POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

LOPEZ BRANCH
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Lopez, Quezon

AN ASSESSMENT ON THE EFFECTS OF ROAD WIDENING OF MAHARLIKA HIGHWAY

FROM BRGY. DEL PILAR TO BRGY. MAGSAYSAY LOPEZ, QUEZON

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Subjects

Submitted by:

Abejuela, Henmark A. Coronacion, Rizza L.

Ajos, Vicente III C. Fernandez, Edward Joseph
Alea, Cyril A. Inopequez, Andrea
Aguilar, Jean Lei T. Masilang, Mildred
Chavez, Romani Noel S. Murillo, Nikko
San Juan, Irish Noemi L.

Second Semester
SY 2016-2017
 CERTIFICATION

This research entitled A STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF ROAD WIDENING OF

MAHARLIKA HIGHWAY FROM BRGY. DEL PILAR TO BRGY. MAGSAYSAY LOPEZ,
QUEZON was submitted by Abejuela Henmark, Aguilar Jean Lei, Ajos Vicente, Alea
Cyril, Chavez Romani Noel, Coronacion Rizza,Fernandez Edward Joseph, Inopequis
Andrea, Masilang Mildred, Murillo Nikko and San Juan Irish Noemi.

In partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil

Engineering this research has been examined and recommended for acceptance
and approval for oral examination.

_______________________
Engr. Nelson N. Entienza

Subject Instructor
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

With a heartfelt gratitude, we, the researches would like to acknowledge the
following persons who contributed their efforts and time for without their help the
research may not be possible.

To our beloved parents, for supporting us morally and financially.

Engr. Nelson N. Entienza, for giving us insights and advises regarding this research.

The respondents, for giving their time in answering the questions.

Our friends, who helped us in making surveys.
And most especially to God, for giving us strength and wisdom to finish this
research.
ABSTRACT
This research entitled an assessment on the effects of road widening on
Lopez Maharlika Highway from Brgy. Del Pilar to Brgy. Magsaysay is constructed
from descriptive research conducted for the purpose of making inferences regarding
the effects of road widening in Lopez Daang Maharlika in prospect.
The study conducted in Polytechnic University of the Philippines used interviews,
and survey questionnaires with a total population of 68 respondents clustered
between drivers, and passengers (also students, residents, and workers) randomly
selected to gather information for the completion of this study. We also conducted
physical observations on the affected areas along Maharlika Highway.

This study concludes that the road widening in Lopez Maharlika Highway favorably
and unfavorably impact the local residents, students drivers, and passengers.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTINGS
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
ASSUMPTION AND HYPOTHESIS
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
DEFINITION OF TERMS
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA
IV. ANALYSIS, PRESENTATION, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
V. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
CONCLUSION
RECOMMENDATION
APPENDIX
BIBLIOGRAPHY
I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
INTRODUCTION
Transportation has become one of the major factor affecting the
development and advancement of cities. Accessibility influence the economic
growth of a locality, which compliments the growing scope of transportation.
Ownership of cars and other vehicles became in demand that leads to the
increase of vehicular traffic, hence the space of road became insufficient to uphold
the stipulating growth of traffic. At present, Lopez has shown a depressing result in
flow of traffic. Since Lopez is included in the main road which transport passengers
from Manila to Bicol and vice versa, buses and other means of transportation
frequently travel along Maharlika highway Lopez, Quezon, in addition the number of
vehicle in Lopez varies greatly especially the number of tricycles in town,
congestions in traffic flow are experienced and it can also exceed the carrying
capacity of road during peak hours.
Widening and repairing of existing road surfaces is a common road design
problem. Road widening requires the construction of road shoulders and widening
of the main road on both sides in accordance with the law of the project locale.
Road widening of Lopez Maharlika Highway (General Vera Ave. former Real Street)
is yet complicated given the limited space for widening and the large number of
existing structures that may conflict with it.
This research an assessment of the effects of road widening is conducted to
determine the efficiency of road widening and its impact to the citizens of Lopez.

OBJECTIVES
To determine how the effects of Road widening of Lopez Maharlika highway
impact the local residents, drivers, and travelers.

To determine the possible effects of Road widening of Lopez Maharlika

highway in daily traffic and socioeconomic environment in addition to assessment of
the existing road infrastructure
 To classify advantages and disadvantages of road widening of lopez
maharlika highway

ASSUMPTIONS
This study focused on the assumption that the road widening of Lopez
Maharlika Highway project is built possible.
We assumed that because of the growing amount of vehicles, lack of parking
space, the recent congestions of traffic in Lopez widening of Maharlika Highway is
necessary. Since the number of vehicles and congestion of traffic have increase
significantly and there is no scope for increasing the road length and widening due
to land acquisition problems and establishments along Maharlika Highway, it is
assumed that conflict within the local residents will arise in the proposition of the
project.
Standard widening- increased one lane at both sides width = existing road
width (including paved walkways and shoulders max width=3m, curb and
gutter.) in Lopez Maharlika Highway (General Vera Ave. former Real Street)
inside town proper from Brgy. Del Pilar to Brgy. Magsaysay.

Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
The effect of road widening at Maharlika Highway (from Del Pilar to
Magsaysay) has unfavorable impact in the local residents, environment and
economic development of Lopez Quezon.

Operational Hypothesis
The effect of road widening at Maharlika Highway (from Del Pilar to
Magsaysay) has favorable impact in the local residents and environment.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Reducing the distance between people, markets, services and knowledge or

simply getting people connected is a great part of what economic growth is all
about.

Although virtual connectivity has become increasingly important today with

the emergence of new communication avenues, a good and reliable transport
network remains vital. There is a very strong positive correlation between a
country's economic development and the quality of its road network.

The Government has nevertheless made significant efforts to improve the road
situation as seen in the increased amounts allocated to the sector over the past few
years.

This study has significance for the knowledge of development of roads and its
impact to community. The presentation of this study visualizes in prospect the
effects of the road widening. The opinion and attitude of the drivers, commuters or
passengers, residents, will also be observed based on surveys, and questionnaires.

This research will contribute for further references for the current and future
development of our road infrastructures and also to upcoming related or similar
studies. Mainly, Lopez town proper community will be benefited to this study as
well as other near town areas, and the whole Philippine south transport network.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Auto-dependency-
Accesibility-
Capacity-
Cluster-
Congestion-
Daang Maharlika National Road of the Philippines
Infrastructure-
Road Widening
Transportation-
Traffic-
Variable-

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

The scope of this research focused mainly on the effects of widening the
Maharlika Highway to the flow of traffic in Lopez, to the citizens to the assessment
of existing road of Lopez at present.
The study is conducted along Maharlika Highway from Brgy. Del Pilar to Brgy.
Magsaysay lopez, Quezon, where all the data were gathered. Business enterprises,
drivers and local residents nearby the research locale, serves as the respondents of
the research.
Also, we have cited the areas that may be affected by the road widening in
prospect.
 II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES

Philippine transportation in the early years of 1900 is depending largely on

trails, waterways, earth roads, rail roads and partially graveled roads. Proper roads
or highways in those times were merely a dream for Filipinos. The development of
roadways in our country was merely initiated by the time that the Americans stayed
in our mother land. The popular Macadam road type which originated from England
was merely introduced. Later-on gained wide acceptance because of the abundant
supply of stones and gravel. After World War II, the rehabilitation, construction and
beautification of roads and bridges were continued by the new independent
Philippine government. They money paid the Japanese government for the war
damages and as well as reparations. Other were grants from the government of the
United States of America.

After almost five decades, highways and expressways were constructed

through the help of foreign banks, who approved loans and financial assistance. As
a result of improvement in the roadways the vehicles of different types started to
flood the roadways. The LTO reviled that there are about eighty thousand (80000)
new vehicles were added in their list every year. By this tremendous rising of
vehicle occupying and using the roadways, the government along side with other
agencies, decided to make an improvement started to name the national road as
the Pan-Philippines Road or some call it National Road of the Philippines and
now ist name is Daang Maharlika Road. It connects Laoag City in Luzon with
Zamboanga City in Mindanao. It has a total length of 3,517 km (2,185mi).
Transport infrastructure and development effects
The theory is that a road improvement will lead to direct effects in the form of
reduced journey time, reduced cost and improved reliability. The benefits from
these
effects will in particular be passed on to previous road users, passengers and
companies.
The anticipation is further that these will lead to beneficial effects for the
communities affected by the road. The extent to which different households and
companies benefit, relocate and/or established from any given road improvement
will depend on a number of indirect effects which are in turn determined by
context. Accordingly, the indirect development effects are changes that are
stimulated by the direct effects; such as changes in investments, production and
production systems, employment, transport service supply and demand,
competition, etc.
In the present study, accessibility is dened as the ease with
which goods can reach other places, measured in terms of time, cost,
seasonality, and transport services provided (cf., van de Walle,2002; Halden, 2003;
Reneland, 2004). This denition can be used as an analytical tool to analyze the
effects of improved accessibility.
Seasonality refers to the periods during the year when the movement of
certain (optimum mode) or all vehicles on a road, or section thereof, is
hindered or even prevented entirely. The optimum mode varies according to
the type of load it carries.

RELATED CITATIONS
McBrides (2013) explained that how environment gets affect from
the project of road widening. While doing the project some of the
trees will be cutoff unnecessarily. He also explained that how we
can conduct the road widening project without damaging the
environment by using correct and advanced technology.
Asia pulse (2011) states that due to road widening will be able to
manage increased capacity in vehicles. It controls the traffic of new
 vehicles in in the road and it makes transportation process easy.
The extension of the road once completed will additionally ease the
current traffic condition. It reduces according to time and increases
driving comfort
The impact of Road widening on the local economy (Nozzi 2013)
For nearly a century, road widening has been touted as a powerful stimulus
for the local economy.
However, by striking contrast, I have learned the opposite.
One of the most important lessons I have learned in my many years as a city
planner is that quality of life is a powerful economic engine, and that the
habitat intended to make cars happy is, conversely, one of the most
powerful ways that quality of life in a community is damaged.
Road widening inherently creates increased auto-dependency because big,
high-speed, happy car roads create what economists call a barrier effect.
That is, big and high-speed roads make it more difficult to travel by bicycle,
walking or transit. So wider roads recruit new motorists in a vicious, never-
ending cycle of widening, more car dependence, more congestion, more calls
for widening, etc.
 III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The type of research of this study is descriptive research. Descriptive

research is also known as statistical research, describes data & characteristics
about the population or phenomenon being studied. It describes & tells us the
relationship between one variable & another variable.

RESEARCH DESIGN

The descriptive method of research was used in the study. Descriptive

method of research is a fact-finding study with accurate interpretation of the
findings. It is a process of gathering data using questionnaires that the respondents
will answer. Since the study is concerned with the assessment of the effects of road
widening of Maharlika Highway from Brgy. Del Pilar to Brgy. Magsaysay Lopez,
Quezon. This is the most appropriate method to use in getting substantial
information about the topic followed by physical observations of the areas that may
be affected by the road widening.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

In order for the research to be organized and obtain accurate, and reliable
results for the data collection and analysis, questionnaires were used. The
importance of this instrument is apparently observed in the succeeding chapter of
this study, especially in the quantitative and qualitative aspects of this research.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUES

The sampling technique used in the study was percentage sampling. The
researchers used cluster sampling to get the number of the respondents involved in
the study. From this method, the researchers used the frequency and percentage
formula to get the total percentage of the data needed.
STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

In getting where the respondents perception, the group used frequency

distribution where N stands for the total number of respondents along Maharlika
Highway. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed. Analysis of data was
guided by mean percentage.

1. Percentage
Frequency and percentage distribution will be used to evaluate the opinion or
perception of the assessment on the effects of road widening of Maharlika
Highway from Brgy. Del Pilar to Brgy. Magsaysay Lopez, Quezon.

Where:
P= percentage
F= frequency
N=total number of respondents
100 = constant

The percentage distribution will be used by the researcher as a useful

indicator for the determining items where the respondents favored.

2. Weighted Arithmetic mean

Xw = fw/f
Where:
Xw = weighted mean
fw = sum of te product of f (frequency) and (weighted)

Weighted arithmetic mean will be used to determine the items that the
respondents favored in ranking question.

3. Modified Likert Scale of Range 1-5

 Use to rate the degree of water distribution n the campus.

Range interval = (5 -1)/5 = 0.80 therefore:

INTERVAL RATE OF EFFICIENCY

4.21 - 5.00 Excellent
3.41 4.20 Very Satisfactory
2.61 3.40 Satisfactory
1.81 2.60 Fair
1.00 1.80 Poor

IV.ANALYSIS, PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter shows the analysis, presentation and interpretation of gathered data of
the research.
Table 1.1 & 1.2 shows the rate of the local residents and driver to the service of
Maharlika Highway in terms of capacity and flow
Table 1.1 Rates of the Local Residents, Students and Passenger To The
Service Of Maharlika Highway In Terms Of Capacity And Flow
Category: Local residents, Students and Passengers No. of
Respondents: 35
Rate Frequency of Percentage Weighted Mean
Students
Excellent (5) 1 2.86%
Very Satisfactory (4) 5 14.29%
Satisfactory (3) 23 65.71%
2.94
Fair (2) 3 8.57%
Poor (1) 3 8.57%
TOTAL 35
Capacity= 2.94 (Satisfactory)
From the above table we can interpret that out of thirty five (35), 23 respondents
rated satisfactory. It shows that the majority of the respondents are satisfied with
the service of maharlika Highway in terms of capacity and flow. 5 respondents rate
was very satisfactory, 3 respondents rated poor and fair and only 1 respondent
rated excellent.
Table 1.2 Rate of The Drivers To The Service Of Maharlika Highway In
Terms Of Capacity And Flow
Category: DRIVER No. of
Respondents: 33
Rate Frequency Percentage Weighted Mean
 Excellent (5) 3 9.09%
Very Satisfactory (4) 8 24.24%
Satisfactory (3) 13 39.40%
3.15
Fair (2) 9 27.27%
Poor (1) 0 0%
TOTAL 33 100%
Capacity=3.15 (Satisfactory)
The table shows that 13 out of 33 drivers rate the capacity and flow of Maharlika
Highway satisfactory which reveals that most drivers are satisfied. And 9 drivers
rated fair, 8 drivers rate was very satisfactory and only 3 drivers rate were
excellent.

Table 2.1 & 2.2 shows the rate of the local residents, students, passengers and
driver to the service of Maharlika Highway in terms of safety
Table 2.1 Rates of the Local Residents, Students and Passenger To The
Service Of Maharlica Highway In Terms Of Safety

Category: Local residents, Students and Passengers No. of

Respondents: 35
Rate Frequency Percentage Weighted Mean
Excellent (5) 2 5.71%
Very Satisfactory (4) 10 28.58%
Satisfactory (3) 16 45.71%
3.14
Fair (2) 5 14.29%
Poor (1) 2 5.71%
TOTAL 35
Safety=3.14 (Satisfactory)

It shows that from 35 respondents, 16 respondents rate satisfactory to the safety

of Maharlika Highway. It indicates that most of them are satisfied. 10 respondents
rated very satisfactory, 5 rated fair and 2 respondents rated excellent and poor.
Table 2.2 Rates of the Driver To The Service Of Maharlika Highway In
Terms Of Safety

Category: DRIVER No. of

Respondents: 33
Rate Percentage Weighted Mean
Excellent (5) 2 6.06%
Very Satisfactory (4) 7 21.21%
Satisfactory (3) 19 57.58%
3.12
Fair (2) 3 9.09%
Poor (1) 2 6.06%
TOTAL 33 100%
Safety=3.12 (Satisfactory)
The table 2.1 indicates that 19 drivers were satisfied with the safety of Maharlika
Highway which covers 57.58% of the population, 7 drivers (21.21%) were very
satisfied , 3(9.09%) drivers rated fair and 2(6.06%) driver rated excellent and
poor.

Table 3.1 & 3.2 shows the rate of the local residents and driver with the
implementation of rules and regulation in Maharlika Highway
Table 3.1
The Rate Of The Local Residents, Students And Passenger With The
Implementation Of Rules And Regulation In Maharlika Highway

Category: Local residents, Students and Passengers No. of

Respondents: 35
Rate Frequency Percentage Weighted Mean
Excellent (5) 4 11.43%
Very Satisfactory (4) 6 17.14%
Satisfactory (3) 16 45.71%
3.06
Fair (2) 6 17.14%
Poor (1) 3 8.57%
TOTAL 35
Implementation of rules and recommendations=3.06 (Satisfactory)
Table 3.1 shows that 16 (45.71%) respondents rate the implementation of rules
and regulation in Maharlika highway as satisfactory, 6 respondents rated very
satisfactory and fair which covers 17.14% of the population, 4 rated excellent and
only 3 rated poor.
The table also shows that the weighted mean for this question is 3.06 which is
equivalent to an efficiency rate of satisfactory.
Table 3.2
The Rate Of Drivers With The Implementation Of Rules And Regulation In
Maharlika Highway
Category: DRIVER No. of
Respondents: 33
Rate Percentage Weighted Mean
Excellent (5) 3 9.09%
Very Satisfactory (4) 6 18.19%
Satisfactory (3) 11 33.33%
2.91
Fair (2) 11 33.33%
Poor (1) 2 6.06%
TOTAL 33 100%
Implementation of rules and recommendations =2.91 (Satisfactory)
It indicates that out of 33 drivers, 11 drivers rated satisfactory and fair with the the
implementation of rules and regulation in Maharlika Highway, 6 drivers rated very
satisfactory, 3 drivers rated excellent and 6.06% of the population rated poor.
Table 4.1
The Rate Of The Local Residents, Students And Passenger With Sufficient
Information about Road Signs And Signals
Category: Local residents, Students and Passengers No. of
Respondents: 35
 Rate Frequency Percentage Weighted Mean
Excellent (5) 2 5.71%
Very Satisfactory (4) 5 14.29%
Satisfactory (3) 15 42.86%
2.77
Fair (2) 9 25.71%
Poor (1) 4 11.43%
TOTAL 35
Information=2.77 (Satisfactory)
From the above table we can interpret that out of thirty five(35), 15 respondents
rated satisfactory. It shows that the majority of the respondents are satisfied with
the service of Maharlika Highway in terms of sufficient information. 9 respondents
rated fair, 5 respondents rated very satisfactory, 4 respondents rated poor and
only 2 respondent rate excellent.

Table 4.2
The Rate Of The Local Residents, Students And Passenger With Sufficient
Information about road signs and signals

Category: DRIVER No. of

Respondents: 33
Rate Percentage Weighted Mean
Excellent (5) 2 6.06%
Very Satisfactory (4) 10 30.30%
Satisfactory (3) 13 39.40%
3.12
Fair (2) 6 18.18%
Poor (1) 2 6.06%
TOTAL 33 100%
Information=3.12 (Satisfactory)
The table shows that 13 out of 33 drivers rated the sufficient information about
road signs and signals of Maharlika Highway as satisfactory which reveals that most
drivers are satisfied. And 10 drivers rated very satisfactory, 6 (18.18%) drivers rate
was very satisfactory and 2 drivers rated excellent and poor.

Table 5.1
Frequency of Usage of Lopez Maharlika Highway by the Drivers
Category: DRIVER No. of Respondents: 33
Rate Percentage
Not using 0 0%
Frequently in a year 0 0%
Frequently in a month 0 0%
Frequently in a week 5 15.15%
Everyday 28 84.85%
TOTAL 33 100%
Table 5.1 shows that 5 respondents which covers 15.15% of the group used our
highway in frequently in a week while the rest 28 respondents which cover 84.85%
of the group used our highway everyday.
Drivers were divided to sub-groups from private transportation, to public
transportation.
The table shows the majority of the drivers using the highway everyday.

Table 5.2
Frequency of Usage of Lopez Maharlika Highway by the Students,
Residents, Passengerd etc.
Category: STUDENT, PASSENGER, COMMUNITY No. of Respondents: 35
Rate Frequency Percentage
Not using 0 0%
Frequently in a year 0 0%
Frequently in a month 1 2.88%
Frequently in a week 11 31.43%
Everyday 23 65.71%
TOTAL 35 100%

Table 5.2 shows that 1 respondent which covers 2.88% of the group used our
highway in frequently in a month, 11 respondents which covers 31.43% of the
group used our highway in frequently in a week, while the rest 23 respondents
which cover 65.71% of the group used our highway everyday.

Table 6.1 Frequency of the Responses of Causes of Lopez Maharlika

Highway by Students, Residents, Passengers etc.
Rate Local Drivers Percentage
Residents,Students Total
Passengers, etc.
Growing Number 19 26 45 66.17%
of vehicles
Discipline of 23 29 52 76.47%
Driver/Citizen
Lack of Road 6 7 13 19.12%
Signs
Town Events, 13 12 25 36.76%
happenings etc
Lack of 4 11 15 22.06%
Knowledge
TOTAL 35 33 68
Table 6.1 shows 45 responses which covers 76.47% of the group says Disciple of
Driver/ Citizen as cause of traffic, 52 responses which covers 66.17% says Growing
number of Vehicles, 25 responses which covers 36.76% says Town events,
Happenings, etc. , 11 responses which covers 22.06% says Lack of Knowledge, and
13 responses which covers 19.12% says Lack of Road Signs.
This reveals that discipline of drivers/citizen (76.47%) which covers most responses
is a major factor causing traffic, followed by growing number of vehicles (66.17%),
town events, happenings, etc.(36.76%), Lack of Knowledge (22.06%) and Lack of
Road Signs (19.12%)
Frequency of response regarding to width as a factor to consider in
traffic capacity and flow
Table 7.1
Category: DRIVER No. of Respondents: 33
Rate Percentage
Yes 27 81.82%
No 6 18.18%
Total 33 100%
27 responses which covers the majority 81.82% of the group agrees to width as a
factor to consider in traffic capacity and flow while the rest 6 responses which
covers 18.18% disagreed.

Table 7.2
Category: STUDENT, PASSENGER, COMMUNITY No. of Respondents: 35
Rate Frequency Percentage
Yes 32 91.43%
No 3 8.57%
Total 35 100%
32 responses which covers the majority 91.43% of the group agrees to width as a
factor to consider in traffic capacity and flow while the rest 3 responses which
covers 8.57% disagreed.

Frequency of Acceptance of Respondents to Road Widening of Lopez

Maharlika Highway
Table 8.1
Category: DRIVER No. of Respondents: 33
Rate Percentage
Yes 31 93.94%
No 2 6.06%
Total 33 100%
31 responses which covers the majority 93.94% of the group agrees to road
widening of Lopez Maharlika Highway while the rest 2 responses which covers
6.06% disagreed.

Table 8.2
Category: STUDENT, PASSENGER, COMMUNITY No. of Respondents: 35
Rate Frequency Percentage
Yes 34 97.14%
No 1 2.86%
Total 35 100%
34 responses which covers the majority 97.14% of the group agrees to road
widening of Lopez Maharlika Highway while the rest 1 responses which covers
2.86% disagreed.
Frequency of responses to Possible Positive Effects of Road Widening
Table 9.1
Rate Local Drivers Total Percentage
residents,
Students,
Passengers,
etc
Decreased 12 9 21 30.88%
Accident Rate
Increased 28 25 53 77.94%
Capacity and Flow
Rate
Increase Income 5 2 7 10.29
Proper Road 22 12 34 50.00%
Quality, and
Walkability
Proper Loading 13 11 24 35.29%
and unloading of
vehicles
21 responses (30.88% of the group) says decreased accident rate; 53 responses
(77.94%) says Increased capacity and flow rate; 7 responses (10.29%) says
Increased income; 34 responses (50%) says proper road quality, and walkability;
13 responses (35.29%) says proper loading and unloading of vehicles as possible
positive effects of road widening in Lopez Maharlika Highway.
Increased Capacity and Flow Rate at 77.94% got the highest response to drivers,
the following are Proper Road Quality, and Walkability (50%) Proper Road Quality,
and unloading of vehicles (35.29%), Decreased Accident Rate (30.88%), and
Increase Income (10.19%)
Others openly answered indirect effects like development of Lopez, and
rearrangement of the road features.

Frequency of responses to possible negative effects of road widening

Table 10.1
Rate Local Drivers Total Percentage
Residents,
Students,
Passengers,
etc
Adjustment and
relocation of Affected 19 31 50 73.53%
existing Structures
Losses or Decreased
9 4 13 19.12%
in Income
Temporary
Inconvenience or 18 15 33 48.53%
Disturbance
 TOTAL
50 responses (73.53%%) from the group says Adjustment and relocation of
Affected existing Structures, 13 responses (19.12%%) says Losses or Decreased in
Income, 33 responses (48.53%) says Temporary Inconvenience or Disturbance.
Others openly answered the possibility of decrease in walkability due to wide road,
decrease in social activity, and additional funding of the government.

Frequency of responses regarding to contribution of road widening to

development of Lopez Socio economic
Table 11.1
Rate
Yes 32 34 66 97.06%
No 1 1 2 2.94%
Total 33 35 68 100%
66 responses which covers the majority 97.06% of the group agrees to the
contribution of road widening of Lopez Maharlika Highway while the rest 2
responses which covers 2.94% disagreed.
PHYSICAL OBSERVATIONS: Cited areas affected by prospected road widening. The
thick RED Line along General Vera Former Real St. is the prospected road widening.
While existing Multi-storey buildings are marked RED which are critical for
adjustment.

AFFECTED AREAS FROM SAN ANTONIO ST. TO EMBARCADERO ST.

AFFECTED AREAS FROM EMBARCADERO ST. TO SALUMBIDES ST.
AFFFECTED AREAS FROM SALUMBIDES ST. TO BUS STOP AT MAGSAYSAY
 IV. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings

The general purpose of this study is to make an assessment on the

effects of road widening in Maharlika Highway as perceived by the local
residents , establishments, drivers and passengers .
Using the pure random and purposive sampling a total of 68 clustered
respondents between drivers, and locales was used as the population of the
study. A survey questionnaire was used as instrument of the study.
The following are the finding of this research based on the surveys,
questionnaires, interviews, and observations conducted:

1. Drivers, Local Residents and Establishments share views of our

existing road. Clusters rate the following:
Capacity and flow: Satisfactory
2.94(Drivers) , 3.15(Local Residents and Establishments, and
Passengers)
Safety: Satisfactory
3.12(Drivers), 3.14(Local Residents and Establishments, and
Passengers)
Implementation of Rules and Regulations: Satisfactory
2.91(drivers) , 3.96(Local Residents and Establishments, and
Passengers)
Information: Satisfactory
2.77, 3.12 respectively
Overall Rating of the existing Lopez Maharlika Highway:
Satisfactory
2. Majority of the respondents (drivers, local residents and
establishments, passengers) use our highway on everyday living.
3. Causes of traffic as perceived by Respondents.
(based on initial interviews, and surveys)
 Local Residents and Establishments, and Passengers)
This reveals that discipline of drivers/citizen (76.47%) which covers
most responses is a major factor causing traffic, followed by growing
number of vehicles (66.17%), town events, happenings, etc.(36.76%),
Lack of Knowledge (22.06%) and Lack of Road Signs (19.12%)
51.47% of respondents are drivers 48.53% are local residents,
students, and passengers

4. Majority of the Respondents agreed with the road widening in

Lopez maharlika highway.

5. The Respondents are aware of the effects of Road widening in

Lopez Maharlika Highway

Possible Positive effects:

Increased Capacity and Flow Rate at 77.94% got the highest
response to drivers, the following are Proper Road Quality, and
Walkability (50%) Proper Road Quality, and unloading of vehicles
(35.29%), Decreased Accident Rate (30.88%), and Increase
Income (10.19%)
Others openly answered indirect effects like development of Lopez,
and rearrangement of the road features.

Possible Negative Effects:

Adjustment and relocation of Affected existing Structures(73.53%),
Losses or Decreased in Income(19.12%%)
Temporary Inconvenience or Disturbance (48.53%)
Others openly answered the possibility of decrease in walkability
due to wide road, decrease in social activity, and additional funding
of the government.
6. Majority of Respondents (97.06%) agrees to the contribution of
road widening in Lopez Maharlika Highway.
CONCLUSION

Drivers and Local Residents, Students, Passengers share the same views of
our existing Maharlika highway and also the willingness on the improvement
of it.
Our existing Lopez Maharlika highway is rated satisfactory from the
responses infers that it satisfies enough of their needs in transportation.

Majority agreed for the development of road infrastructure although the

process of road widening will favorably and unfavorably impact the local
residents and establishments, and drivers and also the environment.

Respondents are aware of the possible effects of road widening in Lopez

Maharlika Highway.

The development of Lopez Maharlika Highway will lead to direct effects which
are mostly perceive by the respondents and indirect effects encompasses
with the growth of Lopez Socioeconomic environment.