Design Data Sheet For Box Culvert

Sulb Aljazeera Concrete
DESIGN DATA
SHEET FOR BOX
CULVERT, SAPAC
+966 (013) 895 4529 : 31473 12172 . 1080

2nd Industrial Area, Abqaiq Road, Dammam PO Box 12172 Dammam 31473 Tel/Fax: +966 (0) 3 895 4529
C.R: 2050092468 www.sulbaljazeera.com 2050092468: .
SULBALJAZEERACONCRETE Designed: DJ
MANUFACTURING Checked :
Approved :
VR
VR
Project: BOX CULVERT Location: SAUDI ARABIA

Client: SAPAC
BOX CULVERT SIZE 1000 X 800

SULB AL-JAZEERA CONCRETE Designed: DJ
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
Customer: SAPAC Size: L =1000 X W =800 mm & Depth from GL =4500
Introduction:
g
Inside dimensions of the box culvert (SPAN x RISE) The fill height p
(H) above the culvert are as per the
below table. A typical section of the culvert is shown in Figure. Material and design parameters are
given in Table.
Material and Design Parameters

Reinforced Concrete, c 24 kN/m3
Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Compressive Strength, fc 35 Mpa
Span
p L 1000 mm
Rise R 800 mm
Top Slab Thickness, Tt 200 mm
Bottom Slab Thickness, Tb 240 mm
Height of Fill H 4500 mm
Wall Thickness, Ts 200 mm
Haunch Thickness, Th 50 mm
Reinforcement Clear Cover 40 mm
Yield Strength, fy 420 Mpa
Modulus Elasticity of Concrete, Ec 27789.4 Mpa
Modulus Elasticity of Steel Reinforcement, Es 200000 Mpa
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
The approximate strip method is used for the design with the 1m wide design strip oriented parallel to the
direction of traffic.
A 2-Dimensional (2D) plane frame model is used to analyze the box culvert. Beam elements in the 2D model
are assumed to be centered in the concrete members. The model is assumed to be externally supported by a
pinned support on one end and a roller support on the other end. In addition, the model is always assumed
to be in equilibrium so external reactions to loads applied to the structure were assumed to act equal and
opposite. A w dimension of 1 m is added to the calculations to convert the units to kN/m for consistency
with national conventions.
A. Dead Load
The total self-weight of the culvert top slab is:
26.40 kN (for 1 m wide)
The self-weight of one culvert side wall is:
4.90
kN (for 1 m wide)
Self weight of Haunch
The top slab weight, wall weights, and all four haunch weights are applied to the bottom slab as an upward
reaction from the soil assuming an equivalent uniform pressure. The bottom slab weight is not applied in
the model because its load is assumed to be directly resisted by the soil.
Dc bottom = 34.68 kN (for 1 m wide)

B. Earth Pressure Loads
The weight of fill on top of the culvert produces vertical earth pressure (EV). The fill height
is measured from the top surface of the top slab to the top of the pavement or fill. The unit
weight of the fill is 19.2 kN/m3
The interaction factor for embankment conditions is dependent on the height of fill (H) and the
outside width of the culvert (Bc):
1.64
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
The design vertical earth pressure at the top of the culvert is:
133.07 kN/m
The lateral earth pressure (EH) on the culvert is found using the equivalent fluid method. For at-
rest conditions, a maximum stage full soil unit weight and a minimum stage half soil unit weight
will be are used.
At the top of the culvert, the lateral earth pressure is:
81.00 kN/m (Top)
40.50 kN/m (Top)
At the bottom of the culvert, the lateral earth pressure is:
= 103.32 kN/m (Bottom)
C. Live Load Surcharge

Use an active coefficient of lateral earth pressur 0.2827
g
The height for the live load surcharge
g calculation at the topp of the culvert is the distance from
the top surface of the top slab to the top of the pavement or fill.
The height is:
H top of culvert = 4500 mm
The equivalent fill height, heq is dependent on the depth of fill and can be found using AASHTO
Table 3.11.6.4-1.
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
By interpolation, the equivalent height for a fill depth of 4500 mm is:

heq = 2.52 ft
heq = 0.77 m
The corresponding lateral live load surcharge on the top of the culvert is given as:
3.91 kN/m
The height for the live load surcharge calculation at the bottom of the culvert is the distance
from the bottom surface of the bottom slab to the top of the pavement or fill.
5740 mm
Again using interpolation and AASHTO Table 3.11.6.4.1, the equivalent height is:
heq = 2.12 ft
heq = 0.65 m
The lateral live load surcharge located at the bottom of the culvert is given as:
3.29 kN/m
D. Water Load
Designers need to consider load cases where the culvert is full of water as well as cases where
the culvert is empty. A simple hydrostatic distribution is used for the water load:
At the inside of the culvert, the lateral water pressure is:

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
7.85 kN/m2
Using a 2D frame model there is an opposite upward reaction from the soil caused by the water
inside the culvert:
Wabottom = WA bottom * Span = 6.54 kN/m

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
The design live loads include the HL-93 truck and tandem loads. Since the span of the box culvert
is less than 15 ft, no lane load is applied.
Dynamic Load Allowance
The dynamic load allowance (IM) for culverts and other buried structures is reduced based on the
depth of fill over the culvert. For strength and service limit states:
-27.885 = 0
The
Th ddynamic
i lload
d allowance
ll may not be t
t b taken
k less th
l than zero.
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
Live Load Distribution
Live loads are assumed to distribute laterally with depth. The specifications permit designers to
increase the footprint of the load with increasing depth of fill. The load is assumed to spread
laterally 1.15 times H horizontally in each direction for every foot of fill above the culvert.
The intensity of live loads at any depth is assumed to be uniform over the entire footprint.
The assumed tire contact area for each wheel has a width of 20 inches and a length of 10 inches.
Using the distances between wheel lines and axles, the live load intensities at the top of the
box culvert can be found. For truck and tandem loadings, the influence area or footprint of the
live load is found first. Then the sum of the weights of the wheels is used to determine the
intensity of the live load.
T d
To determine
t i th
the li
live l
load,
d use multiple
lti l presence ffactors
t (MPF)
(MPF). A single
i l loaded
l d d l
lane with
ith a MPF
of 1.20 is used for strength and service limit states.
A single 3 Axle with 600 kN Truck configuration produces a live load intensity of:
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0.51 m
W = 7.49 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 7.23 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 5.77 kN/m
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
A tandem truck axle configuration produces a live load intensity of:
where Pw = 105 kN
6.73 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 10.01 kN/m
The live load intensities of the single and tandem axle configurations are compared. Since the
tandem axle configuration produces a live load intensity slightly larger than that of the single
axle configuration, the tandem axle configuration is used for design in both the strength and
service limit states.
therefore WLL+IM = 10.01 kN
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
F. Load Combination
Strength Limit states
1 Maximum Vertical Load and Maximum Horizontal Load
1.25 DC + (1.30)(1.05) EV +1.75 (LL+IM)+ (1.35)(1.05)EHmax + 1.75LS
2 Maximum Vertical Lod and Minimum Horizontal Load
1.25 DC + (1.30)(1.05) EV +1.75 (LL+IM)+1.00WA+(0.9/1.05)EHmin
3 Minimum Vertical load and Maximum Horizontal Load
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Service Limit State
1.00 DC + 1.00 EV + 1.00 (LL+IM)+1.00EHmax + 1.00LS
1.00 DC + 1.00 EV + 1.00 (LL+IM)+1.00WA+1.00EHmin
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
A structural analysis is performed using a standard commercial matrix-analysis program. The

bottom slab of the box culvert is assumed rigid compared to the subgrade. Reactions to vertical
loads applied to the culvert (earth, water, live load) are assumed to be carried by uniform,
triangular or trapezoidal distributed reactions applied to the bottom slab. Box culverts
supported on stiff or rigid subgrades (rock) would require further investigation. The haunches
are included in the analysis by increasing the thickness of members near each corner.
Reinforcement Design
where,
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (d - .0141 * As/2)
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

Outside Mu = 17.73 kNm Main bar dia = 10 mm
d = thickness - Cover - dm/2
d= 155 mm
As = 275.81 mm2
Minimum sidewall flexural reinforcement
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 400.00 mm2
therefore As = 400.00 mm2
As Provided = 10 mm dia X 150 c/c
for 1 m length 10 mm dia X 6.67 Pcs 523.60 mm2
Inside Mu = 13.63 kNm Main bar dia = 10 mm
d= 155 mm
As = 211.40 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 400.00 mm2
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max @ Slab End@OS

Max@Slab End @OS
From staad Model

d= 155 mm
As = 427.35 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 400.00 mm2

d = thi k
thickness - C
Cover - dm/2
d= 155 mm
As = 63.01 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 400.00 mm2
for 1 m length 10 mm dia X 6 67
6.67 Pcs 523 60
523.60 mm2
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 195 mm
As = 256.97 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 480.00 mm2

d = thi k
thickness - C
Cover - dm/2
d= 195 mm
As = 172.13 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 480.00 mm2
for 1 m length 10 mm dia X 6 67
6.67 Pcs 523 60
523.60 mm2
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab
Maximum Shear (Vu) = 107.23 kN
Shear Capacity (Vc) = 0.17 ^

60.9
160.92 kN > Vu
u
Bottom Slab

201.15 kN > Vu
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

160.92 kN > Vu
Final Size and Reinforcement
Box culvert Inside Dimensions = 1000 x 800 mm
Top Slab Thickness = 200 mm
Bottom Slab Thickness = 240 mm
Side Wall Thickness = 200 mm
Reinforcement
Inside Outside
Location
Dia (mm) C/C Dia (mm) C/C
Top Slab 10 150 10 150
B tt
Bottom Sl
Slab
b 10 150 10 150
Side Wall 10 150 10 150
Approved :
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Client: SAPAC

Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
Introduction:
Inside dimensions of the box culvert (SPAN x RISE) The fill height (H) above the culvert are as per the below
table
table. A typical section of the culvert is shown in Figure
Figure. Material and design parameters are given in
Table.

Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Span L 1000 mm
Rise R 1000 mm
T
Top Slab
Sl b Thi
Thickness,
k Tt 200 mm
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
A 2-Dimensional (2D) plane frame model is used to analyze the box culvert. Beam elements in the 2D model are
assumed to be centered in the concrete members. The model is assumed to be externally supported by a pinned
support on one end and a roller support on the other end. In addition, the model is always assumed to be in
equilibrium so external reactions to loads applied to the structure were assumed to act equal and opposite
opposite. A
w dimension of 1 m is added to the calculations to convert the units to kN/m for consistency with national
conventions.
A. Dead Load
5.86
kN (for 1 m wide)
reaction from the soil assuming an equivalent uniform pressure. The bottom slab weight is not applied in the
model because its load is assumed to be directly resisted by the soil.

The weight of fill on top of the culvert produces vertical earth pressure (EV). The fill height is
measured from the top surface of the top slab to the top of the pavement or fill. The unit weight of
the fill is 19.2 kN/m3
1.64
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
133.07 kN/m
rest conditions
conditions, a maximum stage full soil unit weight and a minimum stage half soil unit weight
will be are used.
81.00 kN/m (Top)
40.50 kN/m (Top)

Use an active coefficient of lateral earth pressure ka 0.2827
The height for the live load surcharge calculation at the top of the culvert is the distance from the
top surface of the top slab to the top of the pavement or fill.
The height is:
The equivalent fill height, heq is dependent on the depth of fill and can be found using AASHTO Table
3.11.6.4-1.
Approved :
VR
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Element BOX CULVERT

heq = 2.52 ft
heq = 0.77 m
3.91 kN/m
The height for the live load surcharge calculation at the bottom of the culvert is the distance from
the bottom surface of the bottom slab to the top of the pavement or fill.
5940 mm
heq = 2.05 ft
heq = 0.63 m
3.18 kN/m
D. Water Load
Designers need to consider load cases where the culvert is full of water as well as cases where the
culvert is empty. A simple hydrostatic distribution is used for the water load:

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
9.81 kN/m2
Using a 2D frame model there is an opposite upward reaction from the soil caused by the water inside
the culvert:

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
The d
Th design
i li
live l
loads
d iinclude
l d th
the HL
HL-93
93 t
truck
k and
d t
tandem
d l
loads.
d Si
Since th
the span of
f th
the b
box culvert
l t i
is
less than 15 ft, no lane load is applied.
-27.885 = 0
The dynamic load allowance may not be taken less than zero.
Approved :
VR
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Element BOX CULVERT
laterally 1.15 times H horizontally in each direction for every foot of fill above the culvert. The
intensity of live loads at any depth is assumed to be uniform over the entire footprint.
Using the distances between wheel lines and axles, the live load intensities at the top of the box
culvert can be found. For truck and tandem loadings, the influence area or footprint of the live load
is found first. Then the sum of the weights of the wheels is used to determine the intensity of the
live load.
To determine the live load, use multiple presence factors (MPF). A single loaded lane with a MPF of
1.20 is used for strength and service limit states.
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0.51 m
W = 7.49 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 7.23 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 5.77 kN/m
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
where Pw = 105 kN
6.73 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 10.01 kN/m
The live load intensities of the single and tandem axle configurations are compared. Since the tandem
axle configuration produces a live load intensity slightly larger than that of the single axle
configuration, the tandem axle configuration is used for design in both the strength and service
limit states.
therefore WLL+IM = 10 01 kN
10.01
Final Loading
DC = Sel weight of Culvert
DC bottom reaction = 36.28 kN/m
EV = 133.07 kN/m
EHTmax = 81.00 kN/m
EHBmax = 106.92 kN/m
EHTmin = 40.50 kN/m
EHBmin = 53.46 kN/m
LLStop = 3.91 kN/m
LLSbottom = 3.18 kN/m
WAtop= 0 kN/m
WAbottom= 9.81 kN/m
WAbottomreaction= 8.18 kN/m
LL+IMW = 10 01
10.01 kN/
kN/m
F. Load Combination
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Service Limit State
.00 DC
1.00 C + 1.00
.00 EV + 1.00 (LL+IM)+1.00EH
.00 ( ) .00 max + 1.00LS
.00 S
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
A structural analysis is performed using a standard commercial matrix-analysis program. The bottom
slab of the box culvert is assumed rigid compared to the subgrade. Reactions to vertical loads
applied
li d to the
h culvert
l (
(earth,
h water, li
live l
load)
d) are assumed
d to b
be carried
i d b
by uniform,
if triangular
i l or
trapezoidal distributed reactions applied to the bottom slab. Box culverts supported on stiff or
rigid subgrades (rock) would require further investigation. The haunches are included in the analysis
by increasing the thickness of members near each corner.
where,
where
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (d - .0141 * As/2)
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

d= 155 mm
As = 267.40 mm2
Asmin = 0.002
0 002 x b x Ts = 400 00
400.00 mm2
d= 155 mm
As = 205.25 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 400.00 mm2
Approved :
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VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model
d= 155 mm
As = 430.81 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 400.00 mm2

d= 155 mm
As = 102.13 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 400.00 mm2
Approved :
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VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 195 mm
As = 251.16 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 480.00 mm2

d= 195 mm
As = 167.35 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 480.00 mm2
Approved :
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VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab

160.92 kN > Vu
Bottom Slab

201.15 kN > Vu
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

160.92 kN > Vu
Reinforcement
Inside Outside
Location
Top Slab 10 150 10 150
Bottom Slab 10 150 10 150
Side Wall 10 150 10 150
Approved :
VR
VR

Client: SAPAC

Approved:
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Introduction:
t bl
table. A t
typical
i l section
ti of
f th
the culvert
l t i
is shown
h i
in Fi
Figure. M
Material
t i l andd d
design
i parameters
t are given
i i
in T
Table.
bl

Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Span L 3000 mm
Rise R 1500 mm
Thickness Tb
Bottom Slab Thickness, 360 mm
Approved:
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Element BOX CULVERT
equilibrium so external reactions to loads applied to the structure were assumed to act equal and opposite. A w
dimension of 1 m is added to the calculations to convert the units to kN/m for consistency with national
conventions.
A. Dead Load
14.13
kN (for 1 m wide)

measured from the top surface of the top slab to the top of the pavement or fill. The unit weight of the
fill is 19.2 kN/m3
The interaction factor for embankment conditions is dependent on the height of fill (H) and the outside
width of the culvert (Bc):
1.25
Approved:
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Element BOX CULVERT
101.03 kN/m
The lateral earth pressure (EH) on the culvert is found using the equivalent fluid method. For at-rest
conditions, a maximum stage full soil unit weight and a minimum stage half soil unit weight will be are
used.
81.00 kN/m (Top)
40.50 kN/m (Top)

Use an active coefficient of lateral earth pressure ka = 0.2827
The height is:
H top
p of culvert = 4500 mm
3.11.6.4-1.
Approved:
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Element BOX CULVERT

heq = 2.52 ft
heq = 0.77 m
3.91 kN/m
The height for the live load surcharge calculation at the bottom of the culvert is the distance from the
bottom surface of the bottom slab to the top of the pavement or fill.
6680 mm
heq = 2 ft
heq = 0.61 m
3.10 kN/m
D. Water Load

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
14.72 kN/m2
Using a 2D frame model there is an opposite upward reaction from the soil caused by the water inside the
culvert:

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
The design live loads include the HL-93 truck and tandem loads. Since the span of the box culvert is
The dynamic load allowance (IM) for culverts and other buried structures is reduced based on the depth
of fill over the culvert. For strength and service limit states:
-27.885 = 0
Approved:
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
culvert can be found. For truck and tandem loadings, the influence area or footprint of the live load is
found first. Then the sum of the weights of the wheels is used to determine the intensity of the live
load.
To determine the live load, use multiple presence factors (MPF). A single loaded lane with a MPF of 1.20
is used for strength
g and service limit states.
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0.51 m
W = 7.49 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 7.23 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 5.77 kN/m
Approved:
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
where Pw = 105 kN
6 73
6.73 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 10.01 kN/m
configuration, the tandem axle configuration is used for design in both the strength and service limit
states.
Final Loading
EV = 101.03 kN/m
EHTmax = 81.00 kN/m
EHTmin = 40.50 kN/m
EHBmin = 60.12 kN/m
LLStop = 3.91 kN/m
WAtop= 0 kN/m
WAbottom= 14.72 kN/m
LL+IMW = 10.01 kN/m
F. Load Combination
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Approved:
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VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Service Limit State
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
A structural analysis is performed using a standard commercial matrix-analysis program. The bottom slab
of the box culvert is assumed rigid compared to the subgrade. Reactions to vertical loads applied to the
culvert (earth, water, live load) are assumed to be carried by uniform, triangular or trapezoidal
distributed reactions applied to the bottom slab. Box culverts supported on stiff or rigid subgrades
(rock) would require further investigation. The haunches are included in the analysis by increasing the
thickness of members near each corner
corner.
where,
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (d - .0141 * As/2)
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved:
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

d= 272 mm
As = 1,064.84 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 640.00 mm2
therefore As = 1,064.84
1 064 84 mm2
for 1 m length 16 mm dia X 6.67 Pcs 1,340.41 mm2
d= 272 mm
As = 569.51 mm2
Asmin = 0.002
0 002 x b x Ts = 640 00
640.00 mm2
Approved:
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 272 mm
As = 1,257.83 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 640.00 mm2
therefore As = 1,257.83 mm2

d= 273 mm
As = 604.32
604 32 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 640.00 mm2
Approved:
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 312 mm
As = 743.09 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 720.00 mm2

d= 313 mm
As = 853.31
853 31 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 720.00 mm2
Approved:
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VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab

281.61 kN > Vu
Bottom Slab

321.83 kN > Vu
Approved:
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VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

281.61 kN > Vu
Side
id Wall
ll Thickness
hi k = 320 mm
Reinforcement
Inside Outside
Location
Top Slab 16 150 14 150
Side Wall 16 150 16 150
Approved :
VR
VR

Client: SAPAC

Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Introduction:
t bl
table. A t
typical
i l section
ti of
f th
the culvert
l t i
is shown
h i
in Fi
Figure. M
Material
t i l andd d
design
i parameters
t are given
i i
in T
Table.
bl

Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Span L 2500 mm
Rise R 1000 mm
Thickness Tb
Bottom Slab Thickness, 320 mm
Approved :
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Element BOX CULVERT
conventions.
A. Dead Load
8.74
kN (for 1 m wide)
reaction from the soil assuming an equivalent uniform pressure. The bottom slab weight is not applied in the model
because its load is assumed to be directly resisted by the soil.

fill is 19.2 kN/m3
1.29
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
104.82 kN/m
used.
81.00 kN/m (Top)
40.50 kN/m (Top)

The height is:
H top
3.11.6.4-1.
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT

heq = 2.52 ft
heq = 0.77 m
3.91 kN/m
6100 mm
heq = 2 ft
heq = 0.61 m
3.10 kN/m
D. Water Load

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
9.81 kN/m2
culvert:

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
-27.885 = 0
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
load.
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0.51 m
W = 7.49 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 7.23 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 5.77 kN/m
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
where Pw = 105 kN
6 73
6.73 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 10.01 kN/m
states.
Final Loading
EV = 104.82 kN/m
EHTmax = 81.00 kN/m
EHTmin = 40.50 kN/m
EHBmin = 54.90 kN/m
LLStop = 3.91 kN/m
WAtop= 0 kN/m
WAbottom= 9.81 kN/m
LL+IMW = 10.01 kN/m
F. Load Combination
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Service Limit State
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
corner.
where,
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (d - .0141 * As/2)
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

d= 233 mm
As = 913.02 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 560.00 mm2
therefore As = 913.02
913 02 mm2
d= 233 mm
As = 554.26 mm2
Asmin = 0.002
0 002 x b x Ts = 560 00
560.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 232 mm
As = 1,047.62 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 560.00 mm2

d= 234 mm
As = 486.27
486 27 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 560.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 272 mm
As = 655.21 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 640.00 mm2
Outside Mu = 82 kNm Main bar dia = 12 mm

d= 274 mm
As = 726.11
726 11 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 640.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab

241.38 kN > Vu
Bottom Slab

281.61 kN > Vu
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

241.38 kN > Vu
Side
id Wall
ll Thickness
hi k = 280 mm
Reinforcement
Inside Outside
Location
Top Slab 16 150 12 150
Side Wall 14 150 14 150
Approved :
VR
VR

Client: SAPAC

Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Introduction:
Inside dimensions of the box culvert (SPAN x RISE) The fill height (H) above the culvert are as per the below table.
yp
A typical section of the culvert is shown in Figure.
g Material and design
g pparameters are g
given in Table.

Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Span L 3000 mm
Rise R 1000 mm
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
The approximate strip method is used for the design with the 1m wide design strip oriented parallel to the direction
of traffic.
A 2-Dimensional (2D) plane frame model is used to analyze the box culvert. Beam elements in the 2D model are assumed
to be centered in the concrete members. The model is assumed to be externally supported by a pinned support on one
end and a roller support on the other end. In addition, the model is always assumed to be in equilibrium so external
reactions to loads applied to the structure were assumed to act equal and opposite. A w dimension of 1 m is added
to the calculations to convert the units to kN/m for consistency with national conventions
conventions.
A. Dead Load
10.29
kN (for 1 m wide)
0.03 kN (
(for 1 m wide)
)
The top slab weight, wall weights, and all four haunch weights are applied to the bottom slab as an upward reaction
from the soil assuming an equivalent uniform pressure. The bottom slab weight is not applied in the model because
its load is assumed to be directly resisted by the soil.

B
B. E th P
Earth Pressure L
Loads
d
The weight of fill on top of the culvert produces vertical earth pressure (EV). The fill height is measured
from the top surface of the top slab to the top of the pavement or fill. The unit weight of the fill is
19.2 kN/m3
1.25
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
101.03 kN/m
used
used.
81.00 kN/m (Top)
40.50 kN/m (Top)
= 111 24
111.24 kN/m (B tt )
(Bottom)

The height for the live load surcharge calculation at the top of the culvert is the distance from the top
surface of the top slab to the top of the pavement or fill.
The height is:
The equivalent
q fill height,
g , heq
q is dependent
p on the depth
p of fill and can be found using
g AASHTO Table
3.11.6.4-1.
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT

heq = 2.52 ft
heq = 0.77 m
3.91 kN/m
6180 mm
heq = 2.03 ft
heq = 0.62 m
3.15 kN/m
D. Water Load
Designers need to consider load cases where the culvert is full of water as well as cases where the culvert
is empty. A simple hydrostatic distribution is used for the water load:

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
9.81 kN/m2
culvert:

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
The design live loads include the HL-93 truck and tandem loads. Since the span of the box culvert is less
than 15 ft, no lane load is applied.
The dynamic load allowance (IM) for culverts and other buried structures is reduced based on the depth of
fill over the culvert. For strength and service limit states:
-27.885 = 0
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Live loads are assumed to distribute laterally with depth. The specifications permit designers to increase
the footprint of the load with increasing depth of fill. The load is assumed to spread laterally 1.15 times
H horizontally in each direction for every foot of fill above the culvert. The intensity of live loads at
any depth is assumed to be uniform over the entire footprint.
Using the distances between wheel lines and axles, the live load intensities at the top of the box culvert
can be found. For truck and tandem loadings, the influence area or footprint of the live load is found
first. Then the sum of the weights of the wheels is used to determine the intensity of the live load.
To determine the live load, use multiple presence factors (MPF). A single loaded lane with a MPF of 1.20 is
used for strength and service limit states.
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0.51 m
W = 7 49
7.49 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 7.23 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 5.77 kN/m
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
where Pw = 105 kN
6.73 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 10.01 kN/m
The live load intensities of the single and tandem axle configurations are compared. Since the tandem axle
configuration produces a live load intensity slightly larger than that of the single axle configuration,
the tandem axle configuration is used for design in both the strength and service limit states.
Final Loading
EV = 101.03 kN/m
EHTmax = 81.00 kN/m
EHTmin = 40.50 kN/m
EHBmin = 55.62 kN/m
LLStop = 3 91
3.91 kN/m
WAtop= 0 kN/m
WAbottom= 9.81 kN/m
LL+IMW = 10.01 kN/m
F. Load Combination
1 Maximum
Ma im m Vertical Load and Ma
Maximum
im m Hori
Horizontal
ontal Load
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Service Limit State
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
A structural analysis is performed using a standard commercial matrix-analysis program. The bottom slab of
the box culvert is assumed rigid compared to the subgrade. Reactions to vertical loads applied to the
distributed reactions applied to the bottom slab. Box culverts supported on stiff or rigid subgrades (rock)
would require further investigation. The haunches are included in the analysis by increasing the thickness
of members near each corner.
where,
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (d - .0141 * As/2)
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

d= 272 mm
As = 1,110.76 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 640.00 mm2
/
d= 272 mm
As = 719.20 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 640.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 272 mm
As = 1,209.20 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 640.00 mm2
therefore As = 1 209 20
1,209.20 mm2

d= 273 mm
As = 626.75 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 640.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 312 mm
As = 759.84 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 720.00 mm2
therefore As = 759 84
759.84 mm2

d= 313 mm
As = 868.90 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 720.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab

281.61 kN > Vu
Bottom Slab

321.83 kN > Vu
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

281.61 kN > Vu
R i f
Reinforcement
t
Inside Outside
Location
Top Slab 16 150 14 150
Side Wall 16 150 16 150
Approved :
VR
VR

Client: SAPAC

Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Introduction:
table. A typical section of the culvert is shown in Figure. Material and design parameters are given in Table.

Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Span L 2200 mm
Rise R 1000 mm
T
Top Sl
Slab
b Thi
Thickness,
k Tt 240 mm
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
opposite. A
conventions.
A. Dead Load
7.26
kN (for 1 m wide)

1.34
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
108.20 kN/m
rest conditions
will be are used.
81.00 kN/m (Top)
40.50 kN/m (Top)

The height is:
3.11.6.4-1.
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT

heq = 2.52 ft
heq = 0.77 m
3.91 kN/m
6020 mm
heq = 2 ft
heq = 0.61 m
3.10 kN/m
D. Water Load

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
9.81 kN/m2
the culvert:

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
The d
Th design
i li
live l
loads
d iinclude
l d th
the HL
HL-93
93 t
truck
k and
d t
tandem
d l
loads.
d Si
Since th
the span of
f th
the b
box culvert
l t i
is
-27.885 = 0
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
live load.
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0.51 m
W = 7.49 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 7.23 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 5.77 kN/m
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
where Pw = 105 kN
6.73 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 10.01 kN/m
limit states.
10.01
Final Loading
EV = 108.20 kN/m
EHTmax = 81.00 kN/m
EHTmin = 40.50 kN/m
EHBmin = 54.18 kN/m
LLStop = 3.91 kN/m
WAtop= 0 kN/m
WAbottom= 9.81 kN/m
LL+IMW = 10 01
10.01 kN/
kN/m
F. Load Combination
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Service Limit State
.00 DC
1.00 C + 1.00
.00 EV + 1.00 (LL+IM)+1.00EH
.00 ( ) .00 max + 1.00LS
.00 S
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
applied
li d to the
h culvert
l (
(earth,
h water, li
live l
load)
d) are assumed
d to b
be carried
i d b
by uniform,
if triangular
i l or
where,
where
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (d - .0141 * As/2)
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

d= 193 mm
As = 858.66 mm2
Asmin = 0.002
0 002 x b x Ts = 480 00
480.00 mm2
d= 193 mm
As = 771.43 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 480.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 193 mm
As = 948.74 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 480.00 mm2

d= 194 mm
As = 441.93 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 480.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 233 mm
As = 619.84 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 560.00 mm2

d= 234 mm
As = 701.54 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 560.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab

201.15 kN > Vu
Bottom Slab

241.38 kN > Vu
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

201.15 kN > Vu
Reinforcement
Inside Outside
Location
Top Slab 14 150 12 150
Side Wall 14 150 14 150
Approved :
VR
VR

Client: SAPAC

Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Introduction:

Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Span L 2000 mm
Rise R 1000 mm
Modulus
d l Elasticity
l off Steell Reinforcement,
f Es 200000 Mpa
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
equilibrium
q so external reactions to loads applied
pp to the structure were assumed to act equal
q and opposite.
pp A
conventions.
A. Dead Load
7.26
kN (for 1 m wide)

1.36
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
110.40 kN/m
conditions,
, a maximum stage
g full soil unit weight
g and a minimum stage
g half soil unit weight
g will be
are used.
81.00 kN/m (Top)
40.50 kN/m (Top)

The height is:
3.11.6.4-1.
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT

heq = 2.52 ft
heq = 0.77 m
3.91 kN/m
6020 mm
heq = 2 ft
heq = 0 61
0.61 m
3.10 kN/m
D. Water Load

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
9.81 kN/m2
the culvert:

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
-27.885 = 0
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
live load.
1 20 is used for strength and service limit states
1.20 states.
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0 51 m
0.51
W = 7.49 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 7.23 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 5.77 kN/m
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
where Pw = 105 kN
6.73 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 10.01 kN/m
states.
Final Loading
EV = 110.40 kN/m
EHTmax = 81.00 kN/m
EHTmin
T i = 40.50
40 50 kN/m
EHBmin = 54.18 kN/m
LLStop = 3.91 kN/m
WAtop= 0 kN/m
WAbottom= 9.81 kN/m
LL+IMW = 10.01 kN/m
F. Load Combination
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Service Limit State
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
slab of the box culvert is assumed rigid compared to the subgrade. Reactions to vertical loads applied
to the culvert (earth, water, live load) are assumed to be carried by uniform, triangular or
trapezoidal
p distributed reactions applied
pp to the bottom slab. Box culverts supported
pp on stiff or rigid
g
subgrades (rock) would require further investigation. The haunches are included in the analysis by
increasing the thickness of members near each corner.
where,
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (
(d - .0141 * As/2)
/ )
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

d= 194 mm
As = 717.57 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 480.00 mm2
d= 194 mm
As = 631.25 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 480.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 193 mm
As = 880.79 mm2
A i
Asmin = 0.002
0 002 x b x Tt = 480 00
480.00 mm2
2

d= 194 mm
As = 356.23 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 480.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 233 mm
As = 542.36 mm2
A i
Asmin = 0.002
0 002 x b x Tb = 560 00
560.00 mm2
2

d= 234 mm
As = 578.08 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 560.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab

201.15 kN > Vu
Bottom Slab
Shear Capacity (Vc) = 0.17

0 17 ^
241.38 kN > Vu
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

201.15 kN > Vu
Reinforcement
Inside Outside
Location
Top Slab 14 150 12 150
Side Wall 12 150 12 150
Approved :
VR
VR

Client: SAPAC

Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Introduction:
table.
t bl A t
typical
i l section
ti of
f th
the culvert
l t i
is shown
h i
in Fi
Figure. M
Material
t i l andd d
design
i parameters
t are given
i i
in T
Table.
bl

Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Span L 1800 mm
Rise R 1000 mm
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
conventions.
A. Dead Load
7.26
kN (for 1 m wide)

fill is 19.2 kN/m3
1 31
1.31
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
82.34 kN/m
used.
63.00 kN/m (Top)
31.50 kN/m (Top)

The height is:
H top
3.11.6.4-1.
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT

heq = 2.85 ft
heq = 0.87 m
4.42 kN/m
5020 mm
heq = 2.35 ft
heq = 0.72 m
3.65 kN/m
D. Water Load

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
9.81 kN/m2
culvert:

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
-14.355 = 0
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
load.
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0.51 m
W = 6.34 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 6.08 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 8.11 kN/m
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
where Pw = 105 kN
5 58
5.58 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 14.27 kN/m
states.
Final Loading
EV = 82.34 kN/m
EHTmax = 63.00 kN/m
EHBmax = 90.36 kN/m
EHTmin = 31.50 kN/m
EHBmin = 45.18 kN/m
LLStop = 4.42 kN/m
WAtop= 0 kN/m
WAbottom= 9.81 kN/m
LL+IMW = 14.27 kN/m
F. Load Combination
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Service Limit State
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
corner.
where,
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (d - .0141 * As/2)
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

d= 195 mm
As = 470.77 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 480.00 mm2
therefore As = 480.00
480 00 mm2
d= 195 mm
As = 240.80 mm2
Asmin = 0.002
0 002 x b x Ts = 480 00
480.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 194 mm
As = 610.37 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 480.00 mm2

d= 195 mm
As = 210.76
210 76 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 480.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 234 mm
As = 334.57 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 560.00 mm2

d= 234 mm
As = 333.53
333 53 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 560.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab

201.15 kN > Vu
Bottom Slab

241.38 kN > Vu
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

201.15 kN > Vu
Side
id Wall
ll Thickness
hi k = 240 mm
Reinforcement
Inside Outside
Location
Top Slab 12 150 10 150
Side Wall 10 150 10 150
Approved :
VR
VR

Client: SAPAC

SULB AL-JAZEERA CONCRETE Designed: ID
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Introduction:

Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Span L 1400 mm
Rise R 1000 mm
T
Top Sl
Slab
b Thi
Thickness,
k Tt 220 mm
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
opposite. A
conventions.
A. Dead Load
6.55
kN (for 1 m wide)

1.49
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
120.62 kN/m
rest conditions
will be are used.
81.00 kN/m (Top)
40.50 kN/m (Top)

The height is:
3.11.6.4-1.
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT

heq = 2.52 ft
heq = 0.77 m
3.91 kN/m
5980 mm
heq = 2.04 ft
heq = 0.62 m
3.16 kN/m
D. Water Load

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
9.81 kN/m2
the culvert:

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
The d
Th design
i li
live l
loads
d iinclude
l d th
the HL
HL-93
93 t
truck
k and
d t
tandem
d l
loads.
d Si
Since th
the span of
f th
the b
box culvert
l t i
is
-27.885 = 0
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
live load.
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0.51 m
W = 7.49 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 7.23 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 5.77 kN/m
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
where Pw = 105 kN
6.73 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 10.01 kN/m
limit states.
10.01
Final Loading
EV = 120.62 kN/m
EHTmax = 81.00 kN/m
EHTmin = 40.50 kN/m
EHBmin = 53.82 kN/m
LLStop = 3.91 kN/m
WAtop= 0 kN/m
WAbottom= 9.81 kN/m
LL+IMW = 10 01
10.01 kN/
kN/m
F. Load Combination
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Service Limit State
.00 DC
1.00 C + 1.00
.00 EV + 1.00 (LL+IM)+1.00EH
.00 ( ) .00 max + 1.00LS
.00 S
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
applied
li d to the
h culvert
l (
(earth,
h water, li
live l
load)
d) are assumed
d to b
be carried
i d b
by uniform,
if triangular
i l or
where,
where
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (d - .0141 * As/2)
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

d= 175 mm
As = 472.41 mm2
Asmin = 0.002
0 002 x b x Ts = 440 00
440.00 mm2
d= 175 mm
As = 394.52 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 440.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 174 mm
As = 651.14 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 440.00 mm2

d= 175 mm
As = 187.40 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 440.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 214 mm
As = 392.37 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 520.00 mm2

d= 215 mm
As = 359.95 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 520.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab

181.03 kN > Vu
Bottom Slab
Maximum Shear (Vu) = 146 kN

221.26 kN > Vu
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

181.03 kN > Vu
Reinforcement
Inside Outside
Location
Top Slab 12 150 10 150
Side Wall 10 150 10 150
Approved :
VR
VR

Client: SAPAC

Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Introduction:

Soil, s 18 kN/m3
Span L 1200 mm
Rise R 1000 mm
T
Top Sl
Slab
b Thi
Thickness,
k Tt 200 mm
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
opposite. A
conventions.
A. Dead Load
5.86
kN (for 1 m wide)

1.44
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
90.56 kN/m
rest conditions
will be are used.
63.00 kN/m (Top)
31.50 kN/m (Top)

The height is:
3.11.6.4-1.
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT

heq = 2.7 ft
heq = 0.82 m
4.19 kN/m
4940 mm
heq = 2.38 ft
heq = 0.73 m
3.69 kN/m
D. Water Load

WAtop = 0 kN/m2
9.81 kN/m2
the culvert:

reaction
(Span + Ts)
E. Live Load
The d
Th design
i li
live l
loads
d iinclude
l d th
the HL
HL-93
93 t
truck
k and
d t
tandem
d l
loads.
d Si
Since th
the span of
f th
the b
box culvert
l t i
is
-14.355 = 0
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
live load.
where Pw = 130 kN
Axlespacing = 1.8 m
Wtire = 0.51 m
W = 6.34 m
Ltire = 0.25 m
L= 6.08 m
Therefore
WLL+IM = 8.11 kN/m
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
where Pw = 105 kN
5.58 m
where
Axlespacing = 1.3 m
WLL+IM = 14.27 kN/m
limit states.
14.27
Final Loading
EV = 90.56 kN/m
EHTmax = 63.00 kN/m
EHBmax = 88.92 kN/m
EHTmin = 31.50 kN/m
EHBmin = 44.46 kN/m
LLStop = 4.19 kN/m
WAtop= 0 kN/m
WAbottom= 9.81 kN/m
LL+IMW = 14 27
14.27 kN/
kN/m
F. Load Combination
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
0.90 DC + (0.9/1.05)EV + (1.35)(1.05) EHmax +1.75LS
Service Limit State
.00 DC
1.00 C + 1.00
.00 EV + 1.00 (LL+IM)+1.00EH
.00 ( ) .00 max + 1.00LS
.00 S
1.00 DC + 1.00EV + 1.00EHmax +1.00LS
applied
li d to the
h culvert
l (
(earth,
h water, li
live l
load)
d) are assumed
d to b
be carried
i d b
by uniform,
if triangular
i l or
where,
where
F = 1
fy = 420 Mpa
fc' = 35 MPa
b = 1 m
therefore,
As x 420
a =
0.85 x 35 x1000
a= 0.0141 As
Mu = 1 x As x 420 x (d - .0141 * As/2)
Mu = 420 x As*d - 2.961 As^2
420 176400 ^2 11.844 /5.922
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model

Outside Mu = 18 kNm Main bar dia = 10 mm
d= 155 mm
As = 280.07 mm2
Asmin = 0.002
0 002 x b x Ts = 400 00
400.00 mm2
d= 155 mm
As = 228.96 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Ts = 400.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Top Slab
Max@MidSlab@IS
Max@Slab End@OS
From staad Model
d= 155 mm
As = 416.81 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 400.00 mm2

d= 155 mm
As = 101.39 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tt = 400.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Bottom Slab
Max@Slab End@OS
Max@MidSlab@IS
From staad Model

d= 195 mm
As = 220.93 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 480.00 mm2

d= 195 mm
As = 181.53 mm2
Asmin = 0.002 x b x Tb = 480.00 mm2
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Checking of Shear
Top Slab

160.92 kN > Vu
Bottom Slab

201.15 kN > Vu
Approved :
VR
VR
Element BOX CULVERT
Side Wall

160.92 kN > Vu
Reinforcement
Inside Outside
Location
Top Slab 10 150 10 150
Side Wall 10 150 10 150

Design Data Sheet For Box Culvert

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Design Data Sheet For Box Culvert

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Sulb Aljazeera Concrete

+966 (013) 895 4529 : 31473 12172 . 1080

Project: BOX CULVERT Location: SAUDI ARABIA

BOX CULVERT SIZE 1000 X 800

Material and Design Parameters

Dc bottom = 34.68 kN (for 1 m wide)

81.00 kN/m (Top)

40.50 kN/m (Top)

At the bottom of the culvert, the lateral earth pressure is:

= 103.32 kN/m (Bottom)

= 51.66 kN/m (Bottom)

C. Live Load Surcharge

By interpolation, the equivalent height for a fill depth of 4500 mm is:

At the inside of the culvert, the lateral water pressure is:

Wabottom = WA bottom * Span = 6.54 kN/m

A structural analysis is performed using a standard commercial matrix-analysis program. The

From staad Model

Max @ Slab End@OS

From staad Model

Outside Mu = 4.09 kNm Main bar dia = 10 mm

From staad Model

Outside Mu = 14.01 kNm Main bar dia = 10 mm

Maximum Shear (Vu) = 107.23 kN

Shear Capacity (Vc) = 0.17 ^

Maximum Shear (Vu) = 113.58 kN

Shear Capacity (Vc) = 0.17 ^

Maximum Shear (Vu) = 65.09 kN

Shear Capacity (Vc) = 0.17 ^

Project: BOX CULVERT Location: SAUDI ARABIA

BOX CULVERT SIZE 1000 X 1000

Material and Design Parameters

Dc bottom = 36.28 kN (for 1 m wide)

81.00 kN/m (Top)

40.50 kN/m (Top)

At the bottom of the culvert, the lateral earth pressure is:

= 106.92 kN/m (Bottom)

= 53.46 kN/m (Bottom)

C. Live Load Surcharge

By interpolation, the equivalent height for a fill depth of 4500 mm is:

At the inside of the culvert, the lateral water pressure is:

Wabottom = WA bottom * Span = 8.18 kN/m

From staad Model

Outside Mu = 6.618 kNm Main bar dia = 10 mm

From staad Model

Outside Mu = 13.623 kNm Main bar dia = 10 mm

Maximum Shear (Vu) = 105.468 kN

Shear Capacity (Vc) = 0.17 ^

Maximum Shear (Vu) = 111.385 kN

Shear Capacity (Vc) = 0.17 ^

Maximum Shear (Vu) = 74.07 kN

Shear Capacity (Vc) = 0.17 ^

Project: BOX CULVERT Location: SAUDI ARABIA

BOX CULVERT SIZE 3000 X 1500

Material and Design Parameters

Dc bottom = 66.23 kN (for 1 m wide)

81.00 kN/m (Top)

40.50 kN/m (Top)

At the bottom of the culvert, the lateral earth pressure is:

= 120.24 kN/m (Bottom)

= 60.12 kN/m (Bottom)

C. Live Load Surcharge

By interpolation, the equivalent height for a fill depth of 4500 mm is:

At the inside of the culvert, the lateral water pressure is: