NOTES ABOUT GRAMMAR

[SUBTTULO DEL INFORME]

Ethel Lpez | [Ttulo del curso] | [Fecha]

Contenido
CONJUNCTIONS AND PREPOSITIONS.....................................................................................................2

1) CONJUNCTIONS ................................................................................................................................2
b) Subordinate Conjunctions ..........................................................................................................2

c) Correlative Conjunctions ............................................................................................................ 3

2) PREPOSITIONS .................................................................................................................................. 3

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CONJUNCTIONS AND PREPOSITIONS1

Conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, or clauses and

Prepositions are those connecting words that show the relation of a noun
or pronoun to other words in a sentence.

1) CONJUNCTIONS - used in connecting words, phrases, or clauses:

a) Coordinate Conjunctions such as and and but are placed next to

the words and ideas they connect.

Examples:

He was strong in body and mind.

She was strong mentally but not physically.

B) SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS are used when one idea in a sentence

is dependent upon another idea. The subordinate conjunction is used to
connect the dependent with the main thought.

Examples:

to indicate concession (i.e. although, even if, though)

Though some of the volunteers never showed, we still packed a great

number of boxes.

to show cause (i.e. now that, because, as, since)

He was terminated because of his excessive absenteeism.

to express a condition (i.e. if only, provided that, except that, unless)

The whole project will be delayed unless that shipment arrives today.

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 to indicate purpose (i.e. in order that, so that)

He called in a replacement so that she could go home and get some

rest.

to fix a time (i.e. as long as, ever since, until, after, when, now that,
before)

Ever since we installed that new software, tracking our shipments is easier.

C) CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONS

are those used in pairs (i.e. neither/nor, either/or, not only/but also) and
should be placed next to the words they connect.

Examples:

Either we meet the budget or downsizing will be the alternative.

She is respected by neither her clients nor her colleagues.

They not only finished the project on time but also came in below
budget.

2) PREPOSITIONS are used to show the relation of a noun or pronoun to

another word in the sentence:

Examples:

The defendant was shocked by the verdict from the jury.

(preposition by shows the relation of the noun verdict to the verb

shocked.

Care must be taken with the use of prepositions. Often there is confusion
using the following prepositions:

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 at, with

My colleagues were angry with me. (not at me)

He was angry at the decisions being made. (not with the decisions)

The contractor was impatient at the delays. (not with the delays)

She was impatient with her children. (not at her children)

among, between

The proceeds were divided among the team members. (not between
the team

members)

The proceeds were divided between the two participants. (not among
the two

participants)

in, into

Tommy ran in the gym. (within its walls)

Tommy ran into the gym. (entered the gym)

agreed to, on, with

He agreed to the terms of the contract. (not agreed with the terms)

The board members agreed on implementing a hiring freeze. (not

agreed with implementing)

She agreed with Tom to share in the responsibilities.

SEA - Supporting English Acquisition

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http://www.rit.edu/ntid/rate/sea/processes/phrasal/grammatical/synony
ms

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