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Objectives:
Understand the difference Classification of
Communication Systems
Wired and Wireless Communication Systems
Objectives Continued
Understand the fundamental limits of
communication systems
3
Classification
Classification
Wired Wireless
6
Simplex vs Duplex
Analog vs Digital
Baseband vs Bandpass
7
Wired vs Wireless
8
Wired vs Wireless
Mobile phones have taken 50 years to reach 10% market
penetration
Wired vs Wireless
What are the challenges of wired network?
Wired vs Wireless
11
Wired vs Wireless
Low bandwidth that limits raw link capacity RF spectrum can not be
invented or created! Use it efficiently
Wired vs Wireless
13
Simplex vs Duplex
Analog vs Digital
Baseband vs Bandpass
14
Simplex Vs Duplex
What are the challenges of wired network?
Simplex Vs Duplex
How do we transmit information signals
Communication System
Unidirectional Bidirectional
(Simplex Systems) (Duplex System)
Half Full
Duplex Duplex
16
Simplex Vs Duplex
Simplex System
Transmission of communication in one direction only
Half-Duplex System
Simplex Vs Duplex
Full-Duplex System
Communication takes place in both direction
simultaneously.
Simplex vs Duplex
Analog vs Digital
Baseband vs Bandpass
19
Analog vs Digital
Analog System
Continuous valued signals
Digital System
Simplex vs Duplex
Analog vs Digital
Baseband vs Bandpass
21
Baseband vs Bandpass
Baseband
Baseband communication takes place at frequency near
DC
Bandpass
Classification
Multiple Access: More than one user over the same channel e.g., TDMA,
FDMA, CDMA, SDMA, etc.
26
Source Destination
Input Output
Transducer Transmitter Channel Receiver
Transducer
28
Input Transducer
The Transmitter
Transmission Channel
The Receiver
Output Transducer
Input Transducer
Source: Analog or digital
Example:
Speech waves Microphone Voltage
30
Transmitter
Couple the message to the channel
Transmitter
Advantages of Modulation:
Reduce noise and interference
Multiplexing
Channel Assignment
Channel
Physical medium that does the transmission
Receiver
Extracts message from the received signal
Output Transducer
Converts electrical signal into the form desired by
the system
Examples: Loudspeakers, PC
35
Classification
= and = 2
Bandwidth
Noise
39
Spectrum
Spectrum
Spectrum
Spectrum Problem
Bandwidth
= 2 (1 + )
Increasing Bandwidth
Cognitive Radio
More Channels
MIMO
48
Review Questions?
References
William Stallings, 2010, Data and Computer Communications,
9th Edition, Pearson, ISBN-10:0132172178 or ISBN-13: 978-
0132172172.