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Abstract:
The demonstration practice of infrared spectrometry had, as objective, the analysis qualitative
of different substances. Infrared spectrometry is a technique of analysis on the processes of
absorption and emission of the molecules that are present in the matter. The IR zone of the
electromagnetic spectrum from the approach of the applications and the appliances is divided
into three zones: IR close (NIR): 12800-4000 cm-1, IR medium: 4000-400 cm-1; IR far: 400- 10
cm-1 , being the average IR in which most of the usual analytical applications are given. The
change in the energy state of a molecule is produced by the emission and absorption of a
photon, this change is evidenced in the form of a change of the translational energy in the
molecule and its rotational or vibrational state, the molecule depends on the molecular
geometry, the atomic mass, and, the moment dipolar. For a given molecule, its emission and
absorption spectrum forms a "footprint" of it. The IR spectrum of the sample problem 1, the
following functional groups were found: a long voltage of C O, and a flexion corresponding to
the group C-CO-C; the sample corresponds to the Propanona or acetone; the sample problem
2, the following functional groups were found: a tension band O-H, a tension band C-O, and
tension bands of the link C-H; as a result the sample corresponds to the 2-propanol.