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DESIGN OF ONE
Given:
live load: 4.8 kPa fc' = 28 mPa
fy = 275 mPa L:
floor finish: 1.1 kPa f = 0.9 cover =
ceiling finish: 0.24 kPa f1 = 0.85
mech. duct allowance: 0.25 kPa conc. unit wt.= 23.5 kN/m3
electrical load: 0 kPa
partition load: 0 kPa using 12 mm rebars
miscellaneous load: 0.3 kPa Ad = 113.10
Water Proofing 0.26
Solution:
minimum slab thickness, h
L ( 1.6 ) ( 1000 )
h= = = 66.6666666667 mm
24 24
say h = 90 mm
Dead Loads:
slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.= ( 0.09 ) ( 23.5 ) = 2.12
floor finish = 1.1
ceiling finish = 0.24
mech. duct allowance = 0.25
electrical load = 0
partition load = 0
miscellaneous loads = 0.3
Water Proofing = 0.26
4.27
Factored Load:
WUDL= 1.2 (DL) = 1.6 ( 4.27 ) = 5.118
WULL= 1.6 (LL) = 1.6 ( 4.8 ) = 7.68
WU = WUDL + WULL = 12.798
At END 1 :
Wu L2 ( 12.798 ) ( 1.6 )2
Mu = = = 1.3651
24 24
MU 1.365 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.783
f b d12 0.90 x 1000 x (44 ) 2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.783
= x 1- 1-
275 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d
= ( 0.00509 ) ( 1000 ) ( 44 )
= 224 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 504.91071
As 224
say S = 500 mm
At MIDSPAN :
Wu L2 ( 12.798 ) ( 1.6 )2
Mu = = = 2.3402
14 14
MU 2.340 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.343
f b d12 0.90 x 1000 x (44 ) 2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 1.343
= x 1- 1-
275 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d
= ( 0.00509 ) ( 1000 ) ( 44 )
= 224 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 504.91071
As 224
say S = 500 mm
At END 2 :
Wu L2 ( 12.798 ) ( 1.6 )2
Mu = = = 3.2763
10 10
MU 3.276 x 10e6
Rn = = = 1.880
f b d12 0.90 x 1000 x (44 )2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 1.880
= x 1- 1-
275 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d1
= ( 0.00713 ) ( 1000 ) ( 44 )
= 313.7807209266 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 360.44279
As 313.7807209266
say S = 360 mm
temperature bars :
Ast = 0.0020 bh
= 0.0020 ( 1000 ) ( 90 )
= 180 mm2
Smax = 5h = 5 ( 90 ) = 450 mm or
Therefore, Smax = 450 mm (either governs)
DESIGN OF 2S-
Given:
short side A: 3 m fc' = 28 mPa
long side B: 4.5 m fy = 415 mPa
f = 0.9
LOADS: f = 0.85
live load: 0.6 kPa conc. unit wt.= 23.5 kN/m3
SOLUTION:
3.00
ratio m = = 0.67 > 0.500 Two-way Slab!
4.50
Dead Loads:
slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.= ( 0.125 ) ( 23.5 ) = 2.94
floor finish = 1.1
ceiling finish = 0.24
mech. duct allowance = 0.25
electrical load = 0.25
partition load = 0
miscellaneous loads = 0.3
Water Proofing = 0.26
5.34
Factored Load:
WUDL = 1.2 (DL) = 1.2 ( 5.34 ) = 6.41
WULL = 1.6 (LL) = 1.6 ( 0.6 ) = 0.96
WU = WUDL + WULL = 7.37
at midspan
MADL = (WuDL) (CADL) (A2)
= 2.79 kN-m
MALL = (WuLL) (CALL) (A2)
= 0.52 kN-m
MA = MADL + MALL = 3.31 kN-m
at midspan
MBDL = (WuDL) (CBDL) (B2)
= 1.27 kN-m
MBLL = (WuLL) (CBLL) (B2)
= 0.51 kN-m
MB = MBDL + MBLL = 1.78 kN-m
Strength Design:
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
MA 5.50 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.62
fbd 1
2
0.90 x 1000 x (99 ) 2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.62
= x 1- 1-
415 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d1
= ( 0.00337 ) ( 1000 ) ( 99 )
= 333.98 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 338.65
As 333.98
say S = 330 mm
at midspan
MA 3.31 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.38
f b d12 0.90 x 1000 x (99 ) 2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.38
= x 1- 1-
415 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d1
= ( 0.00337 ) ( 1000 ) ( 99 )
= 333.98 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 338.65
As 333.98
say S = 330 mm
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.36
= x 1- 1-
415 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d2
= ( 0.00337 ) ( 1000 ) ( 87 )
= 293.49 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 385.36
As 293.49
say S = 380 mm
at midspan
MB 1.78 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.26
f b d22 0.90 x 1000 x (87 ) 2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.26
= x 1- 1-
415 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d2
= ( 0.00337 ) ( 1000 ) ( 87 )
= 293.49 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 385.36
As 293.49
say S = 380 mm
DESIGN OF TWO
with INTERPO
Given:
short side A: 3.8 m fc' = 28 mPa
long side B: 4.2 m fy = 248 mPa
f = 0.9
LOADS: f = 0.85
live load: 4.8 kPa conc. unit wt. = 24 kN/m3
SOLUTION:
3.80
ratio m = = 0.905 > 0.500 Two-way Slab!
4.20
d1 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) = 69 mm
d2 = h - (cover) - (rebar f) - (half of rebar f) =
Dead Loads:
slab self-weight = h x conc. unit wt.= ( 0.125 ) ( 24 ) = 3.00
floor finish = 1.1
ceiling finish = 0.8
mech. duct allowance = 0.25
electrical load = 2.2
partition load = 0.93
miscellaneous loads = 1
Water Proofing = 0.26
9.54
Factored Load:
WUDL = 1.2 (DL) = 1.2 ( 9.54 ) = 11.448
WULL = 1.6 (LL) = 1.6 ( 4.8 ) = 7.68
WU = WUDL + WULL = 19.13
at midspan
for DL: 0.95 0.03
0.905 CADL
0.90 0.033
at midspan
for DL: 0.95 0.024
0.905 CBDL
0.90 0.022
Strength Design:
A. Short Span, Middle Strip
at continuous edge
MA 16.441 x 10e6
Rn = = = 3.837
f b d12 0.90 x 1000 x (69 ) 2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 3.837
= x 1- 1-
248 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d1
= ( 0.01697 ) ( 1000 ) ( 69 )
= 1171.0976645078 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 96.576061
As 1171.0976645078
say S = 90 mm
at midspan
MA 9.691 x 10e6
Rn = = = 2.262
f b d12 0.90 x 1000 x (69 ) 2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 2.262
= x 1- 1-
248 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d1
= ( 0.00960 ) ( 1000 ) ( 69 )
= 662.3673380976 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 170.75117
As 662.3673380976
say S = 170 mm
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 4.671
= x 1- 1-
248 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d2
= ( 0.02117 ) ( 1000 ) ( 57 )
= 1206.5574123696 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 93.737769
As 1206.5574123696
say S = 90 mm
at midspan
MB 8.042 x 10e6
Rn = = = 2.750
f b d22 0.90 x 1000 x (57 ) 2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 2.750
= x 1- 1-
248 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d2
= ( 0.01182 ) ( 1000 ) ( 57 )
= 673.6094477419 mm2
using 12 mm bars
Ad (1000) ( 113.10) (1000)
S= = = 167.90145
As 673.6094477419
say S = 160 mm
GUIDELINES:
1. Fill-up only colored cells with their corresponding values.
1.6 m slab length
40 mm concrete stress and strain
type of loading
miscellaneous dead loads
rebars diameter and concrete cover
constants for computing h and Mu.
mm2 2. Avoid editing non-colored cells for it may cause unreasonable design.
3. For the design of sections having different moments, just replace tha value of
denominator for Mu for that corresponding section.
4. Checking computations using calculator may will not match with the computer's
computations due to rounding-off numbers. Computer uses complete decimal
numbers and exact values.
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
1.3651 kN-m
MPa
= 0.00290
use 0.00509
= 0.03783
mm
mm
mm
2.3402 kN-m
MPa
= 0.00503
use 0.00509
= 0.03783
mm
mm
mm
3.2763 kN-m
MPa
= 0.00713
use 0.00509
= 0.03783
mm
mm
mm
628.33 mm
450 mm
(either governs)
450 mm
RESULTING TABLE
GUIDELINES:
1. Fill-up only colored cells with their corresponding values.
mm slab dimensions
concrete stress and strain
125 mm type of loading
miscellaneous dead loads
rebars diameter and concrete cover
87 mm constants from the table of values
2. Avoid editing non-colored cells for it may cause unreasonable design.
3. Give the exact dimensions of the slab. Don't forget to subtract the supporting
kPa beam dimensions.
kPa 4. Checking computations using calculator may will not match with the computer's
kPa computations due to rounding-off numbers. Computer uses complete decimal
kPa numbers and exact values.
kPa 5. Having discontinuous edge will depend upon the case of the slab.
kPa As seen on the table, depends on slab's case.
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
MPa
= 0.00152
use 0.00337
= 0.02161
mm
mm
mm
MPa
= 0.00091
use 0.00337
= 0.02161
mm
mm
mm
MPa
= 0.00088
use 0.00337
= 0.02161
mm
mm
mm
MPa
= 0.00063
use 0.00337
= 0.02161
mm
mm
mm
RESULTING TABLE
GUIDELINES:
1. Fill-up only colored cells with their corresponding values.
mm slab dimensions
concrete stress and strain
125 mm type of loading
miscellaneous dead loads
rebars diameter and concrete cover
57 mm constants from the table of values
2. Avoid editing non-colored cells for it may cause unreasonable design.
3. Give the exact dimensions of the slab. Don't forget to subtract the supporting
kPa beam dimensions.
kPa 4. Checking computations using calculator may will not match with the computer's
kPa computations due to rounding-off numbers. Computer uses complete decimal
kPa numbers and exact values.
kPa 5. Having discontinuous edge will depend upon the case of the slab.
kPa As seen on the table, depends on slab's case.
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
kPa
MPa
= 0.01697
use 0.00565
= 0.04329
mm
mm
mm
MPa
= 0.00960
use 0.00565
= 0.04329
mm
mm
mm
MPa
= 0.02117
use 0.00565
= 0.04329
mm
mm
mm
MPa
= 0.01182
use 0.00565
= 0.04329
mm
mm
mm
sonable design.
ust replace tha value of
S (mm)
250
250
250
250
250
250
sonable design.
subtract the supporting
se of the slab.
Column Strip
S (mm)
135
250
250
135
240
250
sonable design.
subtract the supporting
se of the slab.
DESIGN OF BEAM
END 1 MIDSPAN
LOAD
V M M
from MDM 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL 137.4067 -75.429 140.8715
from Seismic Analysis EL --- 0 ---
1.2DL + 1.6LL 137.4067 -75.429 140.8715
Given:
Wu = 38.19 kN d' =100 mm
fc' = 28 MPa
fy = 275 MPa
f = 0.9
f1 = 0.85 d=
Es = 200000 MPa
d= 540 mm
b= 300 mm
d' = 100 mm
L= 4.6 m b = 300 mm
cover : 40 mm
using 10 mm f stirrups
Wu = 38.19 kN
L = 4.6 m
137.4067 Vu at d distance
d= 0.54 m
140.8715 kN-m
75.43 kN-m
AT END 1 :
Mu 75.429
Mn = = = 83.81 kN-m
f 0.9
As = rmax b d
= ( 0.03783 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )
= 6128.90182 mm2
1 r fy
Mu = f fy f b d2 1- x
1.7 fc'
1 ( 0.03783
= ( 0.0378 ) ( 275 ) ( 0.9 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 ) 1 - 2
x
1.7 28
= 640089810 MN-mm
Mu = 640.08981 kN-m
Mu 640.08981031
Mn = = = 711.2109 kN-m
f 0.9
711.2109003 > 83.81 Therefore, it's a single reinforcement only!
solving for c: a
c=
f1 2Mn1
from Mn1 = As1 fy ( d - a/2) ; a = 2d -
As1 fy
a= 236.057
236.057143
therefore c = = 277.714 mm
0.85
Therefore,
0.003 ( 277.714 - 100 )
Es' = = 0.00192
277.714
As = As1 + As2
= 6128.9018182 + -5185.1314
= 943.77041039 mm2
AT MIDSPAN :
Mu 140.8715
Mn = = = 156.523889 kN-m
f 0.9
As = rmax b d
= ( 0.03783 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )
= 6128.90182 mm2
1 r fy
Mu = f fy f b d 2
1- x
1.7 fc'
1 ( 0.03783
= ( 0.0378 ) ( 275 ) ( 0.9 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 ) 1 - 2
x
1.7 28
= 640089810 MN-mm
Mu = 640.08981 kN-m
Mu 640.08981031
Mn = = = 711.2109 kN-m
f 0.9
711.2109003 > 156.52388889 Therefore, it's a single reinforcement only!
solving for c: a
c=
f1 2Mn1
from Mn1 = As1 fy ( d - a/2) ; a = 2d -
As1 fy
a= 236.057
236.057143
therefore c = = 277.714 mm
0.85
Therefore,
0.003 ( 277.714 - 100 )
Es' = = 0.00192
277.714
As = As1 + As2
= 6128.9018182 + -4584.1902
= 1544.7116409 mm2
AT END 2 :
Mu 3.401
Mn = = = 3.77888889 kN-m
f 0.9
As = rmax b d
= ( 0.03783 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )
= 6128.90182 mm2
1 r fy
Mu = f fy f b d2 1- x
1.7 fc'
1 ( 0.03783
= ( 0.0378 ) ( 275 ) ( 0.9 ) ( 300 ) ( 540 )2 1 - x
1.7 28
= 640089810 MN-mm
Mu = 640.08981 kN-m
Mu 640.08981031
Mn = = = 711.2109 kN-m
f 0.9
711.2109003 > 3.7788888889 Therefore, it's a single reinforcement only!
solving for c: a
c=
f1 2Mn1
from Mn1 = As1 fy ( d - a/2) ; a = 2d -
As1 fy
a= 236.057
236.06
therefore c = = 277.714 mm
0.85
Therefore,
0.003 ( 277.714 - 100 )
Es' = = 0.00192
277.714
As = As1 + As2
= 6128.9018182 + -5846.5455
= 282.35626898 mm2
Vu = 212.484 kN
Vud = Vu - Wu d
= 212.484 - ( 38.19 ) ( 0.54 )
= 191.8614 kN
= 191861.4 N
1
Vc = fc' bw d
6
1
= 28 ( 300 ) ( 540 )
6
= 142,870.571 N
f Vc 0.75 ( 142,870.571 )
= = 53576.4641 N
2 2
f Vc
Vud > Therefore, the beam needs web reinforcement!
2
f
Av = 2 4 ( 10 )2 = 157.079633 mm2
d = 540mm
Vud =
Vu = 212,484 N
x = 4.161 m
stirrups needed here
212,484 N - 38,190 x = 53,576
x= 4.16 m
to provide the needed spacing based from other values of V u to minimize stirrups,
At x = 1 m
Vu = 212,484 - 38,190 ( 1 )
= 174,294 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
174,294
= - 142,870.571
0.75
= 89521.429 N
Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 275 ) ( 540 )
= = 260.566947 mm
89521.429
At x = 1.5 m
Vu = 212,484 - 38,190 ( 1.5 )
= 155,199 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
155,199
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= 64061.429 N
Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 275 ) ( 540 )
= = 364.124338 mm
64061.429
OPTIONAL SECTION
At x = 2 m
Vu = 212,484 - 38,190 ( 2 )
= 136,104 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
136,104
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= 17251.781941 N
Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 275 ) ( 540 )
= = 1352.11108 mm
17251.7819411765
At x = 2.5 m
Vu = 212,484 - 38,190 ( 2.5 )
= 117,009 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
117,009
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -5212.9239412 N
Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 275 ) ( 540 )
= = -4474.7105 mm
-5212.9239411765
At x = 3 m
Vu = 212,484 - 38,190 ( 3 )
= 97,914 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
97,914
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -27677.629824 N
Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 275 ) ( 540 )
= = -842.78624 mm
-27677.6298235294
At x = 3.5 m
Vu = 212,484 - 38,190 ( 3.5 )
= 78,819 N
Vu
Vs = - Vc
f
78,819
= - 142,870.571
0.85
= -50142.335706 N
Av fy d
s=
Vs
( 157.08 ) ( 275 ) ( 540 )
= = -465.20221 mm
-50142.3357058823
@ 200 mm spacing
540 - 50 = 490 mm
490 mm
= 2.45 say 3 pcs
200 mm
END 2
V M
212.484 -3.401
--- 0.000 NOT INCLUDED
212.484 -3.401
CEMENT
540 mm
Shear Diagram in KN
-212.484
Moment Diagram
3.40 kN-m
) ( 275 )
Mu = f Rn b d
75.429 = 0.9 Rn ( 300 ) ( 540
Rn 0.9580476 Mpa
= 0.85 fc' 1 - 1- 2 Rn
fy 0.85 fc
= 0.85 28 1- 1-
275
= 0.0035569
As = f b d1
= ( 0.00509 ) ( 300) ( 540 )
SION STEEL DOESN'T YIELD: = 824.7272727273 mm2
0.00192
( 275 )
0.00138 minimum edge distance = cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirrup
= ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
= 70 mm
-627.40x10e6
OK!
4 pcs.
3 bars horizontally
OK!
) ( 275 )
single reinforcement only!
Mu = f Rn b d
140.8715 = 0.9 Rn ( 300 ) (
Rn = 1.78925 Mpa
= 0.85 fc' 1 - 1- 2 Rn
fy 0.85 fc
= 0.85 28 1-
275
= 0.00677
As = f b d1
SION STEEL DOESN'T YIELDS: = ( 0.00677 ) ( 300) ( 540
0.00192 = 1096.94509486 mm2
( 275 )
0.00138
minimum edge distance = cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirr
= ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10
-554.69x10e6 = 70
-14 pcs.
2 bars horizontally
OK!
5 pcs.
4 bars horizontally
OK!
) ( 275 )
Mu = f Rn b d
3.401 = 0.9 Rn ( 300 ) (
Rn = 0.0432 Mpa
= 0.85 fc' 1 - 1- 2 Rn
fy 0.85 fc
= 0.85 28 1-
275
= 0.00016 Mpa
As = f b d1
SION STEEL DOESN'T YIELDS: = ( 0.00509 ) ( 300) ( 540
0.00192 = 824.727272727 mm2
( 275 )
0.00138
minimum edge distance = cover - stirrupf - 2 x stirr
= ( 40 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10
-707.43x10e6 = 70
-18 pcs.
2 bars horizontally
OK!
1 pcs.
5 bars horizontally
OK!
RRUPS
mm
( spacing based from Vud )
191,861 N
f Vs
f Vs = 121,440 N
1/2 fVc = 53,576 N
say 260 mm
( 300 ) ( 540 )
mm
say 360 mm
( 300 ) ( 540 )
mm
say ### mm
( 300 ) ( 540 )
mm
say ### mm
( 300 ) ( 540 )
mm
say -850 mm
( 300 ) ( 540 )
mm
say -470 mm
( 300 ) ( 540 )
mm
)
2( 0.95805 )
0.85 (28)
28
4 x 275
Therefore, use 0.00509
600
= 0.03783
+ 275
er - stirrupf - 2 x stirrupf
0 ) + ( 10 ) + ( 2 x 10 )
314.15926
824.72727273
= 2.625 say 3 pcs.
314.15926 arrangement: 2 bars horizontally
1- 2( 1.7892534167 )
0.85 (28)
28
or
4 x 275
Therefore, use 0.00509
600
600 + fy
600
= 0.03783
600 + 275
rmax
Ad = 314.15926
1096.9450949
= 3.492 say 4 pcs.
314.15926 arrangement: 2 bars horizontally
- 2( 10 ) - 2( 20 )
= 160 mm > 25 mm OK!
540 )
1- 2( 0.0431971752 )
0.85 (28)
28
or
4 x 275
Therefore, use 0.00509
600
600 + fy
600
= 0.03783
600 + 275
rmax
Ad = 314.15926
824.72727273
= 2.625 say 3 pcs.
314.15926 arrangement: 2 bars horizontally
- 2( 10 ) - 2( 20 )
= 160 mm > 25 mm OK!
COLUMN DESIGN
Pu = 3959.55 kN
Given:
Pu = 2262.6 kN where As
fc' = 28 MPa r= ; As = r Ag
fy = 275 MPa Ag
initial r = 0.05
f = 0.65
Solution:
checking r :
rgmin = 1% of Ag = 0.01
rgmax = 8% of Ag = 0.08
As 1256.63706
r= = = 0.014
Ag 90000
rgmin < r < rgmax OK for rho min! Also, OK! for rho max
Design of ties:
( a ) 16 db = 16 ( 20 ) = 320 mm
( b ) 48 dt = 48 ( 10 ) = 480 mm
( c ) least lateral column dimension = 300 mm
UMN
Ag ) ]
mum req'd rebars
FOUNDATION DESIGN
Given:
DL = 13.44 kN/m a= 0.2 m
LL = 0 kN/m depth of footing = 1500 mm
fc' = 28 MPa
fy = 420 MPa cover = 75 mm
f = 0.9 0.75
qa = 200 kN/m2
conc weight = 23.5 kN/m3
soil weight = 16 kN/m3 LL
DL
a
Ground Line
1500mm
500mm
1m
Solution:
500 1000
= 200 - ( 23.5 ) - ( 16 )
1000 1000
= 172.25 kN/m2
DL + LL
width required ( l ) =
qe
13.44 + 0
=
172.25
= 0.078 m say 1 m
1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
qu =
width required
= 16.128 kN/m2
l - a
Vu = - d ( qu )
2
1 - 0.0002
= - 0.425 ( 16.128 )
2
= 1.2079872 kN
6 Vu
d=
f fc' ( bw )
6 ( 1.208 ) (10 )3
=
( 0.75 ) 28 ( 1000 )
l - a 1 - 0.0002
cantilever length = = = 0.5 m
2 2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.012
= x 1- 1- = 0.00003
420 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 1000 ) ( 425 )
= 1416.667 mm2
say S = 220 mm
Given:
DL = 312.19 kN a = 400 m
LL = 156.1 kN depth of footing = 1500 mm
fc' = 28 MPa
fy = 420 MPa cover = 90 m
f = 0.9 0.75
fs = 40
qa = 200 kN/m 2
400 mm
400 mm
Ground Line
1500mm
350mm
2m
Solution:
350 1150
= 200 - ( 23.54 ) - ( 18 )
1000 1000
= 171.061 kN/m2
DL + LL
Af required =
qe
312.193 + 156
=
171.061
= 2.73756 m2
Use : 2 m x 2 m footing
Af = 4 m2
bearing pressur`
1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
qu =
Af
= 156.096 kN/m2
2m
A1
0.54 m d = 260 mm
0.8 m
Vu1 = qu ( A1 )
= ( 156.096 ) [ ( 0.54 ) ( 2 ) ]
= 168.584 kN
6 Vu1
d=
f fc' ( bw )
6 ( 168.584 ) (10 )3
=
( 0.75 ) 28 ( 2000 )
A2
d/2
a
400 + 260 =
d/2
bo = 4 ( 660 ) = 2640 mm
Vu2 = qu ( A2 )
= ( 156.096 ) [ ( 4 ) - ( 0.66 )2 ]
= 556.390 kN
3 Vu2
d=
f fc' ( bo )
3 ( 556.390 ) ( 10 )3
=
0.75 28 ( 2640 )
12 Vu2
d=
fs d
f +2 fc' ( bo )
bo
12 ( 556.390 ) ( 10 )3
=
( 40 ) d
0.75 28 ( 2640 )
2640 + 2
where a = 158.745078664 d2
b = 20954.3503836 d
c = -6676681.1672
-b f b2 - 4ac
d=
2a
d= 149.4417276 mm or -281.441728 mm
l - a 2 - 0.4
cantilever length = = = 0.8 m
2 2
Mu 99.902 x 10e6
Rn = = = 0.821 MPa
fbd 1
2
0.90 x 2000 x (260 )
2
0.85 fc' 2 Rn
r = x 1- 1-
fy 0.85 fc'
(0.85)( 28 ) 2 x 0.821
= x 1- 1- = 0.00199
420 0.85 x 28.0
As = f b d
= ( 0.00333 ) ( 2000 ) ( 260 )
= 1733.333 mm2
using 25 mm bars ; Ad = 490.87
say S = 280 mm
N
Note : Fill-up yellow cells only.
NG
( wall thickness )
425mm
0.00003
0.00333
0.02125
OOTING
( column dimension )
260mm
400 + 260 = 660 mm
0.00199
0.00333
0.02125