3 841 x 1 783
A1x4 841 x 2 378 b )
A2 x 3 594 x 1261
A2 x 4 594 x 1682
A2 x 5 594 x 2 102
A3 x 5 420 x 1486
A3 x 6 420 x 1 783
A3 x 7 420 x 2 080
A4x 6 297 x 1261
A4 x 7 297 x 1471
A4x 8 297 x 1682
A4x 9 297 x 1892
Notes a) This size is equal to 2AO in row A.
b)
Use of this size is not recommended
due to handling reasons.
5.2 Format of drawings

Format of drawings shall be as follows:
a) The drawing shall be used with its long side in the horizontal direction. However,
A4 may be used with its long side in the vertical direction.
b) On the drawing, the border line of minimum thickness 0.5 mm shall be drawn in
conformity to the sizes specified in table 4.
7
B 0001: 2010
Table 4 Width of contour (of drawing)

b
(.,)
d ---,;;. ~
Cl
l Border hne
(.,)t
AO to A4 A4
Unit: mm
Sheet size c (min.) d a) (min.)
Not bound Bound
AO 20 20 20
A1
A2 10 10
A3
A4
Note a) The part d shall be provided such that, when the drawing
is folded for filing, it is located at the left of the title block.
In addition, when the drawing sheet of A4 size is used
horizontally, the part d should be on the upper side.
c) On the drawing, the title block shall be provided at the lower right corner, which
shall include information such as the drawing number, name of drawing, name of
enterprise (organization), signature of the person in charge, date of preparation
of drawing, scale, and projection method.
d) The centre mark, the scale, the lattice reference system, and the cut mark to be
provided on the drawing shall be in accordance with JIS Z 8311.
e) In the case of folding the duplicated drawing, its size should be 210 mm x 297 mm
(size of A4).
NOTE 1 In the case of rolling up the original drawing for storage, the inside
diameter of the roll should not be less than 40 mm.
NOTE 2 In the case of folding the original drawing, Annex (informative) of JIS
Z 8311 should be referred to.
6 Lines
6.1 Thickness of lines

The nominal thicknesses of lines shall be 0.13 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.35 mm,
0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, 1 mm, 1.4 mm and 2 mm.
8
B 0001 : 2010
6.2 Types and application of lines

Lines shall be used as shown in table 5 depending on the application. The line thick-
ness ratio of a narrow line, a wide line and an extra wide line shall be 1 : 2 : 4. For
other types of lines, JIS Z 8312 and JIS Z 8321 should be applied.
Further, in the case where the line not specified in table 5 has been used, the ap-
plication of the line shall be noted in the drawing.
Table 5 Types and application of lines
Name Reference
according to Type c) Appilcation No. in
application figure 6
Thick To be used for expressing the shape of 1.1
Visible
continuous visible part of object.
outline
line
Dimension To be used for inscribing dimension. 2.1
line
Projection To be used for pointing to a dimension 2.2
line inscribed outside the view.
Leader line To be used for pointing to a description, 2.3
(including symbol, etc. indicated outside the view.
reference
line) Thin
continuous
Outline of line To be used for expressing the section of 2.4
revolved the part by revolving 90 degree in the
sections in view.
plane
To be used for expressing simply the 2.5
Centre line
centre line (4.1) of view.
Line of To be used for indicating the level of water 2.6
water level a) surface, liquid surface, etc.
Thin dashed To be used for expressing the shape of 3.1
Hidden spaced line or ------------- invisible part of object.
outline thick dashed
spaced line
Perforation Dashed spaced ------ To be used for expressing the seam of 3.2
line line cloth, leather and sheet material.
To be used for expressing the internal 3.3
Association ............................
Dotted line link of control equipment, the ganged
line
operation of a switching device, etc.
a) To be used for expressing the centre of 4.1
view.
Centre line
b) To be used for expressing the centre 4.2
Thin dashed trace when the centre has travelled.
-------
Reference dotted line To be used for indicating clearly that it is 4.3
line the base particularly for deciding position.
Pitch line To be used for indicating the reference to 4.4
take pitch of view of repetitive features.
9
B 0001: 2010
Table 5 (continued)
Name Reference
Special To be used for expressing the applicable 5.1
Thick dashed -------
designated range of special requirements where the
dotted line
line part is to be given special processing.
a) To be used for expressing the adjacent 6.1
part as reference.
b) To be used for expressing the position 6.2
of tool, jig, etc. for reference.
c) To be used for expressing the movable 6.3
part at a specified position in travel-
Fictitious ling or at the position of travelling
outline b) limit.
Thin dashed d) To be used for expressing the shape 6.4
double-dotted ----------
before or after processing.
line
e) To be used for expressing repetition. 6.5
f) To be used for expressing the viewer's 6.6
side of the drawn section.
Centroidal To be used for expressing the line connect- 6.7
line ing the centroids of section.
To be used for expressing the line that 6.8
Optical axis
indicates the optical axis passing through
line
a lens.
Dashed dotted ---------
To be used for expressing the piping route 6.9
line of water, oil, steam, water supply and
sewerage, etc.
Dashed
-------------
double-dotted
line
Dashed
triplicate- -----------------
dotted line
Long dashed -
To be used for expressing a certain 6.10
dotted line function by enclosing with a line in order
to distinguish water, oil, steam, a power
Pipeline, Long dashed
-----
supply section, an amplification section,
wiring, double-dotted
etc.
enclosing line
line
Long dashed
triplicate- ---------
dotted line
Double-dashed -----------
dotted line
Double-dashed To be used for expressing the piping route 6.11
double-dotted ----------
of water, oil, steam, etc.
line
Double-dashed
triplicate- ------------
dotted line
10
B 0001 : 2010
Table 5 (concl uded)
Name Reference
Irregular To be used for expressing the limit of 7.1
waveform, thin partial or interrupted view and section.
Break line
continuous line
or zigzag line
Thin dashed To be used for expressing the cutting 8.1
Cutting-
dotted line
whose end part
and direction
,-- position on the corresponding drawing
when drawing the sectional view.
plane line
changing part --~
are made
thick d)
Thin To be used for distinguishing the limited 9.1

continuous specific part of view from other parts.
Hatching
lines spaced For example, it indicates the section of
recularly sectional view.
a) To be used for expressing the extension 10.1
of visible outline and hidden outline.
Thin
continuous b) To be used for expressing that it is 10.2
line plane, by crossing two lines.
Line for
special use c) To be used for indicating or explaining 10.3
a position clearly.
Extra thick To be used for indicating clearly the single 11.1
coutinuous line drawing of thin wall part of a rolled
line steel plate or a glass.
Notes a) This line is not specified in JIS Z 8316.
b) The fictitious outline is used for indicating a shape which does not appear on the view
due to the projection method, but needs to be shown for convenience. Further, it is also
used for indicating the auxiliary view to assist the understanding on function and pro-
cessing. (For example, it can be used to link the switching caused by a relay.)
c)
Other types of lines should be in accordance with JIS Z 8312 or JIS Z 8321.
d) If there is no possibility of confusion, the end part and the part changing in direction
need not to be thick.
11
B 0001: 2010
Example 1
__.7-------------------
C2:Y
Example 2
Example 3
Example 4
Figure 6 Example of application of line
12
B 0001 : 2010
Example 5
11.1
Example 6
Example 7
~
----~
~
Example 8
"~
I
t-+- \
I \
Figure 6 (continued)
13
B 0001: 2010
Example 9
a) b) c)
Example 10
Example 11
Example 12
-- 1 ---+
Figure 6 (continued)
14
B 0001 : 2010
Example 13
J~~~--- ----
Sewerage line
Example 14
-15V
Example 15
a) b)
Example 16
Figure 6 (concl uded)
15
B 0001: 2010
6.3 Order of priority of coinciding lines

In the case where two or more lines of different types coincide, the following prior-
ity order shall be observed (figure 7).
a) Visible outline
b) Hidden outline
c) Cutting-plane line
d) Centre line
e) Centroidal line (see example 6 in figure 6)
f) Projection lines (see figure 93)
A-A A4
I
I
k
I ,
~_____
- -------r- '--
-'
y"
" -+=: __ -p-__ -roo--
- L /- --
I
ru
A~
Figure 7 Priority order of lines
7 Characters and texts
7.1 Types and height of characters
7.1.1 Types of characters

Types of characters shall be as follows:
a) The Japanese characters (Kanji) should preferably follow the List of Kanji desig-
nated for everyday use (Cabinet Notification No.1 on October 1, 1981). However,
Kanji of 16 strokes or more should be written by the Japanese syllabary (Kana)
where possible.
b) For the Japanese syllabary (Kana), either the square form (Katakana) or the cur-
sive form (Hiragana) shall be used, and the mixed use shall not be carried out in
the same series of drawings. However, the use of Katakana for description of words
of foreign origin, academic names of animals and plants, and expressions calling
attention is not considered to be mixed use.
0
Example: Description of word of foreign origin: #5/' (button), #/'7 (pump)

Expressions calling attention: ~~O),)tv (sagging of paint), ::r r::r r-s
(rattling sound)
16
B 0001 : 2010
c) The styles of Latin characters, numerals and symbols shall be upright or oblique
style of Type A or Type B, and shall not be mixed (see JIS Z 8313-0). Further,
quantity symbols shall be oblique, and unit symbols shall be upright.
7.1.2 Height of characters

The height of characters shall be as follows:
a) The height of characters shall generally be expressed by designation of the height h
of the basic framework in which the outer contour of the character is accommo-
dated.
NOTE: The size of Kanji and Kana shall be expressed by the height h of the
basic framework specified in JIS Z 8313-10. The size of Latin char-
acters, numerals, and symbols shall be expressed by the height h of
the basic framework specified in JIS Z 8313-1.
b) The height of Kanji shall be of 4 kinds, namely, nominal 3.5 3 ) mm, 5 mm, 7 mm
and 10 mm. The size of Japanese syllabary (Kana) shall be of 5 kinds, namely,
nominal 2.5 3 ) mm, 3.5 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm and 10 mm, unless otherwise required.
When the type used can be available only in predetermined character heights,
that of height close to above should be selected.
Note 3) In some types of duplicating methods, this character height is not ap-
plicable. Particular attention should be paid in the case of pencil writ-
ing.
c) The height of contracted sound characters "->v ", "f9:J" and" J:" and double consonant
character "-:>" of the Japanese syllabary (Kana) subscribed to other Japanese char-
acters (Kanji) or Japanese syllabary (Kana) shall be 0.7 in the ratio to the height
of the characters they are subscribed to.
d) The height of Latin characters, numerals and symbols shall be of 5 kinds; nomi-
nal 2.5 3 ) mm, 3.5 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm and 10 mm, unless otherwise required.
e) The space (a) between characters shall be at least twice the thickness (d) of the
line of characters.
The minimum pitch b of the base line shall be 14/10 of the maximum designa-
tion of the characters to be used (see figure 8).
f) Figures 9, 10 and 11 show examples of Kanji, Kana, and Latin characters and nu-
merals, respectively.
17
B 0001: 2010
a
Basic framework
Base line
-CJ
Base line
NOTE: The example in this figure is not for showing the style or shape
of characters.
Figure 8 Minimum pitch of the space between characters and

the base line
Height 10 mm
Height 7 mm
Height 5 mm
Height 3.5 mm
NOTE: The examples in this figure are not for showing styles or shapes of characters.
Figure 9 Examples of Kanji
18
B 0001 : 2010
Height 10 mm
71 ?I.~jJ=t- ??-
Height 7 mm :::J -It Y A 1! ') ~ =j- 'Y
Height 5 mm T =
r T .:x .:1'. . / 1\ t:
Height 3.5mm 7"*7~k.j.~1'
Height 2.5mm .:l. 3 "7 I) Jv v0 '7 /'
Height 10 mm ~ \, \ 1 ~ 13 b' ~ < ,t

Height 7 mm :: ~ L 91t ~ t:. i::> --:>
Height 5 mm l (: t:t t= It;). td. (J) L1 V
Height 3.5 mm ")" '" (i i h {; t) t ~
Height 2.5 mm VJ> .t .:, I) ,tI. ~ t> It;

Figure 10 Examples of Kana
Height 10mm
72345677890
Height 5mm 72345677890
Height 7mm
A BCDEFGHIJ
KLMNOPQR
STUVWXYZ
aabcdefghijkLm
nopqrstuvwxyz
Figure 11 Examples of numerals and Latin characters
19
B 0001: 2010
7.2 Expression of texts

The expression of texts shall be as follows:
a) The texts shall be written from left to right using literary-colloquial speech lan-
guage.
Further, as required, they shall be written with a space between words.
b) Notes in drawings shall be simple and clear.
Example: Technical drawing NOTES 1 The standard temperature of mea-
surement shall be in accordance with
JIS B 0680.
2 Surface A shall be fitted.
8 Method of projection
8.1 General matters

The projection view shall be drawn by third angle projection method. However, in
the case where the projection view cannot be drawn at correct arrangement by third
angle projection method due to shortage of space, or where, if a part of view is drawn
at a position according to the third angle projection method, the view becomes diffi-
cult to understand, the first angle projection method or the reference arrow layout given
in 8.5 which indicates the interrelationship in the projection view may be used (see
JIS Z 8316).
8.2 Name of projection view

The designation of respective views of the projection drawing of the object shown
in figure 12, shall be as follows:
Projection in direction a = Front view

Projection in direction b = Plan
c
Projection in direction c = Left side view
Projection in direction d = Right side view
Projection in direction e = Bottom view
Projection in direction f = Rear view
Figure 12 Designation of projection view

When the front view (main projection view) is selected (see 10.1.1), the angle formed
by the front view and the other related projection views shall be 90 or multiple of 90
(see figure 12).
8.3 Third angle projection method

In the third angle projection method, with the front view (a) being the reference,
other projection views are arranged as follows (see figure 13). In this case, symbols
20
B 0001 : 2010
of the projection method shown in figure 14 shall be indicated in the title block or in
vicinity thereto.
Plan view (b) is arranged at the top.
Bottom view (e) is arranged at the bottom.
Left side view (c) is arranged on the left side.
Right side view (d) is arranged on the right side.
Rear view (f) can be arranged on the left or right side as required.
(c) (a) (d) (f)
Figure 13 Third angle method Figure 14 Symbol of third

projection views angle method
8.4 First angle projection method

In the first angle projection method, with the front view (a) being the reference,
other projection views are arranged as follows (see figure 15). In this case, symbols
of the projection method shown in figure 16 shall be indicated in the title block or close
thereto.
Plan view (b) is arranged at the bottom.
Bottom view (e) is arranged at the top.
Left side view (c) is arranged on the right side.
Right side view (d) is arranged on the left side.
Rear view (f) can be arranged on the left or right side as required.
21
B 0001: 2010
(d) (a) (c) (f)
~
Figure 15 First angle method Figure 16 Symbol of first
projection view angle method
8.5 Reference arrow layout

In projection views which do not strictly follow the first angle or the third angle
projection method, views from various angles can be arranged at arbitrary positions
by using arrows.
Each projection view other than the main projection view is instructed by arrows
indicating the direction of projection and Latin capital characters for identification.
Every character shall be written clearly and upwardly irrespective of the direction of
projection.
The instructed projection view may be arranged at the position not corresponding
to the main projection view. The Latin capital characters to identify the projection
view shall be placed immediately below or above the related projection view. Refer-
ences shall be arranged consistently in the same manner within one drawing. No other
instructions are required (see figures 17 and 18).
lA
~g] ED A B
IB
c D E
Figure 17 Example of reference arrow layout projection view
22
B 0001 : 2010
A B
~---------:t ~ ~ ~
T.
I I
:.1...1
tD
c D
~-----------------t~t-~
-
----------------
-------------------------- r--, - ~--~-4
-----------
a)
A- I
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +-+-H-If-J-+-
b)
NOTE: Figure 18 a) is a view shown to exemplify the projection view method, and can be
partially omitted in the drawings (see 10.3).
Figure 18 Example of reference arrow layout
8.6 Other projection methods

In the case where the single view drawing must be drawn for the purpose of facili-
tating easy understanding of the shape of the object, it shall be drawn by using the
isometric projection, the oblique projection, the perspective projection, etc. Drawing
using the isometric projection and the oblique projection shall follow JIS Z 8315-3,
and drawing using the perspective projection, JIS Z 8315-4.
9 Scale
The scale to be used for drawing shall be in accordance with JIS Z 8314 and as
given in the following:
a) The scale shall be expressed by A : B
where, A: the corresponding length in the drawn view
B: actual length of object.
Further, in the case of full scale, both A and B shall be indicated by 1, in the
case of enlargement scale, B by 1 and in the case of reduction scale, A by 1.
23
B 0001: 2010
Example 1: In the case of full scale 1 : 1

Example 2: In the case of enlargement scale 5: 1
Example 3: In the case of reduction scale 1 : 2
b) Values of scales shall be as given in table 6.
c) In the case where different scales are used on the same drawing, only the main
scale shall be inscribed in the title block of the drawing. All other scales shall be
inscribed close to reference number of related parts (for example, CD) or to refer-
ence to character (for example, part A) of the detailed view (or sectional view).
In the case where the view is not proportional to the dimensions, this shall be
stated in a note given in an appropriate position of the drawing.
Further, the indications of these scales need not be provided in the case where
there is no fear of misreading.
d) In the case where a small object is drawn in large scale, full scale should prefer-
ably be added for reference. In this case, full scale should preferably be simpli-
fied to present only the shape of the object.
Table 6 Recommended scale
Type of scale Recommended scale

Full scale 1:1
Enlargement scale 50: 1 20: 1 10: 1
5:1 2:1
Reduction scale 1:2 1:5 1 : 10
1: 20 1: 50 1: 100
1: 200 1: 500 1 : 1000
1 : 2000 1 : 5000 1 : 10000
10 Expression of view
10.1 Expression of projection view
10.1.1 General matters

The general matters shall be as follows:
a) The projection view which gives most information on the object shall be the main
projection view or the front view.
b) In the case of presenting other projection views (including sectional views) as
required, sufficient number of necessary projection views and sectional views re-
quired to specify the object completely without any ambiguity shall be given.
c) Projection views without the need of using hidden contour lines or expressing edges
shall be selected wherever possible.
d) Unnecessary repetition of details shall be avoided.
24
B 0001 : 2010
10.1.2 Main projection view

The main projection view shall be as follows:
a) For main projection view, the surface indicating most clearly the shape and func-
tion of the object shall be drawn.
Further, depending on the purpose of the drawing, the object shall be drawn
in the following conditions:
1) In the drawing expressing mainly the function such as assembly drawing, the
object shall be drawn in the state of usage.
2) In the drawing for processing such as part drawings, the object shall be drawn
in the condition of being placed in the process where the drawing is most fre-
quently used (see figures 19 and 20).
a) b)
Figure 19 Example in the case Figure 20 Example in the case

of turning of milling
3) Unless there is a special reason, the object shall be drawn in the condition of
being placed horizontally.
b) The number of other projection views drawn to supplement the main projection
view shall be minimum, and for the object capable of being expressed by only the
main projection view, other projection views shall not be drawn (see figure 21).
~I t-+---I - - - -t+-~ ~1
Figure 21 Example of minimum projection view
c) The arrangement of interrelated figures shall be such that it can be completed

without using hidden outline as far as possible (see figure 22), except where com-
parison and contrast are difficult without the hidden outlines (see figure 23).
25
B 0001: 2010
~ ,[+
I~<~IIIII + I
1I
,- __11l __
I
i
I
I
I
~
i I
Figure 22 Example of Figure 23 Example of comparison and

avoiding the use contrast of holes
of hidden outlines
10.1.3 Partial view

Where the indication of only the required part of a figure is sufficient, the required
part shall be expressed as a partial view. In this case, the boundary of the eliminated
part shall be indicated by break line (see figure 24). However, where it is clear enough,
the line may be omitted.
DLPt-----------------,~~
Figure 24 Example of partial view
10.1.4 Local view

Where representation of the shape of only a part, such as a hole or groove is suf-
ficient, the required part shall be expressed as the local view. For indicating the pro-
jecting relation, it shall be connected by centre line, reference line, projection lines,
etc. to the main figures (see figures 25 and 26).
26
B 0001 : 2010
-$-
Figure 25 Example of local view 1
-t-----__+_ -f----+
I I
I I
-----If--------_I----- ---+-- ---tt-- -----1------_1----- ---+-- - - - t t - -
a) b)
Figure 26 Example of local view 2
10.1.5 Elements on larger scale

In cases where the view of a specific part is so small that details of the feature cannot
be shown or dimensioned, the feature of the part may be framed by a continuous thin
line and identified by a Latin capital letter and the relevant feature is then drawn to
a stated larger scale accompanied by its identification letter (see figure 27). Where
the indication of scale of enlarged view is not required, the term "Enlarged view" may
be appended instead of the scale.
A(5 : 1)
Figure 27 Example of elements on larger scale
10.1.6 Revolved projection

Where the actual shape does not appear in the drawing due to the projection angle,
the actual shape may be indicated by drawing with the part revolved [see figures 28 a)
and b)].
Further, where there is a fear of misreading, the line used for drawing shall be re-
tained [see figure 28 c)].
27
B 0001: 2010
a) Example of revolved representation of arm
b) Example of not retaining c) Example of retaining line

line used for drawing used for drawing
Figure 28 Example of revolved projection
10.1.7 Auxiliary view

In the case of an object having inclined surface part and where expressing the actual
shape of the inclined surface is required, it shall be expressed as follows by auxiliary
VIew:
a) In the case where it is necessary to draw the actual shape of an inclined surface
of an object, it shall be expressed as auxiliary view at a position opposing the
inclined surface (see figure 29). In this case, it is acceptable that only the required
parts are drawn as partial view (see 10.1.3) or local view (see 10.1.4).
Figure 29 Example of auxiliary view
28
B 0001 : 2010
b) In the case where the auxiliary view cannot be arranged at a position opposing
the inclined surface (see figure 29) due to the limit of paper surface or the like, it
shall be presented by the reference arrow layout, with the indication of arrow marks
and capital letters [see figure 30 a)]. However, as shown in figure 30 b), the pro-
jection relation may be indicated by connecting with a folded centre line.
a) b)
Figure 30 Examples of auxiliary projection method
In the case where the arrangement relation of auxiliary view (including projection
view of required part) is difficult to understand, the grid reference symbol of the re-
gion of drawing of counter position shall be appended to respective indicating letters
(see figure 31).
A(B-2)
A(E-7)
;I
NOTE: The grid reference symbol (example E-7) indicates the region of drawing where the auxil-
iary view is drawn and the symbol (example B-2) indicates the region of drawing where
the arrow mark is drawn, both of which are formed by assembling reference letters according
to grid reference system (see JIS Z 8311).
Figure 31 Example of adding zoning symbol
10.2 Sectional view

a) In order to indicate the hidden part with clarity, it may be drawn as the sectional
view. For the sectional view, cut temporarily the object by using a cutting plane,
remove the part on the viewer's side of the cutting plane and draw in accordance
with 10.1.
b) Where cutting the object interferes with understanding (see example 1), or cutting
has no significance (see example 2), the object shall not be cut in the longitudinal
direction (see figure 32).
29
B 0001: 2010
Example 1 Rib (of gear wheel), arm, teeth of gear wheel

Example 2 Shaft, pin, bolt, nut, washer, machine screw, rivet, key, steel ball,
cylindrical roller
Tooth of gear wheel
Figure 32 Example in which cutting is not performed
c) In the case where the position of the section must be indicated, a thin dashed dotted
line having thick parts at both ends and where the cutting direction changes shall
be used. In the case where the projection direction must be indicated, an arrow
indicating the projection direction shall be inscribed at both ends of the dashed
dotted line. In addition, in the case where the section must be identified, the
projection direction shall be indicated by the arrow, and representation shall be
made by symbols of capital Latin letters, with the ID symbol of the referred sec-
tion (for example, A-A) inscribed at the end of the arrow immediately below or
above the corresponding sectional view (see figure 33).
d) Hatching, if applied in order to show the section, shall be as follows:
1) Hatching should be based on thin continuous lines which are given at an angle
of 45 to the principle centre lines.
2) In order to indicate materials and the like on the sectional view, special hatch-
ing may be applied. In this case, designate clearly the meaning of the hatching
in the drawing or indicate by citing the corresponding standard.
3) Where sections of the same part in parallel planes are shown side by side, the
hatching shall be identical (see figures 35 and 37). However, hatching may be
30
B 0001 : 2010
offset along the dividing line between the sections if greater clarity is considered
necessary (see figure 33).
4----~ A
Figure 33 Example of designation of cross section and

offset hatching
4) The hatching of adjacent sections shall be divided by changing the direction of

line or the angle or changing its interval (see figures 34 and 35).
5) The hatching shall be interrupted when it is not possible to place inscriptions
of letter, symbol or the like outside the hatched area (see figure 34).
6) Where the area of section is large, the hatching shall be applied in a suitable
range along the visible outline (see figure 35).
Figure 34 Example of line Figure 35 Example of hatching

direction and obtained by changing
interrupted line directions and
hatching their intervals along
visible outline
31
B 0001: 2010
10.2.2 Full sectional view

The full sectional view shall be drawn as follows:
a) Select the cutting plane which expresses most clearly the fundamental shape of
the object to draw (see figures 36 and 37). In this case, do not inscribe the cut-
ting-plane line.
Figure 36 Example of full Figure 37 Example of full

sectional view 1 sectional view 2
b) When required, select the cutting plane which expresses clearly the shape of a
specific part to draw. In this case, indicate the cutting position with the cutting-
plane line (see figure 38).
Figure 38 Example of indicating the cutting position
10.2.3 Half sectional view

The object of symmetrical shape may be expressed by combination of half of full
view and half of full sectional view (see figure 39).
32
B 0001 : 2010
Figure 39 Example of half sectional view
10.2.4 Local sectional view

In the full view, only the required part may be expressed as the local sectional view.
In this case, indicate the boundary by a break line (see figure 40).
Figure 40 Example of local sectional view
10.2.5 Revolved section

The section of arm, rim, rib, hook, shaft, members of structures and the like of
handles and wheels may be expressed by revolving by 90 according to the following:
a) Break the front and rear of the section plane to draw between them (see figure 41).
b) Draw on the extended cutting-plane line (see figures 42, 52 and 54) .
-E-3-
a) b)
Figure 41 Example of representation of the revolved broken

cross section
33
B 0001: 2010
Figure 42 Example of cross section drawn on the extended line

of a cutting-plane line
c) Draw the section with thin continuous line so as to overlap the cutting position
in the view (figures 43 and 44).
Figure 43 Example in which cross section is drawn in the cutting

position 1
Figure 44 Example in which cross section is drawn in the cutting

position 2
10.2.6 Sectional view by combination

The sectional drawing to be carried out by combination of sectional view of not less
than two cutting planes shall be as follows:
Further, in this case, append the arrow marks and character symbols of capital Latin
letters indicating the direction of viewing the sectional surface, as required (see fig-
ure 45).
a) In the case of the object of symmetric shape or of any shape close to it, one side of
the object may be cut in parallel to the projection plane by making the centre line
of symmetry the boundary, and the other side at an angle relating to the projec-
tion plane. In this case, indicate the latter sectional view by rotating toward the
projection plane by its angle (figures 45 and 46).
34
B 0001 : 2010
Figure 45 Example of sectional view by combination
A-O-A
Figure 46 Example of representation of transferred cross section
b) The sectional view may be indicated by combining only the required parts of
sectional view cut by not less than two parallel planes. In this case, indicate the
position of cutting by the cutting-plane line and connect the two cutting-plane lines
at an arbitrary position in order to indicate that it is the sectional view by com-
bination (see figure 47).
Figure 47 Example of sectional view by combination
c) In the case of representing the section of curved tube and the like, cut it along
the centre line of its bend, and project as it is (see figure 48).
35
B 0001: 2010
D-D
Figure 48 Example of sectional view by curved tube
d) The sectional view may be expressed by combination of methods of a) to c), as

required (see figures 49 and 50).
A-O-8-C-D
Figure 49 Example of representation by combination of sections 1
36
B 0001 : 2010
Figure 50 Example of representation by combination of sections 2
10.2.7 Representation by many sectional views

Representation by many sectional views shall be as follows:
a) In the case of expressing the object of complex shape, many sectional views may
be drawn, as required (see figures 51 and 52).
A-A 8-8
+
C-O-E-F
Figure 51 Example of many sections
b) For a series of sectional views, it is preferable to draw by aligning the directions

of projection for convenience of inscription of dimensions and for understanding
of the drawing. In this case, it is desirable to arrange the sections on the extended
lines of cutting-plane lines (see figure 52) or on the main centre line (see figure 53).
37
B 0001: 2010
A-A B-B C-C D-D
~-$-$$
Figure 52 Example of arrangement of sections on the extended
lines of cutting-plane lines
Figure 53 Example of arrangement of sections on the main

centre line
c) In the case where the shape of the object changes gradually, it may be represented
by many sections (see figure 54).
- -----...J]
9_____
Figure 54 Example of many sections that change gradually
38
B 0001 : 2010
10.2.8 Thin sections

In the case where the section is thin in gasket, thin plate, steel section, etc. the
sectional view may be expressed according to the following.
a) Thin sections shall be entirely black [see figures 55 a) and b)].
b) Thin sections shall be expressed by extra thick lines, independently of the actual
dimension [see figures 55 c) and d)].
Further, in either of the above cases, where these sections are adjacent to each
other, provide a slight clearance between the views (including the clearance be-
tween the view expressing the other part). This clearance shall be 0.7 mm or more.
Coating
x x x filter
u
a) b) c) d)
Figure 55 Examples of sectional views of thin wall parts
10.3 Omission of views

In order to represent with clarity the part which is to be indicated, it is preferable
to carry out the indication as follows:
a) The hidden outline should be omitted if the omission does not interfere with un-
derstanding (see B of figure 56).
c
t
------ ----tit- ~
A B
A ~i---- B
8FJ
r++l
lJJ
t
D
c D
~7-------7-------~-------~-----ijt --ir-----------~
Figure 56 Example of omission of hidden outline
b) In the case where drawing all parts visible in the supplementary projection view
[see figure 57 a)] makes the view rather difficult to understand, representation by
a partial view [see figures 57 b) and 58], or auxiliary view (see figure 59) should
instead be made.
39
B 0001: 2010
a) b)
Figure 57 Example of partial view 1
Figure 58 Example of partial Figure 59 Example of auxiliary

view 2 view
c) The line appearing ahead of the cutting plane [see figure 60 a)] should preferably
be omitted if the omission does not interfere with the understanding [see
figure 60 b)].
a)
b)
Figure 60 Examples of omission of line appearing ahead of

the eu tting plane
d) Views having a specific shaped part should be drawn so that the part is positioned
on the upper side of the view wherever possible. For example, in the case where
the boss hole having keyway, tube and cylinder having hole or groove in the wall,
ring having cut splits are indicated by drawing, they should be in accordance with
the exam pIe of figure 61.
40
B 0001 : 2010
a) b) c)
Figure 61 Examples of drawing the specific shaped parts

on the upper position
e) For the holes and the like arranged on the pitch circle 4), in the projection view of
side surface (including sectional view), the thin dashed dotted line expressing a
circular cylinder made by pitch circle and one hole on just one side (independently
of projection relation) shall be indicated by drawing, and other holes may be omitted
(see figures 58 and 62). In this case, the arrangement of holes shall be made clear
by indicating in the view expressing it or the like.
Note 4) In JIS concerning flanges, the pitch circle is expressed as the "bolt hole
centre circle".
Figure 62 Example of simplified drawing of holes which appear

in the side view
10.3.2 Omission of view of symmetrical parts

In the case of symmetrical parts, one side of the line of symmetry may be omitted
according to either one of the following methods:
a) Only the view on one side of line of symmetry is drawn, and two short parallel
thin lines (symbol representing symmetrical drawing) shall be appended at both
end parts of the line of symmetry (see figures 63, 64 and 65).
41
B 0001: 2010
I "
------~--=--=--====--=------
Figure 63 Figure 64 Figure 65

Example of designation Example of designation Example of designation
of symbol representing of symbol representing of symbol representing
symmetrical drawing 1 symmetrical drawing 2 symmetrical drawing 3
b) The view of one side of the line of symmetry is shown extending little beyond the
line of symmetry. In this case, the symmetrical drawing symbols may be omitted
(see figures 66 and 67).
Figure 66 Example of representa- Figure 67 Example of representa-

tion without symmetri- tion without symmetri-
cal drawing symbol 1 cal drawing symbol 2
10.3.3 Omission of view of repetitive features

In the case where many views of the same kind and the same shape are presented
in a row, views may be omitted according to the following.
a) Instead of actual shape, inscribe the graphic symbol at the intersecting point of
pitch line and centre line (see figure 68). However, where the view is omitted by
using the graphic symbol, the meaning of the symbol shall be described at a con-
spicuous position (see figure 68) or by using a leader line [see figure 69 b)].
42
B 0001 : 2010
til
- ~- t J ,,
til
~
_1
" !-
\J
1
!
- 1
!-
1
!
- 1
!-
1
!
- 1
! -
1
! t Note +:
- - - -
- - - - - -
I I I I I I I I I I
"
\J
- - - -
"
\J
a)
(-~--
hi! 1
!
1_--+i- 1
! I I !
1
! !--t~ Note +: Bolt M20
::ii
- - -
I II
-'-~~
I I
- II - - ::-
~'--' I
I
I
I
I IIii I
I
I
I
II
--- ~-
II
b)
't-f-l ~
,I'
,I'
-< ,I'
Note *: Bolt M24
,I' +: Bolt M20
,I'
1 - r--
I
I
I -l-
I
I -l-
I
I -I-
I
/ i\ I
c)
Figure 68 Example of omission of view by using graphic symbol
43
B 0001: 2010
b) In the case where there is no fear of misreading, indicate both end parts (one end
for one pitch) or only the essential points according to the actual shape or graphic
symbol and in other cases, indicate with the intersecting point of pitch line and
centre line (see figure 69). However, where the position of the intersecting point
is clear by the inscription of dimension, the centre line intersecting the pitch line
may be omitted (see figure 70).
Further, in this case, number of repetitive parts shall be indicated with inscrip-
tion of dimension or by a note.
12x11 12xM10
a) b) c)
Figure 69 Example of omission of repetitive views by using centre line
14x 12(-168)
-
42x8
12
q-
OJ " - -
I
(
II C\J
'-'
C\J
~
x
I"-
~
) i
i
- - A
T
Figure 70 Example of omission of repetitive views where the position of

the intersecting point is clear by the inscription of dimension
10.3.4 Omission of intermediate parts

Parts of the same sectional shape (see Example 1), the parts where the same shapes
are in a row regularly (see Example 2) or the parts of long taper and the like (see
Example 3) may be indicated by omitting the intermediate parts and showing only the
essential parts by bringing them closer together, so that space can be saved.
Example 1 Shaft, bar, tube, steel section
Example 2 Rack, master screw of machine tool, parapet of bridge, ladder
Example 3 Taper shaft
In this case, indicate the end parts, from which the intermediate part is cut, with
the break line (see figures 71, 72 and 73).
In the case where only the essential points are indicated by drawing, if not confus-
ing, the break line may be omitted (see the right side of figure 72). In the case of
omitting the long taper part or sloping part, the part with a slight inclination does not
have to be indicated by drawing the actual angle [see figure 73 b)].
44
B 0001 : 2010
a) b)
Figure 71 Examples of omission of intermediate parts 1
Figure 72 Example of omission of intermediate parts 2
8-8-
a) In the case of rapid inclination
a-E3
b) In the case of slight inclination
Figure 73 Examples of omission of intermediate parts of taper shaft
10.4 Special representation of view
10.4.1 Indication of two-surface intersecting part

The lines expressing the intersecting part (inter-passing part) of two surfaces shall
be as follows:
a) In the case where the intersecting part has roundness and it is required to express
this rounded part in the corresponding view, it shall be expressed by thick con-
tinuous line at the position of intersecting line in the case where intersecting part
has no roundness as shown in figure 74.
45
B 0001: 2010
+-fJ- I Hi +-$-+ I Hi
a) b)
c)
Figure 74 Examples of intersecting part
b) The line (inter-passing line) of intersecting part of curved surfaces or curved sur-
face with plane shall be represented by straight line [see figures 75 a), b), c), d),
e) and f)] or by arcs similar to the correct projection [see figures 75 g), h) and i)].
46
B 0001 : 2010
a)
9$ b) c)
d) e) f)
g) b) i)
Figure 75 Examples of simplified representation of intersecting parts
c) The ends of lines expressing the rib or the like shall be stopped as it is straight
line [see figure 76 a)].
Further, in the case where the radii of relating roundness are significantly dif-
ferent, the ends may be stopped by curving inward or outward [see figures 76 b)
and c)].
I (
,
- I
I
)
I
a) In the ordinary case b) In the case of Rl <R2

Figure 76 Examples of simplified representation of intersecting
part of rib
47
B 0001: 2010
)
- "'
./
!
(
c) In the case of Rl>R2

Figure 76 (concluded)
10.4.2 Representation of plane part

In the case where it is required to indicate that a certain part in the view is a plane,
the part shall be represented by thin continuous diagonal lines (see figure 77).
a) b)
Figure 77 Example of representation of plane parts
10.4.3 Representation of development

In the case where the developed shape of object made by bending a plate or of object
constituted of surfaces is required to be indicated, it shall be indicated by development.
In this case, it is preferable to inscribe "development" either above or below the
development consistently (see figure 78).
Development
Figure 78 Example of representation of development
48
B 0001 : 2010
10.4.4 Limitation of working and treatment range

In the case where special processing is applied to a part of surface of the object,
the range may be indicated by thick dashed dotted line drawn in parallel to visible
outline and slightly apart from it [see figures 79 a) and 188]. Further, in the case where
it is required to indicate a specific range in the view, enclose the range with thick dashed
dotted line [see figure 79 b)].
In these cases, indicate the necessary items concerning special processing.
Induction hardening
~
--t-
on this surface
~.
'-
Insulation coating
on this surface
a) b)
Figure 79 Example of designation of limited range
10.4.5 Indication of worked parts

The worked parts shall be indicated as follows:
a) In the case where it is required to represent the weld portion of welded part for
reference, the indication shall be as follows:
1) In the case of indicating the overlapping relation of weld constructed materi-
als, it shall be in accordance with the example of figure 80.
2) In the case of indicating the overlapping relation of weld constructed materi-
als, and type and size of the weld, the designation shall be made using weld sym-
bols in figure 81 a), and in the case of not requesting any weld dimensions as
in assembly view, the designation shall be made by marking the weld location
in accordance with the example of figure 81 b).
Figure 80
[]
Example of designation of weld
49
B 0001: 2010
[]
a) b)
Figure 81 Examples of designation of weld
b) The example of weld construction for increasing the strength of thin-plate is shown
in figure 82.
Figure 82 Example of designation of weld construction
c) In views of knurled part, metal wire net, checkered steel plate, etc., their features
may be expressed as graphic patterns on a part of the outline, in which case, the
following examples should be referred to (figures 83, 84 and 85).
a) b)
Figure 83 Example of graphic representation of knurled part
50
B 0001 : 2010
a) b) c)
Figure 84 Example of graphic representation of metal wire net
Figure 85 Example of graphic representation of checkered steel plate
Further, in the case where it is specially required to indicate nonmetallic materi-

als, the representation shall, as a rule, be as shown in figure 86 or in the relevant stan-
dard. In this case also the name of material shall be inscribed separately with letters
in the part drawing. In the case of indicating the appearance and also the section,
representation should be in accordance with the following.
Material Representation
Glass
1% % %1 ~
Heat insulating sound
absorbing material
~
Wood
~ ~
Concrete
:00. 0 :~I
1 . ~~.f*:;?:~f
Liquid
I - I
Figure 86 Examples of graphic representation of nonmetallic
materials
d) The graphic representation of shape of object to be expressed in view before or after

processing shall be as follows:
1) In the case where the shape before processing or rough piece dimension is to be
indicated, the representation shall be by thin dashed double-dotted line [see
examples 9 a) in figure 6].
2) In the case where the shape after processing, for example, the shape after as-
sembly, is to be expressed, the representation shall be by thin dashed double-
dotted line [see example 9 b) in figure 6].
51
B 0001: 2010
e) In the case where it is required to indicate for reference the shape of tools, jigs,
etc. or the size of tool to be used for processing, the representation should be by
thin dashed double-dotted line (see example 8 in figure 6).
10.4.6 Other special methods of representation

Other special methods of representation shall be as follows:
a) In the case where it is required to indicate the part on the viewer's side of the
cutting plane, the representation should be by thin dashed double-dotted line (see
example 11 in figure 6).
b) In the case where it is required to indicate for reference the parts adjacent to the
object to be expressed, the representation should use thin dashed double-dotted
line.
The view of the object to be expressed shall not be drawn with hidden outline
even though it is hidden by the adjacent part (see example 7 in figure 6). The ad-
jacent parts in the sectional view shall not be hatched.
11 Dimensioning
11.1 General matters

a) Dimensions that are considered essential in light of the function, production, as-
sembly, etc. shall be inscribed clearly in the drawing.
b) Dimensions that are necessary and sufficient to express the size, figure and posi-
tion of the object most clearly shall be indicated.
c) Dimensions shall be indicated with dimension figures by using dimension line,
projection line, symbol for dimensioning, etc.
d) Dimensions shall be indicated collectively in the main projection view, as far as
possible.
e) Unless otherwise indicated, the dimensions given shall be the finished dimensions
of the object expressed in the view of the drawing.
NOTE: Some drawings of cast parts are composed of the final machining draw-
ing, as-cast drawing, pre-machining drawing and the like, which are
respectively inscribed with finished dimensions, as-cast dimensions and
pre-machining dimensions.
f) The dimensions shall be inscribed as thoroughly as possible so that no calculation
IS necessary.
g) In the case where there is a feature to be a reference when machining or assem-

bly is performed, the dimensions based on the referenced feature shall be inscribed
(see figure 87).
52
B 0001 : 2010
23
31
36
Figure 87 Example of dimensioning based on a reference
h) Where possible, dimensions shall be arranged dividedly according to respective

processes (see figure 88).
7 12 7
~
~
(Y) LD 0 (XJ C\J CD (XJ CD
(Y) C\J C\J .- .- - - - -.- C\J
B- B- B- B- B- B- B- B-
2
V 2
~ r1
30
Figure 88 Example of divided arrangement of dimensions

according to each process
i) Where possible, the interrelated dimensions should be inscribed collectively in one

place (see figure 89).
8 x 23 drill
Figure 89 Example of designation of interrelated dimensions
53
B 0001: 2010
j) Duplicated inscription of dimensions shall be avoided. However, it is permitted

in the multi-sheet drawing, where duplicated inscription of dimensions facilitate
understanding of the drawings [this can be done, for example, by marking black
dots before dimension figures that are duplicate (see figure 90) and by giving a note
on the symbol to explain that it indicates duplicated inscription].
70
67
61
+0.02
53.6 0
! r
~~
LD LD
~),
,/ 0 o
;>"'" oei oei
~l
(Y)
- r----- ~ 0-
N I
0-
cv)
J ~
cv) +-~~~-~-~,-----f
-a-~
(Y)
(Y) +--+--~-
.1--t==t=jC_=_=I======~
c7'
42
NOTE: is duplicated dimension.
Figure 90 Example of duplicated inscription of dimensions
k) The dimension of a segment of a circular arc shall be expressed with the radius
when the angle of the circular arc is up to 180 [see figure 91 a)] and with the di-
ameter when it exceeds 180 [see figure 91 b)]. However, even when the angle of
the circular arc is within 180, the dimension of diameter shall be inscribed when
the dimension of diameter is specially required in terms of function or machining
(see figure 92).
a) b)
Figure 91 Example of radius Figure 92 Example of diameter

and diameter
1) For dimensions required due to the function (including interchangeability), the

permissible deviations shall be indicated in accordance with JIS Z 8318, except
for the theoretically correct dimensions and reference dimensions.
In addition, when the permissible deviation of dimensions is not designated, the
general dimension tolerance individually specified shall be applied. In this case,
the number of the standard and class symbol or numerical value applied shall be
indicated collectively within or adjacent to the title block.
54
B 0001 : 2010
m) Among dimensions, theoretically correct dimensions shall be indicated within

rectangular frames, and reference dimensions, in parentheses.
Reference dimensions shall not be targeted for verification.
11.2 Projection lines

The projection lines shall be as follows:
a) The dimension line shall, as a rule, be inscribed by using projection lines and
dimension figures shall be indicated thereon (see figure 93). However, in the case
where the drawing becomes confusing if the projection lines are drawn, this does
not have to be applied (see figure 94).
Figure 93 Example of projection Figure 94 Example of not using

lines and dimension projection lines
lines
b) The projection lines shall be drawn perpendicularly to the dimension line through
the points or the centres of lines which correspond to the ends of the dimensions
to be indicated on the view, and extended until exceeding slightly the dimension
line (see figure 93). The projection lines may be slightly apart from the view, but
they should be consistently so within single-sheet drawing or through all sheets
in multi-sheet drawing (see figure 95).
Figure 95 Example of projection lines provided with gap
c) In order to clearly specify the positions of points or lines of which the dimension
is to be inscribed, where specially required, projection lines that are parallel to
each other may be drawn at a suitable angle to the dimension lines. The angle
should be 60 where possible (see figure 96).
55
B 0001: 2010
Figure 96 Example of lines drawn for clear presentation of

the position of dimension
d) When rounding or chamfering is applied between two surfaces intersecting at an

angle, in order to indicate the intersecting position of the two surfaces, the pro-
file before rounding or chamfering shall be expressed by thin continuous lines. The
projection lines shall be drawn from the intersecting point of these drawn lines
[see figure 97 a)].
Further, in this case, when it is required to indicate the intersecting point clearly,
the lines shall be drawn to intersect with each other or black dot shall be attached
to the intersecting point [see figure 97 b) and c)].
a) b) c)
Figure 97 Examples of projection lines drawn from rounding or

chamfering parts
11.3 Dimension lines

The dimension lines shall be as follows:
a) The dimension line shall be drawn in parallel to the direction of length to be in-
dicated or of angle to be measured (see figure 98) and at both ends of the line, the
end symbols shall be appended (see figure 99).
In addition, within one sheet of drawing, except where the specifications of 11.3
g) 3) are applied, use of dimension lines shown in figures 99 a), b) and c) shall not
be mixed.
a) Dimension of b) Dimension of c) Dimension of d) Angular

side length chord length arc length dimension
Figure 98 Examples of side, chord and arc length dimensions and
angular dimension
56
B 0001 : 2010
a) IE ~I
b) t t
c) /r-r-----------7I'71/
Figure 99 Examples of end symbols
b) The dimension lines for inscribing the angular dimension shall be expressed by a
circular arc drawn between both sides or their extended lines with the intersect-
ing point of the two sides or their extended lines (projection lines) forming the angle
as the centre (see figure 100).
a) b)
Figure 100 Examples of designation of angular dimension
c) The dimension line to inscribe the angular size dimension shall be expressed by
the circular arc drawn within the angle formed by two planes of a feature or within
the angle formed by opposing bus lines of a circular-cone surface (see figure 101).
a) b)
Figure 101 Examples of dimension lines of angular size dimension
d) In the case where the dimension lines are adjacent and continuous, the dimension
lines should preferably be inscribed on the same straight line [see figure 102 a)].
Further, the dimensions of the interrelated parts should preferably be inscribed
on the same straight line [see figure 102 b)].
a) b)
Figure 102 Example of aligning dimension lines
57
B 0001: 2010
e) The inscription of the dimension between features that are stepped shall be in
accordance with either of the following:
1) Designate the chain dimensioning between the features (see figure 103).
Figure 103 Example of designation of chain dimensioning
2) Designate the symbol of origin on the side of one of the features and the arrow
head on the side of the other feature according to the superimposed running
dimensioning (see figure 104).
Figure 104 Example of designation of running dimension
f) When the design requirement is satisfied by designating the drill diameter and
reamer diameter of hole drilling, the milling cutter diameter of flattening (see fig-
ure 1), the broach size of groove work, etc., designate those tool diameters.
g) For dimensioning in a limited space, an enlarged drawing of the part can be used
or any of the following may be performed:
1) Draw the leader line in oblique direction from the dimension line and inscribe
the dimension figure above its end. In this case, nothing shall be attached to
the end of the leading-out side of leader line (see figure 105).
-tt---r--- --~ .-------r-r-----------r-r--Hf-
24
Figure 105 Example of dimensioning using leader lines
2) Extend the dimension lines and inscribe the dimensions above the extended ends
(see figures 105 and 106).
58
B 0001 : 2010
3) Where the interval of projection lines is too narrow to inscribe the arrow marks,
black dots (see figure 106) or oblique lines (see figure 105) may be used instead.
5 2 5
U)
N
~
- B-
oo
B-
+-
I
- - -I I
I I
-
...... -
I
Figure 106 Example of extended dimension lines
h) In the case of drawing where only one side of the line of symmetry is indicated in
symmetrical view, extend the dimension line adequately beyond the line of
symmetry. In this case, do not attach the end symbol on the end of extended di-
mension line (see figure 107). However, in the case where there is no fear of mis-
understanding, the dimension line does not have to exceed the centre line (see
figure 108).
o
N
a) b)
Figure 107 Example of dimension lines of half view of

symmetrical part
1600
1200
I
!
I
lOOOI
2500
Figure 108 Example of not extending the dimension line

beyond the centre line
i) In the symmetrical view in which dimensions of many diameters are inscribed, the
dimensions may be inscribed above shortened dimension lines that are aligned in
several steps as shown in the example of figure 109.
59
B 0001: 2010
cb247
cb221
cblQ5 cb420
cb16Q cb3Q2
143 ~
117 cb338
I~... ..........
cbQl
f I
! J...................
i cb60 ..................... ... ... ... ... ...
=t= 70
104
J ~
325
cb500 J
cb512
130 cb351
cb156 378
182 406
cb208
234
Figure 109 Example of short dimension lines
11.4 Dimension figures

Dimension figures shall be designated as follows:
a) The dimension figure of length shall, as a rule, be indicated in millimetres, with-
out the unit symbol.
b) The dimension figure of angle shall be indicated in degrees, and when required,
minutes and seconds may be used in combination. For expressing degrees, min-
utes and seconds, 0, ' and" shall be inscribed, respectively, on the right shoulder
of the numeral.
Example 1 90, 22.5, 6 21' 5" (or 6 21' 05"), 8 0' 12" (or 8 00' 12"), 3' 21"
Further, in the case where the dimension figure of angle is indicated in radians,
the unit symbol rad shall be inscribed.
Example 2 0.52 rad, n/3 rad
c) The decimal point in a dimension figure shall be a sufficiently large dot inscribed
at the bottom, in the centre between adequately spaced numerals. Further, in di-
mension figures of multiple places, respective numerals shall be adequately spaced,
with no comma appended.
Example: 123.25 12.00 22320
d) The dimensioning shall be in accordance with one of the following except in the
case of superimposed running dimensions (see 11.5.3).
1) The numerals of dimension figures shall be so written that they can be read from
the lower side of the drawing for horizontal dimension lines and from the right
side of the drawing for vertical dimension lines. Dimension figures on oblique
dimension lines shall be also inscribed according to this (see figures 110, 111
and 112).
2) The numerals of dimension figures shall be inscribed, without interrupting the
dimension line, along and above, and slightly spaced from the dimension line.
60
B 0001 : 2010
In this case, the figure should be at the centre of the dimension line (see fig-
ure 110).
75
70 10 26
c-~!
(Y)
o 0
- f--- 1 - - - -----
1.0 (Y)
B- B-
Figure 110 Examples of dimensioning in horizontal and vertical

directions
a) b)
Figure 111 Example of Figure 112 Example of dimensioning

dimensioning of angles
of lengths
3) Inscription of dimension line in the direction of angle of about 30 or less from

the upper-left toward the lower-right relative to the vertical line shall be avoided
[see figure 113 a)]. However, in the case where use of dimension line is required
by the relation of the view, it shall be inscribed in a way that there can be no
confusion, as appropriate for the particular position in which it is to be given
[see figures 113 b) and c)].
61
B 0001: 2010
a) b) c)
Figure 113 Example of avoiding inscription of dimension line

in the direction of angle of about 30 or less
e) A series of numerals indicating the dimension figures should preferably be writ-

ten at a position where they are not divided by any line drawn on the drawing [see
figure 114 a)].
f) The dimension figures shall not be inscribed overlapping on a line. However, where
unavoidable, they shall be inscribed using a leader line [see figure 114 b)].
200
200
a) Example of directly inscribing b) Example using a leader line
Figure 114 Example of not overlapping the dimension figure on

dimension line
g) The dimension figures shall be inscribed avoiding any position where dimension
lines intersect each other (see figure 115).
30
Figure 115 Example of inscribing dimension figures avoiding

intersection of dimension lines
h) In the case where the dimensions of diameters inscribed by drawing projection lines
are aligned in the direction of the centre line of symmetry, the dimension lines
shall be drawn at the same intervals as far as possible and the dimension figures
62
B 0001 : 2010
shall be inscribed forming a file with the smaller dimensions in the inside and the
larger dimensions on the outside [see figure 116 a)]. However, in the case where
the interval of dimension lines is narrow due to the shortage of space, the dimen-
sion figures may be written on both sides of the centre line of symmetry alternately
[see figure 116 b)].
I I
" " a
I"-
LD
0-
B-
B-
a a LD LD
- 1 - - - - r-I"- OJ 0- a - - - - I-
B- B- B- B.
a
OJ
B- LD
a
S
/ /
J J
a) b)
Figure 116 Example of designation of multiple diameters
i) In the case where the dimension line is long and dimension figure centred on it
can be ambiguous, the dimension figure may be inscribed close to either of the end
marks (figure 117).
800
700
r--- -
600
1000
Figure 117 Example in the case of long dimension lines
j) Instead of dimension figures, letter symbols may be used. In this case, the corre-
sponding numerals shall be indicated separately (see figures 118 and 119).
63
B 0001: 2010
~r---r
i,....-...r----~___,~......... (~
o L!) \ 0 L!) 0
~ - r- -- c:r- r------t-t-----t--g] -- - ~ --+-+---t-+- ~
-e. -e: -e.
~~~____~~~__~J ~
-e. -e.
- < - - - ..... ...."---'-
45 45
(370)
4370
A= 12
B= 10
Part number
Symbol
1 2 3
Ll 1q15 2500 3115
L2 2085 1500 885
Figure 118 Example of tabular-form Figure 119 Example of use of

dimensioning letter symbols
11.5 Arrangement of dimensions
11.5.1 Chain dimensioning

Chain dimensioning is applicable in the case where the dimensional tolerances given
for individual dimensions continuing in series may be accumulated successively (see
figure 120).
15 14 22 14 22 14 15
(116)
Figure 120 Example of chain dimensioning
11.5.2 Parallel dimensioning

In parallel dimensioning, the individual dimensional tolerances, since they are
inscribed in parallel, do not influence other dimensional tolerances (see figures 121 and
122). In this case, the positions of projection lines on the common side shall be selected
properly, taking into consideration the function or processing conditions, etc. of the part.
64
B 0001 : 2010
-t--I' '\
"- ./
1'1'\
,~ ----E ;,----E ;,- 1'1'\
"-~
1'1'\
"-~
A
~
2q
51
150 65
420 87
640 101
116
Figure 121 Example of parallel Figure 122 Example of parallel

dimensioning 1 dimensioning 2
11.5.3 Superimposed running dimensioning

While the superimposed running dimensioning has the completely same significance
as the parallel dimensioning concerning the dimensional tolerance, it can indicate the
dimensions in a simple form by connecting dimension line of one feature to that of the
next feature, into one continuous dimension line. In this case, the position of origin
of dimension shall be indicated by the symbol for origin (0) and the other end of
dimension line, by arrow mark. The dimension figure shall be inscribed in parallel
with projection lines (see figures 123, 125, 126 and 127), or shall be written above the
dimension line and near the arrow mark (see figure 124).
In addition, the superimposed running dimensioning can be applied to the dimen-
sion line between only two features (see figure 126).
150 420 640

o o
La (\J
'<::t
Figure 123 Example of superimposed Figure 124 Example of superimposed

running dimensioning 1 running dimensioning 2
o La '<::t (\J (\J co
Figure 125 Example of superimposed

JJJ~---f---g
Figure 126 Example of superimposed
running dimensioning 3 running dimensioning 4
65
B 0001: 2010
120
qO
60
20 -+---+--"~f+-- -+---- +-----tc,j<-f--- +----t-+-I--
o o o o 0
N <.0 o co 0
~ N
Figure 127 Example of superimposed running dimensioning 5
11.5.4 Coordinate dimensioning
11.5.4.1 Positive coordinate dimensioning

The dimensions of position and size of hole may be indicated in the table accord-
ing to positive coordinates dimensioning (see figure 128). In this case, the numerical
values X and Y indicated in the table are the dimensions from the origin.
For the origin, a reference hole or a corner of the object, etc. shall be selected ad-
equately, taking into consideration the function or conditions of processing.
x y
A 20 20 13.5
D-$-$- B 140 20 13.5
~--
C 200 20 13.5
A B C 0 60 60 13.5
y
-4)------+--f E
F
100
180
qO
qO
26
26
x ~-~ - --
Figure 128 Example of positive coordinate dimensioning
11.5.4.2 Polar coordinate dimensioning

The dimension of a cam profile etc. may be designated using the polar coordinate
dimensioning (see figure 129).
66
B 0001 : 2010
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
/3 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 to 210 230 260 280 300 320 340
ex 50 52.5 57 63.5 70 74.5 76 75 70 65 5Q.5 55 52
Figure 129 Example of polar coordinate dimensioning
11.6 Symbols for dimensioning
11.6.1 Specification of symbols for dimensioning

The specification of symbols for dimensioning and their designations shall be as given
in table 7.
Table 7 Specification of symbols for dimensioning and their

designations
Symbol Meaning Designation
Diameter of circular arc exceeding 180 or "MARU" or "HUAI"

diameter of circle
Diameter of circular arc of sphere exceeding "ESUMARU" or "ESUHUAI"
S
180 or diameter of sphere
0 Side of square "KAKU"
R Radius "ARU"
CR Control radius "SHIARU"
SR Sphere radius "EsuARU"
n Length of circular arc "ENKO"
C Chamfering of 45 "SHI"
t Thickness "TEl"
Spot facing "ZAGURI"
Counter boring "HUKAZAGURI"
U NOTE: Spot facing includes also
that in which a surface as
forged is faced a little bit.
V Counter sinking "SARAZAGURI"
~ Hole depth "ANAHUKASA"
11.6.2 Expression of radius

The expression of radius shall be as given in the following:
67
B 0001: 2010
a) For identifying radius dimension, inscribe the symbol of radius R before the nu-
meral of radius dimension in the same size as the numeral of the radius dimen-
sion [see figure 130 a)]. However, in the case where the dimension line indicating
the radius is drawn up to the centre of circular arc, this symbol may be omitted
[see figure 130 b)].
a) b)
Figure 130 Example of designation of radius
b) To the dimension line indicating the radius of circular arc, attach the arrow mark
on only the circular arc side and do not attach it on the central side (see figure 131).
Further, when there is no space for inscription of arrow mark and dimension
figure, it shall be in accordance with the examples of figure 131 c) and figure 131 d).
l --r-
R3
l a) b) c)
~
d)
Figure 131 Examples of various designations of radius
c) In the case where it is required to indicate the position of the centre of circular
arc in order to designate the radius dimension, inscribe a cross or black dot [see
figures 132 and 154 a)] for indicating the position.
d) In the case where the radius of a circular arc is large and its centre should be
indicated, if the space is limited, the dimension line of the radius may be bent by
folding. In this case, the part of the dimension line with arrow mark shall be
directed to the correct position of the centre (see figure 132).
Figure 132 Example of designation of large radius
68
B 0001 : 2010
e) The radii having the same centre may be expressed by using the superimposed
running dimensioning similarly to the dimension of length (see figure 133).
Figure 133 Example of designation of radii by superimposed

running dimensioning
f) In the case where the actual radius is to be indicated on the projection view indi-
cating no actual shape, inscribe the letter symbol "Actual R" (see figure 134), and
in the case where the developed state radius is to be indicated, inscribe
"Development R" (see figure 135) before the dimension figure.
Figure 134 Example of designation Figure 135 Example of designation

of actual R of development R
g) When the dimension of radius can be derived from other designated dimensions,
the radius shall be inscribed by the dimension line indicating the radius and the
symbol (R) without numerical value (see figure 136).
CJ-
______ -----.4_ _+_ ~
50
Figure 136 Example of designation that it is a radius
h) When a control radius is required for the roundness of a corner etc., designate the
symbol "CR" before the radius dimension (see figure 137).
69
B 0001: 2010
Figure 137 Example of designation of control radius
11.6.3 Expression of diameter

The expression of diameter shall be as follows:
a) In the case where the dimension of diameter is inscribed in a circular arc exceed-
0
ing 180 or in a circular form, and end symbols are affixed to both ends of the
dimension line, the symbol of diameter shall not be inscribed before the dimen-
sion figure (see figure 138). However, when the dimension is inscribed using the
leader line, the symbol of diameter shall be inscribed [see figures 139 a) and
139 b)].
NOTE: In ISO 129-1, based on the fact that the view of a circular form rotated
0
by 3D CAD can become ellipse, even a circular arc exceeding 180 or
a circular form is to be inscribed with the symbol before the dimen-
sion figure.
b) In a view of a circular shape with a part of it omitted, where the end symbol of
dimension line is given only on one end, in order to avoid confusion with the di-
mension of radius, shall be inscribed before the dimension of diameter (see fig-
ure 138).
(0
N
Figure 138 Example of inscription of diameter of circular arc

exceeding 180 0 or diameter of circle
10 10 drill
10 drill
a) b) c) d)
Figure 139 Examples of various designations of diameter
70
B 0001 : 2010
c) In the case where the section of the object being described is circular, for indicat-
ing that it is circular without the circular shape being visible, the symbol of
diameter shall be inscribed before the dimension figure in the same character
height as the dimension figure [see figures 139 a) and 140].
LO
- 'r----
:s
Figure 140 Example of designation of diameter to indicate that

the section is circular
d) In a view or side plan view of a circular object without the circular shape being
visible, if the description of working method clearly indicating a circular or cylin-
drical object is attached after the diameter dimension, inscription of the symbol
of diameter before the diameter dimension is not necessary [see figures 139 c),
139 d), 156, 157 and 158].
e) When cylinders of different diameters are presented continuously such that there
is no space to inscribe dimension figures, draw the extended lines of dimension
lines and arrow mark on one side as shown in figure 141 and figure 142, and in-
scribe the symbol of diameter and the dimension figure.
(
)
=
00 OLOCO LO
co LO 0 ill co ill
B- B- :s B- B- B-
---+-- - - - + - I H - t - t t - -
Figure 141 Example of dimensioning Figure 142 Example of

with arrows, outside the perpendicularly
cylinders, on one side bent dimension lines
11.6.4 Expression of diameter or radius of sphere

a) Express the dimension of the diameter or radius of a sphere by inscribing the
symbol of sphere S for SR before the dimension figure, in the same character
height as the dimension figure (see figure 143).
71
B 0001: 2010
850
a) b) c)
Figure 143 Examples of designation of diameter or radius of sphere
b) When the dimension of the radius of a sphere can be derived from the other di-
mensions, designate the dimension line that indicates the radius and the symbol
(SR) without a numeral (see figure 144).
70
co
B-
Figure 144 Example of designation of symbol (SR) without a numeral
11.6.5 Expression of side of square

Representation of a side of a square shall be as given in the following:
a) When the section of an object is square, for indicating that it is a square without
the square shape being visible, inscribe the symbol 0, which indicates that it is a
side of square, before the dimension figure of side length of the square in the same
size as that figure (see figure 145).
b) When the square shape is visible in the view, in view from the front, the symbol
indicating a side of a square shall not be used, and dimension of each side of the
square shall be inscribed (see figure 146).
o o
--+-+----;11-----1-
0
10

for one side of a square for sides of a square
pillar pillar
72
B 0001 : 2010
11.6.6 Expression of thickness

In the case where the dimension of the thickness is to be expressed in the main
projection drawing of a plate, inscribe the symbol t, which represents thickness, be-
fore the dimension figure of thickness in the same character height as that figure (see
figure 147).
NOTE: This expression is especially useful for designation of thickness of plate
materials such as cold-rolled steel plates and plastic plates of which
the product tolerance is specified.
t07~
Figure 147 Example of designation of thickness
11.6.7 Expression of length of chord or circular arc

Expression of length of chord or circular arc shall be as follows:
a) Expression of length of chord Express the length of chord by drawing the pro-
jection lines at right angles with the chord and by using the dimension line par-
allel to the chord (see figure 148).
b) Expression of length of circular arc The expression of length of circular arc
shall be as given in the following:
1) Draw the same projection lines as in the case of chord, draw the circular arc
concentric with the circular arc being drawn as the dimension line and inscribe
the dimension figure with the symbol of length of circular arc attached before
it (see figure 149).

of length of chord of length of circular arc
2) When the angle constituting the circular arc is large [see figure 150 a)], or when
inscribing the dimensions of circular arcs continuously [see figure 150 b)] the di-
mension line may be applied to the projection lines drawn radially from the centre
of circular arc.
In this case, where it is required to indicate clearly the length of one circu-
lar arc out of not less than two concentric arcs, it shall be in accordance with
either of the following:
73
B 0001: 2010
2.1) Draw a leader line to the dimension figure of circular arc, and attach the arrow
mark to the side of the circular arc from which the leader line is drawn out
[see figures 150 a) and 150 b)].
2.2) Indicate the radius of circular arc in parentheses after the dimension figure of
the circular arc length [see figure 150 c)]. In this case the symbol of arc length
shall not be attached.
o
N
a) b)
600
c)
Figure 150 Examples of various designations of arc length
11.6.8 Expression of chamfer

The general chamfer shall be expressed by the ordinary dimensioning (see
figure 151). In the case of 45 chamfer, the dimension figure of chamfer x 45 (see
figure 152) or symbol C shall be inscribed before the dimension figure in the same char-
acter height as that of the dimension figure (see figure 153).
74
B 0001 : 2010
a) b) c)
d) e) 1)
Figure 151 Example of chamfer dimensioning 1
2x45
---+------ -
~
2x45 L:J
a) b) a) b) c)
Figure 152 Example of chamfer Figure 153 Example of designation

dimensioning 2 with symbol C
11.6.9 Expression of curve

a) The dimension of curve constituted of circular arcs shall generally be expressed
by the position of radii of these arcs and their centres, or tangents of circular arcs
(see figure 154).
75
B 0001: 2010
52
a) b)
Figure 154 Examples of expression of curve
b) The dimension of curve not constituted of circular arcs shall be expressed by co-
ordinate dimensions at an arbitrary point on the curve [see figure 155 a)]. This
method may be used, as required, also in the case of the curve constituted of cir-
cular arcs [see figure 155 b)].
V
~~
--- r----......
\"'--...
~
/' ""~
~
L~ /'
i
L...---.. ~ I
a) b)
Figure 155 Example of dimensioning for curves not composed of

circular arcs
11.7 Expression of hole dimensions

The expression of dimensions of holes shall be as given in the following:
a) In the case where it is required to indicate the processing method of holes such
as drill hole, punching hole, cast hole, etc., indicate the nominal dimension or ref-
erence dimension of the tool, and then designate the processing method by the term
given in the Japanese Industrial Standard which is a terminology standard for
processing methods (see figures 156 and 157). However, the simplified designa-
tions in table 8 may be used where applicable.
NOTE: In this case, the general tolerance on dimension relating to the desig-
nated processing dimension shall be applied.
76
B 0001 : 2010
6 drill
6 drill
a) b) c)
Figure 156 Examples of designations of processing method of holes
Figure 157 Examples of simplified designation of processing method

of holes
Table 8 Simplified designation of processing method of hole
Processing method Simplified designation

Casting Cast
Punching Punch
Drilling Drill
Reaming Reamer
b) For the indication of a group of the same dimensions such as of bolt holes, ma-
chine screw holes, pin holes and rivet holes that are aligned on a pitch line and a
pitch circle, the designation shall be such that the hole dimension and the total
number of the holes are shown together with x in between, above the reference
line obtained by drawing the leader lines from the holes (see figure 158). In this
case, the total number of holes to be inscribed shall be that of a group of holes in
one place (for example, if it is a pipe joint having both side flanges, the total number
of holes on one side flange).
qO 13 x 20 drill
III LI
,1'\
,,~
t+(_
'+'
I
I
I (
I ( ( I I- I
I
,'"
'J
45 12xQO(=1080) 45
(1170)
Figure 158 Example of designation of a group of same dimensions
77
B 0001: 2010
c) When the depth of a hole is designated, write the symbol "~" indicating the depth
of the hole after the dimension of diameter of the hole, and then successively
inscribe the numeral indicating the depth of the hole (see figure 159). However,
in the case of penetrated hole, the depth of hole shall not be inscribed (see fig-
ure 160).
In addition, the depth of the hole means the depth of the cylindrical part not
including the conical part generated by a drill tip, or the part generated by the
chamfered part of a reamer tip, etc. (see H of figure 161). Furthermore, express
the depth of an inclined hole by the linear dimension on the central axis of the
hole (see figure 162).
::r:
15
'"' /'

Example of designation Example of designation Example of designation
of depth of a hole of through hole of depth of a hole
5 drill
Figure 162 Example of designation of depth of inclining hole
d) For the expression of a spot facing or counter boring, write the symbol" LJ" indi-
cating the spot facing after the dimension indicating the diameter of the spot-faced
hole and successively inscribe the value of the spot-facing (see figure 163 and fig-
ure 164).
The depth should be designated even for chipping of casted or forged parts per-
formed to secure a flat surface. Furthermore, when it is necessary to regulate the
dimension from the opposite side face with respect to the bottom position of the
counter boring, designate the dimension line [see figure 164 c)].
78
B 0001 : 2010
q drill LJ 20
a) b)
Figure 163 Example of designation of spot facing
q drill LJ 14 7.4 q drill LJ 14

q drill LJ 14 7.4
a) b) c)
Figure 164 Examples of designation of spot facing holes and

counter boring holes
e) For the expression of a countersinking hole, write the symbol" v" indicating the
countersinking hole next to the dimension indicating the diameter of the counter-
sinking hole and successively inscribe the numerical value of the diameter of the
inlet of the countersinking hole (see figure 165). When it is required to regulate
the value of the depth of the countersinking hole, inscribe the values of the open-
ing angle of the countersinking hole and the depth of the countersinking hole (see
figure 166).
When the countersinking hole is designated in the view in which the counter-
sinking hole is drawn in a circular form, draw the leader line from the inner cir-
cular form, write the symbol" v" indicating the countersinking hole above the
reference line and successively inscribe the value of the diameter of the inlet of
the countersinking hole (see figure 167).
q drill V 14
Figure 165 Example of designation of countersinking hole
79
B 0001: 2010
3.5
Figure 166 Example of designation of opening angle of the

countersinking hole and the depth of the
countersinking hole
q drill V14
Figure 167 Example of designation of countersink in a

representation of circular form
For the simplified designation of the countersinking, in the view in which the coun-
tersinking hole is indicated, inscribe the diameter of the inlet of the countersinking
hole and the opening angle of the countersinking hole with x in between above dimension
line or its extended line (see figure 168).
Figure 168 Example of simplified designation of countersinking
f) For an ellipse hole, dimensioning shall be according to one of the following depend-
ing on the function or working process:
1) Length and width of the hole of an ellipse [see figure 169 a)]. In this case, des-
ignate the features of both sides as (R) in order to show that they are circular
arcs.
2) Length and width of the feature of two flat parallel surfaces [see figure 169 b)].
In this case, designate the features of both sides as (R) in order to show that
they are circular arcs.
3) Travel distance of the rotation axis of a tool and tool diameter [see figure 169 c)].
In this case, designate the tool diameter at one location.
80
B 0001 : 2010
-+------- -+---1-------
30 20 20
a) b) c)
Figure 169 Examples of designation of ellipse holes
11.8 Expression of keyway
11.8.1 Expression of keyway of cylindrical shaft

The expression of keyway of cylindrical shaft shall be as given in the following:
a) Express the dimension of keyway of shaft by dimensions of the width, depth, length,
position and end part of keyway [see figures 170 a) and b)].
b) In the case where the end parts of the keyway are cut up by using milling cutter,
indicate the distance from the reference position to the centre of the tool and the
diameter of tool [see figure 170 c)].
-----..L.:....T-
A-A
---f+---------+--_+__
a) b)
A-A
---1f+--
,
f------+ -+--
c)
Figure 170 Example of dimensioning for keyway
81
B 0001: 2010
c) Express the depth of the keyway by the dimension from the shaft diameter face
opposite to the keyway to the bottom of the keyway (see figure 170). However, if
specially required, it may be expressed by the dimension from the shaft diameter
face on the central surface of the keyway to the bottom of the keyway (cutting depth)
(see figure 171).
Figure 171 Example of designation of cutting depth
d) When the keyway is visible in the cross section, designate the dimension of the
inside diameter of a boss by the terminator of a single arrow (see figure 172).
o
<.0
B-
Figure 172 Example in the case where the inside diameter has
concave or convex
11.8.2 Expression of keyway of taper axis

For the keyway of a taper axis, designate the dimension of each feature (see fig-
ure 173).
82
B 0001 : 2010
+0.3
36 0
cio
+ co
a) b)
Figure 173 Example of dimensioning for keyway of taper axis
11.8.3 Expression of keyway of hole

The expression of keyway of hole shall be as given in the following:
a) Express the dimension of the keyway of the hole by dimensions of width and depth
of keyway (see figure 174).
b) Express the depth of keyway by the dimension from the hole diameter face oppo-
site to the keyway to the bottom of the keyway (see figure 174). However, where
specially required, it may be expressed by the dimension from the hole diameter
face on the central surface of the keyway to the bottom of the keyway (cutting depth)
(see figure 175).
c) Express the depth of keyway of boss for taper key on the deeper side of keyway
(see figure 176).
--
- --------H--

Example of dimension- Example of dimension- Example of dimension-
ing for keyway of hole ing for the depth of ing for taper key
keyway
11.8.4 Expression of keyway of circular cone hole

For the keyway of a circular cone hole, designate the dimension in the cross sec-
tion which is at right angles to the keyway (see figure 177).
83
B 0001: 2010
Figure 177 Example of designation of keyway of circular cone hole
11.8.5 Expression of two or more keyways of cylindrical shaft

For two or more keyways of the same dimension, designate the dimension on one
keyway and designate the number of keyways on another (see figure 178).
N
cia
+
2 keyways
Figure 178 Example of dimensioning for two or more keyways of

the same dimension
11.8.6 Expression of retaining ring groove of cylindrical shaft

For the retaining ring groove provided in a cylindrical shaft, designate the groove
width and the diameter of the groove bottom (see figure 179).
1.3H13
-++--tt--
N
B-
Figure 179 Example of dimensioning for retaining ring groove
11.8.7 Expression of retaining ring groove of cylindrical hole

For the retaining ring groove provided in a cylindrical hole, designate the groove
width and the diameter of the groove bottom (see figure 180).
84
B 0001 : 2010
1.lH13
I
N
N
"S
Figure 180 Example of dimensioning for retaining ring groove

wi th respect to hole
11.8.8 Expression of slope

The slope shall be instructed by using the reference line based on JIS B 0028 close
to a sloped feature. The reference line shall be drawn horizontally, and connected to
the contour of the feature using the leader line. The symbol indicating the direction
of the slope shall be expressed in the direction agreed with the direction of the slope
(see figure 181).
1 : 25
Figure 181 Example of designation of slope
11.8.9 Expression of taper

The taper shall be inscribed by using the reference line based on JIS B 0028 close
to a tapered feature. The reference line shall be drawn parallel to the centre line of
the tapered body, and connected to the contour of the feature using the leader line.
Where there is a need to indicate the taper rate and the taper direction with special
clarity, inscribe the symbol for indicating the taper direction such that it points to the
direction of the taper in the view (see figure 182).
1:5
Figure 182 Example of designation of taper
11.9 Expression of dimensions of steel constructions and the like

The expression of dimensions of steel constructions and the like shall be as given
in the following:
85
B 0001: 2010
a) In the case where the dimensions between the grading points are expressed in the
skeleton diagram of steel constructions and the like, inscribe the dimensions di-
rectly along the line indicating the member (see figure 183).
b) It is preferable to clearly indicate in the skeleton diagram that the line express-
ing the member is centroidalline.
The grading point means the intersecting point of centroidallines of the mem-
bers in the skeleton diagram.
o
LO
(\J
(\J
o
LO
20000
Figure 183 Example of dimensioning for skeleton diagram of

steel constructions
c) The dimensions of steel sections, steel tubes, steel square bars, etc. may be inscribed
along the respective views according to the expression method of table 9 (see fig-
ure 184).
In the case of designating unequal side angles and the like, the dimensions of
sides appearing in the drawing shall be inscribed in order to make clear how the
sides are placed.
2 x L125x75 x7-6300
Figure 184 Example of dimensioning for steel section
86
B 0001 : 2010
Table 9 Expression of steel selection

Classification Sectional Expression Classification Sectional Expression
shape shape
1.
~~
Equal side LAXBXt-L Light Z sections HXAXBXt-L
~
angles
Unequal side LAXBxt-L Lip channel C HxAx ex t-L
~ ~
angles
Unequal side, L A x B X t1 X t2 - L Lip Z sections A ~ HXAXeXt-L

unequal
thickness angles
I sections
11
"C ~
I HxBxt-L Hat sections

~ A Jl HxAxBx t-L
Channels
\I [ HXBxt1xt2-L Steel round
~ B B
A-L
Bulb flats
~
Ii B t,
J Axt-L
bars (common)
Steel tubes
ill
AXt-L
1Jt ~
T sections T BXHxtlxt2-L Square steel DAXBxt-L
~ ~
tubes
::c: t1
~
H sections H HXAxtlxt2-L Steel square DA-L
bars
ibj
~
Light channels [ HxAxBxt-L Steel flats =BXA-L
153
NOTE: The symbol L stands for length.
87
B 0001: 2010
11.10 Expression of thin wall part

Expression of thin wall part shall be as given in the following:
a) In the case of the dimensioning for the section of thin wall part in a view drawn
with extra thick lines, inscribe short thin continuous lines along the extra thick
line indicating the section and apply the end symbols of dimension line to it so
that it is either the inside dimension or outside dimension (see figure 185).
LD LD
ci <.0
Figure 185 Example of dimensioning for thin wall part
b) To the inside dimension, append "int" before the dimension figure (see figure 186).
\ ""III
~
(Y)
to +-'
(Y) C
-e.. B-
- - -
....l1lI
Figure 186 Example of designation with "int"
c) In the case where there is a demand that the feature of a fabrication product is
gradually increased or decreased (referred to as "gradually-changing dimension")
to reach the specified value, draw the leader line from the targeted feature and
designate "gradually-changing dimension" above the reference line (see figure 187).
Gradually-changing
dimension
o
-+--t-N
-e..
25
65
80
Figure 187 Example of gradually-changing dimension
88
B 0001 : 2010
11.11 Display of range of working and surface treatment

For specifying the range of working, surface treatment, etc., inscribe the dimension
of the position and the range using the thick long dashed short dashed line as well as
according to 10.4.4, and designate the requirement such as working and surface treat-
ment (see figure 188).
Induction
--+-- -If---- - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - I f -
a)
Carburizing
hardening
HV450
b)
Figure 188 Example of designation of display within range of

working and surface treatment
11.12 Dimension of non-rigid parts

The dimension of non-rigid parts shall be inscribed in accordance with JIS B 0026.
NOTE: The non-rigid parts are the parts which are deformed, in the free state,
exceeding the dimensional tolerances and geometrical tolerances indicated
in the drawing.
11.13 Non-proportional dimension

When a part of view is not proportional to its dimension figure, draw a thick con-
tinuous line under the dimension figure (see figure 189). However, in the case where
it is not required to indicate specially that the dimension is not proportional to the
view such as the case where a part is omitted by cutting off and the like, this line shall
be omitted.
89
B 0001: 2010
N
B-
Figure 189 Example of non-proportional dimension
11.14 Dimensions of identical shapes

In the case where two or more parts of the identical dimension exist in one product
such as the flanges of T section tube joint, cock, etc., the dimension should be inscribed
to only one of the identical parts, and to the other part without dimension, a note
indicating that it is of the identical dimension to the one with the dimension shall be
provided (see figures 190 and 191).
4x 1q drill
r~ 140
Same as
flange A
20
Figure 190 Example of designation of identical shapes 1
A
4xM8
Figure 191 Example of designation of identical shapes 2
12 Expression of dimension of full view

For the full view, designate the dimensions in the lateral direction, in the depth
direction and in the height direction, and the dimensions necessary for installation and
attachment (see figure 192).
90
B 0001 : 2010
Figure 192 Example of designation of dimension of full view
13 Reference number
The reference number shall be as given in the following:
a) For reference number, normally, Arabic numerals shall be used.
Further, in the case where a separate manufacture drawing exists pertaining
to a part in the assembly drawing, the drawing number of that drawing may be
inscribed instead of reference number.
b) The reference number should be either:
1) in accordance with the sequence of assembling;
2) in accordance with the degree of relative importance of component parts; or
Example: The order of importance is: parts of partial assembly, main parts,
small parts and others.
3) in accordance with other well-grounded order, if applicable.
c) The reference number shall be inscribed in the drawing:
1) by letters clearly discriminable or by enclosing the letter with a circle;
2) by being connected to the view of the object with a leader line (see figure 193);
or
3) by aligning the reference numbers longitudinally or laterally for increasing the
clarity of the drawing.
Figure 193 Example of inscription of reference number
91
B 0001: 2010
14 Correction of drawing and change

When the drawing is corrected or changed after publishing, append the suitable sym-
bol on the corrected or changed portion, and preserve the view, dimensions, etc. be-
fore correction or change (see figure 194) under suitable storing condition which ensures
the maintained legibility of the dimensional inscriptions (see figure 195). In this case,
report in writing the justification, the person in charge, and the date of the correction
or change to the drawing management section.
NOTE: Change includes addition.
13.&.
~
- - I " I
) )"" I
.&. A cylinder hole is added (date of change).
..... Is.s drill .&
Figure 194 Example of additional change of shape
~.& 20
-';!o
~
- r- ----~
LO
-e.
r-----
r-----t
.&.. Change of dimension (date of change)
Figure 195 Example of change of dimension
92.
B 0001 : 2010
Bibliography
[1] JIS B 0024 Technical drawings-Fundamental tolerancing principle

[2] JIS B 0405 General tolerances-Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimen-
sions without individual tolerance indications
[3] JIS B 0672-1 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)-Geometrical features-
Part 1: General terms and definitions
[4] JIS B 0680 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)-Standard reference tem-
perature for geometrical product specification and verification
[5] JIS Z 8313-0 Technical drawings-Lettering-Part 0: General requirements
[6] JIS Z 8313-1 Technical drawings-Lettering-Part 1: Currently used characters
[7] JIS Z 8313-10 Technical drawings-Lettering-Part 10: Japanese characters (Kana
and kanji)
[8] JIS Z 8316 Technical drawings-General principles of presentation
[9] ISO 129-1 Technical drawings-Indication of dimensions and tolerances-Part 1:
General principles
Errata for JIS (English edition) are printed in Standardization and Quality Control, published
monthly by the Japanese Standards Association, and also provided to subscribers of JIS (Eng-
lish edition) in Monthly Information.
Errata will be provided upon request, please contact:

Standards Publishing Department, Japanese Standards Association
4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN
TEL. 03-3583-8002 FAX. 03-3583-0462

Jis B 0001 - 2010

Enviado por

Dados do documento

Título original

Direitos autorais

Formatos disponíveis

Compartilhar este documento

Compartilhar ou incorporar documento

Opções de compartilhamento

Você considera este documento útil?

Este conteúdo é inapropriado?

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

Jis B 0001 - 2010

Enviado por

Direitos autorais:

Formatos disponíveis

JAPANESE

JIS B 000 1 : 2010

Date of Establishment: 1958-10-07

JIS B 0001: 2010, First English edition published in 2011-02

Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association

In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents,

2 Normative references ...................................................... 1

8 Method of projection ...................................................... 19

11.8 Expression of keyway80

Technical drawings for mechanical

JIS Z 8321 Technical drawings-General principles of presentation-Preparation

3 Terms and definitions

3.1 least square dimensions

3.2 rough piece dimensions

3.3 tool size

Figure 1 Example of designation of tool size

3.4 angular size dimension

3.5 control radius, CR

Figure 2 Control radius

Figure 3 Centre position of line in thickness direction

c) The minimum clearance between lines to be drawn adjacent to each other is to be

Figure 4 Minimum clearance between lines

Least square circle

Least square centre

Figure 5 Least square circle

5 Size and format of drawings

5.1 Size of drawings

Table 1 Row A size (first priority)

Table 2 Specially extended size (second priority)

Table 3 Specially extended size (third priority)

5.2 Format of drawings

Table 4 Width of contour (of drawing)

6.1 Thickness of lines

6.2 Types and application of lines

Table 5 Types and application of lines

Table 5 (concl uded)

Thin To be used for distinguishing the limited 9.1

Figure 6 Example of application of line

Figure 6 (concl uded)

6.3 Order of priority of coinciding lines

Figure 7 Priority order of lines

7 Characters and texts

7.1 Types and height of characters

7.1.1 Types of characters

Example: Description of word of foreign origin: #5/' (button), #/'7 (pump)

7.1.2 Height of characters

Figure 8 Minimum pitch of the space between characters and

Figure 9 Examples of Kanji

Height 2.5mm .:l. 3 "7 I) Jv v0 '7 /'

Height 10 mm ~ \, \ 1 ~ 13 b' ~ < ,t

Height 2.5 mm VJ> .t .:, I) ,tI. ~ t> It;

Figure 10 Examples of Kana

Figure 11 Examples of numerals and Latin characters

7.2 Expression of texts

8.1 General matters

8.2 Name of projection view

Projection in direction a = Front view

Figure 12 Designation of projection view

8.3 Third angle projection method

(c) (a) (d) (f)

Figure 13 Third angle method Figure 14 Symbol of third

8.4 First angle projection method

(d) (a) (c) (f)