‘Applicaton of ASHRAE Standards and procedures in LEED-EB cartfcation. - Free Online Library 0 ert te ogitaa Tn THERREELIBRARY (swe) oom _, BBEME 49,382.271 aries and books @keyword OTWe O Author © Terie (Login) [Fi tememaer me Tha ica Lic > Buns and ist > Constuion ae qari tion» ASHRAE Wapsaions > asin 12011 ists Lier > Dae 01> auaty> 1> ASA Lansecot Application of ASHRAE Standards and procedures in LEED-EB certification. autor Ale Condtening ‘Ads by Google ‘imate Conral by Siemens - Sao upto 60 peront of consumes energy Puntcato: Commercial Electie Uoht Bub ‘eile Toe ‘Save Even More With CFL. & LEO Light Bulbs! Energy Etclont Savings. ‘Geographic Coa: reeienon a ‘Stadlum Buls Widele East 16-18 Api 2012, Qatar Words: 2449 Sasuvoussdbeat.com Previous Mfc: Eoutonmentally Opoorince Quay duct eskage testers using nterchangestle ontie pats. ‘aint ssiaabledosian eww orton cam nowiice wanton Rea Resse nowy ‘coin craton aay ‘he new bghtng publication Register today for your Fee copy toland bet bl ops: Energy management MSR ME Inemavonal ren Pressroom pressure, temperate, humid eto. stemmatagomentsvte \cowmrmes pr aaa tanaris a ° ‘sans Sanda, Ecinening Link tts page INTRODUCTION ‘Tha cure version ofthe US Groon Buldng Counci's LEED for Exsting Buildings rating system, LEED 2009 for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance (USGI 2008). Fefeones ASHRAE resource documents thoughout. These include a numberof ASHRAE Standards, Guelnes and Procedures, suchas Stardare 522-1998, Method of Testing Genorl anton A-Cleaing Devces, and Standard 65.2004, Thermal Comet Conditions fr Human (Occupancy. The two ASHRAE references with perhaps tne most impact in LEED-EB cerfication ar Procodures fer Commorial Bung Energy Autits (Cowan 2004), quired fr LEED-ES Energy & Atmosphere Breequlste 1; ana Standard €2.1-2007 (ASHRAE 2007), quod for LEED-EB Indoor Envronmental Quality Prerequste 1. Because thy both invohe LEED-EB, prerequisite requirements, these references must be used in evry LEED-ES certification. Engineers proving technical consuting on LEEO-ES certication projects must understand the ASHRAE source documents as well a the intent of he pareular LEED requirements in over to propel apply ASHRAE guidance. ACL Intense Prowans ‘A complance course in Dub to get accreted as an ACI Associate ‘Ads by Google ‘Green cetifcation arty Cites Products For Groene, Heathie Projets. ENERGY & ATMOSPHERE PREREQUISITE 1: ENERGY EFFICIENCY BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES LEED.EB Energy & Atmosphore Prerequisite 1 calls or energy ficiency best management practices inthe areas of planning, dacumontation and opportunity assosement, The inten i “To promote continuity of frmation to ensure that eneray-efflen: operating strategies are ‘maintained and prods a foundation fr training and systom analysis" (USGBC 2010). Ono ‘lement ofthe prerequst sto “Conduct an energy auct tat meets the requirements ofthe [ASHRAE Lave Twaltshrougn audit (USGBC 2010), The reference document» Procedures for Commercial Bulding Energy Aucts, pudshed by ASHRAE in 200 (Cowan 2008). This document proves forms and procedures fr conducting energy aus and desnes the scope of \orous lols of aus, fom a Preliminary Energy Uss Analysis to Level and Aus. Tas ‘scopes defined inthis ASHRAE guidance are sequetal and build on each her. While onl a Level Aus equred fo meei the LEED-EB prerequsit, a more in-epth Lovell Aud may be tint LEED-EB. 00257557794 6ane ‘Applicaton of ASHRAE Standards and procedures in LEED-ES cartfcaion. - Free Online Library conducte to atta adtonal LEED creat points. Ihe even more I-depin Lee! i AUG s not adcressed in LEED. Key Components ofthe ASHRAE Level [Walkthrough Aud {A Protiminary Energy Use Analysis i Conducted prio to of asthe fst step ofa Level | aud Thi anaiysi includes the development of historical energy use profs, calculation ofthe Energy Utiization indo, comparison of usage and cost with similar bullings, and establishment of usage and cost target levels. Alvnough not specially mentioned inthe ASHRAE document, ENERGY STAR benchmarking is typically performed to provdo the comparatie and target analyses. Incremental Utlty Rates. A tilt rate analysis is also perormed to determina incremental rates fer use in sanngecaleulstons. Athough i common industry pratice in fstiowel one assessments Io use average uli rates when estimating saungs, LEED-EB recognizes that icenttying the actual ncramental aes is very imporant in rowaing a realistic aoection of cost Saving tom energy elleioney measures. The average rate is calculated by simply didn the total cost by the total usage, witout astngusring between seasonality, tme-tuse pads or Usage and demand chargst the incremental ato lakes inio account how each partite energy ‘measure wl alec the annual ity costs. Depending on the type of energy measure being ‘analyzed and the local uty rate structure, the dierence between average and incremental ates an be substantial. The impact of wsing average versus incremental elect rates for several Teeavons and types of measures Is Hustratedn Table t below. These rates ware calculated for paticularbulings and wil vary pending on wily rato schedule and any thi-pary supeior Contracts. ererental aes fo the various types of oads were caleulated tased on suason, times, andthe blended actual impact of usage and demand charges. For the Las Angeles building, a8 an example, the cost reduction ofa measure sau energy at right only, 50 a8 atlrnours scheduling contls, would actualy be less than hal the amount projected with the use ofthe average elactne rata, Conversely. chile replacement pojct reducing ‘oalng energy primary in summer months and reducing pak demand woul yield 0% mare ‘sange than Would be ateipated using te average rate tal Electeie Rates (6/aKM) Enorgy End Use Analysis. The Lowel |Welkhrough Audit aso includes a breakdown of annual energy consumption by and se. Analysis methods may vay but typleally aly on simale sureadsheat calculations based on broad assumptions, such as eral bulding Igting power fensty atypical hours of apertin, anual cooling a healing fad tcl, le, The rove an be presented in tabular format or grapncaly, as shown In Figue ‘Savnge Measure Identiti, The identification of potential savings measures is the onterpiece of an ASHRAE Level [Walk-hvaugh Aud. The measures ae typically those that can be identi duing a walk-inrough suey, without relying on in-depth imestgation, dal legging oF dotales monitoring of existing system pertrmance. Both no-cosviow-cost operations and mainonance tems, es wall as captal rata projec, re included. The sauings caleultions and implementation cost estates fer capital projects are macrolvel analyses. While the ‘savings should bo based on incremental uty rates as discussed above, tho calculations wil generally requre some broad assumptions regarsng system operating parameters, existing fequpmentoficoncies, otc. Cast estimates are budgetary and ely on uni ging and industry thefrecibrary.com/Application-of ASHRAE+ Standards+and+ procedures in+LEED-€B., 20257657704ane Applicaton of ASHRAE Standards and procedures in LEED-ES cartfcaion. - Free Online Library stance cost assump ASHRAE Level Il Enorgy Suney and Engnoarng Analysis ‘The Level laud includes a recommendation fr further study, f warranted. may conclude the next step shouldbe ratrocommissining, ithe opportunites for savings are focused on foe= tuning of existing systoms operation ana coral oF t may call or a more doh onary aut Procedures for Commercial Buling Energy Aud (Cowan 2008) dines ths mare in-depth stugy 2s an ASHRAE Lovell Enorgy Suney and Engineering Analysis. Bulking on th uty ‘nalyis and walk-through assosement inthe Lawl | ut tho Level Hoff includes study and ‘lution ofthe existing energy using equipment and systems, as well as more rebust saunas Calculations ana implomertation east estimates. Mor specie building system and eauismont ‘pecational data is gonealy required inorder to reine the inp fo the Sarge calculations Premed in the Level | Aust. The ASHRAE Level Energy Aust report will resent a descrstion ofthe bulding systems and thei cunent operating status, along wih 2 detailed explanation of ‘ach recommentied anergy savings measur Ether path of father study, whether relracammissioning or an ASHRAE Level Energy Aud, an attain ere points under LEE-ES Energy & Ainasphere Cre 2: Existing Building (Commissionng, INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY PREREQUISITE 1: MINIMUM INDOOR AIR QUALITY PERFORMANCE LEED-EB Indoor Envonmental Quality Prerequisite 1 calls fr sslustion of the outside air ventilation and exhaust systems sening the buldng. Te intent "To establish mivmum indoor air quay pafomance to eran indoor air ually in uléngs, thus contbtng to te heath and wellbeing of the occupants" (USGAC 2010). Compliance win ASHRAE Standars 62.1-2007 ‘entation rates 's a key component ofthis LEED prevequiste. Each ar handing system seréng ‘mutiplo zones canbe analyzed using the proach in the 2007UM _62MZCale spreadshoo rm the €2.1 Users Manuel (ASHRAE 2007}, as referenced in Append A of Standara 621-2007. A ‘nana of the calculation spreadshoo is ilistate in Figure? below. Allomatiely, the vakios in Table 6.3 of Standard 62-1-2007 may be used in the calelaons where appeal. White the Calculation approach of Standard 621-2007 was originally intended tobe used for system {esign, tho challenge isto apply itt existing eysloms in place, n some cases without completo ‘documentation af the oiginal design parameters [FIGURE 2 OMITTED] Procedures and Compliance Paths ‘The general procedure called for by LEED-EB isto caeulate the required ouside a CEM for leach ar handing system sening the bulling based onthe ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007 ‘entiation Rate Procedure, moasure the aval ouside ar CFM beng introduced by each system under worst-case conatons (minimum outside ar damper postan, minimum supply alr {lowin VAY syetome), and then determine whether he eystom complies wilh the ASHRAE Standard. het Is an alterative compliance path fits demonstrated thatthe system cannot ‘meet the required ouside ar quarity us to srysical constants ofthe basic confguration ofthe futsido air systom: In sucha caso, cach ar handing systom must provdo a minimum of 10 (CFM per person, Data Requirements LEED.EB species parameters for some ofthe input data to be used inthe compliance aleultions. This data includes th type of ai handing systom (constant vlumo or VAY): ho area sened by the system, including by 20ne occupancy ‘ype, and whether the space is {curently occupied or unoccupid: the population af occupants by zone, with occupants in any ‘cant space calculated based on ASHRAE dell valves for occupant densiy tll systom aie tow: system ar fow dversty; which zone x zones are determined tobe cial zones In tems of etsde ar requirement: andthe minimum ir ow to oach zone, pariculay th erica, ores. Example Caleulation ‘Tha input data for an example calculation i shown in Table 2. The subject air handling system is a VAV eystom suring a single foo in an ofice bung, The foo s comprised of goreal office pace, eonferancelmesting oom, main entrance loboy, beak rooms and vacant ofce space. thefrecibrary.com/Applicationof+ASHRAE+Standards+and+ procedures in+LEED-€B., 20257657704thetecitrary comiAppcaban-of+ASHRAE= Si ‘Applicaton of ASHRAE Standards and procedures in LEED-EB cartfcation. - Free Online Library Area currently cecupied 17,000 (£t-mup.2) (1,700 [m.s4p.2)) General office space 15,200 (€t.sup.2} 11,520 {m.sup.21) Conference/mecting rooms 1,200 (#t.9up.2) 1120 (9.2up.21) Main entry lobby 400 [€e.2up.21 (40 fm.sup.21) roak rooms 200 (ft.sup.2] (20 [m.s0p.21) vacant office space 3,000 (ft.eup.2) (360 (m.sup.21) current eceupant count, 78 People space Aix disteibution type 6S (coiling suppty ceot air) Measured actual OA supply at 3,500 efm (1,750 L/sh ‘The two key elements in the calculation of required ouside air are the citical zone andthe assumed minimum supply ai fr te eal ze a the condition when the system requires the ‘most outside a In tho example system, tho enical zones typically associated wth the Corteranceimeeting rom space. Tble 3 blow shows the results ofthe calculation fr vious {assumptions of minimum supply ai inthe erteal zone, using both Append A (2o07UM_s2MzCale spreacsheet) and Table 6-3, where applicable, Ceitical Appendix A Appendix AOA Table 6-2 Table 6-3 OA CHM (L/2) Zone System Sv CEM (L/s) System Sv ‘Required Vot roo o.9¢ 2,762 (881) .00 2,658 (229) 508 0:79 2,092 (2,086) Ol 11364 (982) 308 olse yas ayas) oes 2,695 (1,303) ase olasSyaza ay7z) va WA Vou = OR Intake Requized tor system Discussion As ilustrate in Tale 3, the required outside arranges by almost a factor of two based on the assumption of mitimum supply ai percertin te eal zone. Tha werst case ouside air Situation lypiealy occurs wen te eiial zene ig al minimum Supay a ow whe te est of the zones and the system overall are at cooling design ai ow. The vertlion eficiency(E¥) of tho ertieal zone determines the vetaion offc‘ony ofthe system. Tho vetlaion oflcioncy of the system then determines the system outside a requirement (Vat). Ths, identying the ‘real zone and assessing the minimum supply ai quantity inthe cial zone a he time when the system is at maximum fow il establish the minimum ousi a fow necessary for compliance wih ASHRAE Standard 821-2007. The sens vty ofthe calculation is Musrated in Figure 2 below. The outside a requrement increases by approximately 20 percent when the erteal zone minimum supply ar assumption goos fom 10D percent to 80 percent. Th acts ‘more dramatic as the cial zone minimum supply as reduced tthe. A good discussion of tha factors influencing those calculations andthe options fer engineering judgment in establishing the mii sepoint assumptions is presented in Stanke 20° [FIGURE 3 OMITTED} CONCLUSION In both ofthe LEED-EB prerequisites that rely on ASHRAE reference documents iscussed ‘above, sound engineering judgment is required to propety apply ASHRAE guidance in mesting the intent oft LEED-EB requiromerts. nthe case of LEED-EB Energy & Atmosphere Prerequisite 1, not only must tne spected aud process be followed, but the apropite lvl of ‘for must also be determined. nthe cate of LEED-EB Indoor Envronmertal Quality, Prerequisite 1, engineoing assumptions regarding sanilalion systam operating conditions can ‘really impact the complance calculations. ivan th rgorous nature ofthe LEED cerseation Tov gress, th enineesng approach taken to detonate complance, inching the basis int LEED-E8. -00257557794 dards and proceduransin2 ‘hofreclibrary.comiApplicatonsof+ASHRAE*St ‘Applicaton of ASHRAE Standards and procedures in LEED-EB certification. - Free Online Library lorie anaiyss ane Key assumpuons, srouta oe cleany presertoa IM LEE SUOMI ‘documentation. REFERENCES ASHRAE, 2007. ANSUASHRAE Standard 621-2007, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air (aly. Alanta: American Society of Heating, Ragnrating and Ai-Condtioning Enginoos |ASHRAE. 2007, 62.1 User's Manual, ANSVASHRAE Standard 62.1.2007. Ventilation for AAccoptabie Idoor Ais Quay, Anta: American Socal of Heating, Reigoaing nd Ate CCondtonng Engineers Cowan J, R. Pearson and | Sud. 2004. Procedwes for Commercial Builing Energy Austs, ASHRAE Research Project RPG Atlanta: American Socaty of Heating, Ragerating and Air ‘Contanng Engineors ‘Stank, D. 2010, Standard 62.1-2007 Dynamic Reset fr Multple-Zane Systems. ASHRAE oural, 28): 22 36. USGBC. 2008, LEED Reference Guid fr Green Buléng Operations and Maintanance, 2008 Ealion. Washinglon, DC: U.S. Groan Bling Counc USGBC. 2010, LEED 2009 for Existing Bulkings: Operations and Maintenance Rating System (Updated July 2010), Wastington, DC: U.S. Green Builting Counc Bary Abramson, PE Mamber ASHRAE Lung-Sing Wong, PE Momber ASHRAE Bary Abramson ¢ Senor Vice Presiden wth Senidyre,Allanta, GA, Lung-Sing Wong is Prncipal Engineer with Servayne, Alara, CA Please bookmark with social media, your votes are noticed and appreciated: FietGy? LEEDIAO 22 Crest Teste ‘Adsancod GrayWol motors or AG VOC, formaldohyde, PMO, CO tests ‘Showa Giken Indust 'SGK, Manulacuing Company of Peat Rotary Joins & Swivel Joints Reader ratings 0 vole(e You can rate thie arte by selecting 1 to 4 Reader Opinion Tie comment ‘Submit ‘ohlioa Daeloner ‘Ads by Google tint LEED-EB., 20257557794ansin2 thefrecibrary.comiAppication+of+ASHRAE+ Standards ‘Applicaton of ASHRAE Standards and procedures in LEED-ES certification. - Free Online Library ‘The Destination for Engineers Seeking a Total Lghing Sokitin, wow tpnngderanse: com Eu Text Online Library ‘nln Ubary of Docks, journal, acts. Research online. MS in Poin! Management Gas Sectorfocused Masters in Project Management. Eam 8 Career! ‘Cooling Water Treatmen Morus Rings Fo0n Salton fo teat entire cooling water systems Taos Lire > Sunes and uty > Constuston ag atrte haatie> ASHRAE Wareatons > ane 12051 Tisties Lee > Dae 20> aauany> 1> ASAE Tansee Alestens by Nave —_-blesion by Oat ators are 20257557794