Week One:

Anthropology study of the human species and its immediate ancestors

Classified as holistic science study of whole human condition; past, present, future;
biology, society, language, and culture
Four fields of Anthropology:
1. Cultural study of human society, culture; use ethnology (cross-cultural
comparison) and ethnography (fieldwork in cultural setting)
2. Archaeological studies humans and cultural patterns through material remains
3. Biological (physical) human biological diversity in time and space; 5 special
interests: (a) human evolution by fossil record (paleoanthropology) (b) genetics
(c) human bio. plasticity (ability to adapt to stressors) (d) biology, evolution,
behavior of monkeys, apes, primates
4. Linguistic study of lang. and lang. diversity in time, space, society;
sociolinguistics relationship bt social and linguistic variation
Science wars 1990s intel. Exchanges about nature of science and intellectual inquiry;
polarized academia & discipline; attack on soft science;

Week Two:

Determining genetic similarity measuring substitutions occurring in genes that are

shared; method 1: comparing nucleotide sequences in organisms DNA; method 2:
comparing amino acid sequence in proteins
Punctuated equilibrium long periods of stability, with occasional evolutionary leaps
Ex. Sea species dies when shallow water dries, related species in deep water lives,
species extends range when sea rises back