Synchronous Ethernet

Introduction
Ethernet is the ubiquitous communication platform in the home and enterprise networks. The simplicity, performance and
cost eectiveness has made Ethernet technology a choice for transport networks as well. There are challenges in Ethernet
technology to be adapted for carrier class high reliable managed networks. The inherently asynchronous Ethernet has another
primary challenge of carrying time sensitive trac like real time voice or video.
Rakons Pluto+ and Low Noise TCXO, MercuryTM and conventional OCXO series are well qualied for Synchronous Ethernet.
They support ITU-T G.8262 standards.

Asynchronous to Synchronous
Traditionally Ethernet nodes were running asynchronously
to each other, with a dened +/-100ppm accuracy of the
nominal frequency. Most of the trac carried over Ethernet
are asynchronous and are bursty in nature. Synchronization in
its strict sense was not required because of the nature of the
trac going through. The transceiver buers used to take care
of the unexpected variations in the data ow. Moreover, on
protocol layer, the triggers from hardware sent software control
messages to Pause and Flow Control Ethernet frames.
As Ethernet started to carry real time voice and video, the
trac patterns changed. Such services demanded Constant Bit
Rate or Variable bit Rate but contiguous nature of trac which
demanded all nodes in a network from source to destination to
have same average frequency. The timing and synchronization
techniques that were applied to the traditional circuit switched
networks became relevant to the Ethernet networks as well.
The networks equipment based on Ethernet networks that
supports synchronous timing are described as Synchronous
Ethernet (SyncE) networks.

Synchronized Clocks on Physical Layer

Ethernet Physical Layer Devices (PHY) convert the transmit
logical signals to line-coded with embedded local clock and
format them as balanced signals for transmission over copper
or bre cables for the transmit portion.
On the receive side the clock data recovery mechanism of
the PHYs recovers the signals, decode and convert them to
logical levels. The extracted clock from the PHY is cleaned up
to generate the system clocks and is propagated downstream
on a network

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 Synchronous Ethernet

Synchronous Ethernet Requirement

Requirement for low jitter clocks driving the PHYs is Key Stratum 3/3E EEC Option 1 EEC Option 2
extremely important as the G.8262 requirements for Parameters
output jitter is on system output and not on the PLL
Freerun 4.6 ppm 4.6 ppm 4.6 ppm
outputs.
Wander / Filtering <10 Hz 1 ~ 10 Hz 0.1 Hz
The PLL outputs may still go through frequency multipliers, Initial 50 ppm
PHYs, electrical to optical converters before reaching the Holdover
physical line interface. Rakon G.8262 compliant oscillators Stability 2 ppm over -40 to 85C
provide industrys one of the lowest phase noise and RMS
Aging 100 ppb per 24 hours
jitter in the 12kHz-20MHz range.

Rakon Oscillator Solutions

Rakon provides G.8262 compliant TCXOs for Synchronous Pluto TCXO -40/85C (10C/hour) 10 mHz loop lter
Ethernet applications. A series of qualied ultra-stable TCXO
Maximum Time Interval Error, Sec

for G.8262 after extensive time domain performance analysis

of the clocks at various frequencies. Pluto+ TCXO meet all such
requirement. MercuryTM and ROX OCXO outperformance by a G.8262 OP1 MTIE
mile. G.8262 / Y.1362
Pluto+ TCXO: The RPT7050 is based on the world famous Pluto
ASIC, but with better functionality, better frequency versus
temperature performance and best in class phase noise,
Pluto+ is the class leader in ultra-stable TCXOs. This single chip
oscillator with its analogue compensation circuit is capable of
sub 0.1 ppm performance over an extended temperature range.

Averaging Time, t, Seconds

Rakon Oscillator for Synchronous Ethernet

Oscillators Frequency Stability Temperature Holdover Hierarchy

ROX T3 / T4 OCXO 5 ~ 40 MHz 5 ~ 10 ppb -20 to 70C 15 ~ 50 s Stratum 3E

Mercury OCXO 5 ~ 50 MHz 10 ~ 20 ppb -40 to 85C 100 s Stratum 3E / 3

USTCXO 5 ~ 52 MHz 10 ~ 20 ppb -40 ~ 85C 1000 s Stratum 3

HSTCXO 10 ~ 52 MHz, 0.5 ~ 5 ppm over -40 ~ 85C and in 3.2x2.5/2.5x2.0/2.0x1.6mm

VCXO M, P series 10 ~ 460 MHz, high frequency and low Phase noise, CMOS/PECL/LVDS in 7x5, 5x3.2 and 2.5 x 2.0mm

XO M, P, S series 10 ~ 460 MHz, high frequency and low Jitter, CMOS/PECL/LVDS in 7x5 and 2.5x2.0mm

www.rakon.com
Rakon Limited Rakon Europe Limited Rakon Taiwan Rakon Limited Shenzhen Rakon America LLC
(Corporate Head Ofce) (Europe, Middle East, Africa) Representative Ofce (Asia) Representative Ofce (China) (Americas)
Phone: +64 (9) 573 5554 Phone: +44 (1522) 883500 Phone: +886 (2) 2759 0259 Phone: +86 (755) 8283 5991 Phone: +1 (847) 930 5100
Fax: +64 (9) 573 5559 Fax: +44 (1522) 883524 Fax: +886 (2) 2759 2668 Fax: +86 (755) 8283 5990 Fax: +1 (847) 844 3236
Email: sales@rakon.com Email: info@rakon.com Email: sales@rakon.com Email: sales@rakon.com Email: sales@rakon.com