HEAVYDUTYPOROUSASPHALTSYSTEMS

DESIGN,CONSTRUCTION,
ANDQUALITYCONTROL
BEACHROADRECONSTRUCTIONPROJECT

ThomasBaird,PE,CPESC
September 10 2014
September10,2014
 BeachRoad WarrenCounty,LakeGeorge,NY

NYSDOT
Environmental&LandscapeArchitectureTrainingSeries
(
(ELATS)
)

September10,2014

Albany,NY

HeavyDutyPorousAsphaltSystems
H D t P A h lt S t D i
Design,
Construction,andQualityControl
BeachRoadReconstructionProject
 Water Quality Issues
WaterQualityIssues
RoadwaydrainsdirectlytotheLake
Roadway drains directly to the Lake
ImpairedWater Chlorides,RoadPollutants
ImpairedWater
Silt & S di
Silt&SedimentfromUrbanRunoff&Erosion
tf Ub R ff & E i
 Sediment

DeltaFormation EnglishBrook LakeGeorge

Constraints

Littletono
opportunitytoobtain
ROW
Virtuallyflatroadway
Elevation4above
LakeLevel
HighWaterTable
CurbedSection
Proposed
M i t i E i ti X S ti
MaintainExistingXSection
TargetedPollutantsandTheirSources
Sediment
AutomobileByProducts
Chlorides
hl id Salt
l
 PorousPavements
Parkingareas,accessroads,walkways,driveways,
culdesacs,urbanandsuburbanLowerSpeedroads
, p
(30mph),.NoContaminatedsites

P
PorousHMA
HMA P
PorousPCC
PCC
 PorousPavements

Parking
Parkingareas,accessroads,walkways,driveways,
areas access roads walkways driveways
culdesacs,urbanandsuburbanroads,etc.
PorousPavers
PorousAsphaltPavement
p

TheYearofPorousAsphalt:
Salem,OregonProvesTrend
WaterabsorbingPavementis
Voguein2012LANHAM,Md.,
Oct. 15,2012/PRNewswire
USNewswire

WaterAbsorbingPorousAsphalt
PavementUseIncreasesin2012
Toomanytolist

PavementThatActually
DrinksWater?|YNN

Itwasallabsorbedintothepavement
 PorousAsphaltPavement
p
Groundwaterrechargeaugmentation
RunoffReduction
Effectivepollutanttreatmentforsolids,metals,
nutrients,andhydrocarbons
LittletoNoClosedDrainageSystemNeeded
SafetyImprovements Glare,RoadSpray
ReducedHydroplaning FrictionWhenwet
ReduceddeicingMaterials ReducedBlackIce
LessSusceptibletoFrost NoCapillaryAction
NoiseReduction
 Porous Asphalt Pavement
PorousAsphaltPavement
Typically
TypicallyParkingareas,LowVolume,LowSpeed
Parking areas Low Volume Low Speed
Roads,Driveways

SimilartoOpenGradedAsphalt
CoursesusedbyNYSDOT(10FX) PorousAsphaltPavement
Not Successful
NotSuccessful USEPA
S
However,ItwasnotaPorous
AsphaltSYSTEM
 University of New Hampshire Model
UniversityofNewHampshireModel

Pervious pavement: 4-6 (10 - 15 cm) of porous asphalt

Choker Course: 4-8 (10 20 cm) minimum

Filter Course: 8 - 12 (20 - 30 cm) minimum thickness of subbase

(aka. bank run gravel or modified 304.1)

Filter Blanket: intermediate setting bed: 3 (8 cm) thickness of 3/8 (1 cm) pea gravel

Reservoir Course: 4 (10 cm) minimum thickness of 3/4 (2 cm) crushed stone for
frost protection, 4-6 (10-15 cm) diameter perforated subdrains with 2 cover

Optional-Liner for land uses where infiltration is undesirable

(e g hazardous materials handling
(e.g., handling, sole-source
sole source aquifer protection)

Native materials
 Design Criteria
DesignCriteria

AADT 8,600 RoadwayGrade<5%

5%Trucks MinimizeTrafficControl
30MPHMaxPosted DevicesandabruptSpeed
Changes
Beach Road Design Considerations
BeachRoadDesignConsiderations
InfiltrationTests 3/hrandup
D i T ffi L di 1 05 M ESALS 8600AADT,5%Trucks
DesignTrafficLoading1.05MESALS 8600 AADT 5% T k
HeavyDutyPavementSystem
Filter Course Layer (inUNHdesign)MayNotBeFeasible
FilterCourseLayer (in UNH design) May Not Be Feasible
FrostPenetrationWithhighWaterTableandLake
ConstructabilityRequirements
y q EconomicImpacttoArea
p
TargetedPrimaryPollutants
LakeBackflow IreneandLee
Contaminationfromoffsite IreneandLee
ExtremeStormPlanning IreneandLee
RedundantDrainageSystem FHWAFunded,GIGPGrant
PartsofExistingDrainageSystempermanentlyunderwater
 East End
EastEnd
Sediment
Formed
Delta

OffSite
Sandand
Salt
NYSDEC
ForestPreserve
 East End Profile
EastEndProfile

12.75%

5.75%
Downstream Defender
DownstreamDefender
Downstream Defender
DownstreamDefender
 DownstreamDefender
10ft.DiameterProprietaryStructure 25CFSCapacity,8.5CYSedimentStorage
NYSDEC SaysNeed80%TSSRemoval&NJDEPApproval
However,NJDEPTestsat50%TSSRemovalApprovedDD=>7CFS.(10Unit)
NoNJDEPTestsat80%
WQv Treatment(0.22ac
Treatment (0 22 acft)
ft)forcontributingArea
for contributing Area =WQv
WQv FlowRateRequirementof4.0CFS
Flow Rate Requirement of 4 0 CFS

HmmAt7.0CFSwehave50%TSSRemoval,Thenat4.0CFSwemusthavemore

Manufacturers Specssclaim95%
ManufacturersSpec claim 95% TSSRemoval@4.0CFS.
TSS Removal @ 4 0 CFS

TestResultsfromNJDEPTestingratedtheDDat70%RemovalEfficiencybyextrapolating
theresultsfromthetested4DiameterUnittothe10DiameterUnitusingthe
following Equation: (Q =gpm,D
followingEquation:(Q gpm, D =feet)10
feet) 10unit
unit =11CFS
11 CFS

Q=502(D/4)^2.5
NYSDOTSpecifications ITEM604.5102nn15(SerializedbyMaxFlowRate)

80%TSSRemovalforWQv Storm
PasstheDesignYearStorm=10Year,24hour=>13.7CFS(100yr=19.6CFS)
Use 10DiameterUnit=25CFSCapacity,SedimentStorage
Use10 Diameter Unit = 25 CFS Capacity Sediment Storage
ManufacturersSpecs 50%TSSRemovalat25CFS
80%TSSRemovalRateat15CFS
 West Brook
WestBrook

0.0in/hrInfiltration/
U D
UseDownstreamDefendersforthisareaaswell
t D f d f thi ll

WestBrook
WestEnd PorousPavement

WestEnd

InfiltrationtestsshowAvg.
of3perhour

WestBrook NYSDEC
EastEnd
Beach Road Section
BeachRoadSection
StoneCourses
 StoneCourses

#2=Stabilization&Choker 4A=ReservoirCourse
 TestPanel
1000SF=10x100

ConstructedExactly
asProposed
Roadway
d

PracticeSession(s)
Practice Session(s)
forContractor,
InspectionTeam,
Owners

Paidunder
S
SeparateItem
t It
Number(EA)
 StoneCourses
TestPanel#1 August2012

4A G d i
4AGradation OK
OK

SinceaTestSection..
theGravelwas
Allowed to Remain
AllowedtoRemain

PlacedChoker
CourseonOneHalf
NoChoker
Course

Choker
Course
 StoneCourses
TestPanel#1 August2012

3
2
TestPanel#2 April2013
p
NoChokerCourse ContractorsOption
TestPanel#2 April2013
p
NoChokerCourse ContractorsOption
 StoneCourses
TestPanel#1 August2012

4AGradation
4A G d i OK
OK
CrushedStone Fail

PlacedChoker
CourseonOneHalf

TestSection#1so
theGravelwas
AllowedtoRemain
 Clean ? Washed ?
Clean?Washed?
SpecificationDidNotQuantify
Thedefinitionof
Clean or
Clean or Washed
Washed
Clean ? Washed ?
Clean?Washed?
 Clean ? Washed ?
Clean?Washed?
SpecificationDidNotQuantify
Thedefinitionof
Clean or
Clean or Washed
Washed ordoesit?
or does it ?

TestingInLabatQuarry
Testing In Lab at Quarry
Revealed that0.25%
passing#200Sievewas
reasonably achievable
reasonablyachievable
usingtheWashingSetup

Agreementwasreached
Inspectorstationed atQuarry,Eachtruckapprovedbeforeunloading
Beach Road System
BeachRoadSystem
Beach Road System
BeachRoadSystem
Beach Road Section
BeachRoadSection
StoneCourses
Readytobepaved ChokerCourse
installed
ll d
ASPHALT
ASPHALT
ProjectTotalPorous
TopCourse 2100Tons
Binder(Base)3800Tons
TypicalTopCourse 100%
CanpasstheSieve
Porous15%canbe
Porous 15% can be
Retained

TypicalTopCourse 16%
Canpassthe#8Sieve
Porous = 10% Max
Porous=10%Max

Othermixescanbemore
OpengradedSuchas:
2 36 mm
2.36mm
ParkingLot&Trailmixes
AsphaltDrainDown
 AsphaltDrainDown
PG6422P BINDER
w/ER60%

TOP
FibersSpec
=0.4%+/

PG7622P
w/ER60%
 TestPanel
1000SF=10x100

DensityGauge
Density Gauge
Testing
6DiameterCores

PorosityTest
5gal/minute

PracticeSession(s)
forContractor,
Inspection Team
InspectionTeam,
Owners

Paidunder
Paid under
SeparateItem
Number(EA)
BeachRoadTestingProtocol

TestPanel#1 August2012
TestPanel#2 April2013
TestPanel#1 August2012
TestPanel#2 April2013
SampleCores
 SpecificGravity
p y
Air Void % = (Gmax Gtest)/G
AirVoid%=(G ) / Gmax

Gmax = TheoreticalMaximumSpecificGravity
Th ti l M i S ifi G it
BasedonLaboratoryTestofMix MaxDensity
RiceNumber(namedafterJamesRice)
Rice Number (named after James Rice)

Gtest = TestSpecimenSpecificGravity
Test Specimen Specific Gravity
LabtestofCores

UsedtoVerifyInplaceMixandCalibrateDensityMeters
 RICE#

Gtest Gmax

TOPCOURSE
TopCourse
AirVoids=(GmaxGtest)/Gmax
 SpecificGravity
p y
ResultsofFirstTestPanel

AnomaliesinAsphaltContent

15.5%,10.1%,7.6%,8.6%
OthersCorrectat5.9% 6.2%

AggregateGradationVariations

Data=Unreliable

Solution Increase
Solution IncreaseDryMixTimeby10secondsduringProduction
Dry Mix Time by 10 seconds during Production
toAvoidAsphaltClumpingonFibers
 2 nd TestPanel GaugeCalibration
Lab Results
LabResults

FieldTests CorrectionFactors
Gtest

1 x62.4= Minus = 2
Gauge
Gmax =2.52forMix(fromPlant) 3
Gtarget =2.52 (19%x2.52)x62.4
MinustheCorrectionFactor=
Binder/Base
/ CourseTest
Paving
BinderCourse
TopCourse
Compaction
RollingTemperature Critical!
 Temperature Critical!
AmbientTemperature50to70degreesF.
p g
Ideally Wind 0to3mph

Beware Asphaltsurfacecoolingtoquick

NoPavingTopCourseunder50degreesF.

CoolingtimetoFinishRolling=Approx.2hours
 RollingTemperature Critical!
BinderCourse 200 245F.
TopCourse 200 220F.
FinishRolling
Finish Rolling 110
110 140F.
140 F. Top,
Top,
140 150F. Binder

4to6Passeswith10to13TonRollerOK(Static)
IncreasesinDensityof1to2lbs/CFupto5passes
Increases in Density of 1 to 2 lbs/CF up to 5 passes
DensitySpikeof4to5lbs/CFat140F.

1to3Passeswith3.5to5TonRollertoFinish
RollingTemperature Critical!
QualityControl
 Gmax =2.xxforMix(FromPlanteachday)

Gtarget =2.xx (19%x2.xx)x62.4lb/cf CorrectionFactorforEachMeter

 ColdJoints

270290F

100F
 ColdJoints

TempsEqualizeatJoint

140o FMin.WhenexistingisAmbienttemp.
ColdJoints
ColdJoints
ColdJoints
 Thesis:

Acomputationalstudyoftheeffect
ofstructuralanisotropyofporous
asphalt on hydraulic conductivity
asphaltonhydraulicconductivity
Permeability
Permeability
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards

Off it C t i ti C t l
OffsiteContaminationControl
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
HurricaneIrene/TSLee
/
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
HurricaneIrene/TSLee
/
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
HurricaneIrene/TSLee
/
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
HurricaneIrene/TSLee
/
StreamDaylighting&SedimentRemoval
y g g

ExistingCulvert
225FeetLong
 WestBrook
ProposedCulverts
2x70FeetLongg
WestBrook
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
NoSandLayer
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
VACUUM
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
VACUUM
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
PowerWash
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
PowerWash
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards

CloggingLayer
LostStorageCapacity
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
PowerWash
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards

SlowerInfiltration
MaintainAdequateStorageCapacity
Beach Road System Safeguards
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
OffsiteContaminationProtection
Flanking Structures
FlankingStructures
BeachRoadSystemSafeguards
Beach Road System g p Safeguards
72ExistingPipe

FlankingStructures
g
Stormwater
TreatmentSystem
Maintenance
DesignOffsiteProtection
Systemsintoyourproject
MaintainVegetatedAreas
Maintain Vegetated Areas
Vacuum2 3X/Year
SlopeVegetatedAreas
AwayfromRoadway
UseSodtoEstablishTurf
Education
Education Publicand
Public and
Municipal
DeepCleanPromptlyif
Accident Occurs
AccidentOccurs
ExpectContinuedImprovements
in Maintenance Options and
inMaintenanceOptionsand
Equipment
Maintenance
 PorousAsphalt
Beach Road
BeachRoad
01/07/14HeavyRainand50*F
 Water Quality
WaterQuality
RedevelopmentProject
Redevelopment Project

FFrom94%imperviousto..50%impervious
94% i i t 50% i i
WQv treatmentandWaterQuantitynotactually
required Since Greater than 25% reduction in
requiredSinceGreaterthan25%reductionin
Impervious.
 Water Quality
WaterQuality
ReducedChloridesbyUsingLess
R d d Chl id b U i L
UNHSCconcludesthatdeicingmaterialscanbereducedbyapproximately50%

MetalRemoval Zinc,Lead,Copper,Cadmium

SuspendedSolids
Suspended Solids TypicallySand,MetalsAttached
Typically Sand Metals Attached

DigestionofHydrocarbonsbyAerobicBacteria
Oilbiodegradationinpermeablepavementsbymicrobial
Communities, A.P.Newman,C.J.Pratt,S.J.CoupeandN.Cresswell
FranklinInstitute
 ThomasBairdP.E.,CPESC

Barton&Loguidice,D.P.C.
d

10AirlineDrive
10 Airline Drive
Suite200
Albany NY 12205
Albany,NY12205
(518)2181801

tbaird@bartonandloguidice.com