Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
3
Reasons for Gasoline Injection
To have uniform distribution of fuel in a
multi-cylinder engine
To improve the breathing capacity and
hence the volumetric efficiency
To reduce or eliminate detonation
To prevent fuel loss during scavenging in
case of two-stroke engines
8
Fuel injection
in two-stroke
engines
9
Electronic Fuel Injection System
Modern gasoline injection systems use engine
sensors, a computer, and solenoid operated fuel
injectors to meter and inject the right amount of
fuel into the engine cylinders.
13
Electronic Fuel Injection System
The injector pulse width is an indication
of the period for which each injector is
energized and kept open. The computer
decides and controls the injector pulse
width based on the signals received from
the various sensors.
16
Port Injection
In this system, the
injector is placed on
the side of the intake
manifold near the
intake port. The injector
sprays gasoline into the
air, inside the intake
manifold.
18
Throttle Body Injection
Figure illustrates the simplified sketch of
throttle body injection system (single point
injection). This throttle body is similar to the
carburetor throttle body, with the throttle
valve controlling the amount of air
entering the intake manifold.
19
Remark
20
Remark
21
D-MPFI System
The D-MPFI system is the manifold fuel
injection system. In this type, the vacuum in
the intake manifold is first sensed. Further, it
senses the volume of air by its density. Figure
shows the block diagram regarding the
functioning of the D-MPFI system.
Air
Intake manifold
vacuum sensor Gasoline
RPM sensor
22
D-MPFI System contd.
As air enters into the intake manifold, the
manifold pressure sensor detects the intake
manifold vacuum and sends the information
to the ECU. The speed sensor also sends
information about the rpm of the engine to
the ECU.
The ECU in turn sends commands to the
injector to regulate the amount of gasoline
supply for injection. When the injector
sprays fuel in the intake manifold the
gasoline mixes with the air and the mixture
enters the cylinder.
23
L-MPFI System
The L-MPFI system is a port fuel- injection
system. Here, the fuel metering is regulated
by the engine speed and the amount of air
that actually enters the engine. This is called
air-mass metering or air-flow metering. This
block diagram of L-MPFI system is shown.
Air
Mixture of
fuel and air Injector
Injection
near port Injection
Engine volume control
RPM
sensor ECU
24
L-MPFI System contd.
As air enters into the intake manifold, the
air flow sensor measures the amount of air
and sends information to the ECU. Similarly,
the speed sensor sends information about
the speed of the engine to the ECU.
The ECU processes the information
received and sends appropriate
commands to the injector to regulate the
amount of gasoline supply for injection.
When injection takes place, the gasoline
mixes with the air and mixture enters the
cylinder.
25
Functional Divisions of
MPFI System
26
MPFI Electronic Control System
Sensors To injectors
To cold start injectorr
(Input)
(Output)
28
MPFI Fuel System
Here, fuel is supplied by
the fuel pump. At the time of
starting, the cold start
injector is operated by the
cold start injector time
switch. The cold start
injector injects fuel into the
air intake chamber, thus
enriching the air-fuel mixture.
The pressure regulator
regulates the pressure of the
fuel. The injectors receive
signals from the ECU and
inject the fuel into the intake
manifold.
29
MPFI Air Induction System
Here, the air
cleaner, the air-flow
meter, the throttle
body and the air
valve supply a proper
amount of air to the
air intake chamber
and intake manifold.
The quantity of air
supplied is just what is
required for complete
combustion.
30
References
1. Crouse WH, and Anglin DL, DL (1985), Automotive Engines, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Eastop TD, and McConkey A, (1993), Applied Thermodynamics for Engg.
Technologists, Addison Wisley.
3. Fergusan CR, and Kirkpatrick AT, (2001), Internal Combustion Engines, John
Wiley & Sons.
4. Ganesan V, (2003), Internal Combustion Engines, Tata McGraw Hill.
5. Gill PW, Smith JH, and Ziurys EJ, (1959), Fundamentals of I. C. Engines, Oxford
and IBH Pub Ltd.
6. Heisler H, (1999), Vehicle and Engine Technology, Arnold Publishers.
7. Heywood JB, (1989), Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals, McGraw Hill.
8. Heywood JB, and Sher E, (1999), The Two-Stroke Cycle Engine, Taylor & Francis.
9. Joel R, (1996), Basic Engineering Thermodynamics, Addison-Wesley.
10. Mathur ML, and Sharma RP, (1994), A Course in Internal Combustion Engines,
Dhanpat Rai & Sons, New Delhi.
11. Pulkrabek WW, (1997), Engineering Fundamentals of the I. C. Engine, Prentice Hall.
12. Rogers GFC, and Mayhew YR, YR (1992), Engineering Thermodynamics, Addison
Wisley.
13. Srinivasan S, (2001), Automotive Engines, Tata McGraw Hill.
14. Stone R, (1992), Internal Combustion Engines, The Macmillan Press Limited, London.
15. Taylor CF, (1985), The Internal-Combustion Engine in Theory and Practice, Vol.1 & 2,
The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
31
Web Resources
1. http://www.mne.psu.edu/simpson/courses
2. http://me.queensu.ca/courses
3. http://www.eng.fsu.edu
4. http://www.personal.utulsa.edu
5. http://www.glenroseffa.org/
6. http://www.howstuffworks.com
7. http://www.me.psu.edu
8. http://www.uic.edu/classes/me/ me429/lecture-air-cyc-web%5B1%5D.ppt
9. http://www.osti.gov/fcvt/HETE2004/Stable.pdf
10. http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/pid457.php
11. http://www.tpub.com/content/engine/14081/css
12. http://webpages.csus.edu
13. http://www.nebo.edu/misc/learning_resources/ ppt/6-12
14. http://netlogo.modelingcomplexity.org/Small_engines.ppt
15. http://www.ku.edu/~kunrotc/academics/180/Lesson%2008%20Diesel.ppt
16. http://navsci.berkeley.edu/NS10/PPT/
17. http://www.career-center.org/ secondary/powerpoint/sge-parts.ppt
18. http://mcdetflw.tecom.usmc.mil
19. http://ferl.becta.org.uk/display.cfm
20. http://www.eng.fsu.edu/ME_senior_design/2002/folder14/ccd/Combustion
21. http://www.me.udel.edu
22. http://online.physics.uiuc.edu/courses/phys140
23. http://widget.ecn.purdue.edu/~yanchen/ME200/ME200-8.ppt -
32