HIV AIDS

AIDS is a disease in which the immune system breaks down. People who have AIDS are likely to
develop serious infections and cancers. These infections, called "opportunistic infections" are not usually
seen in people whose immune system is intact. AIDS is caused by a virus known as Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This virus is what destroys the immune system. HIV can also invade the
central nervous system causing severe neurological.
The HIV virus is known separately by researchers at the Institute Pasteur of France in
1983 and the NIH is a national health institute in the United States in 1984. Then the International
Committee for the Taxonomy of Viruses decided to assign the name of human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) as known until now and the researchers also agreed to use the term HIV.
How people get infected

Being born to an infected mother.

Being stuck with an HIV-contaminated needle or other sharp object.

Receiving blood transfusions, blood products, or organ/tissue transplants that are

contaminated with HIV.

Eating food that has been pre-chewed by an HIV-infected person.

Being bitten by a person with HIV.

Oral sex.

Contact between broken skin, wounds, or mucous membranes and HIV-infected blood or
blood-contaminated body fluids..

Open - mouth kissing if the person with HIV has sores or bleeding gums and blood is
exchanged. HIV is not spread through saliva. Transmission through kissing alone is
extremely rare.

HIV is NOT spread by:

Air or water

Insects, including mosquitoes or ticks

Saliva, tears, or sweat

Casual contact, like shaking hands, hugging or sharing dishes/drinking glasses

Drinking fountains
 Toilet seats

HIV is not spread through the air and it does not live long outside the human body.

The symptoms shown by the patient

Early Symptoms: fever, headache, tiredness, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck and groin area

Later Symptoms: rapid weight loss, recurring fever or profuse night sweats, extreme and
unexplained tiredness, prolonged swelling of the lymph glands in the armpits, groin, or neck,
diarrhea that lasts for more than a week, sores of the mouth, anus, or genitals, pneumonia,
red, brown, pink, or purplish blotches on or under the skin or inside the mouth, nose, or
eyelids, memory loss, depression, and other neurologic disorders.
Treatment and prevention
Treatment:
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the use of HIV AIDS medicines to treat HIV AIDS infection.
ART involves taking a combination of HIV AIDS medicines (called an HIV AIDS regimen) every
day.
ART is recommended for all people infected with HIV AIDS. ART cant cure HIV AIDS, but it
can help people infected with HIV AIDS live longer, healthier lives. ART also reduces the risk
of sexual transmission of HIV AIDS.
Potential risks of ART include side effects from HIV AIDS medicines and drug interactions
between HIV AIDS medicines or between HIV medicines and other medicines a person is
taking. Poor adherence not taking HIV AIDS medicines every day and exactly as prescribed
can lead to drug resistance, which is another risk of ART.
When to start ART and what HIV AIDS medicines to take depend on a persons individual
needs. People with HIV AIDS work closely with their health care providers to make decisions
regarding the use of HIV AIDS medicines.
Prevention :
Abstain from sex and injection drug use.
Use a latex condom for vaginal or anal intercourse. Use a latex barrier during oral sex.
Do not share needles. It doesn't matter if you are using needles to shoot d rugs, for tattooing
or body piercing, for insulin, vitamins or steroid injections DON'T SHARE NEEDLES WITH
ANYONE.
Clean injection equipment with bleach and water.
Avoid unprotected or unsafe activities with multiple partners or sex industry workers.
Avoid having sex under the influence of alcohol or other drugs. These may alter your ability to
make safer sexual decisions.
Share this information with your friends, family and coworkers. The only way to prevent the
spread of HIV is through education, and you can help.
The Impacts living with HIV AIDS
EMOTIONAL: Receiving an HIV diagnosis has a deep emotional impact. We all react differently to
an HIV positive diagnosis, and the prospect of living the rest of our life with HIV can be pretty
scary. It is an experience which can bring crisis, not just for us as the person with HIV, but also
for our family and loved ones. It is a very hard truth to accept and learn to live with, and many of us
experience different emotions and reactions, such as shock, anger, denial, depression, loneliness,
and feelings of loss, uncertainty, grief and sadness. For many of us, acceptance can take a long time.
MENTAL HEALTH: Dont be afraid to ask for help. We may feel very upset and sad for quite a long
time after receiving a diagnosis. If these feelings carry on, we may want to seek help, since they
are linked to mental health problems such as depression or anxiety. Again, this is normal and we can
be supported to get better.
EMOTIONAL SUPPORT: Support to find the strength within. With emotional support, we can
accept our situation, find ways of dealing with it and see hope for the future. The will to live is a
force within all of us to fight for survival when our lives are threatened. Yet this force is stronger
in some people than in others.
HOPE: The power of hope. Hope is the emotional and mental state that motivates us to keep on
living, to accomplish things and succeed. When we lack hope we may give up on life and lose the will
to live. Without hope, there is little to live for. But with hope, we can maintain a positive attitude,
strengthen our determination, sharpen our coping skills, and more freely give and receive love and
support.

REFERENCE
http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/education-materials/fact-sheets/20/48/the-basics-of-hiv-prevention

http://aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/just-diagnosed-with-hiv-aids/treatment-options/overview-of-hiv-
treatments/

http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/hivaids/understanding/treatment/Pages/Default.aspx

http://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/signs-and-symptoms/index.html

http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/education-materials/fact-sheets/21/51/hiv-treatment--the-basics

http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/education-materials/fact-sheets/20/48/the-basics-of-hiv-prevention

http://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/what-is-hiv-aids/index.html

http://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/hiv-aids-101/signs-and-symptoms/index.html

(The Sacramento County Department of Health and Human Services Epidemiology and Disease Control
Unit, 2001, p. 1)

CREATED BY :

GROUP 5: MAYESTI E. PURBA (31S14002)

DEBORAH BASA (31S14009)

HERTI N. HUTAPEA (31S14010)