5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

FiveYearPlansofIndia
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Since1947,theIndianeconomyhasbeenpremisedontheconceptofplanning.Thishasbeencarried
throughtheFiveYearPlans,developed,executed,andmonitoredbythePlanningCommission(NITI
Aayogafter2014).WiththePrimeMinisterastheexofficioChairman,thecommissionhasanominated
DeputyChairman,whoholdstherankofaCabinetMinister.MontekSinghAhluwaliaisthelastDeputy
ChairmanoftheCommission(resignedon26May2014).TheEleventhPlancompleteditsterminMarch
2012andtheTwelfthPlaniscurrentlyunderway.[1]PriortotheFourthPlan,theallocationofstateresources
wasbasedonschematicpatternsratherthanatransparentandobjectivemechanism,whichledtothe
adoptionoftheGadgilformulain1969.Revisedversionsoftheformulahavebeenusedsincethento
determinetheallocationofcentralassistanceforstateplans.[2]ThenewgovernmentledbyNarendraModi,
electedin2014,hasannouncedthedissolutionofthePlanningCommission,anditsreplacementbyathink
tankcalledtheNITIAayog(anacronymforNationalInstitutionforTransformingIndia).

Contents
1 History
2 FirstPlan(19511956)
3 SecondPlan(19561961)
4 ThirdPlan(19611966)
5 FourthPlan(19691974)
6 FifthPlan(19741979)
7 RollingPlan(19781980)
8 SixthPlan(19801985)
9 SeventhPlan(19851990)
10 AnnualPlans(19901992)
11 EighthPlan(19921997)
12 NinthPlan(19972002)
13 TenthPlan(20022007)
14 EleventhPlan(20072012)
15 TwelfthPlan(20122017)
16 Seealso
17 References
18 Externallinks

History
FiveYearPlans(FYPs)arecentralizedandintegratednationaleconomicprograms.JosephStalin
implementedthefirstFYPintheSovietUnioninthelate1920s.Mostcommuniststatesandseveral
capitalistcountriessubsequentlyhaveadoptedthem.ChinaandIndiabothcontinuetouseFYPs,although
ChinarenameditsEleventhFYP,from2006to2010,aguideline(guihua),ratherthanaplan(jihua),to
signifythecentralgovernmentsmorehandsoffapproachtodevelopment.IndialauncheditsFirstFYPin
1951,immediatelyafterindependenceundersocialistinfluenceoffirstPrimeMinisterJawaharlalNehru.[3]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 1/10
5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

TheFirstFiveYearPlanwasoneofthemostimportantbecauseithadagreatroleinthelaunchingofIndian
developmentaftertheIndependence.Thus,itstronglysupportedagricultureproductionanditalsolaunched
theindustrializationofthecountry(butlessthantheSecondPlan,whichfocusedonheavyindustries).It
builtaparticularsystemofmixedeconomy,withagreatroleforthepublicsector(withanemergingwelfare
state),aswellasagrowingprivatesector(representedbysomepersonalitiesasthosewhopublishedthe
BombayPlan).

FirstPlan(19511956)
ThefirstIndianPrimeMinister,JawaharlalNehrupresentedtheFirstFiveYearPlantotheParliamentof
Indiaandneededurgentattention.TheFirstFiveyearPlanwaslaunchedin1951whichmainlyfocusedin
developmentoftheprimarysector.TheFirstFiveYearPlanwasbasedontheHarrodDomarmodelwith
fewmodifications.

ThetotalplannedbudgetofRs.2069crore(2378crorelater)wasallocatedtosevenbroadareas:irrigation
andenergy(27.2%),agricultureandcommunitydevelopment(17.4%),transportandcommunications
(24%),industry(8.4%),socialservices(16.64%),landrehabilitation(4.1%),andforothersectorsand
services(2.5%).Themostimportantfeatureofthisphasewasactiveroleofstateinalleconomicsectors.
Sucharolewasjustifiedatthattimebecauseimmediatelyafterindependence,Indiawasfacingbasic
problemsdeficiencyofcapitalandlowcapacitytosave.

Thetargetgrowthratewas2.1%annualgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)growththeachievedgrowthrate
was3.6%thenetdomesticproductwentupby15%.Themonsoonwasgoodandtherewererelativelyhigh
cropyields,boostingexchangereservesandthepercapitaincome,whichincreasedby8%.Nationalincome
increasedmorethanthepercapitaincomeduetorapidpopulationgrowth.Manyirrigationprojectswere
initiatedduringthisperiod,includingtheBhakra,HirakudandDamodarValleydams.TheWorldHealth
Organization(WHO),withtheIndiangovernment,addressedchildren'shealthandreducedinfantmortality,
indirectlycontributingtopopulationgrowth.

Attheendoftheplanperiodin1956,fiveIndianInstitutesofTechnology(IITs)werestartedasmajor
technicalinstitutions.TheUniversityGrantsCommission(UGC)wassetuptotakecareoffundingandtake
measurestostrengthenthehighereducationinthecountry.Contractsweresignedtostartfivesteelplants,
whichcameintoexistenceinthemiddleoftheSecondFiveYearPlan.Theplanwasquasisuccessfulfor
thegovernment.

SecondPlan(19561961)
TheSecondPlanwasparticularlyinthedevelopmentofthepublicsector.Theplanfollowedthe
Mahalanobismodel,aneconomicdevelopmentmodeldevelopedbytheIndianstatisticianPrasantaChandra
Mahalanobisin1953.Theplanattemptedtodeterminetheoptimalallocationofinvestmentbetween
productivesectorsinordertomaximiselongruneconomicgrowth.Itusedtheprevalentstateofart
techniquesofoperationsresearchandoptimizationaswellasthenovelapplicationsofstatisticalmodels
developedattheIndianStatisticalInstitute.Theplanassumedaclosedeconomyinwhichthemaintrading
activitywouldbecentredonimportingcapitalgoods.[4][5]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 2/10
5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

HydroelectricpowerprojectsandfivesteelplantsatBhilai,Durgapur,andRourkelawereestablishedwith
thehelpofRussia,Britain(theU.K)andGermanyrespectively.Coalproductionwasincreased.More
railwaylineswereaddedinthenortheast.

TheTataInstituteofFundamentalResearchwasestablishedasaresearchinstitute.In1957atalentsearch
andscholarshipprogramwasbeguntofindtalentedyoungstudentstotrainforworkinnuclearpower.

ThetotalamountallocatedundertheSecondFiveYearPlaninIndiawasRs.48billion.Thisamountwas
allocatedamongvarioussectors:powerandirrigation,socialservices,communicationsandtransport,and
miscellaneous.

Thetargetgrowthratewas4.5%andtheactualgrowthratewas4.27%.[6]1956industrialpolicy.

ThirdPlan(19611966)
TheThirdFiveyearPlanstressedagricultureandimprovementintheproductionofwheat,butthebrief
SinoIndianWarof1962exposedweaknessesintheeconomyandshiftedthefocustowardsthedefence
industryandtheIndianArmy.In19651966,IndiafoughtaWarwithPakistan.Therewasalsoasevere
droughtin1965.Thewarledtoinflationandtheprioritywasshiftedtopricestabilisation.Theconstruction
ofdamscontinued.Manycementandfertilizerplantswerealsobuilt.Punjabbeganproducinganabundance
ofwheat.

Manyprimaryschoolswerestartedinruralareas.Inanefforttobringdemocracytothegrassrootlevel,
Panchayatelectionswerestartedandthestatesweregivenmoredevelopmentresponsibilities.

Stateelectricityboardsandstatesecondaryeducationboardswereformed.Statesweremaderesponsiblefor
secondaryandhighereducation.Stateroadtransportationcorporationswereformedandlocalroadbuilding
becameastateresponsibility.

Thetargetgrowthratewas5.6%,buttheactualgrowthratewas2.4%.[6]

DuetomiserablefailureoftheThirdPlanthegovernmentwasforcedtodeclare"planholidays"(from
196667,196768,and196869).Threeannualplansweredrawnduringthisinterveningperiod.During
196667therewasagaintheproblemofdrought.Equalprioritywasgiventoagriculture,itsalliedactivities,
andindustrialsector.Themainreasonsforplanholidayswerethewar,lackofresources,andincreasein
inflation.

FourthPlan(19691974)
AtthistimeIndiraGandhiwasthePrimeMinister.TheIndiraGandhigovernmentnationalised14major
IndianbanksandtheGreenRevolutioninIndiaadvancedagriculture.Inaddition,thesituationinEast
Pakistan(nowBangladesh)wasbecomingdireastheIndoPakistanWarof1971andBangladeshLiberation
Wartookfundsearmarkedforindustrialdevelopment.IndiaalsoperformedtheSmilingBuddha
undergroundnucleartestin1974,partiallyinresponsetotheUnitedStatesdeploymentoftheSeventhFleet
intheBayofBengal.ThefleethadbeendeployedtowarnIndiaagainstattackingWestPakistanand
extendingthewar.

Thetargetgrowthratewas5.6%,buttheactualgrowthratewas3.3%.[6]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 3/10
5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

FifthPlan(19741979)
TheFifthFiveYearPlanlaidstressonemployment,povertyalleviation(GaribiHatao),andjustice.The
planalsofocusedonselfrelianceinagriculturalproductionanddefence.In1978thenewlyelectedMorarji
Desaigovernmentrejectedtheplan.TheElectricitySupplyActwasamendedin1975,whichenabledthe
centralgovernmenttoenterintopowergenerationandtransmission.[7]

TheIndiannationalhighwaysystemwasintroducedandmanyroadswerewidenedtoaccommodatethe
increasingtraffic.Tourismalsoexpanded.Itwasfollowedfrom1974to1979.

Thetargetgrowthratewas4.4%andtheactualgrowthratewas5%.[6]

RollingPlan(19781980)
TheJanataPartygovernmentrejectedtheFifthFiveYearPlanandintroducedanewSixthFiveYearPlan
(19781980).ThisplanwasagainrejectedbytheIndianNationalCongressgovernmentin1980andanew
SixthPlanwasmade.TheRollingPlanconsistsofthreekindofplansthatwereproposed.TheFirstPlanis
forthepresentyearwhichcomprisestheannualbudgetandSecondisaplanforafixednumberofyears,
whichmaybe3,4or5years.PlannumbertwoiskeptchangingaspertherequirementsoftheIndian
economy.TheThirdPlanisaperspectiveplanwhichisforlongtermsi.e.for10,15or20years.Hence
thereisnofixationofdatesinforthecommencementandterminationoftheplanintherollingplans.The
mainadvantageoftherollingplansisthattheyareflexibleandareabletoovercometherigidityoffixed
fiveyearplansbymendingtargets,theobjectoftheexercise,projectionsandallocationsasperthechanging
conditionsinthecountryseconomy.Themaindisadvantageofthisplanisthatifthetargetsarerevised
eachyear,itbecomesverydifficulttoachievethemwhicharelaiddowninthefiveyearperiodanditturned
outtobeacomplexplan.Frequentrevisionsmakethemresultedininstabilityoftheeconomywhichare
essentialforitsbalanceddevelopmentandprogress.

SixthPlan(19801985)
TheSixthFiveYearPlanmarkedthebeginningofeconomicliberalisation.Pricecontrolswereeliminated
andrationshopswereclosed.Thisledtoanincreaseinfoodpricesandanincreaseinthecostofliving.
ThiswastheendofNehruviansocialism.TheNationalBankforAgricultureandRuralDevelopmentwas
establishedfordevelopmentofruralareason12July1982byrecommendationoftheShivaraman
Committee.Familyplanningwasalsoexpandedinordertopreventoverpopulation.IncontrasttoChina's
strictandbindingonechildpolicy,Indianpolicydidnotrelyonthethreatofforce.Moreprosperousareas
ofIndiaadoptedfamilyplanningmorerapidlythanlessprosperousareas,whichcontinuedtohaveahigh
birthrate.

TheSixthFiveYearPlanwasagreatsuccesstotheIndianeconomy.Thetargetgrowthratewas5.2%and
theactualgrowthratewas5.4%.[6]TheonlyFiveYearPlanwhichwasdonetwice.

SeventhPlan(19851990)
TheSeventhFiveYearPlanmarkedthecomebackoftheCongressPartytopower.Theplanlaidstresson
improvingtheproductivitylevelofindustriesbyupgradingoftechnology.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 4/10
5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

ThemainobjectivesoftheSeventhFiveYearPlanweretoestablishgrowthinareasofincreasingeconomic
productivity,productionoffoodgrains,andgeneratingemployment.

AsanoutcomeoftheSixthFiveYearPlan,therehadbeensteadygrowthinagriculture,controlsontherate
ofinflation,andfavourablebalanceofpaymentswhichhadprovidedastrongbasefortheSeventhFive
YearPlantobuildontheneedforfurthereconomicgrowth.TheSeventhPlanhadstrivedtowardssocialism
andenergyproductionatlarge.ThethrustareasoftheSeventhFiveYearPlanwere:socialjustice,removal
ofoppressionoftheweak,usingmoderntechnology,agriculturaldevelopment,antipovertyprogrammes,
fullsupplyoffood,clothing,andshelter,increasingproductivityofsmallandlargescalefarmers,and
makingIndiaanindependenteconomy.

Basedona15yearperiodofstrivingtowardssteadygrowth,theSeventhPlanwasfocusedonachievingthe
prerequisitesofselfsustaininggrowthbytheyear2000.Theplanexpectedthelabourforcetogrowby39
millionpeopleandemploymentwasexpectedtogrowattherateof4%peryear.

SomeoftheexpectedoutcomesoftheSeventhFiveYearPlanIndiaaregivenbelow:

Balanceofpayments(estimates):Export330billion(US$4.9billion),Imports()540billion
(US$8.0billion),TradeBalance()210billion(US$3.1billion)
Merchandiseexports(estimates):606.53billion(US$9.0billion)
Merchandiseimports(estimates):954.37billion(US$14.2billion)
Projectionsforbalanceofpayments:Export607billion(US$9.0billion),Imports()954billion
(US$14.2billion),TradeBalance()347billion(US$5.2billion)

UndertheSeventhFiveYearPlan,Indiastrovetobringaboutaselfsustainedeconomyinthecountrywith
valuablecontributionsfromvoluntaryagenciesandthegeneralpopulace.

Thetargetgrowthratewas5.0%andtheactualgrowthratewas6.01%.[8]

AnnualPlans(19901992)
TheEighthPlancouldnottakeoffin1990duetothefastchangingpoliticalsituationatthecentreandthe
years199091and199192weretreatedasAnnualPlans.TheEighthPlanwasfinally.formulatedforthe
period19921997

EighthPlan(19921997)
198991wasaperiodofeconomicinstabilityinIndiaandhencenofiveyearplanwasimplemented.
Between1990and1992,therewereonlyAnnualPlans.In1991,Indiafacedacrisisinforeignexchange
(forex)reserves,leftwithreservesofonlyaboutUS$1billion.Thus,underpressure,thecountrytookthe
riskofreformingthesocialisteconomy.P.V.NarasimhaRaowasthetenthPrimeMinisteroftheRepublicof
IndiaandheadofCongressParty,andledoneofthemostimportantadministrationsinIndia'smodern
history,overseeingamajoreconomictransformationandseveralincidentsaffectingnationalsecurity.At
thattimeDr.ManmohanSingh(laterPrimeMinisterofIndia)launchedIndia'sfreemarketreformsthat
broughtthenearlybankruptnationbackfromtheedge.Itwasthebeginningofliberalization,privatisation
andglobalization(LPG)inIndia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 5/10
5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

ModernizationofindustrieswasamajorhighlightoftheEighthPlan.Underthisplan,thegradualopening
oftheIndianeconomywasundertakentocorrecttheburgeoningdeficitandforeigndebt.Meanwhile,India
becameamemberoftheWorldTradeOrganizationon1January1995.Thisplancanbetermedas,theRao
andManmohanmodelofeconomicdevelopment.Themajorobjectivesincluded,controllingpopulation
growth,povertyreduction,employmentgeneration,strengtheningtheinfrastructure,institutionalbuilding,
tourismmanagement,humanresourcedevelopment,involvementofPanchayatirajs,NagarPalikas,NGOs,
decentralisationandpeople'sparticipation.

Energywasgivenprioritywith26.6%oftheoutlay.Anaverageannualgrowthrateof6.78%againstthe
target5.6%[6]wasachieved.

Toachievethetargetofanaverageof5.6%perannum,investmentof23.2%ofthegrossdomesticproduct
wasrequired.Theincrementalcapitalratiois4.1.Thesavingforinvestmentwastocomefromdomestic
sourcesandforeignsources,withtherateofdomesticsavingat21.6%ofgrossdomesticproductionandof
foreignsavingat1.6%ofgrossdomesticproduction.[9]

NinthPlan(19972002)
TheNinthFiveYearPlancameafter50yearsofIndianIndependence.AtalBihariVajpayeewasthePrime
MinisterofIndiaduringtheNinthFiveYearPlan.TheNinthFiveYearPlantriedprimarilytousethelatent
andunexploredeconomicpotentialofthecountrytopromoteeconomicandsocialgrowth.Itofferedstrong
supporttothesocialspheresofthecountryinanefforttoachievethecompleteeliminationofpoverty.The
satisfactoryimplementationoftheEighthFiveYearPlanalsoensuredthestates'abilitytoproceedonthe
pathoffasterdevelopment.TheNinthFiveYearPlanalsosawjointeffortsfromthepublicandtheprivate
sectorsinensuringeconomicdevelopmentofthecountry.Inaddition,theNinthFiveYearPlansaw
contributionstowardsdevelopmentfromthegeneralpublicaswellasgovernmentalagenciesinboththe
ruralandurbanareasofthecountry.NewimplementationmeasuresintheformofSpecialActionPlans
(SAPs)wereevolvedduringtheNinthFiveYearPlantofulfiltargetswithinthestipulatedtimewith
adequateresources.TheSAPscoveredtheareasofsocialinfrastructure,agriculture,informationtechnology
andWaterpolicy.

Budget

TheNinthFiveYearPlanhadatotalpublicsectorplanoutlayof8,59,200crores.TheNinthFiveYear
Planalsosawahikeof48%intermsofplanexpenditureand33%intermsoftheplanoutlayincomparison
tothatoftheEighthFiveYearPlan.Inthetotaloutlay,theshareofthecentrewasapproximately57%while
itwas43%forthestatesandtheunionterritories.

TheNinthFiveYearPlanfocusedontherelationshipbetweentherapideconomicgrowthandthequalityof
lifeforthepeopleofthecountry.Theprimefocusofthisplanwastoincreasegrowthinthecountrywithan
emphasisonsocialjusticeandequity.TheNinthFiveYearPlanplacedconsiderableimportanceon
combininggrowthorientedpolicieswiththemissionofachievingthedesiredobjectiveofimproving
policieswhichwouldworktowardstheimprovementofthepoorinthecountry.TheNinthFiveYearPlan
alsoaimedatcorrectingthehistoricalinequalitieswhichwerestillprevalentinthesociety.

Objectives

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 6/10
5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

ThemainobjectiveoftheNinthFiveYearPlanwastocorrecthistoricalinequalitiesandincreasethe
economicgrowthinthecountry.OtheraspectswhichconstitutedtheNinthFiveYearPlanwere:

Populationcontrol.
Generatingemploymentbygivingprioritytoagricultureandruraldevelopment.
Reductionofpoverty.
Ensuringproperavailabilityoffoodandwaterforthepoor.
Availabilityofprimaryhealthcarefacilitiesandotherbasicnecessities.
Primaryeducationtoallchildreninthecountry.
EmpoweringthesociallydisadvantagedclasseslikeScheduledcastes,Scheduledtribesandother
backwardclasses.
Developingselfrelianceintermsofagriculture.
Accelerationinthegrowthrateoftheeconomywiththehelpofstableprices.

Strategies

StructuraltransformationsanddevelopmentsintheIndianeconomy.
Newinitiativesandinitiationofcorrectivestepstomeetthechallengesintheeconomyofthecountry.
Efficientuseofscarceresourcestoensurerapidgrowth.
Combinationofpublicandprivatesupporttoincreaseemployment.
Enhancinghighratesofexporttoachieveselfreliance.
Providingserviceslikeelectricity,telecommunication,railwaysetc.
Specialplanstoempowerthesociallydisadvantagedclassesofthecountry.
InvolvementandparticipationofPanchayatiRajinstitutions/bodiesandNagarPalikasinthe
developmentprocess.

Performance

TheNinthFiveYearPlanachievedaGDPgrowthrateof5.4%againstatargetof6.5%
Theagricultureindustrygrewatarateof2.1%againstthetargetof4.2%
Theindustrialgrowthinthecountrywas4.5%whichwashigherthanthatofthetargetof3%
Theserviceindustryhadagrowthrateof7.8%.
Anaverageannualgrowthrateof6.7%wasreached.

TheNinthFiveYearPlanlooksthroughthepastweaknessesinordertoframethenewmeasuresforthe
overallsocioeconomicdevelopmentofthecountry.However,forawellplannedeconomyofanycountry,
thereshouldbeacombinedparticipationofthegovernmentalagenciesalongwiththegeneralpopulationof
thatnation.Acombinedeffortofpublic,private,andalllevelsofgovernmentisessentialforensuringthe
growthofIndia'seconomy.

Thetargetgrowthwas7.1%andtheactualgrowthwas6.8%.

TenthPlan(20022007)
ThemainobjectivesoftheTenthFiveYearPlanwere:

Attain8%GDPgrowthperyear.
Reductionofpovertyrateby5%by2007.
Providinggainfulandhighqualityemploymentatleasttotheadditiontothelabourforce.
Reductioningendergapsinliteracyandwageratesbyatleast50%by2007.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 7/10
5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

20pointprogramwasintroduced.
Targetgrowth:8.1%growthachieved:7.7%
Thetenthplanwasexpectedtofollowaregionalapproachratherthansectoralapproachtobring
downregionalinequalities.
Expenditureof43,825croresfortenthfiveyears

(Outoftotalplanoutlay921,291crore(57.9%)wasforcentralgovernmentand691,009crore(42.1%)
wasforstatesandunionterritories.)

EleventhPlan(20072012)
Rapidandinclusivegrowth.(Povertyreduction)
Emphasisonsocialsectoranddeliveryofservicetherein.
Empowermentthrougheducationandskilldevelopment.
Reductionofgenderinequality.
Environmentalsustainability.
Toincreasethegrowthrateinagriculture,industryandservicesto4%,10%and9%respectively.
ReduceTotalFertilityRateto2.1
Providecleandrinkingwaterforallby2009.
Increaseagriculturegrowthto4%.

TwelfthPlan(20122017)
TheTwelfthFiveYearPlanoftheGovernmentofIndiahasdecidedforthegrowthrateat8.2%butthe
NationalDevelopmentCouncil(NDC)on27Dec2012approved8%growthratefor12thfiveyearplan.[10]

Withthedeterioratingglobalsituation,theDeputyChairmanofthePlanningCommissionMrMontekSingh
Ahluwaliahassaidthatachievinganaveragegrowthrateof9percentinthenextfiveyearsisnotpossible.
TheFinalgrowthtargethasbeensetat8%bytheendorsementofplanattheNationalDevelopmentCouncil
meetingheldinNewDelhi.

"Itisnotpossibletothinkofanaverageof9%(in12thPlan).Ithinksomewherebetween8and8.5percent
isfeasible,MrAhluwaliasaidonthesidelinesofaconferenceofStatePlanningBoardsanddepartments.
Theapproachedpaperforthe12thPlan,approvedlastyear,talkedaboutanannualaveragegrowthrateof
9%.

WhenIsayfeasible...thatwillrequiremajoreffort.Ifyoudontdothat,thereisnoGodgivenrightto
growat8percent.Ithinkgiventhattheworldeconomydeterioratedverysharplyoverthelastyear...the
growthrateinthefirstyearofthe12thPlan(201213)is6.5to7percent.

HealsoindicatedthatsoonheshouldsharehisviewswithothermembersoftheCommissiontochoosea
finalnumber(economicgrowthtarget)toputbeforethecountrysNDCforitsapproval.

Thegovernmentintendstoreducepovertyby10%duringthe12thFiveYearPlan.MrAhluwaliasaid,We
aimtoreducepovertyestimatesby9%annuallyonasustainablebasisduringthePlanperiod.Earlier,
addressingaconferenceofStatePlanningBoardsandPlanningdepartments,hesaidtherateofdeclinein
povertydoubledduringthe11thPlan.Thecommissionhadsaid,whileusingtheTendulkarpovertyline,the
rateofreductioninthefiveyearsbetween200405and200910,wasabout1.5%pointseachyear,which

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 8/10
5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

wastwicethatwhencomparedtotheperiodbetween199395to200405.[11]Theplanaimstowardsthe
bettermentoftheinfrastructuralprojectsofthenationavoidingalltypesofbottlenecks.Thedocument
presentedbytheplanningcommissionisaimedtoattractprivateinvestmentsofuptoUS$1trillioninthe
infrastructuralgrowthinthe12thfiveyearplan,whichwillalsoensureareductioninsubsidyburdenofthe
governmentto1.5percentfrom2percentoftheGDP(grossdomesticproduct).TheUID(Unique
IdentificationNumber)willactasaplatformforcashtransferofthesubsidiesintheplan.

Seealso
FiveyearplansofChina
FiveYearPlansofRomania
FiveYearPlansfortheNationalEconomyoftheSovietUnion
Commonminimumprogramme

References
1.PlanningCommission,GovernmentofIndia:FiveYearPlans
(http://www.planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/welcome.html).Planningcommission.nic.in.
Retrievedon20120317.
2.PlanningCommission(24February1997)."ABackgroundNoteonGadgilFormulafordistributionofCentral
AssistanceforStatePlans"(PDF).Retrieved20100917.
3.SonyPellisseryandSamGeall"FiveYearPlans"inEncyclopediaofSustainability,Vol.7pp.156160
4.JalalAlamgir,India'sOpenEconomyPolicy:Globalism,Rivalry,Continuity(LondonandNewYork:Routledge
2008),Chapter2.
5.BaldevRajNayar,GlobalizationAndNationalism:TheChangingBalanceOfIndia'sEconomicPolicy,1950
2000(NewDelhi:Sage,2001)
6.L.N.Dash(2000).WorldbankandeconomicdevelopmentofIndia.APHPublishing.p.375.ISBN817648121
1.
7.http://www.powermin.nic.in/indian_electricity_scenario/pdf/Historical%20Back%20Ground.pdf
8.http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/9th/vol1/v1c21.htm
9.Agrawal,AN(1995).IndianEconomy:Problemsofdevelopmentandplanning.pune:WishwaPrakashan.p.676.
10."NationalDevelopmentCouncilapproves12thFiveYearPlan".IndianExpress.20121227.Retrieved
20130710.
11.[1](http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industryandeconomy/economy/article3609337.ece?ref=wl_industry
andeconomy)

14.Wikipedia\fiveyearplanofIndia

Externallinks
OfficialwebsiteofthePlanningCommissionofIndia(http://planningcommission.nic.in)

Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=FiveYear_Plans_of_India&oldid=717205335"

Categories: EconomicplanninginIndia EconomichistoryofIndia Fiveyearplans

FiveyearplansofIndia Nehruadministration

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 9/10
5/1/2016 FiveYearPlansofIndiaWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Thispagewaslastmodifiedon26April2016,at10:06.
TextisavailableundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionShareAlikeLicenseadditionaltermsmay
apply.Byusingthissite,youagreetotheTermsofUseandPrivacyPolicy.Wikipediaisa
registeredtrademarkoftheWikimediaFoundation,Inc.,anonprofitorganization.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FiveYear_Plans_of_India 10/10