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35. test builder population by gender and age, mid-2010

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The graph shows the water cycle in the nature. Firstly, the sun heats up the ocean
and mountains, where the water and other moisture evaporate and go into the air.
Then the water condenses into clouds due to the low temperature. Afterwards, the
cloud particles collide with each other and constantly expand due to the air
movement and become the precipitation falling from the sky. Together with the
melting snow and waterfall, this water will flow back to ocean and forest again.
Then this cycle starts again.

In cold winters, the water might form the snow while the snow melts in warm
weather generating water flowing back to ocean again.

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115 how students pay for their college

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mph: miles per hour

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Repeat Sentence

Repeat Sentence

1. Our class is divided into two groups, you come with me, and the others stay here.

2. Students identification cards will be issued today and tomorrow.

3. The concepts in this thesis were not new.

4. Our group is meeting tomorrow in the library conference room.

5. Our class will be divided into three groups.

Retell Lecture:

1. Infinite monkey theorem

1

The infinite monkey theorem states that a monkey hitting keys at random on a typewriter
keyboard for an infinite amount of time will almost surely type a given text, such as the
complete works of William Shakespeare.

In this context, "almost surely" is a mathematical term with a precise meaning, and the
"monkey" is not an actual monkey, but a metaphor for an abstract device that produces a
random sequence of letters ad infinitum. The theorem illustrates the perils of reasoning
about infinity by imagining a vast but finite number, and vice versa. The probability of a
monkey exactly typing a complete work such as Shakespeare's Hamlet is so tiny that the
chance of it occurring during a period of time of the order of the age of the universe is
minuscule, but not zero.

But technologies can help monkeys to write. If the monkeys are given a pen and some
papers to spell the word monkey, they can only scratch on the paper. By contrast, if
they are given a typewriter, it will take them over 10 years to produce the right spelling.
However, if they can use computer programing, they can finish the task within a day.

2:

This illustration often used is the one that the monkey and the typewriters. OK, we have a
monkey siting at a typewriter and the claim here is basically if you leave chance in time
long enough you will get life. Dont worry about it, yes, its strange, yes its wonderful, but
leaves enough matter 600 million years on earth and you will have life. So, the monkey
sitting at the typewriter, the chances are eventually he produces the complete works of
Shakespeare but he doesnt manage to do it in 600 million years. So what I decide to do
is to run the numbers. I instead of saying typing the complete work of Shakespeare. I just
run the numbers for how long would it take a monkey typing one key striker a second. To
type to be or not to be that is the question, right? On average how long is it gonna take
my monkey friend one keystroke a second. I dont know how you think it would be. Maybe
you could have a guess. Would it be less or more than 600 million years, which is the
period life on earth isnt supposed to have emerge within and when I run the numbers to
be or not to be is the question takes 12.6 trillion trillion trillion years to type just that
phrase and a DNA string that something of that complexity emerges by chance
undirected within 600 million years? Again, it's mathematically possible but it's so
incredible unlikely that it would have that it tilts me in favor of the Christian story in which
God creating life, simply a question of saying let that be and there was.

https://goo.gl/tnPAsg

2. Ear receiver

https://goo.gl/4tBeZO

Youve got sound receptors in your ear and they are beautiful. Were not going
to talk about them at any length, but theres little flappy, these little spiky things going
along in your ear and they can translate vibrational energy coming from your ear, hurting
your eardrum, being translated into a vibration into the fluid in your ear into a physical
motion of these little receptors there into an electrical motion, into an electrical signal that
goes into your ear.

So, all of that, all of thats pretty impressive stuff. Were not going to talk about the details
of it, but I invite some of you who want to learn more about this, particularly MIT students
I think find receptors really quite remarkable kinds of devices.

3. Haussmann's renovation of Paris

1789 , , ,
,

more light, make city safer, drain the sewage

Napoleon III instructed Haussmann to bring air and light to the center of the
city, to unify the different neighborhoods with boulevards, and to make the city more
beautiful. It included the demolition of crowded and unhealthy medieval neighborhoods,
the building of wide avenues, parks and squares, the annexation of the suburbs
surrounding Paris, and the construction of new sewers, fountains and aqueducts.
Haussmann's work met with fierce opposition, and he was finally dismissed by Napoleon
III in 1870; but work on his projects continued until 1927. The street plan and distinctive
appearance of the center of Paris today is largely the result of Haussmann's renovation.

This lecture mainly talks about the renovation of Paris in 1890s. The
renovation was a vast public program commissioned by Napoleon the third and directed
by Haussmann. Napoleon the third instructed Haussmann to bring air and light to the
center of Paris and to drain the sewage. And he also asked Haussmann to plant more
trees, build roads and to make the city safer. The reason for doing this was that the old
Paris had many serious problems such as overcrowding, diseases and crimes.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhYkw-w4JiE

4. Galaxy

NASA

Hubble images of the galaxy are copyright free and are used by websites, media and

newspaper etc.

The picture has been produced thousand times

The greatest mystery is the darkness between each galaxy which every scientist is trying
to understand.

: This lecture is about the darkness between the galaxies. The speaker first
mentioned a picture of galaxy that comes from NASA to explain the darkness between
the galaxies. This picture is copyright free and are used by websites, newspaper, and
magazines. Then the speaker mentioned the gaps between the galaxies are not dark, the
reason why we cannot see anything is because our eyes are not able to detect the
infrared light/low frequency light. Finally, the speaker mentioned that the darkness among
galaxies still remained mysterious to us that every scientist is trying to understand.

5. Dimension

How to use dimension in specific location

Dimension is the number of points required to describe a position.

5 1.longitude, 2.latitude, 3 altitude, 4.time, 5. etc

One dimensionlongitude , near equator

Two dimension: longitude latitude , on the surface

Two dimensional space means requiring two numbers to describe a position. For
example, sphere on earth requires two figures, i.e. latitude and longitude and time.

Three dimension: longitude latitudealtitude , over the surface

Four dimension longitude, latitude, altitude and time , in the space, the
four dimensional space takes the time into account as the 4th parameter.

more dimension to specify the location

6. Welsh speaker

Welsh is a Celtic language spoken in Wales by about 740,000 people, and in the Welsh
colony in Patagonia, Argentina by several hundred people. There are also Welsh
speakers in England, Scotland, Canada, the USA, Australia and New Zealand.

At the beginning of the 20th century about half of the population of Wales spoke Welsh as
an everyday language. Towards the end of the century, the proportion of Welsh speakers
had fallen to about 20%. According to the 2001 census 582,368 people can speak Welsh,
659,301 people can either speak, read or write Welsh, and 797,717 people, 28% of the
population, claimed to have some knowledge of the language.

According to a survey carried out by S4C, the Welsh language TV channel, the number of
Welsh speakers in Wales is around 750,000, and about 1.5 million people can
'understand' Welsh. In addition there are an estimated 133,000 Welsh speakers living in
England, about 50,000 of them in the Greater London area.
more widespread planting of Arabica beans, the development of mixed--bean coffees,
7. Bomb calorimeter thermo mechanics

bomb calorimeter

sample

The nutritional value of food can be measured on many different scales. The most basic
measurement scale is the free energy content of the food.

How much energy is released when chemical bonds within the food are broken?

The energy content of food is measured in calories, the amount of kinetic energy
required to raise the temperature of one ml of water, one degree C.

Food is burned under controlled conditions, breaking chemical bonds, and releasing
free energy.

The burning is chemically similar to the breakdown of food in cellular respiration

although the process occurs much more quickly and in a less controlled fashion during
ignition.
more widespread planting of Arabica beans, the development of mixed--bean coffees,

8. Western countries child birth rate

Child birth rates 2000 1 %

10.

1985

Used to isolate from North America/UK

China is 2nd largest exporter to Japan

Chinas rise changed situation, influenced Australia

Australia should take advantage of Chinas rise

more widespread planting of Arabica beans, the development of mixed--bean coffees,

11. Non-governmental organization (NGO)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AGpe2_HiHHQ

12. Western countries expenditure on education institutions

()

UK 1.04% of its GDP

Finland

European countries. UK spent 1.04% of its GDP on education institutions, which was
insufficient as compared to other European countries including Italy, Denmark and Spain.
The expenditure of Italy and France is close to that of UK. By contrast, Denmark and
Finland spent much more than the rest of the European countries.
more widespread planting of Arabica beans, the development of mixed--bean coffees,
13. Coffee

2nd largest industry. Coffee profit

Colombia /

Coffee was introduced to Vietnam in 1857 by the French and slowly grew as
producer of coffee in Asia. The height of coffee production occurred in the early 20th
century as small-scale production shifted towards plantations. The first instant coffee
plant, Coronel Coffee Plant, was established in Bin Ha, ng Nai Province in 1969,
with a production capacity of 80 tons per year.

The Vietnam War disrupted production of coffee in the Bun Ma Thut region, the plateau
on which the industry was centered.[2] Although seldom involved in conflict, the area was
a crossroads between North and South and was largely depopulated. After the North
Vietnamese victory, the industry, like most agriculture, was collectivized, limiting private
enterprise and resulting in low production.

Following i mi reforms in 1986, privately owned enterprise was once again permitted,
resulting in a surge of growth in the industry. Cooperation between growers, producers
and government resulted in branding finished coffees and exporting products for retail. It
was during this time that many new companies involved in coffee production were
established, including k Lk-based Trung Nguyn in 1996 and Highlands Coffee in
1998. Both of these continued on to establish major brands distributed through a
widespread network of coffee shops. By the late 1990s, Vietnam had become the world's
#2 coffee producer after Brazil, but production was largely focused on Robusta beans-
considered inferior to Arabica due to their bitterness-for export as a commodity. Recent
government initiatives have sought to improve the quality of coffee exports, including
and specialty coffee such as kopi luwak (Vietnamese: c ph chn, "weasel coffee").

By 2000, coffee production had grown to 900,000 tons per year. Price decreases,
however, led annual production to drop to around 600,000 tons/year in 2003.[3] In 2009,
Reuters reported Vietnamese coffee exports at "an estimated 1.13 million tonnes" for the
previous year, stating that coffee was second only to rice in value of agro-products
exported from Vietnam.

The country's 2013/2014 coffee crop is expected to be a bumper harvest of around 17

million to 29.5 million 60-kg bags. Such a large production will add to a global oversupply
of beans and will pressure coffee prices which have lost about 10 percent since October
2012. The country's coffee industry has taken a hit; of the 127 local coffee export firms
that operated in 2012, 56 have ceased trading or shifted to other businesses after having
more widespread planting of Arabica beans, the development of mixed--bean coffees,
taken out loans they can't repay. A few firms, such as Vietnam's top coffee exporter the
Intimex Group, will benefit from the 2013 harvest. Intimex accounts for a quarter of the
country's coffee exports and made $1.2 billion in revenue in 2012.

The amount of non-performing loans or debts in the coffee sector likely to go unpaid
stands at 8 trillion dong ($379 million), which is around 60 percent of all loans for the
coffee industry in Vietnam

The lecture is about the changes that have taken place in coffee production.
As compared with , coffee production has increased to ( ). The huge
demand of Europe and America has made Vietnam the second biggest producer which
has greatly affected Columbias production. By contrast, the output of Central America is
witnessing drastic decrease. Apart from that peoples drinking habit is also undergoing
changes. For example

14. Frog

: Pie chart three frogs (, 35% frogs with .../without ...)

, limbs ,,
,
,

Frogs are a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short--bodied, tailless

amphibians composing the order Anura (Ancient Greek an-, without + oura, tail). The
oldest fossil "proto-frog" appeared in the early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular
clock dating suggests their origins may extend further back to the Permian, 265 million
providential understanding of history would concur with Churchill's self-understanding.
years ago. Frogs are widely distributed, ranging from the tropics to subarctic regions, but
the greatest concentration of species diversity is found in tropical rainforests. There are
approximately 4,800 recorded species, accounting for over 85% of extant amphibian
species. They are also one of the five most diverse vertebrate orders. Besides living in
fresh water and on dry land, the adults of some species are adapted for living
underground or in trees.

Adult frogs generally have a carnivorous diet consisting of small invertebrates, but
omnivorous species exist and a few feed on fruit. Frogs are extremely efficient at
converting what they eat into body mass. They are an important food source for predators
and part of the food web dynamics of many of the world's ecosystems. The skin is semi--
permeable, making them susceptible to dehydration, so they either live in moist places
or have special adaptations to deal with dry habitats. Frogs produce a wide range of
vocalizations, particularly in their breeding season, and exhibit many different kinds of
complex behaviours to attract mates, to fend off predators and to generally survive. Frog
populations have declined significantly since the 1950s. More than one third of species
are considered to be threatened with extinction and over one hundred and twenty are
believed to have become extinct since the 1980s. The number of malformations among
frogs is on the rise and an emerging fungal disease, chytridiomycosis, has spread around
the world. Conservation biologists are working to understand the causes of these
problems and to resolve them. Frogs are valued as food by humans and also have many
cultural roles in literature, symbolism and religion.

16.

The Right Honorable Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, KG, OM, CH,
FRS, PC (November 30, 1874 January 24, 1965) was a British statesman, best known
as prime minister of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. At various times
a soldier, journalist, author, and politician, Churchill is generally regarded as one of the
most important leaders in British and world history. Considered reactionary on some
issues, such as granting independence to Britain's colonies and at times regarded as a
self--promoter who changed political parties to further his career, it was his wartime
leadership that earned him iconic status. Some of his peacetime decisions, such as
restoring the Gold Standard in 1924, were disastrous as was his World War I decision to
land troops on the Dardanelles. However, during 1940, when Britain alone opposed
Hitler's Nazi Germany in the free world, his stirring speeches inspired, motivated, and
uplifted a whole people during their darkest hour.

Churchill saw himself as a champion of democracy against tyranny, and was profoundly
aware of his own role and destiny. Indeed, he believed that God had placed him on earth
to carry out heroic deeds for the protection of Christian civilization and human progress. A
Considered old-- fashioned, even reactionary by some people today, he was actually a
providential understanding of history would concur with Churchill's self-understanding.
visionary whose dream was of a united world, beginning with a union of the English--
speaking peoples, then embracing all cultures. In his youth, he cut a dashing figure as a
cavalry officer as seen in the 1972 film Young Winston (directed by Richard Attenborough),
but the images of him that are the most widely remembered are as a rather overweight,
determined, even pugnacious looking senior statesman as he is depicted to the right.

17. Hallucination and personality Hallucination

: A mild form of hallucination is known as a disturbance, and can occur in most

of the senses above. These may be things like seeing movement in peripheral vision, or
hearing faint noises and/or voices. Auditory hallucinations are very common in
schizophrenia. They may be benevolent (telling the subject good things about themselves)
or malicious, cursing the subject etc. Auditory hallucinations of the malicious type are
frequently heard, for example people talking about the subject behind his/her back. Like
auditory hallucinations, the source of the visual counterpart can also be behind the
subject's back. Their visual counterpart is the feeling of being looked or stared at, usually
with malicious intent. Frequently, auditory hallucinations and their visual counterpart are
experienced by the subject together.

18.

Language dies outglobalisation urbanisation

move to urban areashard for small languages to suvive

19. Urbanization

urbanisation,
 food trade city

The development of urbanization. Agriculture. One farmer grow food can benefit many
families in the city. A lot of people don't want to live in countryside anymore.

People tend to move to city to make a life in city, then they start losing jobs.

20. Amory Lovins

ft

sort out problems by technologies

https://www.ted.com/talks/amory_lovins_a_50_year_plan_for_energy

Amory Bloch Lovins (born November 13, 1947)[1] is an American physicist,

environmental scientist, writer, and Chairman/Chief Scientist of the Rocky Mountain
Institute. He has worked in the field of energy policy and related areas for four decades.
He was named by Time magazine one of the World's 100 most influential people in 2009.

Lovins worked professionally as an environmentalist in the 1970s and since then as an

analyst of a "soft energy path" for the United States and other nations. He has promoted
energy efficiency, the use of renewable energy sources, and the generation of energy at
or near the site where the energy is actually used. Lovins has also advocated a "negawatt
revolution" arguing that utility customers dont want kilowatt-hours of electricity; they want
energy services. In the 1990s, his work with Rocky Mountain Institute included the design
of an ultra-efficient automobile, the Hypercar.

Lovins does not see his energy ideas as green or left-wing, and he is an advocate of
private enterprise and free market economics. He notes that Rupert Murdoch has made
News Corporation carbon-neutral, with savings of millions of dollars. But, says Lovins,
large institutions are becoming more "gridlocked and moribund", and he supports the rise
of "citizen organizations" around the world.

Lovins has received ten honorary doctorates and won many awards. He has provided
expert testimony in eight countries, briefed 19 heads of state, and published 31 books.
These books include Reinventing Fire, Winning the Oil Endgame, Small is Profitable,
Brittle Power, and Natural Capitalism.

22. International environmental law

pose legal duty

international environmental law climate change

globally and locally

human activities on environment industrial revolutionimprove employee

health

cost

Theory of Adam Smith,

Adam Smith theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Theory_of_Moral_Sentiments

23.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mu6fG5dRG8M
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iM0IyY5Ycgo

24. Education leadership

Education leadership , speaker non--fiction writer

novelist.

25.

7 20%

26. Walterson

walterson

27. Animal survive

Animal survive and reproduce factors: temperature tolerance, body size, behaviour,
altitude they live

Species that tolerance of temperature to survive and reproduce.

28.

, control, change lifestyle

The drug company has doubled the amount of money spent in ads. The information of
the drug ads is accurate but the tone is misleading the consumers to see doctor and ask
for prescription to buy these drugs. Also the change in the lifestyle also contributes to this
trend.
30. High LG & low LG

1https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iOVKkSIOVPQ
2https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-tqAS8aKoIc

high/low licking groming

Low increase heart disease,alcoholismdecrease

about development of people handle stressrelated to stress reactivity

Some mother rats spend a lot of time licking, grooming, and nursing their pups. Others
seem to ignore their pups. Highly nurtured rat pups tend to grow up to be calm adults,
while rat pups who receive little nurturing tend to grow up to be anxious.

It turns out that the difference between calm and an anxious rat is not geneticit's
epigenetic. The nurturing behavior of a mother rat during the first week of life shapes her
pups' epigenomes. And the epigenetic pattern that mom establishes tends to stay put,
even after the pups become adults.

31.open border

 developed countries should open gate so that people from developing countries can go
to developed countries. They can get richer

Economic: people in developing countries can work in developed countries

Humanity: allow more freedom, and other aspects

People from developing countries can work in developed countries, so that there are four
benefits:
1) it is humane to people in developing world
2) it gives more freedom to those people
3) The economic benefit is that local people become richer
4) Lastly, XXX (,

32. Student loan

college degree

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ptFA-
ceVPSQ&index=5&list=PL6eQzed-dn87upRdnPzT7csww9TyKaOHt

33. Creativity

Creativity: 3 person process product process

Have 3 stages: create person, create process and create problem. Human beings can
survive because their creativity

34.

1880

35. Darker energy (black hole, big bang, unknown energy)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy
https://goo.gl/BF2AjK

36. Brain development

perception
cognition

Brain development, cognitive, 3 factors, (graph very useful)

cognitive last longer

37. Einstein

Einsteinin the past people believed that universe was absolutely fixed and
unchanged. This has been transformed by Einstein, concept of transformation

Stars and planet change, continuous dynamical changes ,is changing all the time

Not the first person who proposed this theory.

38. Boy and girls

Grades of math and English for boys and girls.

6%

In English, girls outperform boys. In math, boys and girls have no real difference.

pattern recognizing abilities

There are three factors. biological and social factor have closely linked.

39. 100 CEO

Survey with 100 CEO

which area of activity should contribute most effort

IT, because it time consuming and complex

Other two aspects are marketing of sales and financial management.

40. Monitor Underwater fish

Camera: see the fish, find out why they dont eat.

Remote technology system

camera

monitor

And feed them if necessary in some situation

This lecture talks about monitoring the underwater fish with the aid of remote
technology. The speaker first mentioned that it allows the monitoring of water
temperature and watching fish through a screen in university. The speaker then
mentioned when you feed the fish but find them not respond, which means the fish might
be stressful and you should stop feeding.
41. thermodynamic theories

Thermodynamics and kinetic theory

Kinetic theory

matter contains particles and quite a lot of space between them these particles always
move

if the particles are very close to each other, they repel and if they are further apart, they
attract

Thermodynamics

It deals with systems that are able to transfer thermal energy into at least one other form of
energy (mechanical, electrical) or into work.

* Kinetic /k'netk/ adj. ()

Thermodynamics

42.

30

European females do not want to give birth to babies

43. DNA RNA

Biology provided profound insight into lives. All the organisms on the earth are based on
similar DNA, RNA to storage and transfer genetic information. They all share the same
chemical components, molecules and chemical reactions generating energy. They all
have metabolism.

44.

3 Stages of Brain Development - Brain development during childhood, there are three
stages, starting from the primitive brain (the action brain), limbic brain (feeling brain), and
finally to the neocortex (thought brain).
Although interrelated, the three had its own function. Primitive brain functions to manage
the physical to survive, manage reflex, motor motion control, monitoring body functions,
and process information coming from sensing. Limbic brain functioning as a liaison to
process emotions and the brain thinks, and the primitive brain.

While the thinking brain, which is the most objective part of the brain, receiving input from
the primitive brain and the limbic brain. However, he needed more time to process
information from the primitive brain and the limbic brain. The brain thinks the merger is
also a place of experience, memory, feeling, and thinking ability to give birth to ideas and
actions.

Nerve myelination of the brain take place in sequence, starting from the primitive brain,
the limbic brain, and brain thought. Neural pathways are more frequently used to make
more myelin thicken. Increasingly thicker myelin, the faster the nerve impulses or signals
travel along nerves. Therefore, a growing child is encouraged to receive input from the
environment in accordance with its development.

45. Wind power

A device that can convert wind to mechanism energy, which we can use the water power
pump or electricity generator. That the power the turbine creates is obviously depend on
the wind speed, it also obviously depends on the number of sails, the area of the sails and
the angles that the sails make to the wind. As bending the angle of the blades, the wind
hits them and could turn the blades. And you can use that for powering things. We could
make simple windmills to drive electronical devices.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zpoESMVZbJU

46. Extinction of minor language

Because of urbanization, people in the rural areas move to the cities, where is not
suitable for the existence of minor language. Only on the isolated island, minor language
could exist.

47. Reform- Latin America Latin America economics growth globalization

48. Marshmallow test

They call it the "marshmallow test." A four- to six-year-old-child sits alone in a room at a
table facing a marshmallow on a plate. The child is told: "If you dont eat this treat for 15
minutes you can have both it and a second one." Kids on average wait for five or six
minutes before eating the marshmallow. The longer a child can resist the treat has been
correlated with higher general competency later in life.

Now a study shows that ability to resist temptation isnt strictly innateits also highly
influenced by environment.
Researchers gave five-year-olds used crayons and one sticker to decorate a sheet of
paper. One group was promised a new set of art supplies for the projectbut then never
received it. But the other group did receive new crayons and better stickers.

Then both groups were given the marshmallow test. The children who had been lied to
waited for a mean time of three minutes before eating the marshmallow. The group that
got their promised materials resisted an average of 12 minutes.

Thus, the researchers note that experience factors into a childs ability to delay
gratification. When previous promises have been hollow, why believe the next one?

49. Mega city

population increase 4 folds from 1.5 billion to 6 billion

increasefolds, 75% waste

2%land

This lecture talks about the increasing global population, which has started to
threaten our environment. The speaker first mentioned that the population has increased
4 folds from 1.5 billion to 6 billion from 1900 to 2000. Whats worse; half population has
consumed 75% of global natural resources.

50. Michael Meaney

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Meaney

51. Community-HIV in India

Community health worker need advice and training, especially in HIV and other diseases.
Training given by professional organization can effectively prevent the spread of disease.
Indian has quarterly meetings. However, large workshops and seminars are not
necessary in some cities.

52.

This lecture talks about the earth's last climate shift. The speaker first mentioned that
climate is defined as consistent pattern of weather over the significant periods of time and
changes when energy balance of the earth is disturbed. Then he said the system is
complex and it would involve several different mechanisms operating at the same time.
Finally, one example is mentioned that when volcanos erupt, they disperse particles into
upper atmosphere and cools the earth's surface.

53.

There are many stars in the galaxy. Some stars temperature is very high so they self-
burned. Other stars are very cold. There are average 7 new stars in the galaxy every year.
Only 20% are suitable, so every 5 years there will be a new suitable star.
54.

It is wrong, however, to exaggerate the similarity between language and other cognitive
skills, because language stands apart in several ways. For one thing, the use of language
is universalall normally developing children learn to speak at least one language, and
many learn more than one. By contrast, not everyone becomes proficient at complex
mathematical reasoning, few people learn to paint well, and many people cannot carry a
tune. Because everyone is capable of learning to speak and understand language, it may
seem to be simple. But just the opposite is truelanguage is one of the most complex of
all human cognitive abilities.

http://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/language-and-brain

56. Industrialization/urbanization resource and waste

57. 2 2

Farmers get subsidies from government 10million 2

Answer short questions

1. What organ do cardiologists specialize in? Heart

2. If telescopes are used to locate distant objects, what instrument is employed to

magnify miniscule objects?Microscope

3. Which kind of punishment for a crime is the less severe, an imprisonment or

community service?Community service

4. How many sides are there in a bilateral agreement? Two

5. A manufacturing process releases noxious gases. What is the most important

safety measure for workers at this plant- ensuring good ventilation, or appropriate
footwear? (Ensuring good) ventilation

6. A list of events placed in time order is usually described as what? A

chronology/a timeline

7. If a figure is hexagonal, how many sides does it have? Six

8. What key mineral makes seawater different from fresh water? Salt

9. In the animal kingdom, is the purpose of camouflage to attract a mate, to find food
or to hide? Hide

10. Which section of a train timetable will tell you what time your train leaves?

Departures

11. What do we call the list of steps that tell you how to put something together?

Instructions

12. What do we call the meeting where an employer asks a potential employee
questions about their work experience? Interview

13. What desk should you go to when you first arrive to stay at a hotel?
Reception/Check-in

14. What is the job title of someone who designs buildings? Architect

15. What term is used for the amount of money you pay a landlord for living in their
house or apartment? Rent

16. What do we call the first meal of the day? Breakfast

17. What word is used for someone who watches a sports event? Spectator

18. What object would you use to climb up to the roof of a house? Ladder
19. If you dont feel like eating, what do we say you dont have? Appetite

20. What do we call the organs in our chest that we use to breathe? Lungs

21. If someone lives in an urban area, where do they live?City/Town

22. What does a king or queen wear on their head at official ceremonies? Crown

23. What do we call a book that contains lots of words with their meanings? Dictionary

24. What is the source of solar energy? The sun

25. When the writer of a book is unknown, what word is used for the author?
Anonymous

26. What do we call a company or organization that gives money to a sports or arts
event in exchange for advertising? Sponsor

27. What do we call the study of living things? Biology/Ecology

28. What are winter, spring, summer and autumn? Seasons

29. What is a collective term for cows and bulls, especially on a farm? Cattle

30. If something is not expensive, what do we say it is? Cheap

31. What do people wear if they cant see very well? Glasses/contact lenses

32. If something such as fabric or medicine is artificially made, not natural, what do we
say it is? Artificial/Manmade synthesis

33. What type of food is an apple? Fruit

34. How many months are in a year? Twelve

35. What is the opposite of east? West

36. When ice is at room temperature, what does it become? Water/liquid

37. Which sweet food is produced by bees? Honey

38. Where can people go to borrow books? Library

39. Who serves food in a restaurant? Waiter/Waitress

40. What is the word in geometry for a shape that has three sides? Triangle

41. What do you call the alphabetical list at the end of a textbook that tells you where
to find specific information? Index

42. What is the word for the place where a river starts? Source
43. Who is the main journalist responsible for producing a newspaper or magazine?

Editor

44. A business doesnt want to make a loss what does it want to make? Profit

45. What is the economic sector that deals with farming? Agriculture

46. What do you call the very long essay that students have to write for a doctoral
degree? Thesis/Dissertation

47. What is the word for a period of one hundred years? Century

48. At what ceremony do students receive their degree or diploma at the end of their
period of study? Graduation

49. What do we call the date that a piece of work must be finished by? Deadline/Due
Date

50. How many years are there in a decade? Ten (years). What do we call a period of
10 years? (A) Decade.

51. Which section of a newspaper gives the editors opinion? Editorial

52. What instrument would you use to examine very small objects or live forms?
microscope

53. What is the destructive program that spreads from computer to computer? A virus

54. What term is used for animals such as humans that usually give birth to live young,
mammals or reptiles? Mammals

55. What do you call a system of government in which people vote for the people who
will represent them? democracy

56. What do we call the piece of paper that proves you have bought an item? a
receipt

57. What do you call the document that gives you details about your qualifications and
work experience? resume/CV

58. How would you describe an economy based largely on farming? agricultural

59. What is the study of the stars and planets called? astronomy

60. In business and advertising, what does PR stand for? public relations

61. What emergency service is usually called when someone is in trouble at sea,
ambulance or coastguard? Coastguard

62. Name a month that falls between April and June. May
63. What word describes moving a program or other material from a website to your
computer? download

64. What do we call a picture that a doctor takes to see inside your body? an X--
ray

65. What crime has someone stealing items from a shop committed: shopfitting or
shoplifting? shoplifting

66. If someone is feeling a little ill, they may say they are feeling under the what?
weather

67. Who is the person in charge of a football match? a referee

68. What do we call the last game in a sporting competition which decides the
champion? the final

69. What is the general term for paintings of the countryside or natural views?

landscapes

70. Which of these would probably be found in an office, a printer, a blanket or a nail
brush? a printer

71. What is a painting of a persons head usually called? a portrait

72. Where would you find an urban area, in a city or in countryside? in a city

73. What do we call it when the moon completely blocks out the light from the Sun? an
solar eclipse

74. What point of the compass is directly opposite east? west

75. Where do you pay for your purchases at a supermarket? checkout

76. What do you call an apartment that is below ground level, a basement apartment
or a penthouse apartment? a basement apartment

77. What feature do pianos and computers have in common? a keyboard

78. If you are feeling fed up, is it a positive or a negative feeling? a negative feeling

79. What do we call a period of ten years? a decade

80. A specialist who repairs leaking water pipes is called a..? plumber

81. A famous canal links the Mediterranean Sea with the Indian Ocean. Is it the
Corinth or the Suez Canal? the Suez Canal

82. Where would you store meat you wish to keep frozen at home? in a freezer
83. What is the most important document you have to show when you want to hire a
car? drivers licence, or driving licence
84. Where would you go to work out on a treadmill? gymnasium

85. What piece of equipment would you use to go diving in the sea, an aqualung or an
aquaplane? an aqualung

86. Where would you most likely go to buy some flour, a bakery, a florist or a
supermarket?

a supermarket

87. Which hospital department would you go to for an X--ray, radiology or cardiology?
radiology

88. Where would you go to see an exhibition of sculpture? an art gallery/a museum

89. Would you measure the volume of bottled water in liters or kilos? in liters

90. Whats the joint called where your hand is connected to your arm? wrist

91. Who would you consult to treat a fear of crowded places, a philosopher or a
psychologist? a psychologist

92. How would most people travel to work each day in big cities like Hong Kong,
Tokyo and New York? by public transportation

93. Would a supermarket, a caf or a bookstore probably have the widest range of
products available? a supermarket

94. In which room of their home would someone usually wash their clothes? in the
bathroom

95. Despite all the advances in equality between the sexes, would more men or
women play professional football? more men

96. Which main branch of science deals with classification of living things? biology

97. In most universities, there are two ways of being assessed, one is orally, the other
is through? written assignments

98. Name a month that falls between September and November. October

99. Would a town, a village or a city probably cover the largest area? a city

100. Which of these would probably be found in most homes around the world, a
computer, a bed or a television? a bed

101. What does the main difference between a wristwatch and a clock relate to? their
relative sizes
102. Would it be better to jogging at noon or in the early morning, if you wanted to avoid
the hottest part of the day?in the early morning

103. In which century did the automobile become manufactured on a mass scale? the

20th century

104. Name a country located in North America. the United States

105. Some calendars begin the week on Sunday, what is the other day which
commonly starts a week? Monday

106. Where would you go to see exhibits of dinosaurs? a museum

107. Which country is in the southern hemisphere, Australia or Canada? Australia

108. In which season would people be least likely to go snow skiing? in summer

109. Which of these was last to be explored, the Himalyas, the moon or Australia?
the moon

110. Would letter or email be the fastest way to get a message to your professor? email

111. Jane and Peter have three children, they are 4, 13 and 15 years old, they only
have one son who is the youngest child, how old is their middle child? 13 years old

112. Which would be better to report the population of a major global city, hundreds,
millions or billions? millions

113. This work is due for submission, one month from 15 June. On what date should it
be submitted? the 15th (of) July

114. What is the quickest way to travel from Hong Kong to Paris? by plane

115. What is the name for a huge natural body that orbits the sun? a planet

116. What can be added to a drink to cool it down on a hot day? ice

117. What special document do most people traveling between on country to another
need to carry? a passport

118. What kind of equipment is used to protect motorbike riders brain from injury? a
helmet

119. What is the last thing to do when baking a cake? cook it in the oven

120. Would you go to a pharmacy or a surgery to get a prescription filled after visiting a
doctor? a pharmacy

121. There are two main ways to pay for goods bought in a shop, one is by cash, the
other is by? credit card
122. How many days are in a leap year? 366

123. To improve their health and fitness, most people either try to improve their dietor?

do more physical exercise

124. Will it be better to use km or kg to measure the distance between two cities?
kilometer

125. The large island just off the coast of mainland Europe is the home to which country?

the United Kingdom

126. How many years are there in a century?

100 (years). What do we call a period of 100 years? (A) century.

127. How many years does it take to finish undergraduate study? Three or four years.

128. In which direction does the sun rise? East.

129. Which was invented earlier, computer, telephone or typewriter? Typewriter.

130. What shall we call the person who decides if a person is guilty in the court?

Judge

131. What is the opposite of southeast? Northwest.

132. What is the month between January and March? February.

133. What is the opposite/antonym of vertical? Horizontal.

134. Name a city in the U.S. New York/Washington/Boston... Name a country in

North America. The U.S./Canada/Mexico

135. How many times a year is a quarterly journal published? Four

136. A lack of which kind of weather causes drought, dry weather or rainy weather
Rainy weather

137. Which is usually considered against the law? Use of illicit drugs or use of
prescribed medication? Use of illicit drugs

138. When would it be safe to take medication which causes drowsiness, before
sleeping, driving or operating machinery? Before sleeping

139. Which instrument is used to measure variations in temperature? Thermometer

140. When you create a table, the data in horizontal dimension is organized in rows and
the data in vertical dimension is organized in what? Line
141. Where is the natural habitat of animals classified as aquatic, in the land, in the sea
or in the sky?In the sea

142. Which of the 5 senses are you using, if you detect the odour of gas in a laboratory
or in your kitchen? Smell

143. How many people are there in a quartet? Four

144. To which of our sense do all of the following words relate, opaque, vivid, brilliant,
shiny?sense ofvision

145. In a recession, does economic activity increase or slow down? Slowdown

146. In medical terms, are antibodies harmful or beneficial for patients?

Beneficial

147. Would a person suffering problems with their vision consult a biologist or an
optometrist? (An) optometrist

148. Would fresh milk last longer in a fridge or in a cool cupboard? (a) Fridge

149. Historians use evidence to draw conclusions about the past, would a
contemporary artists painting of an ancient battle be an original source or secondary
source? (a) Secondary (source)

150. One is the subject of study at a culinary institute: cooking (culinary

)

151. Where would you expect to find equipment like microscopes, bounce and burner,
beaker and petri dish? (beaker microscope burner ) laboratory

152. What is the name of the field of study that studies the human mind and behavior?
Psychology

153. A planet or a galaxy that is very distant can be seen with what device? Telescope

154. When was the tractor invented? (With Table) 1982

155. What happened to the paper () a gust of wind

156. Timetable

157. Which country has the biggest amount of (India.)

158. What word is used to describe frozen water? Ice

159. Which symbol is used to complete a sentence? Full stop/period

160. which of the following is different from the other three?

161. xxx
6th

162. /temperature decreaseincreasedecrease

163. economics

164. or economics

165. London

166. How many seasons are there in a year? Four

167. Who left this footprint, a bear or a wolfbird? Bear

168. What is this instrument called? Telescope

169.

170. What is 3 quarters of 100%? 75%

171. Picture (people holding a certificate) what is in the mans hand? Certificate

172. How many years are there in a decade? 10

173. invalid

174. national holiday Thanksgiving, Christmas, Halloween,

Valentines Day, April Fools Day, Labours Day, Childrens Day, Womens Day, Mothers
Day, Fathers Day

175. Wales

176. Which of the following is not a means of transportation? Car sample

177. What is inside the circle? Telephone

178. What is the subject that involves geometry and algebra? Mathematics

179. , increase

180. develop a concept

181. taxation

182.

183.
184. Table

185.

186. London

1892

187.

188. fill registration form print out before 12:00 What do you need to print
out before 12:00? Registration form

189. Which country is in the south hemisphere, Canada or AustraliaAustralia

190. What does ASAP mean? As soon as possible

191.

192. percent 50%

193.

194. 85.3%

195.

196. mammal

197. 10%not taking drugs too expensive

198. Which is better, high employment or low employment high employment

199. How do you call the person who faces you? Judge

200. What does the black square represents?students

201. What is the opposite direction of west--north? south--east

202. What is the antonym of vertical? horizontal

203. In which direction does the sun come up? east

204. Computer, telephone and typewriter, which one is first invented? typewriter

205. From where can you have a full view of a building, the outside, inside or top?
top of the building

206. How many years does it take to finish an undergraduate study? four years
207. looking at a laptop/group discussion

208. employee

209. Solar energy source the sun

210. energy wind energywind power

211. What do you call a piece of equipment we use to look at stars? Telescope

212. What is the chemical name of Gold? Mg, Au OR O2? Au

213. Image question: An image appeared on screen where people were dressed in
graduation ceremony gowns. Graduation Day

214. Paying at the counter after shopping check out

215. First of the basement/building basement

216. Fed up negative feeling

217. What microscope is used to see? living thingsorganism
218. Transfer quickly from computer to computer virus

219. Democratic government people vote

220. Dead remains of plants fossils

221. What do you need to see thing which are far away binoculars

222. Means of travelling in developed countries public transport (

word )

223. Profit means gain or loss gain

224. why people wear gloves when they do experiment?protection

225. What is the name of ...'s assistant?

226. Buying books

227. If a person is doing an experiment, what would he wear to protect his eyes?

Glasses/goggles

228. What is the quickest way to get to the 21st floor? By elevator/lift

229. Table Which two months have the same figure? May and June

230. (Four containers) Where is the biggest container?

231. liquidbottle (bottle)

232. table semester semester spring

233. bar chart 19xx female 1089

234. What does I/No. ... mean?

235. Which is the last departure train? 7:39pm

236. Which department has increased their revenue over the three years? sales

237. What is more fuel--efficient, car or truck? (Car)

238. Tons kg and stones measure what property? (weight)

239. How many courses do students have this semester? (four)

240. What do we call the time before noon?/after noon? (Morning/afternoon)

241. What kind of liquid do mammals feed their babies? (Milk)

242. Which of the following is not mammal? (with pictures) (butterfly)

243. /

244.

245. Director

246. degree application

247.

248. space

249. increase decrease

250.

251.

252.

253. the adventure of america

254. atm withdraw money

255. diameter measure sphere

256. geology

257. scattering

258. which animal is not mammal?

259. pie 1% american indian

230. 366

231. 5

232. ed200 4

233.

234. scattered

235. money

236. negative positive

237. degree application

238.

239. space

240. increase decrease

241.

242.

243.

244. the adventure of america

245. atm withdraw money

246. diameter measure sphere

247. crossword

248. Patient

249. Where you can see the whale? Ocean

250. In which step director announces? 6

 251. How many days a week? 7

252. What is the ocean on the west of American? Pacific Ocean

253. Pie chart category Category

254. Flow chart -What is the name of xx elder sister?

255. _

256. _taking a book from the shelf

257. _economics

258.

256.1-12 bar chart, bar

May and June.

259. geography

260. past events History

270.
London 18

271. four

272. ? Hearing

273. @? email address

274. table

275. on the left top corner

276. Judge

277.Power?

electricity

277. graduation ceremony.

279. line? earth moon line

280. cook

281. What is the meeting point of Sea and Sky called? Horizon
282. Two girls looking at laptop. What does the picture show?

283. Which year is tractor created? 1892