LIN D O C #: 1840

UC184xA/284xA/384xA
CURRENT MODE PWM CONTROLLER
T H E I N F I N I T E P O W E R O F I N N O VA T I O N P R O D U C T I O N D A T A S H E E T

DESCRIPTION K E Y F E AT U R E S

The UC184xA family of control ICs
provides all the necessary features to
implement off-line fixed-frequency,
current-mode switching power supplies
with a minimum of external compo-
nents. The current mode architecture
demonstrates improved load regulation,
pulse-by-pulse current limiting and
inherent protection of the power supply
output switch. The IC includes: A
bandgap reference trimmed to 1%
accuracy, an error amplifier, a current
sense comparator with internal clamp to
1V, a high current totem pole output
stage for fast switching of power
PRODUCT HIGHLIGHT
COMPARISON OF UC384 X A
UC384xA
SG384x
Min. Limit
TA=25C
MOSFET's, and an externally program-
mable oscillator to set frequency and
maximum duty cycle. The under-
voltage lock-out is designed to operate
with 250A typ. start-up current,
allowing an efficient bootstrap supply
voltage design. Available options for
this family of products, such as start-up
voltage hysteresis and duty cycle, are
summarized below in the Available
Options section. The UC184xA family
of control ICs is also available in 14-pin
SOIC package which makes the Power
Output Stage Collector and Ground pins
available.
VS . SG384 X D ISCHARGE C URRENT
SG384x
Max. Limit
DC-DC BUCK OR BOOST CONVERTERS.
LOW START-UP CURRENT. (0.5mA max.)
TRIMMED OSCILLATOR DISCHARGE
CURRENT. (See Product Highlight)
p OPTIMIZED FOR OFF-LINE AND DC-TO-DC
CONVERTERS.
p AUTOMATIC FEED FORWARD
COMPENSATION.
p PULSE-BY-PULSE CURRENT LIMITING.
p ENHANCED LOAD RESPONSE
CHARACTERISTICS.
p UNDER-VOLTAGE LOCKOUT WITH
HYSTERESIS.
p DOUBLE PULSE SUPPRESSION.
p HIGH-CURRENT TOTEM POLE OUTPUT.
p INTERNALLY TRIMMED BANDGAP
REFERENCE.
p 500KHz OPERATION.
p LOW RO ERROR AMPLIFIER.
A P P L I C AT I O N S
ECONOMICAL OFF-LINE FLYBACK OR
FORWARD CONVERTERS.
LOW COST DC MOTOR CONTROL.

A V A I L A B L E O P T I O N S

Part # Start-Up Hysteresis Max. Duty

Voltage Cycle
UCx842A 16V 6V <100%
UCx843A 8.4V 0.8V <100%
7.5 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.3
3 Mean +3 UCx844A 16V 6V <50%

Discharge Current Distribution - mA UCx845A 8.4V 0.8V <50%

PA C K A G E O R D E R I N F O R M AT I O N
TA (C) M Plastic DIP DM Plastic SOIC D Plastic SOIC Y Ceramic DIP
8-pin 8-pin 14-pin 8-pin
0 to 70 UC384xAM UC384xADM UC384xAD
-40 to 85 UC284xAM UC284xADM UC284xAD UC284xAY
-55 to 125 UC184xAY
Note: All surface-mount packages are available in Tape & Reel. Append the letter "T" to part number. (i.e. UC3842ADMT)

F O R F U R T H E R I N F O R M AT I O N C A L L ( 7 1 4 ) 8 9 8 - 8 1 2 1
Copyright 1995
Rev. 1.2 12/95 11861 WESTERN A VENUE , G ARDEN G ROVE , CA. 92841 1
 PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
UC184xA/284xA/384xA
CURRENT MODE PWM CONTROLLER
P R O D U C T I O N D A T A S H E E T

A B S O L U T E M A X I M U M R AT I N G S (Note 1) PACKAGE PIN OUTS

Supply Voltage (Low Impedance Source) (VCC) ......................................................... 30V

Supply Voltage (ICC < 30mA) .......................................................................... Self Limiting COMP 1 8 VREF
VFB 2 7 VCC
Output Current ............................................................................................................. 1A
ISENSE 3 6 OUTPUT
Output Energy (Capacitive Load) ................................................................................. 5J RT/CT 4 5 GND
Analog Inputs (VFB & ISENSE) ........................................................................ -0.3V to +6.3V
Error Amp Output Sink Current ............................................................................... 10mA M & Y PACKAGE
Power Dissipation at TA = 25C (M Package) .............................................................. 1W (Top View)
Storage Temperature Range .................................................................... -65C to +150C
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 Seconds) ............................................................. 300C
COMP 1 8 VREF
Note 1. Exceeding these ratings could cause damage to the device. All voltages are with respect VFB 2 7 VCC
to Ground. Currents are positive into, negative out of the specified terminal. Pin ISENSE 3 6 OUTPUT
numbers refer to DIL packages only. RT/CT 4 5 GND

DM PACKAGE
T H E R MAL DATA (Top View)

M PACKAGE:
THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, JA 95C/W COMP 1 14 VREF
N.C. 2 13 N.C.
DM PACKAGE:
VFB 3 12 VCC
THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, JA 165C/W N.C. 4 11 VC
D PACKAGE: ISENSE 5 10 OUTPUT
N.C. 6 9 GND
THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, JA 120C/W RT/CT 7 8 PWR GND
Y PACKAGE: D PACKAGE
THERMAL RESISTANCE-JUNCTION TO AMBIENT, JA 130C/W (Top View)

Junction Temperature Calculation: TJ = TA + (PD x JA).

The JA numbers are guidelines for the thermal performance of the device/pc-board system.
All of the above assume no ambient airflow

Copyright 1995
2 Rev. 1.2 12/95
 PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
UC184xA/284xA/384xA
CURRENT MODE PWM CONTROLLER
P R O D U C T I O N D A T A S H E E T

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply over the operating ambient temperatures for UC384xA with 0C TA 70C, UC284xA with -40C TA 85C,
UC184xA with -55C TA 125C; VCC=15V; RT=10K; C T=3.3nF. Low duty cycle pulse testing techniques are used which maintains junction and case temperatures equal
to the ambient temperature.)
UC184xA/284xA UC384xA
Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Units
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
Reference Section
Output Voltage VREF TJ = 25C, IL = 1mA 4.95 5.00 5.05 4.90 5.00 5.10 V
Line Regulation 12 VIN 25V 6 20 6 20 mV
Load Regulation 1 IO 20mA 6 25 6 25 mV
Temperature Stability (Note 2 & 7) 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 mV/C
Total Output Variation Over Line, Load, and Temperature 4.9 5.1 4.82 5.18 V
Output Noise Voltage (Note 2) VN 10Hz f 10kHz, TJ = 25C 50 50 V
Long Term Stability (Note 2) TA = 125C, t = 1000hrs 5 25 5 25 mV
Output Short Circuit Current ISC -30 -100 -180 -30 -100 -180 mA
Oscillator Section
Initial Accuracy (Note 6) TJ = 25C 47 52 57 47 52 57 kHz
Voltage Stability 12 VCC 25V 0.2 1 0.2 1 %
Temperature Stability (Note 2) TMIN TA TMAX 5 5 %
Amplitude (Note 2) 1.7 1.7 V
Discharge Current TJ = 25C, VPIN 4 = 2V 7.8 8.3 8.8 7.8 8.3 8.8 mA
VPIN 4 = 2V, TMIN TA TMAX 7.5 8.8 7.6 8.8 mA
Error Amp Section
Input Voltage VPIN 1 = 2.5V 2.45 2.50 2.55 2.42 2.50 2.58 V
Input Bias Current IB -0.3 -1 -0.3 -2 A
Open Loop Gain AVOL 2 V O 4V 65 90 65 90 dB
Unity Gain Bandwidth (Note 2) UGBW Tj = 25C 0.7 1 0.7 1 MHz
Power Supply Rejection Ratio (Note 3) PSRR 12 VCC 25V 60 70 60 70 dB
Output Sink Current IOL VPIN 2 = 2.7V, VPIN 1 = 1.1V 2 6 2 6 mA
Output Source Current I OH VPIN 2 = 2.3V, VPIN 1 = 5V -0.5 -0.8 -0.5 -0.8 mA
Output Voltage High Level VOH VPIN 2 = 2.3V, RL = 15K to ground 5 6 5 6 V
Output Voltage Low Level VOL VPIN 2 = 2.7V, RL = 15K to VREF 0.7 1.1 0.7 1.1 V
Current Sense Section
Gain (Note 3 & 4) AVOL 2.85 3 3.15 2.85 3 3.15 V/V
Maximum Input Signal (Note 3) VPIN 1 = 5V 0.9 1 1.1 0.9 1 1.1 V
Power Supply Rejection Ratio (Note 3) PSRR 12 VCC 25V 70 70 dB
Input Bias Current IB -2 -10 -2 -10 A
Delay to Output (Note 2) Tpd VPIN 3 = 0 to 2V 150 300 150 300 ns
Output Section
Output Low Level ISINK = 20mA 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4 V
VOL
ISINK = 200mA 1.5 2.2 1.5 2.2 V
Output High Level ISOURCE = 20mA 13 13.5 13 13.5 V
VOH
ISOURCE = 200mA 12 13.5 12 13.5 V
Rise Time (Note 2) TR TJ = 25C, CL = 1nF 50 150 50 150 ns
Fall Time (Note 2) TF TJ = 25C, CL = 1nF 50 150 50 150 ns
UVLO Saturation VSAT VCC = 5V, ISINK = 10mA 0.7 1.2 0.7 1.2 V
( E l e c tr i c a l Cha r a ct er i st i cs cont i nu e next pa g e.)

Copyright 1995
Rev. 1.2 12/95 3
 PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
UC184xA/284xA/384xA
CURRENT MODE PWM CONTROLLER
P R O D U C T I O N D A T A S H E E T

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (Con't.)

UC184xA/284xA UC384xA
Parameter Symbol Test Conditions Units
Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max.
Under-Voltage Lockout Section
Start Threshold x842A/4A 15 16 17 14.5 16 17.5 V
x843A/5A 7.8 8.4 9.0 7.8 8.4 9.0 V
Min. Operation Voltage After Turn-On x842A/4A 9 10 11 8.5 10 11.5 V
x843A/5A 7.0 7.6 8.2 7.0 7.6 8.2 V
PWM Section
Maximum Duty Cycle x842A/3A 94 96 100 94 96 100 %
x844A/5A 47 48 50 47 48 50 %
Minimum Duty Cycle 0 0 %
Total Standby Section
Start-Up Current 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 mA
Operating Supply Current I CC 11 17 11 17 mA
Zener Voltage VZ ICC = 25mA 30 35 30 35 V
Notes: 2. These parameters, although guaranteed, are not 100% tested in 7. "Temperature stability, sometimes referred to as average temperature
production. coefficient, is described by the equation:
3. Parameter measured at trip point of latch with VVFB = 0. VREF (max.) - VREF (min.)
V COMP Temp Stability =
T J (max.) - TJ (min.)
4. Gain defined as: AVOL = ; 0 V ISENSE 0.8V.
VISENSE
V REF (max.) & V REF (min.) are the maximum & minimum reference
5. Adjust VCC above the start threshold before setting at 15V. voltage measured over the appropriate temperature range. Note that
6. Output frequency equals oscillator frequency for the UC1842A the extremes in voltage do not necessarily occur at the extremes in
and UC1843A. Output frequency is one half oscillator frequency temperature."
for the UC1844A and UC1845A.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

VCC *
34V
UVLO VREF
S/R 5V 5.0V
** Hysteresis Ref
GROUND 50mA
6V (1842A/4A)
UVLO
0.8V (1843A/5A)
16V (1842A/4A)
8.4V (1843A/5A) Internal
Bias
2.5V
*
VREF VC
Good Logic

RT/CT Oscillator
*** T
OUTPUT
Error Amp S
2R
VFB R PWM
R 1V Latch **
Current Sense POWER GROUND
COMP
Comparator
CURRENT SENSE

* - V CC and VC are internally connected for 8 pin packages.

** - POWER GROUND and GROUND are internally connected for 8 pin packages.
*** - Toggle flip flop used only in x844A and x845A series.

Copyright 1995
4 Rev. 1.2 12/95
 PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
UC184xA/284xA/384xA
CURRENT MODE PWM CONTROLLER
P R O D U C T I O N D A T A S H E E T

CHARACTERISTIC CURVES

FIGURE 1. OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY vs. TIMING

RESISTOR

VREF 8

CT = 1nF
Oscillator Frequency - (Hz)

1M RT

CT = 2.2nF RT/CT 4

100k CT

GROUND 5
CT = 4.7nF
10k
1.72
For RT > 5k, f
RT CT

0 Note: Output drive frequency is half the oscillator frequency for

300 1.0k 3.0k 10.0k 30.0k 100k the UCx844A/5A devices.

RT - (ohms)

FIGURE 2. MAXIMUM DUTY CYCLE vs. TIMING RESISTOR

100.0

80.0
Maximum Duty Cycle - (%)

60.0

40.0

20.0

0
300 1.0k 3.0k 10.0k 30.0k 100k

RT - (ohms)

Copyright 1995
Rev. 1.2 12/95 5
 PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
UC184xA/284xA/384xA
CURRENT MODE PWM CONTROLLER
P R O D U C T I O N D A T A S H E E T

T Y P I C A L A P P L I C AT I O N C I R C U I T S

FIGURE 3. CURRENT SENSE SPIKE SUPPRESSION FIGURE 4. MOSFET PARASITIC OSCILLATIONS

VCC DC BUS VCC DC BUS

7
7
R1 Q1
Q1
UCx84xA UCx84xA 6
6

5
IPK
CHANGE RS

3 1.0V
IPK(MAX) =
C RS RS 5

The RC low pass filter will eliminate the leading edge current spike
caused by parasitics of Power MOSFET.
A resistor (R1) in series with the MOSFET gate will reduce overshoot
& ringing caused by the MOSFET input capacitance and any
inductance in series with the gate drive. (Note: It is very important to
have a low inductance ground path to insure correct operation of the
I.C. This can be done by making the ground paths as short and as
wide as possible.)

FIGURE 5. EXTERNAL DUTY CYCLE CLAMP AND MULTI-UNIT SYNCHRONIZATION

RA 8 4
7

UCx84xA
6 555 3 4
RB
TIMER

2
5 1
0.01 5
To other
1.44
UCx84xA devices
f=
(R A + 2RB)C
RB Precision duty cycle limiting as well as synchronizing several parts is
f=
RA + 2R B possible with the above circuitry.

Copyright 1995
6 Rev. 1.2 12/95
 PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
UC184xA/284xA/384xA
CURRENT MODE PWM CONTROLLER
P R O D U C T I O N D A T A S H E E T

T Y P I C A L A P P L I C AT I O N C I R C U I T S (continued)

FIGURE 6. SLOPE COMPENSATION

VCC DC BUS

UCx84xA 7(12)
VO
5V

8(14)
UVLO

S 5V
R REF
RT
INTERNAL
BIAS
2.5V
2N222A
VREF
GOOD LOGIC
7(11)
RSLOPE
4(7)
OSCILLATOR Q1
From VO CT
6(10)
C.S.
2R COMP
Ri
2(3)
1V
ERROR R 5(8)
Rd CF RF AMP PWM
LATCH R

1(1) 3(5)
C RS
5(9)

Due to inherent instability of current mode converters running above 50% duty cycle, slope compensation should be added to either
the current sense pin or the error amplifier. Figure 6 shows a typical slope compensation technique.

FIGURE 7. OPEN LOOP LABORATORY FIXTURE

VREF

RT
A VCC
UCx84xA
2N2222
4.7K
1 COMP VREF 8
100K

1K 2 VFB VCC 7
0.1F 0.1F
ERROR AMP 1K
ADJUST 5K
4.7K ISENSE 3 ISENSE OUTPUT 6 OUTPUT
ADJUST

4 RTCT GROUND 5

GROUND
CT

High peak currents associated with capacitive loads necessitate careful grounding techniques. Timing and bypass capacitors should be
connected to pin 5 in a single point ground. The transistor and 5k potentiometer are used to sample the oscillator waveform and apply an
adjustable ramp to pin 3.

Copyright 1995
Rev. 1.2 12/95 7
 PRODUCT DATABOOK 1996/1997
UC184xA/284xA/384xA
CURRENT MODE PWM CONTROLLER
P R O D U C T I O N D A T A S H E E T

T Y P I C A L A P P L I C AT I O N C I R C U I T S (continued)

FIGURE 8. OFF-LINE FLYBACK REGULATOR

TI MBR735
4.7kW 1W

220F 4.7kW 3600pF

1N4004 1N4004
250V 2W 400V
4700F 5V
140kW 10V 2-5A
1/2W
1N4935
AC 1N4004 1N4004
INPUT
1N4935

16V

20kW UC3844A 10F

7 820pF
0.01F 20V

1N4935
2 VFB VCC
2.5kW
150kW 27kW
1 COMP
OUT 6
IRF830

3.6kW 100pF

8 VREF 1kW
CUR
10kW 3
SEN
470pF 0.85kW
4 RT/CT GND
0.01F .0022F 5
ISOLATION
BOUNDARY

SPECIFICATIONS
Input line voltage: 90VAC to 130VAC * This circuit uses a low-cost feedback scheme in which the DC
Input frequency: 50 or 60Hz voltage developed from the primary-side control winding is
Switching frequency: 40KHz 10% sensed by the UC3844A error amplifier. Load regulation is
Output power: 25W maximum therefore dependent on the coupling between secondary and
Output voltage: 5V +5% control windings, and on transformer leakage inductance.
Output current: 2 to 5A
Line regulation: 0.01%/V
Load regulation: 8%/A*
Efficiency @ 25 Watts,
VIN = 90VAC: 70%
VIN = 130VAC: 65%
Output short-circuit current: 2.5Amp average

Copyright 1995
8 Rev. 1.2 12/95