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Torque in Bolts Sponsored Links
Introduction
Torque Calculator
The required torques for fastening common steel fasteners can be found in the Bolt
Resources Torque Calculator.
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Login Torque and Tension in Bolts
Bolt, one of the most widely used fasteners in the industry, is usually tightened by
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applying torque to the head and/or nut. As the bolt is tightened, it is stretched
Renewable Energy (preloaded). Preload tension is necessary to keep the bolt tight, increase join
C hemical Engineering strength, create friction between parts, and improve fatigue resistance. The
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recommended preload force F i is
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For reusable connections:
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For permanent connections:
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Reinforced Plastics where A is the tensile area of the bolt and Sp is the proof strength of the bolt.
more... Although the above formulae look rather straightforward, the preload tension F i is not
easy to measure or control. A common practice is to relate the preload tension F i to a
ASME Membe hip quantity that is easier to measure, the applied torque T. This torque, usually achieved
by a torque wrench, the turn-of-nut, or an indicating washer, is
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where d is the nominal outside diameter of the bolt and K is the correction factor that
depends on the material, size, surface friction, and threading of the bolt. For most
small to mid size bolts, K is between 0.15 and 0.3.
As a rough approximation:
where P is the lead (pitch) of the thread, Db is the average mean diameter of the
bolt, Dn is the average mean diameter of the nut, k is the coefficient of friction,
and is one half of the thread angle (usually 30). This formula, although more
complete, is seldom used, for the large errors (sometimes as much as 25%) involved
in torque wrench readout usually renders using a more accurate formula pointless.
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