ANALYSIS CALCULATION PERFORMANCE ENGINE TURBOFAN CFM56-7B IN

AIRCRAFT BOEING 737-900ER WITH COMPARISON ENGINESIM PROGRAM

By : Aswan Tajuddin, ST
University Of Suryadarma
Email : aswan_tajuddin@yahoo.com
Phone : +62821 4140 1082

ABSTRAK

The performance of an aircraft engine is important to note, this is certainly related to the
main function of the machine as driver force. Studies parametric cycle calculation based on
the basic theory Aero Thermodynamics turbofan engine is one way that can be done to
determine peforma an aircraft engine. This paper tries to study or examine the performance
calculation for this type of turbofan engine that is associated with the condition of an aircraft
flying height and throttle as determine settings according to the flying height. The mechanic
selects as the research object the paper of a turbofan engine CFM 56-7B in Boeing 737-
900ER which will be calculated by using EngineSim Program.

Keywords : turbofan engine, engine performance, airplane engine development

1. INTRODUCTION There are several ways you can do to

Machines on an aircraft is one of the main
components of great importance. The main
function of the machine itself is in addition
to a power source, the driving or driving,
the engine also needed to be able to meet a
variety of energy sources of the entire
system in the plane.
Factors that come from outside the engine
of which is the condition of the surrounding
air (environment) associated with the inlet
air conditions, such as flow rate,
temperature, density and pressure. While
the factors derived from the engine is more
likely to be caused by variations in the
design and dimensions of the machine, as
well as power control (throttle settings)
used by pilots.
determine peforma an aircraft engine,
including through studies calculation of the
theoretical thermodynamic cycle or
parametric, other than it can also be tested
operationally in the laboratory (ground
running test cell) or test direct operational
aircraft (flight test).
2. THEORETICAL BASIS
Theoretically turbofan engine design is the
result of the fusion between design turbojet
and turboprop engines, in other words
within the scope of operational turbofan
engine (turbofan engine envelope) is
located on the condition of the scope of
operational turbojet engine and turboprop
engines. Figure (2). EngineSim software Display
Program

1) Draft Machinery
2) Selection (Mode, Unit)
3) Material Input
4) Output Display

4. SPECIFICATION ENGINE CFM56

7

Type of engine : Turbofan

Arrangement : Two spool axial flow

Rotation : Clockwise (ALF)
Compressors
Figure (1). Brayton cycle diagram
Fan : Single stage
3. PROGRAM SIMULASI LP Compressor : Four stages
ENGINESIM 1.7 HP Compressor : Nine stages
EngineSim 1.7 is a version of the program Combustion chamber : Annular SAC
NASA Glenn EngineSim program that can (option DAC)
be used to study or observe how a turbine Turbines
jet engines (jet engines) work and produce HP Turbine : Single stage
thrust force (thrust). In operation simulation LP Turbine : Four stages
program is designed to interact with the Overall dimensions
changing values of the engine parameters Length 2.51m (98.72 ins)
are different, and we can work with this Height 1.83m (72.00 ins)
program. Width 2.12m (83.40 ins)
Performance
Take-off thrust (SLS) 19500 - 27300 lbs
Take-off flat rated 86/30
Temperature F/C
Max climb thrust 5962 Ibs
By-pass ratio 5.1:1 to 5.5:1
TSFC Max 0,38 lbm/hr/lbf
 Fan pressure ratio ( f ) = 1,7 : 1

Bypass ratio () = 5,1 : 1

Manual Calculation Engine Performance
Flying Altitude 25,000 ft
Before the start of a calculation, we can
look at data parameters air condition at an
altitude flying of 25,000 ft, and a cruising
speed of Mach 0.791, namely:
Temperature ambient (To) : 429,623 0R
Figure (3). Engine CFM56 7B
Pressure ambient - Po : 786,338 lb/ft2
Density ambient : 0,00106 slug/ft3
5. CALCULATION AND a) Values ideal gas constant (R):
DISCUSSION 1
R cp
Discussion of performance or performance
turbofan engines shall be review in flying 1,4 1
R 0,24 778,16 53,359
height and speed for commonly performed 1,4
to fly cruise (cruise flight) class aircraft lbf.ft/lbm.0R
Boeing 737 - 900ER this, including air b) The next step, sonic speed that
pressure conditions surrounding (ambient occurred at an altitude of 25,000 ft
water pressure), air density (ambient air a0 . R . gc . T0
density) and air temperature (ambient air
1,4 53,359 32,174 429,623
temperature).
1.016,164 ft / sec
For purposes of calculating the necessary
parameters are as follows: c) Comparison between total temperature
to the temperature of the air static-free,
= 1,4 obtained:
cp = 0,240 Btu/lbm.0R 1
r 1 M 02
hPR = 18400 Btu/lbm 2
gc = 32.174 ft . lbm/(lbf.sec2) 1,4 1
r 1 0,7912 1 0,125 1,125
Turbine inlet temperature (Tt4) = 2
2500 R d) Furthermore, we can determine the

Compresor pressure ratio ( c ) = 27,8 ratio between the turbine inlet

temperature (TIT) with ambient water
:1
temperature - To:
 2,348 0,791 5,11,240 0,791
Tt 4 1.016,164 1
2500
5,819 32,174 1 5,1
T0 429,623
31,583 0,163 3,846 19,799lbf / lbm / sec
j) Fuel to Air Ratio (FAR) :
e) By knowing the compression ratio of
27.8, the equation that is in can price c pT0
compressor temperature ratio
f r c
hPR
c ( c ) ( 1) / 0,240 429,623
5,819 1,125 2,579
(27,8) (1, 41) / 1, 4 (27,8) 0, 285 2,579 18400
5,819 2,901
103,1095
f) As well as compressor temperature
18400
ratio, in recognition of the fan pressure 0,005603 2,918 0,0163
k) Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption
ratio of 1.7, the in the can fan
(TSFC) :
temperature ratio:
f ( f ) ( 1) / f
S
(1,7) (1, 41) / 1, 4 (1,7) 0, 285 1,163 1 F / m0
0,0163 0,0163 0,0163

g) Comparison between mass air flow 1 5,1 19,799 6,1 19,799 120,773
rate at the speed of sound at the core
1,3496 10 4 lbm/sec/lb f 0,4858lbm / hr / lbf
engine:
l) Thrust Ratio :
2
V9
a0

1

r c 1 f 1
r c
FR
V9 / a0 M 0
V19 / a0 M 0

2
5,819 1,1252,579 1 5,11,163 1
5,819 2,348 0,791 1,557
1,4 1

1,125 2,579 3,467
1,240 0,791 0,449
= 5,515 2,348
m) Thermal efficiency (T)
h) Comparison of the mass flow rate of T

a02 (1 f )(V9 / a0 ) 2 (V19 / a0 ) 2 (1 ) M 02
100%
2.g c . f .hPR
air to the fan with the speed of sound T

983,300 2 (1 0,0173)(2,609) 2 5,1(1,240) 2 (1 5,1) 0,7912
100%
2 32,174 0,0173 18400 778,16
71,87%
V19

2
r f 1
a0 1 n) Propulsive Efficiency (P):
2M 0 (1 f )V9 / a0 (V19 / a0 ) (1 )M 0
1,125 1,163 1 5 (0,308)
2 P
(1 f )(V9 / a0 ) 2 (V19 / a0 ) 2 (1 ) M 02
100%
1,4 1
1,54 1,240 P
2 0,791(1 0,0173) 2,609 5,1(1,240) (1 5,1)0,791
100%
(1 0,0173)( 2,609) 2 5,1(1,240) 2 (1 5,1) 0,7912
i) Thrust Specific obtained:
V9 V19 1,5824,153
F a 1 100% 59,97%
0 M 0 M 0 10,955
m0 g c 1 a0 a0
o) Overall efficiency (0) :
0 (T . P ) 100%
0 (0,7187 0,5997) 100% 43,10%

Calculations Using EngineSim Software

Program

In this computational calculation is a

calculation that will be used to determine
the ratio at any height the throttle 77%,
which is commonly done to fly cruise The height of 28,000 with 77% throttle and
(cruise flight) class Boeing 737-900ER Mach 0791
aircraft is

The height of 25,000 with 77% throttle and

Mach 0791

The height of 29,000 with 77% throttle and

Mach 0791

The height of 26,000 with 77% throttle and

Mach 0791

The height of 30,000 with 77% throttle and

Mach 0791

The height of 27,000 with 77% throttle and

Mach 0791
The height of 31,000 with 77% throttle and The height of 34,000 with 77% throttle and
Mach 0791 Mach 0791

The height of 32,000 with 77% throttle and

The height of 35,000 with 77% throttle and
Mach 0791
Mach 0791

The height of 33,000 with 77% throttle and

Mach 0791 Analysis Calculation Results

Here is a summary of the results table or

resume the calculations have been done in
order to facilitate the discussion of the
analysis of the parameters:
 Calculation Of Charts
Altitude TSFC Thermal
( ft ) (lbm/hr/lbf Efficiency
(%)
Mach 0,791 EngineSim

25.000 ft 0.324 76.8

26.000 ft 0.323 76.6
27.000 ft 0.322 76.4 Graph of 1 TSFC
28.000 ft 0.322 76.2
29.000 ft 0.322 76.1
30.000 ft 0.323 75.9
31.000 ft 0.323 75.8
32.000 ft 0.324 75.6
33.000 ft 0.326 75.5
34.000 ft 0.327 75.4
35.000 ft 0.328 75.3 Graph of 2 Thermal Efficiency

6. CONCLUSION
TSFC Thermal a) TSFC value either from calculations
Altitude (lbm/hr/lbf Efficiency using enginesim software or manual
( ft ) (%) calculation, the value enginesim TSFC

Mach 0,791 Manual with calculation software is under the

25.000 ft 0,485 66,2 maximum limit is 0.38 TSFC while

26.000 ft 0,486 66,3 manual calculation is above the

27.000 ft 0,489 66,1 maximum value TSFC

28.000 ft 0,491 66,2 b) Value Thermal Efficiency using

29.000 ft 0,492 66,3 EngineSim Program Average 75%

30.000 ft 0,496 66,1 while manual calculation Thermal

31.000 ft 0,499 66,4 Efficiency value is under 75%, so the

32.000 ft 0,501 66,6 calculation using the program

33.000 ft 0,501 66,1 EngineSim more efficient compared to

34.000 ft 0,502 66,4 manual calculation

35.000 ft 0,504 66,3
Suggestion Burner, Journal Propulsion And
By intended to improvements in similar Power, Vol.21, No.3, 2005.
discussions, the next writer can suggest to 8) https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-
any reader or who want to try to learn and 12/airplane/ngnsim.html
even develop methods versus 1.7
Simulation Engine is to analyze the
performance of other types such as engine
Turbojet engines, ramjet and even
Afterburner.

REFERENCES

1) Mattingly jack D, Elements Of Gas

Turbine Propulsion, Mc Graw Hill
Book, New York, USA 1996
2) Aircraft Maintenance Manual (LION
AIR )
3) Irwin E. Treager, Aircraft Gas
Turbine Technology- Second
Edition, Mc.Graw-Hill book
Company, Ne York, USA-1979
4) www.boeing.com

5) www.general electric.com

6) Liew, K. H., Urip, E., Yang, S. L.,

Mattingli, J. D., Marek, C. J.,
Performance Cycle Analysis of a
Two-spool Separate-exhaust
Turbofan with Interstage Turbine
Burner, Journal Propulsion And
Power, Vol.22, No.2, pp.411-416,
2006.
7) Liew, K. H., Urip, E., Yang, S. L.,
Parametric Cycle Analysis of a
Turbofan with Interstage Turbine