CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the research design, locale of the study, population and sampling

procedures, ethical considerations, data gathering instruments and procedure, and statistical

treatment to be used in the study.

Research Design

The study will use a non-experimental, quantitative descriptive research design using the

survey method. According to Macnee and McCabe (2008), descriptive designs function to

portray some phenomenon of interest as accurately as possible and are used to answer

research questions that seek to describe. It attempts to describe systematically a situation

problem, phenomenon, service or program or provides information about, living condition of a

community, or describes attitudes towards an issue.

Moreover, this study is non-experimental because it involves acquiring information about

the perceived causes, perceived effects of sleep deprivation, as well as the coping strategies of

BSN students. Also, the data will be collected with the use of a structured checklist type of

questionnaire.

Research Locale

The study will be conducted in the different schools in Ilocos Norte that offer BSN

course. These schools include Divine Word College of Laoag which is located at Brgy. 13, Gen.

Segundo Ave., Laoag City, Northern Christian College located at Brgy. 5, Mabini St., Laoag

City, Northwestern University located at Brgy. 47 Bengcag, Airport Ave., Laoag City and

Mariano Marcos State University Batac Campus which is located at Brgy. 16, Quiling Sur,

Batac City.
Population and Sampling Procedure

The total population of students taking up BSN course were obtained from the

different nursing schools in Ilocos Norte; Divine Word College of Laoag, Northern Christian

College, Northwestern University, and Mariano Marcos State University-Batac Campus.

From the total population of the target respondents, the sample size was computed

using the Slovins formula with a margin error of 5%.

With the total population of the target respondents at 415, the sample size was

estimated at 204. The number of samples in each school and year level was determined

through proportionate stratified sampling.

Details are presented in Table 1. The study population will be composed of students

taking up BSN course.

Table 1. Distribution of respondents per year level

Total Year Levels
Schools Percentage Sample
Population III IV
Divine Word College of 17 16
67 16.1% 33
Laoag
Northern Christian 18 17
72 17.3% 35
College of Laoag
Northwestern University 46 12 11
11.1% 23
Mariano Marcos State
University- Batac 230 55.4% 113 57 56
Campus
Total 415 100% 204
Inclusion Criteria

In the study, respondents will be chosen through the following conditions: 1) BSN students

in Ilocos Norte who are in the third year level and fourth year level and are regular students; 2)

BSN students who are single, without a child; and 3) BSN students who are willing to participate

in the study.
Exclusion Criteria

In the study, the following categories will be excluded: 1) BSN students who are in the first

year level, second year level, and are irregular; 2) BSN students who are married and has a child;

3) BSN students who are married without a child; and 4) BSN students who are single parents

Research Instrument

The study will used a structured type questionnaire as instrument to gather data. The

questionnaire will consist of two parts. The first part will consist of the profile of the respondents

which will be composed of the name (optional), age, civil status, gender, and year level.

Respondents are required to fill-out necessary information and put a check mark on the boxes

provided.

The second part of the questionnaire will composed of the perceived causes, effects of

sleep deprivation, and the coping strategies utilized by BSN students. Also, in order for the

researchers to determine whether the respondent is sleep deprived, one item will asked about

the amount of sleep each respondent get each night. In this part, respondents are required to put

a check mark on the space provided. In addition, this part of the questionnaire will consist of five-

point Likert items which measures the frequency of the perceived causes, perceived effects, and

coping strategies that BSN students from DWCL, NCC, NWU and MMSU-Batac Campus

experienced and utilized.

After the formulation of the questionnaire by the researchers and checking of the

questionnaire by the adviser, the researchers will conduct a pre-test to other health related

courses like pharmacy and physical therapy to determine the readability and comprehension of

the questionnaire. After conducting the pre-test, the researchers will integrate the suggestions

that will be made to make sure that the respondents will be able to understand the questions.

Thereby, be able to answer the questions within the desired time frame.
 The questionnaire will utilized the five-point Likert scale with the following description and

equivalents:

Scale Frequency Definition

Respondent never perceive the cause, experience the
1 Never
effects and utilize the coping strategy
Respondent rarely or seldom perceive the cause,
2 Rarely
experience the effects and utilize the coping strategy
Respondent sometimes perceive the cause,
3 Sometimes
experience the effects and utilize the coping strategy
Respondent often or frequently perceive the cause,
4 Often
experience the effects and utilize the coping strategy
Respondent always perceive the cause, experience
5 Always
the effects and utilize the coping strategy

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will seek the approval of the Dean of the College of Health Sciences and

the clearance from the University Ethics Review Committee (UERC) prior to data gathering. The

letter that will be approved will be for the researchers to be allowed to conduct their study.

Respondents then will be identified and will be informed of the purpose of the study and likewise

will be assured that their identities will be kept with utmost confidentiality.

Informed consent and letter to the respondents will be given and explained. The identified

respondents will be the actual respondents in the study. Questionnaires will be given personally

and the researchers will guide the respondents in answering the questionnaire. Data collection

will be done through questionnaires which will be aided by interviews. The duration of answering

the questions by the respondents will last for about 10-20 minutes.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data that will be gathered will be tabulated, analysed, and interpreted using frequency

and percentage. Percentage will be used in characterizing the perceived causes, effects and

coping strategies of the respondents. It will use the formula:


% =
100
Where:
X% = Percentage
f = Frequency
N = Total Number of Respondents