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  • Alkali Aggregate Reaction, Alkali Carbonate Reaction and Pyrite Attack

    Enviado por

    Vasanthapragash Nadarajha
    119 visualizações3 páginas
    This document summarizes chemical reactions of aggregates that can cause deterioration of concrete, specifically alkali-silica reaction (ASR) and alkali-carbonate reaction (ACR). It describes: 1) The mechanism of ASR - reactive silica in aggregates absorbs water and reacts with alkalis from cement, forming an expansive gel that causes cracking as it absorbs more water. 2) Factors that influence ASR including availability of water and alkalis, aggregate reactivity and porosity. 3) Methods to identify ASR including laboratory tests, field observations and mitigation techniques like using low-alkali cement. 4) ACR is caused by reaction of

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    Alkali aggregate

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    This document summarizes chemical reactions of aggregates that can cause deterioration of concrete, specifically alkali-silica reaction (ASR) and alkali-carbonate reaction (ACR). It describes: 1) The mechanism of ASR - reactive silica in aggregates absorbs water and reacts with alkalis from cement, forming an expansive gel that causes cracking as it absorbs more water. 2) Factors that influence ASR including availability of water and alkalis, aggregate reactivity and porosity. 3) Methods to identify ASR including laboratory tests, field observations and mitigation techniques like using low-alkali cement. 4) ACR is caused by reaction of

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    119 visualizações3 páginas

    Alkali Aggregate Reaction, Alkali Carbonate Reaction and Pyrite Attack

    Enviado por

    Vasanthapragash Nadarajha
    This document summarizes chemical reactions of aggregates that can cause deterioration of concrete, specifically alkali-silica reaction (ASR) and alkali-carbonate reaction (ACR). It describes: 1) The mechanism of ASR - reactive silica in aggregates absorbs water and reacts with alkalis from cement, forming an expansive gel that causes cracking as it absorbs more water. 2) Factors that influence ASR including availability of water and alkalis, aggregate reactivity and porosity. 3) Methods to identify ASR including laboratory tests, field observations and mitigation techniques like using low-alkali cement. 4) ACR is caused by reaction of

    Direitos autorais:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF, TXT ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    de 3

    Assignment#06

    NadarajahVasanthapragash ChemicalreactionsofAggregate

    HydraulicpressureGenerated
    ID:118591

    AlkaliSilicaReaction

    byOsmosis
    Alkalis+ReactiveSilica+Moisture FormationofASRGel AbsorptionofWater

    Increaseofvolume

    Reactive(Amorphous) AlkalineHydroxides IncreaseofInternal


    MoistureFoundinpore pressure
    SilicafromAggregates derivedfromthealkalis spacesinconcrete
    (Na2O&K2O)inthe
    Cement&Othersources

    Swellingpressureofthesolid

    detrimentaltoconcrete)
    productsofASR(Most
    ExampleRocks Expansionofcement
    Examplesources Examplesources
    Opal,Obsidian,Cherts paste
    PortlandCement,Deicing 1.Additionofwaterto
    etc.
    agents,Seawateretc. concretemix
    2.MoistEnvironment/
    Permeableconcrete
    Cracking&Disruption
    MapCrackingof
    Mechanism Concrete

    ForSafeReaction ForUnsafeReaction

    Amountofalkali> Surfaceofaggregate
    reactiveaggregate attackedbyOH
    Negligiblereactive Sufficientlynumerous/ surface
    particles finereactiveparticles

    Leadsto ASRgelabsorbwater, Gelformationdueto


    expands&exertforce attractionofSiOwith
    onconcrete alkalicationsinpore
    Formationofnon
    solution
    expansiveproduct
    CalciumalkalisilicaGel
    (CSH)
    Concretecrackswhen Mapcrackingoccurs
    exertedpressure> whencrackreach
    Tensilestrength surface
    QuantityofAlkalisinthe
    cement

    Availabilityofwaterin Factorsinfluencingtheprogress
    PorosityofAggregate
    thepaste ofASR

    SpeedofReaction Permeabilityofcement
    paste

    Controlledby

    SizeofSiliceousparticles
    Fine(2030micro.m)expansion
    within48weeks
    LargeparticlesAftersomeyears
    Assignment#06
    NadarajahVasanthapragash
    ID:118591

    Criteriaforjudgingreactivity ProblemIdentification

    Fieldperformancerecord LaboratoryTestsforASR 1.MapCracking


    ofaparticularaggregate 2.Aggregatereactionrims
    3.FielddetectionusingUranyl
    Acetatesolution
    PetrographicExamination
    (ASTMC295)

    Motarbartestfor Need312monthsto
    potentialreactivity obtainresults
    (ASTMC227)

    Chemicaltestfor Quickmethod
    potentialreactivity Requireonlyfewdays
    (ASTMC289)

    AvoidReactiveaggregate
    Mitigation&PreventionofASR ifaggregatesarepotentially
    Controlaccesstowater
    Damage reactiveandconcreteis
    exposedtoseawaters

    UselowalkaliPortland
    AvoidhighAlkalicontent
    cement Reducesthetotalalkalisin
    thesystem>Lowalkali
    silicaratio
    Consumesalkalisinthe Replacecementwith
    hydrationprocess&make pozzalanicmaterialsEgslag
    themunavailableforASR
    Reducesporeliquidthat
    reactswiththeaggregate

    Reducesporesizeand
    mobilityofthealkali
    Assignment#06 ChemicalreactionsofAggregate
    NadarajahVasanthapragash
    ID:118591
    AlkaliCarbonateReaction

    Factorseffecting ReactionofCarbonaterocks(e.g.
    ACR Dolamite,Clay)withAlkalis(Na2O&K2O) Leadsto FormationofbruciteMg(OH)2
    intheCement
    1.theHeterogeneityoftherocks
    2.CoarseaggregateSize
    3.PermeabilityofConcrete ProduceDetrimentalExpansion
    RegenerationofAlkali
    4.Environmentalconditions(Moisture, &Cracking
    Temperature,useofNaClasdeicing
    agent)
    Preventexposureto
    waterofsuchconcrete
    DifferencebetweenASR&ACR Useofpozzolansserve
    Avoidreactiverocksby
    onlyadiluent&arenot
    selectivequarrying
    effectiveinmitigating
    1.AbsenceofSignificantquantitiesof (mining) Mitigation&Prevention ACR
    alkaliCarbonategel ofACRDamage
    2.Expansivereactionsarealmost Dilutionwithnon NoteffectivewhenNaCl
    associatedwithpresenceofclay reactiveaggregatesor isusedasDeicingAgent
    3.uncertainityabouttheeffectof useofsmallernominal
    pozzolanincontrollingthereaction MaxSize Useofverylowalkali
    4.Alkalireproducedinthereaction cement(lessthan0.6%
    productasreactionproceeds Na2Oequivalent)

    Fieldperformancerecordofa Criteriaforjudging
    particularaggregate reactivity

    PetrographicExamination
    RockCylindertest(ASTMC586) LaboratoryTestsforASR
    Ofaggregateandconcrete

    Measurementoflengthchange Expansionofconcrete Characteristictexture&


    ofrocksamplesimmersedina prisms Characteristiccomposition,
    solutionofNaOH Calcite&Clay

    WarningIfexpansion>0.1%in
    therockcylinders

    OtherreactioninvolvingAggregate

    ProductsofPyrite
    (FeS2)Oxidation Pyrite(FeS2)Oxidation TestMethodusedtoIdentify
    1.Gypsum FeS2+7O2+2H2OFeSO4+2H2SO4 XRayDiffraction
    2.Jarosite

    MaterialsforRepairing

    1.HighperformancenonshrinkGrout
    2.RepairingandpatchingMotar
    3.Epoxyforbonding

    Threecomponentepoxyresinpatchingmotar CriteriaonselectingRepairingMaterials Problems


    withTwocomponentepoxyresinbondingagent
    1.Coefficientofthermalexpansionusesimilar 1.IronSulphateinaggregatematrix
    property causeexpansionand
    MethodofRepairing 2.ShrinkageuseShrinkagefree disintegrationofaggregate
    3.PermeabilityAvoidimpermeablematerial
    1.Removalofdefectiveconcrete 4.ModulusofelasticityusecloselymatchedEto 2.Sulfuricacidcanattackboththe
    2.Surfacepreparation minimizedeformation mineralcomponentsaggregates
    3.Materialplacement(drypacking,injection 5.ChemicalPropertiesbewareofcorrosionof andthemotar
    Groutingetc.) embeddedsteel
    4.bondingmethod(Repairmaterialsmayor 6.ColorpropertiesForarchitecturalpurpose 3.Durabilityandappearanceofthe
    maynotrequireaseparatebondingagent) structurewillbeaffected

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