TEACHER & STUDENT

Year METHOD LEARNING TEORY LANGUAGE TEORY ROLE TECHNIQUE

Deductive, Accuracy Translate language to Teacher centred Reading
1800 Grammar Translation Metho understand lit and writing Teacher authority comprehension
Passive receiver memorization
Inductive, Discovery and Language for oral use Teacher partner and Reading aloud
1900 Direct Method Fluency No L1 L2 important guide. Active Role play
Participation
Based on behaviourism Based descriptive linguistic Teacher model, Dialogue memorization
1945 Audio Lingual Method for habit formation for oral communication controller Chain
Student : immitator Repetition
Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive coding, colour Teacher: silent Word chart
1950 Silent Way Inductive learning rods. L1 as explanation Facilitator Self correction gesture
Student student
learning
Cognitive and effective Language for communication Teacher : Counsellor Reflection on
1960 Community Language for successful non Creative thinking Students : Depending experience,
learning defensive performance Sharing culture, L1 can be on the teacher. Small group task
use
Classroom setting and Communication is a two Teacher : Authority
1970 Suggestopedia extrasensory plane process Students : Play child Classroom set up
role trusting the Positive suggestion
teacher.
Inate bio program for Lang primary oral Teacher: Director of Role reversal action
1970 Total Physical Response lang leaning via physical Use command students behaviour
movement L1 used at beginning Reverse role later
Response from insight & The concept behind lang -> Teacher : supplies Role play
1970 Cognitive Approach intentional patterning grammar. Lang as an learners with examples, Exchange of
operation -> communicative meaningful and information
function meaningless pattern
drill. Students
experience production
from their previous
 schemata

1980 Communicative Approach Real communication Language is the Teacher: Facilitator Language games
promote learning development of Students : Scramble sentences
communicative competence communicator
( the meaning of function)

1985 Humanistic Approach Healthy mental attitude is Language taught through Teacher : Fasilitator Cooperative teachers
dependent on taking teaching skills and flexibility Students : Involved in studets,
personal responsibility social affective learning Mime
activities

1987 Task Based Language Lerning Use of authentic language Segment the target language Teacher : Observer or Collaborative work
and meaningful task using into this discrete linguistic counsellor Exchange of ideas
L2 (lexical, point of grammar ) Students : motivate in Meaningful
L2 Task communication