1.

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan sehari-hari dan digunakan untuk
menyatakan kebenaran umum.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + am/is/are + Complement
(-) Subject + am/is/are + not + Complement
(?) Am/is/are + Subject + Complement

Contoh :
* I am handsome (Saya tampan).
* She is a dentist (Dia adalah seorang dokter gigi).
* They are singer (Mereka adalah penyanyi).

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + Verb 1 (s / es) + Complement
(-) Subject + do/ does + not + Verb 1 + Complement
(?) Do / Does + Subject + Verb 1 + Complement

Contoh :
We play football together.
* He buys a book.
* My mother cooks in the kitchen.
* The sun rises in the east

2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang sedang berlangsung di waktu
sekarang.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + am/is/are + Complement
(-) Subject + am/is/are + not + Complement
(?) Am/is/are + Subject + Complement

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + am/is/are + Verb-ing + Complement
(-) Subject + am/is/are + Verb-ing + not + Complement
(?) Am/is/are + Subject + Verb-ing + Complement

Contoh :
* We are singing now.
* She is blowing the candle.
* They are building the stable.
 3. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang telah selesai dilakukan dalam
waktu yang tidak tentu dimasa lampau dan biasanya membawa akibat dimasa
sekarang.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + Has/Have + been + Complement
(-) Subject + Has/Have + not + been + Complement
(?) Has/Have + Subject + been + Complement

Contoh :
* I have been here for an hour.
* He has been in Sidney since two years ago.

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + Has/Have + Verb 3 + Complement
(-) Subject + Has/Have + not + Verb 3 + Complement
(?) Have/Has + Subject + Verb 3 + Complement

Contoh :
* Mr. Ali has finished taught the students.
* Rudi and Firman have played badminton.

4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang dimulai pada masa lampau dan
masih berlangsung sampai sekarang.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Sama dengan present perfect tense

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + Has/Have + been + Verb-ing + Complement
(-) Subject + Has/Have + not + been + Verb-ing + Complement
(?) Have/Has + Subject + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Contoh :
* The policeman has been chasing the robber for two hours.
* My brother has been sleeping since six oclock.
 5. SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang terjadi pada waktu lampau.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + was/were + Complement
(-) Subject + was/were + not + Complement
(?) Was/were + Subject + Complement

Contoh :
* I was in Jakarta last month.
* You were angry last time.
* She was sad yesterday.

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + Verb 2 + Complement
(-) Subject + did + not + Verb 1 + Complement
(?) Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Complement

Contoh :
* I wrote the letter for you yesterday.
* He replied the message a few minutes ago.
* They came to my house last week.

6. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang berlangsung ketika peristiwa
yang lain terjadi diwaktu yang lampau.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Sama dengan past tense

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + was/were + Verb-ing
(-) Subject + was/were + not + Verb-ing
(?) Were/was + Subject + Verb-ing

Contoh :
* Roni was eating some meals when you came.
* The bus driver was driving quickly when you called me.
 7. PAST PERFECT TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang telah selesai dilakukan ketika
atau sebelum peristiwa yang lain terjadi pada waktu lampau.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + had been + complement
(-) Subject + had + not + been + Complement
(?) Had + Subject + been + Complement

Contoh :
* They had been in Garuda restaurant before the punkers came.
* She had been on the second floor of apartment when the telephone rang.

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + had + Verb 3 + Complement
(-) Subject + had + not + Verb 3 + Complement
(?) Had + Subject + Verb 3 + Complement

Contoh :
* Santoso had written the novel.
* The workers had built the bridge.

8. PAST PERFECT CONTINUES TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang telah sedang berlangsung
selama jangka waktu tertentu ketika peristiwa yang lain terjadi pada waktu lampau.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Sama dengan past perfect tense

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + had + been + Verb-ing + Complement
(-) Subject + had + not + been + Verb-ing + Complement
(?) Had + Subject + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Contoh :
* Marissa had been swimming in the swimming pool
 10. FUTURE CONTINUES TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang akan sedang berlangsung dalam
waktu tertentu dimasa yang akan datang.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Sama dengan future tense

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + will/shall + be + Verb-ing + Complement
(-) Subject + will/shall + not + be + Verb-ing + Complement
(?) Will/shall + Subject + be + Verb-ing + Complement

Contoh :
* We will be fishing fish in the river at eight oclock tomorrow.
* Susi will be getting award from the teachers at this time next week.

11. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang akan sudah selesai dilakukan
dimasa mendatang.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus:
(+) Subject + will/shall + have been + Complement
(-) Subject + will/shall + not + have + been + Complement
(?) Will/shall + Subject + have + been + Complement

Contoh :
* They will have been in this garden at seven oclock tomorrow..

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + will/shall + Verb 1 + Complement
(-) Subject + will/shall + not + Verb 1 + Complement
(?) Will/Shall + Subject + Verb 1 + Complement

Contoh :
* They will get an examination.
* Mr. Ibnu will feed the fish.
 12. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUES TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang akan telah sedang berlangsung
beberapa lama pada waktu yang akan datang.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Sama dengan future perfect tense

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + will/shall + have + been + Verb-ing + Complement
(-) Subject + will/shall + have + not + been + Verb-ing + Complement
(?) Will/shall + Subject + have + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Contoh :
* My family will have been staying in London for 3 years by next August.
* My little sister will have been sleeping for five hours by eight oclock.

13. PAST FUTURE TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang akan dilakukan dimasa lampau
namun tidak terjadi.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + would/should + be + Complement
(-) Subject + would/should + not + be + Complement
(?) Would/should + Subject + be + Complement

Contoh :
* I would be nervous.
* My friends would be in the hospital.

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + would/should + Verb 1 + Complement
(-) Subject + would/should + not + Verb 1 + Complement
(?) Would/should + Subject + Verb 1 + Complement

Contoh :
* My father would blame you last week.
* I would invite you to my party three days ago
 14. PAST FUTURE CONTINUES TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang akan sedang berlangsung pada
waktu tertentu dan pada masa yang lampau.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Sama dengan past future tense

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + would/should + be + Verb-ing + Complement
(-) Subject + would/should + not + be + Verb-ing + Complement
(?) Would/should + Subject + be + Verb-ing + Complement

Contoh :
* Jane would be cooking by this time yesterday
* Ahmad would be reading newspaper.

15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang seharusnya telah selesai
dilakukan pada masa lalu.

A . Kalimat Nominal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + would/should + have + been + Complement
(-) Subject + would/should + not + have + been + Complement
(?) Would/should + Subject + have + been + Complement

Contoh :
* Mr. James would have been here before he went to his office.

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + would/should + have + Verb 3 + Complement
(-) Subject + would/should + not + have + Verb 3 + Complement
(?) Would/should + Subject + have + Verb 3 + Complement

Contoh :
* Michael would have made a good toy.
* Susan would have finished her examination.
 16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUES TENSE

Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan aktivitas yang seharusnya telah sedang
berlangsung selama jangka waktu tertentu pada masa lampau.

A. Kalimat Nominal
Sama dengan past future perfect tense

B. Kalimat Verbal
Rumus :
(+) Subject + would/should + have + been + Verb-ing + complement
(-) Subject + would/should + not + have + been + Verb-ing + Complement
(?) Would/should + Subject + have + been + Verb-ing + Complement

Contoh :
* The red hat boy would have been catching the ball.
* I would have been staying here for 3 hours by yesterday.