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Procedia CIRP 26 (2015) 781 785
Abstract
Fouling of membranes is the most important problem in wastewater filtration since the sustainability of the process is highly influenced by the
fouling rate. Possible ways for fouling control are through feed water pre-treatment, operational conditions and membrane cleaning. This paper
studies the operational conditions that affect the fouling of hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes during the separation of wastewater.
Specifically, several factors which are temperature, pressure, time, pH and surface area of membrane, are studied. The Design of Experiments
methodology is used to investigate the effect the factors. The results of this study help to reduce the fouling of membranes, thus contributing to
a more sustainable filtration system.
2015
2014 The
The Authors.
Authors. Published
Published by
by Elsevier
Elsevier B.V.
B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of Assembly Technology and Factory Management/Technische Universitt Berlin.
Peer-review under responsibility of Assembly Technology and Factory Management/Technische Universitt Berlin.
Keywords:Ultrafiltration; Hollow fiber membrane; Design of experiment methodology;
2212-8271 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
Peer-review under responsibility of Assembly Technology and Factory Management/Technische Universitt Berlin.
doi:10.1016/j.procir.2014.07.082
782 H. Norafifah et al. / Procedia CIRP 26 (2015) 781 785
Nomenclature
A pH of feed solution
Fig. 2. U-shape ultrafiltration membrane module
B temperature of feed solution
C time of separation process
D transmembrane pressure
E surface area of membrane 2.2. UF process
FI fouling index
J permeate volume flux The fouling of the ultrafiltration membranes and the resulting
DER dope extrusion rate variation of separation properties were investigated in a pilot-
AGL air gap length scale experiment (Fig 3).
CBT congulation bath temperature
BFR bore fluid ratio
PT post treatment
H. Norafifah et al. / Procedia CIRP 26 (2015) 781 785 783
8 35 25 2 0.058 1.0740 1.365 0.7868 Curvature 0.28 1 0.28 53.84 <0.0001 significant
Corporation. 1989.
[6] Canas and Benavente, J. Electrochemical Characterization of an
Asymmetric Nanofiltration Membrane with NaCI and KCI solution: Influence
of Membrane Asymmetry on Transport Parameters. Journal of Colloid and
Interface Science. 246.; 2002, 328-334.
[7] Causserand, C., Aimar, P., Vilani, C. and Zambelli, T. Study of the effects
of defects in ultrafiltration membranes on the water flux and the molecular
weight cut-off. Desalination 149; 2002. 485-491.
[8] Platt, S., Mauramo, M., Butylina, S. and Nystrom, M. Retention of pegs in
cross-flow ultrafiltration through membranes. Desalination 149: 2002. 417-
422.
[9]Pradanos, P., Arribas, J.I. and Hernandez., A. Hydraulic permeability, mass
transfer and retention of PEGs in cross-flow ultrafiltration through symmetric
microporous membrane. Separation Science Technology 27: 2002.2121-2142.
[10] R.H. Peiris, H. Budman, C.Moresoli, R.L.Legge. Fluorescence-based
fouling prediction and optimization of a membrane filtration process for
drinking water treatment. AIChE Journal 58; 2012.1475-1486.
[11] A. Seidel, M.Elimelech. Coupling between chemical and physical
interactions in natural organic matter (NOM) fouling of nanofiltration
membranes: implications for fouling control. Journal of Membrane Science
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[12] J. Busch, W.Marquardt. Model-based control of MF/UF filtration
processes:pilot plant implementation and results. Water Science and
Technology 59; 2009.1713-1720.
4. Conclusion [13] A.S.Noor Adila. Optimization of spinning condition in polyethersulfone
ultrafiltration hollow fiber membrane fabrication using genetic algorithm.
In conclusion, the use of the design of experiments Internal report, Johor Bahru:Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.2013.
[14] M.K. Korbutowics, Katarzyna M.N, Tomasz W.. Analysis of membrane
method to develop a fouling index model is proven and the
fouling in the treatment of water solutions containing humic acids and mineral
derived empirical model can be subsequently used for salts. Desalination 126; 1999. 179-185.
predicting the fouling index within the separation region. The
experiments show that pH and temperature of the feed solution,
time of separation process and transmembrane pressure are
significant factors for reducing the fouling of hollow fiber
membranes during wastewater filtration. For future work, the
response surface methodology will be used to get the optimum
solution since the ANOVA results show the curvature is
significant. The experimental results of this study can help to
reduce the fouling of membranes, thus contributing to a more
sustainable filtration system.
Acknowledgments
References