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i) Sodium Hydroxide
Common Synonyms Caustic soda, soda lye, soda ash, sodium hydrate,
ascarite, white caustic
Formula NaOH
Physical and Chemical Physical state and appearance: Solid (Deliquescent solid)
Properties Foam: White semi-transparent solid, often supplied as pellets
weighing about 0.1 g.
Odor: Odorless
Stability: Stable, but hygroscopic. Absorbs CO2 from the air.
Taste: Not available
Molecular Weight: 40 g/mole
Color : White
pH (1% soln/water) : 13.5 [Basic.]
Boiling Point : 1388oC (2530.4 oF )
Melting Point : 323 oC ( 613.4 oF )
Critical Temperature : Not applicable
Specific Gravity :2.13 (Water = 1)
Vapor Pressure : Not applicable
Vapor Density : Not available
Volatility : Not available
Water solubility: high ( dissolution is very exothermic)
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Warning : Solution is highly alkaline!!
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- Potential Health Effects
EYE: Contact with the eyes will cause marked eye irritation and
possibly severe corneal damage.
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immediately.
SKIN CONTACT:
In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water
for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and
shoes. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Cold water may
be used.Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes
before reuse. Get medical attention immediately.
INHALATION:
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial
respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical
attention immediately.
SERIOUS INHALATION:
Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen
tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If breathing
is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing,
perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It may be
hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious or
corrosive. Seek immediate medical attention.
INGESTION:
Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical
personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious
person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a
physician immediately. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie,
belt or waistband.
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EXPLOSION HAZARDS IN PRESENCE OF VARIOUS
SUBSTANCES:
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical
impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product in
presence of static discharge: Not available. Slightly explosive in
presence of heat.
LARGE SPILL:
Corrosive solid. Stop leak if without risk. Do not get water inside
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container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray to
reduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined
areas; dike if needed. Call for assistance on disposal. Neutralize
the residue with a dilute solution of acetic acid. Be careful that
the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV.
Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities.
STORAGE:
Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-
ventilated area. Hygroscopic. Deliquescent.
FIRE/EXPLOSION HAZARD:
Solutions may react with aluminium and other soft metals to
generate hydrogen which is flammable and/or explosive if
ignited. Suitable extinguishing agents: Carbon dioxide; fire-
extinguishing powder; dry sand; cement. Wear self-contained
breathing apparatus. Wear full protective suit.
HAZARDOUS REACTION
Heat generated upon dilution with water. Dilute only by adding
to water with agitation. Do not add water to sodium hydroxide
Safe Handling Always wear safety glasses. Do not allow solid or solution to
come into contact with your skin. When preparing solutions
swirl the liquid constantly to prevent "hot spots" developing.
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Disposal Small amounts of dilute sodium hydroxide can be flushed down a sink
with a large quantity of water, unless local rules prohibit this. Larger
amounts should be neutralised before disposal.