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What Makes a Social Class?
On The Theoreticaland Practical
ExistenceOf Groups*
By Pierre Bourdieu
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2 BERKELEY JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY
accountof accounts."
This is in facta false opposition. In reality,agentsare both
but theyclassifyaccordingto (or depending
classifiedand classifiers,
upon) theirpositionwithinclassifications.To sum up whatI mean
by this,I can commentbrieflyon the notionof pointof view: the
pointof view is a perspective,a partialsubjectivevision(subjectivist
moment);but it is at thesame timea view,a perspective, takenfrom
a point,froma determinatepositionin an objectivesocial space
(objectivistmoment). Let me develop each of these moments,the
as theyapplyto theanalysisof class,
objectivistand the subjectivist,
and showhowtheycan and mustbe integrated.
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BOURDIEU: WHAT MAKES A SOCIAL CLASS? 3
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References
Boltanski,Luc. 1982. Les cadres.La formationd'un groupesocial Paris:
Editionsde Minuit.
Champagne,Patrick. 1979. "Jeunesagriculteurs et vieuxpaysans. Crisede
la successionet apparitiondu 'troisimege'." Actesde la rechercheen
sciencessociales,26-27:83-107.
Goodman,Nelson. 1978. Waysof Worldmaking. Indianapolis:HackettPub-
lishing.
Halbwachs,Maurice. 1955 and 1964. Esquissed'unepsychologie des classes
sociales. Paris:LibrairieMarcelRivire.
Lenoir,Rmi. 1979. "L'inventiondu 'troisimege' et la constitution du
champdes agentsde gestionde la vieillesse."Actesde la recherche en
sciencessociales,26-27:57-82.
Thompson,E. P. 1963. The Making of the English WorkingClass. Har-
monsworth: Penguin.
in EnglishbyPierreBourdieu
RelatedPublications
1977. Outlineof a Theoryof Practice.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversity
Press.
1977."SymbolicPower,"CritiqueofAnthropology,4 (13-14):77-85.
1980. "A Diagram of Social Positionand Life-style,"
Media, Cultureand
Society,2(3): 255-259.
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BOURDIEU: WHAT MAKES A SOCIAL CLASS? 17
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