Changing from element wt% to oxide wt%

Sample calculation below is shown for a labradorite

Replace numbers in red with your analysis (element wt %) to convert to oxide wt %.
Only include Si, Ti, Al, Mn, Mg, Ca, Na, K -- the other elements are not accurate enough to be meaningful.
Oxide wt % values appear in blue; cut and copy them into the appropriate mineral normalization spread sheet.
When you paste, use the Paste Special>Values option.
Analysis analysis B C normlalized
analysis elem oxide # cations # oxygen oxide oxide oxide
oxide wt % at wt at wt in oxide in oxide wt % wt %
Si 30.53 28.086 60.084 1.000 2.000 65.305 SiO2 63.903
Ti 47.900 79.899 1.000 2.000 0.000 TiO2 0.000
Al 1.76 26.982 101.961 2.000 3.000 3.331 Al2O3 3.260

Fe 9.18 55.847 71.846 1.000 1.000 11.811 FeO 11.558

Mn 54.938 70.937 1.000 1.000 0.000 MnO
Mg 12.33 24.305 40.304 1.000 1.000 20.438 MgO 19.999
Ca 0.94 40.080 56.079 1.000 1.000 1.308 CaO 1.280

Na 22.990 61.979 2.000 1.000 0.000 Na2O 0.000

K 39.098 94.196 2.000 1.000 0.000 K2O 0.000

total 54.73 102.194 100.000

ideal 100.000
pread sheet.
Recalculation of a feldspar anlaysis (all Fe as FeO) and solving for Fe+3

Sample calculation below is shown for a labradorite

Replace numbers in red with your analysis to normalize your sample.
Do not include a value for Fe2O3 (in blue) unless it was determined by analysis.
If you omit a value for Fe2O3, it will be calculated, if possible, from charge balance.

Analysis
analysis mole mole norm. norm. atom norm
oxide wt % cations oxygen cations oxygen units oxygen
SiO2 53.66 0.893 1.786 2.429 4.857 2.429 4.857
TiO2 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Al2O3 27.91 0.547 0.821 1.489 2.233 1.489 2.233
Cr2O3 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Fe2O3 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.028 0.042
FeO 0.74 0.010 0.010 0.028 0.028 0.000 0.000
MnO 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
MgO 0.64 0.016 0.016 0.043 0.043 0.043 0.043
CaO 12.13 0.216 0.216 0.588 0.588 0.588 0.588
BaO 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Na2O 4.76 0.154 0.077 0.418 0.209 0.418 0.209
K2O 0.10 0.002 0.001 0.006 0.003 0.006 0.003

total 99.94 1.839 2.928 5.000 7.961 5.000 7.975

ideal 5.000 8.000

calculated charge 5.855 -5.855 15.92 -15.922 15.950 -15.950

Results of normalization are given in the box, below. If some Fe was calculated to
be Fe3+, the total for the analysis will inrease.

Normalized Analysis
end mole
oxide wt % cations atoms member %
SiO2 53.66 Si 2.429 An 58.14149
TiO2 0.00 Ti 0.000 Ab 41.28778
Al2O3 27.91 Al 1.489 Or 0.570724
Cr2O3 0.00 Cr 0.000
Fe2O3 0.79 Fe3 0.028 *based on Ca,
FeO 0.00 Fe2 0.000 Na, K ratios only
MnO 0.00 Mn 0.000
MgO 0.64 Mg 0.043 Si+Ti+Al+Fe3 3.945
CaO 12.13 Ca 0.588 ideal = 4.000
BaO 0.00 Ba 0.000
Na2O 4.76 Na 0.418 Ca+Na+K= 1.012
K2O 0.10 K 0.006 ideal = 1.000
tot. cat. 5.000 Note: difficiency of tetrahedral cations
total 99.99 tot. oxy. 7.975
Recalculation of a pyroxene anlaysis (all Fe as FeO) and solving for Fe+3

Sample calculation below is shown for a clinopyroxene from a lherzolite.

Replace numbers in red with your analysis to normalize your sample.
Do not include a value for Fe2O3 unless it was determined by analysis.
If you omit a value for Fe2O3, it will be calculated, if possible, from charge balance.

Analysis
analysis mole mole norm. norm. atom norm
oxide wt % cations oxygen cations oxygen units oxygen
SiO2 63.338 1.054 2.108 2.338 4.675 2.338 4.675
TiO2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Al2O3 3.231 0.063 0.095 0.141 0.211 0.141 0.211
Cr2O3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Fe2O3 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
FeO 12.339 0.172 0.172 0.381 0.381 0.381 0.381
MnO 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
MgO 19.823 0.492 0.492 1.091 1.091 1.091 1.091
CaO 1.269 0.023 0.023 0.050 0.050 0.050 0.050
Na2O 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.000
total 0.000 1.804 2.890 4.000 6.408 4.000 6.408
ideal 4.000 6.000
Note: too much cation charge
calculated charge 5.779 -5.779 12.816 -12.816 12.816 -12.816

Results of normalization are given in the box, below. If some Fe was calculated to
be Fe3+, the total for the analysis will inrease.
End member %s are based on Ca, Mg, Fe-total ratios only.

Normalized Analysis

oxide wt % cations atoms

SiO2 63.34 Si 2.338
TiO2 0.00 Ti 0.000
Al2O3 3.23 Al 0.141
Cr2O3 0.00 Cr 0.000
Fe2O3 0.00 Fe3 0.000
FeO 12.34 Fe2 0.381
MnO 0.00 Mn 0.000
MgO 19.82 Mg 1.091
CaO 1.27 Ca 0.050
Na2O 0.00 Na 0.000
tot. cat. 4.000
total 100.00 tot. oxy. 6.408

Si, Al assigned to tetrahedral (T) site.

Ca,Na,Mn,Fe2+,Mg assigned to M2 octahedral site.
Fe3+,Ti,Al,Fe2+, Mg assigned to M1 octahedral site,
(Fe2+/Mg) assumed the same in M1 and M2
Site Occupancies & End Members
end
M2 (VI) M1 (VI) T (IV) member* %
Si 2.338 XWo = Ca/Ca+Mg+FeT 3.30
Ti 0.000 XEn = Mg/Ca+Mg+FeT 71.67
Al 0.141 0.000 XFs = FeT/Ca+Mg+FeT 25.03
Cr 0.000 total 100.00
Fe3 0.000
Fe2 0.246 0.135 FeT/FeT+Mg 0.26
Mn 0.000 Fe2/Fe2+Mg 0.26
Mg 0.704 0.387
Ca 0.050
Na 0.000

sum 1.000 0.662 2.338 Note: deficiency of octahedral cations

ideal 1.000 1.000 2.000 Note: excess tetrahedral cations
Recalculation of a garnet anlaysis (all Fe as FeO) and solving for Fe+3

Sample calculation below is shown for a garnet from an Napak, Uganda

Replace numbers in red with your analysis to normalize your sample.
Do not include a value for Fe2O3 (in blue) unless it was determined by analysis.
If you omit a value for Fe2O3, it will be calculated, if possible, from charge balance.

Analysis
analysis mole mole norm. norm. atom norm
oxide wt % cations oxygen cations oxygen units oxygen
SiO2 37.39 0.622 1.245 2.996 5.992 2.996 5.992
TiO2 0.28 0.004 0.007 0.017 0.034 0.017 0.034
Al2O3 10.08 0.198 0.297 0.952 1.428 0.952 1.428
Cr2O3 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Fe2O3 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.022 1.533
FeO 19.35 0.269 0.269 1.297 1.297 0.274 0.274
MnO 0.14 0.002 0.002 0.010 0.010 0.010 0.010
MgO 1.55 0.038 0.038 0.185 0.185 0.185 0.185
CaO 29.63 0.528 0.528 2.544 2.544 2.544 2.544

total 98.42 1.662 2.386 8.000 11.489 8.000 12.000

ideal 8.000 12.000

calculated charge 4.773 -4.773 22.978 -22.978 24.000 -24.000

Results of normalization are given in the box, below. If some Fe was calculated to
be Fe3+, the total for the analysis will inrease.

Normalized Analysis

oxide wt % cations atoms

SiO2 37.39 Si 2.996
TiO2 0.28 Ti 0.017
Al2O3 10.08 Al 0.952
Cr2O3 0.00 Cr 0.000
Fe2O3 16.95 Fe3 1.022
FeO 4.10 Fe2 0.274
MnO 0.14 Mn 0.010
MgO 1.55 Mg 0.185
CaO 29.63 Ca 2.544
X(Fe)
tot. cat. 8.000 FeT/FeT+Mg 0.88
total 100.12 tot. oxy. 12.000 Fe2/Fe2+Mg 0.60

Site Occupancies & End Members end mol % mol % mol %

cubic octahedral tetrahedral member with cation ratio cation ratio
8-fold 6-fold 4-fold Fe3+, etc. total Fe Fe2+
Si 2.996 almandine 9.11 32.13 9.11
Ti 0.017 pyrope 6.15 4.59 6.15
Al 0.952 grossular 40.37 63.04 84.43
Cr 0.000 spessartine 0.32 0.24 0.32
Fe3 1.022 uvarovite 0.00
Fe2 0.274 andradite 43.35
Mn 0.010 Ca-Ti Gt 0.72
Mg 0.185 total 100.00 100.00 100.00
Ca 2.544

total 3.013 1.991 2.996

ideal 3.000 2.000 3.000
Recalculation of an olivine anlaysis (all Fe as FeO) and solving for Fe+3

Sample calculation below is shown for an olivine from a lherzolite.

Replace numbers in red with your analysis to normalize your sample.
Do not include a value for Fe2O3 (in blue) unless it was determined by analysis.
If you omit a value for Fe2O3, it will be calculated, if possible, from charge balance.

Analysis
analysis mole mole norm. norm. atom norm
oxide wt % cations oxygen cations oxygen units oxygen
SiO2 38.48 0.640 1.281 0.988 1.977 0.988 1.977
TiO2 0.01 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Al2O3 0.13 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.004 0.006
Cr2O3 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Fe2O3 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.019 0.028
FeO 20.99 0.292 0.292 0.451 0.451 0.432 0.432
MnO 0.33 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.007 0.007 0.007
MgO 40.45 1.004 1.004 1.549 1.549 1.549 1.549
CaO 0.02 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001

total 100.41 1.944 2.586 3.000 3.991 3.000 4.000

ideal 3.000 4.000

calculated charge 5.171 -5.171 7.981 -7.981 8.000 -8.000

Results of normalization are given in the box, below. If some Fe was calculated to
be Fe3+, the total for the analysis will inrease.
End member %s are based on Mn (Te), Mg (Fo), Fe-total (Fa), and Ca ratios only.

Normalized Analysis
end mole
oxide wt % cations atoms member %*
SiO2 38.48 Si 0.988 Te 0.36
TiO2 0.01 Ti 0.000 Fo 77.16
Al2O3 0.13 Al 0.004 Fa 22.46
Cr2O3 0.00 Cr 0.000 Ca-Ol 0.03
Fe2O3 0.98 Fe3 0.019
FeO 20.11 Fe2 0.432 sum 100.00
MnO 0.33 Mn 0.007
MgO 40.45 Mg 1.549
CaO 0.02 Ca 0.001
tot. cat. 3.000
total 100.51 tot. oxy. 4.000
Recalculation of a spinel anlaysis (all Fe as FeO) and solving for Fe+3

Sample calculation below is shown for a spinel from the Adirondacks.

Replace numbers in red with your analysis to normalize your sample.
Do not include a value for Fe2O3 (in blue) unless it was determined by analysis.
If you omit a value for Fe2O3, it will be calculated, if possible, from charge balance.

Analysis
analysis mole mole norm. norm. atom norm
oxide wt % cations oxygen cations oxygen units oxygen
SiO2 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
TiO2 0.13 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.005 0.002 0.005
Al2O3 65.40 1.283 1.924 1.921 2.882 1.921 2.882
Cr2O3 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Fe2O3 0.00 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.074 0.111
FeO 11.92 0.166 0.166 0.248 0.248 0.174 0.174
MnO 0.10 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
MgO 22.23 0.552 0.552 0.826 0.826 0.826 0.826

total 99.78 2.003 2.646 3.000 3.963 3.000 4.000

desired 3.000 4.000

calculated charge 5.293 -5.293 7.926 -7.926 8.000 -8.000

Results of normalization are given in the box, below. Because some Fe was calculated to
be Fe3+, the total for the analysis increased.

Normalized Analysis

oxide wt % cations atoms

SiO2 0.00 Si 0.000
TiO2 0.13 Ti 0.002
Al2O3 65.40 Al 1.921
Cr2O3 0.00 Cr 0.000
Fe2O3 3.95 Fe3 0.074
FeO 8.37 Fe2 0.174
MnO 0.10 Mn 0.002
MgO 22.23 Mg 0.826
tot. cat. 3.000
total 100.18 tot. oxy. 4.000
oxide MolWt cation #cations #oxygen cation wt
SiO2 60.0843 Si 1 2 28.0855
TiO2 79.8988 Ti 1 2 47.9
Al2O3 101.9613 Al 2 3 26.98154
Fe2O3 159.6922 Fe3 2 3 55.847
Cr2O3 151.9902 Cr 2 3 51.996
FeO 71.8464 Fe2 1 1 55.847
MnO 70.9374 Mn 1 1 54.938
MgO 40.3044 Mg 1 1 24.305
CaO 56.0794 Ca 1 1 40.08
BaO 153.3294 Ba 1 1 137.77
Na2O 61.97894 Na 2 1 22.98977
K2O 94.196 K 2 1 39.0983