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low-voltage
CONTROLS AND DISTRIBUTION
The full range of Ex applications under control:
ATEX (atmosphre explosive)
Introduction
2 Introduction
Index
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Physical principles and parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Classification of
explosion-protected equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Low-voltage product range for hazardous areas . 13
Further information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Introduction 3
Physical fundamentals and parameters
1. Combustible substance Primary explosion protection covers all measures that prevent
(in the relevant distribution and concentration) the formation of a potentially explosive atmosphere.
2. Oxygen (in the air) What protective measures can be taken to ensure that the risk
of an explosion will be minimized?
3. Source of ignition (e.g. electrical spark)
Avoidance of combustible substances
Inerting (addition of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc.)
Limiting of the concentration
Improved ventilation
Oxygen
Prevent the formation
1 of potentially
explosive atmospheres
EXPLOSION 2
Prevent the ignition
of potentially explosive
atmospheres
If the flash point of such a flammable liquid is significantly A potentially explosive atmosphere, even one of low volume,
above the maximum occurring temperatures, a potentially can result in hazardous explosions in an enclosed space.
explosive atmosphere cannot form there. However, the flash
point of a mixture of different liquids can also be lower than Substance Lower explosion Upper explosion
the flash point of the individual components. designation limit [Vol. %] limit [Vol. %]
Acetylene 2.3 78.0
In technical regulations, flammable liquids are divided into (self-decomposing)
four hazard classes: Ethylene 2.3 32.4
Petrol ~ 0.6 ~8
Hazard class Flash point Benzene 1.2 8
AI < 21 C Natural gas 4.0 (7.0) 13.0 (17.0)
AII 21 C to 55 C Heating oil/diesel ~ 0.6 ~ 6.5
Methane 4.4 16.5
AIII > 55 C to 100 C
Propane 1.7 10.9
B < 21 C, soluble in water at 15 C
Carbon bisulfide 0.6 60.0
Explosion limits City gas 4.0 (6.0) 30.0 (40.0)
Hydrogen 4.0 77.0
Combustible substances form a potentially explosive
Explosion limits of combustible substances
atmosphere when they are present within a certain range of
concentration.
G
Mixture too rich:
Only in the area between the upper and the lower explosion Mixture too lean: Area subject
Partial deflagration
No combustion to explosion
limit does the mixture react explosively if ignited. No explosion
Explosion limit
0 Vol.% Concentration of combustible substance 100 Vol.%
Dust
In industrial environments, e.g. in chemical factories or corn The danger of an explosion is prevented by using explosion-
mills, solids are frequently encountered in fine form e.g. as proof devices according to their suitability. The identification
dust. of the device category reflects the efficiency of explosion pro-
tection, and thus the application in corresponding hazardous
Dust is defined in EN 50281-1-21) as "small solid particles in
areas. The danger of explosive dust atmospheres and the
the atmosphere which are deposited because of their own
selection of appropriate protective measures are assessed
weight, but which still remain in the atmosphere for a period
using safety parameters for the involved substances. Dusts are
of time as a dust/air mixture". Deposits of dust are comparable
considered according to two substance-specific properties:
with a porous body, and have a hollow space of up to 90 %. If
the temperature of dust deposits is increased, the result may Conductivity
be spontaneous ignition of the combustible dust. Dusts are referred to as conductive if they have a specific
electric resistance up to 103 Ohmmeter.
If dust deposits with a small grain size are whirled up, there is
a danger of explosion. This increases as the size is reduced, Combustibility
since the surface area of the hollow space becomes larger. Combustible dusts can burn or glow in air, and form explo-
Dust explosions are frequently the result of whirled up glo- sive mixtures with air at atmospheric pressure and at
wing layers of dust which possess the basis for ignition. Explo- temperatures from 20 C to + 60 C.
sions of gas or vapor mixtures with air can whirl up dust where Safety parameters for whirled-up dusts are, for example, the
the gas explosion then merges into a dust explosion. In collie- minimum ignition energy and the ignition temperature,
ries, explosions of methane gas frequently lead to explosions whereas for deposited dusts, the glow temperature is a
of coal dust whose effect was often greater than that of the characteristic property.
gas explosion.
1)
Parallel to DIN 50281 there is already EN 61241-1.
Hot surfaces
Open flames
Electrostatic discharge
Identification
The identification of electrical equipment for hazardous
areas should permit recognition of:
The vendor of the equipment The type(s) of protection with which the equipment
complies,
A designation by which it can be identified
The testing agency which provided the test certificate, the
The area of use
standard (or its release version) with which the equipment
- Below ground I complies including the testing agencys registration
- Other areas II number of the certificate and, if necessary, any special
Gases and vapors - G -, dusts - D - or mines - M -, conditions which have to be observed.
The categories which indicate whether the device can be In addition, the data should be provided which are usually
used for particular zones, required for such a device of industrial design.
Example Meaning
> 0032 II 2D IP65 T 80C
Temperature range
Housing protection class
Ex protection zone
Named agency for certification of the QA system according to directive 94/9/EC
Conformity symbol
Example of identification according to directive 94/9/EC
Example Meaning
EXAMPLE COMPANY type 07-5103-.../... Identification of vendor and type
Manufactured according to EN 61241-.-.
Ex II 2D IP65 T 80C Protected by enclosure, IP65 degree of protection
Max. surface temperature + 80 C
IBExU 00 ATEX 1081 Consecutive number of testing agency
ATEX generation
Year of test
Symbol of testing agency
Example of a device identification
Many low-voltage controlgear and switching devices, e.g. These devices are labeled with the category of the equipment
overload relays and motor starter protectors are intended for to be protected. The category, however, is written in round
switching and controlling equipment in explosive atmo- brackets, e.g.: Ex II (2) GD
spheres while being positioned outside.
Types of protection
The protection types are design measures and electrical Electrical equipment for areas subject to explosion hazard
measures carried out on the equipment to achieve explosion must comply with the general requirements of EN 60079-0
protection in the areas subject to explosion hazard. and the specific requirements for the relevant type of protec-
tion in which the equipment is listed. However, the type of
Protection types are secondary explosion protection measu-
protection "Protection by housing" does not refer to
res. The scope of the secondary explosion protection measu-
EN 60079-0, but to EN 61241-0.
res depends on the probability of the occurrence of a hazar-
dous, potentially explosive atmosphere. The types of protection listed on the following pages are signi-
ficant in accordance with EN 60079-0. All types of protection
are based on different protection concepts.
Temperature classes
The ignition temperature of flammable gases or a flammable Flammable gases and vapors are assigned to the relevant tem-
liquid is the lowest temperature of a heated surface at which perature class according to ignition temperature.
the gas/air or vapor/air mixture ignites.
Temperature Maximum upper Ignition
Thus the highest surface temperature of any equipment must class surface tempera- temperatures of
always be less than the ignition temperature of the surroun- ture of the combustible
ding atmosphere. equipment substances
T1 450 C > 450 C
Temperature classes T1 to T6 have been introduced for electri-
T2 300 C > 300 C
cal equipment of Explosion Group II. Equipment is assigned to
T3 200 C > 200 C
each temperature class according to its maximum surface
T4 135 C > 135 C
temperature.
T5 100 C > 100 C
Equipment that corresponds to a higher temperature class can T6 85 C > 85 C
also be used for applications with a lower temperature class.
Systems
AS-Interface consistent system, superior strategy
As a cost-effective and robust bus system at field level, AS-Interface connects
open and manufacturer-independent actuators and sensors to control for
standard as well as safety applications. A serial field bus connects all
automatization components easily, safely and consistently.
The ATEX-certified K60 compact modules make the application of AS-Interface possible
even in potentially explosive areas.
Digital I/O modules 3RK1 400-1DQ05-0AA3, K60 ATEX 2705 EN 60947-5-2, Ex II (3) D X
IP67 K60 3RK1 200-0CQ05-0AA3 EN 50281-1-1
You can find further information on this product in Catalog LV 1 and in Catalog Technical Information LV 1 T in chapter 2.
Protecting1)
SIRIUS motor starter protectors for motor protection
3RV motor starter protectors are compact, current limiting motor starter protectors. They
guarantee safe disconnection in the event of a short circuit and protect consumers and plants
from overload. Moreover, they are suitable for normal switching of loads with low switching
frequency as well as for the safe disconnection of the plant from the mains during maintenance
or changes. SIRIUS 3RV is the only universal product family on the market for motor starter pro-
tectors up to 100 A.
Motor starter protectors for 3RV10 11 S00 DMT 02 ATEX F 001, IEC 60947-4-1, Ex II (2) GD
motor protection DMT 02 ATEX F 001 N1 EN 60079-14
3RV10 21 S0
3RV10 31 S2
3RV10 41 S3
3RV10 42 S3
You can find further information on this product in Catalog LV 1 and in Catalog Technical Information LV 1 T in chapter 5.
1) Information for the implementation of current monitoring motor protection devices.
Definition of the locked-rotor time tE: if the rotor of an explosion-protected three-phase AC motor of protection type "Increased Safety" EEx e stalls (locks) at
operating temperature during runtime, the motor must be switched off, at the very latest, when either the rotor or the stator winding have reached their ma-
ximum temperature. The time that elapses until the rotor or stator winding has reached maximum temperature is called the locked-rotor time tE or tE time.
The demands made on overload protective devices with regard to tE time: for tripping devices and relays with inverse time-delay operation, tripping characteri-
stics must be available at the operating site. The characteristics should show the release time for 3-pole loading, assuming a cold state and a room temperature
of 20 C, depending on at least a 3 - 8-fold setting current. The protective devices must comply with the specified release times with a permissible deviation of
20 %. The tripping devices and relays for machines with cage rotors must be selected such that the release times for 3-pole loading do not exceed the locked-
rotor time tE specified on the type plate.
For information on the tripping characteristics of our circuit-breakers and overload relays, visit our web site at:
www.siemens.com/lowvoltage/manuals
3RB20, 3RB21
3RU11
For information on the tripping characteristics of our circuit-breakers and overload relays, visit our web site at:
www.siemens.com/lowvoltage/manuals
Starting
SIRIUS 3RW soft starters
Soft starters offer you a complete spectrum covering all standard and High-Feature
applications of motor starting. Thus the advantages of soft starting and smooth ramp-down
for simple and economical realization of optimal machine concepts are available today for the
most diverse applications.
Soft starters for standard 3RW40 S6, BVS 05 ATEX F 002 EN 60079-14, Ex II (2) GD
applications S10/ IEC 60947-4-2,
S12 IEC 61508
You can find further information on this product in Catalog LV 1 and in Catalog Technical Information LV 1 T in chapter 6.
For information on the tripping characteristics of our circuit-breakers and overload relays, visit our web site at:
www.siemens.com/lowvoltage/manuals
Detection
3SE2 position switches
Position switches are used wherever movable parts in plants and on machines have to be
positioned, controlled and monitored.
Whether for monitoring protection equipment with hinges or for monitoring laterally movable
protection equipment or for detecting dangerous movements of machine parts our devices
can meet practically all industrial requirements.
Actuating elements
Actuator 3SB30 .. Plastic or metal ATEX 2690b Simple electri- Application only in
3SB35 .. actuator cal apparatus in circuits of type of
compliance protection i
Contact block 3SB34 .. Spring-loaded with EN 50020, (Intrinsic safety)
terminals or screw IEC 60947-5-1 acc. to EN 50020
connection
Components for actuating elements
Lampholder 3SB34 ..-1A Spring-loaded ATEX 2689b Simple electri- Application only in
terminals or screw cal apparatus in circuits of type of
connection compliance protection i
with EN 50020, (Intrinsic safety)
LED 3SB39 01-1.A Rated voltage IEC 60947-5-1 acc. to EN 50020
24 V AC/DC, Application up to a
BA 9s base voltage of 26,4 V
(LEDs)
You can find further information on this product in Catalog LV 1 and in Catalog Technical Information LV 1 T in chapter 9.
Further information
Literature
European Parliament and Council Directive 94/9/EC of 23 March
1994 on the forthcoming legislation for Member States on protective
devices and systems for use in potentially explosive atmospheres
Official Journal of the European Communities, No. L 100/1
K. Nabert and G. Schn:
Sicherheitstechnische Kennzahlen brennbarer Gase und Dmpfe
(Safety characteristics of flammable gases and vapors)
Deutscher Eichverlag, Braunschweig
DIN VDE 0170/0171 Part 1 ff.
Subject to change without prior notice | Dispo 27602 | KB 0706 2. ROT 20 En / 603057 | Printed in Germany | Siemens AG 2006
Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive atmospheres
DIN VDE 0470 Part 1 (EN 60529)
IP degree of protection; protection of persons against access to
hazardous parts and of electrical equipment against ingress of
solid foreign objects and harmful quantities of water
DIN VDE 0165/02.91
Installation of electrical apparatus in potentially explosive areas
DIN EN 60079-14 VDE 0165 Part 1:2004-07
Electrical apparatus for potentially explosive gas atmospheres
Electrical installations in hazardous areas (other than mines)
VDE-Verlag GmbH, Berlin
www.siemens.com/lowvoltage