BBC Learning English - Vocabulary

BBC LEARNING
ENGLISH
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/towards-advanced/
BBC LEARNING
ENGLISH
http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/towards-advanced/
UNIT 1:
Session 2 - News Review
probe
(here) a device for gathering information
orbit
the circular path one object takes around another in space
spacecraft
vehicle used in space
hostile
(here) difficult or dangerous
core
(here) the centre
Session 3 - LingoHack
on such a scale
(here) of a large size
judgement
ability to make good decisions
on record
officially measured
loggers
people who cut down trees
orbiting
moving around a planet or star
Session 4 - Treasure Island: 9 uses of 'time'

a long time (A2)
a lot of time
in no time (C1)
very quickly; soon
only a matter of time (C1)
it will definitely happen
at times (C1)
occasionally; sometimes
as time goes by (C1)

as time passes
at one time or another (C2)

at an unspecified time, usually in the past
time after time (C2)

again and again
in no time (C1)
very quickly; soon
time-consuming (C1)
taking a long time to do
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
B1 = Lower Intermediate
B2 = Higher Intermediate
C1 = Towards Advanced
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 2:
set to
ready to / likely to
to become
is going to become
follow in someone's footsteps

to do something (normally a job) which someone has done before you
take the reins

to take control of something
Session 3 - Lingohack
pressing
needs quick action
scene
(here) place where an incident happened
malnutrition
bad health caused by a poor diet
so-called
(adjective) named informally by many people
Session 4 - Oliver Twist: 7 uses of 'light'

light (B1)
make something start to burn
light (B1)
brightness
shed light on (C2)

give new information to help explain a situation
light (A1)
pale in colour
out like a light (C1)
sleeping deeply
in the light of (C1)

because of certain facts
brings to light (C2)

reveals something previously unknown
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
Session 5 - Tim's pronunciation workshop

Linking /r/
Words that end with an // sound are often pronounced with an /r/ sound at the end,
which links to the next word if that word begins with a vowel sound. Some examples of
phrases where this might happen include:
Can somebody call for an ambulance?

I haven't read War and Peace.
You've got something in your eye.
UNIT 3:
plagiarise
use the words or ideas of someone else and pretend they are your own
rip off
steal something or copy something
a rip-off
something that is not worth the price OR something which is a copy of something else
bear a striking similarity

to have a very strong similarity
candidate
person who applies for a job or a post
damning
very critical
trend
general development in a situation
Session 4 - The Rue Morgue: 8 uses of 'run'

make your blood run cold (C2)
make you feel very scared
run (A1)
move fast by taking steps that are much quicker than walking
running (B2)
flowing
run up against (something) (C2)

start to experience a problem
runs through (C2)
thinks about
running through (his head) (C2)

thinking about
run the risk of (C2)

do something that might cause something bad to happen
runs away (B2)

escapes; leaves somewhere quickly and/or secretly
runs after (B1)

chased
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 4:
repel
keep something away (for example: insects/water) by being unattractive or unpleasant
to it
something/someone repels you

you find something/someone disgusting or unpleasant and want to stay away from
it/them
deter
prevent/discourage someone from doing something by making it difficult or unpleasant
for them to do it
a pun
a funny way of using a word so that more than one meaning is suggested
steer clear of
avoid someone or something
breaking through
forcefully opening the way through (a barrier)
eluded
failed to be achieved
blazes
very large fires
prematurely
before its expected time
Session 4 - Little Red Riding Hood

cut out (C1)
stop eating
to cut a long story short (C1)

to only talk about the most important or interesting details
cut (someone) short (C2)
stop (someone) from finishing what they are saying or doing
shortcut (B2)
different route or direction that saves time
cut to the chase (C2)

don't waste time, just get to the important bit
cutting down (A2)

making a tree fall to the ground by cutting it near the base
woodcutters (B2)
people whose job is to cut down trees
cut (someone/something) up (B1)

use a sharp tool to separate something into pieces
cutbacks (C2)
reductions in money available to spend
cutting remark (C1)

a cruel comment intended to upset someone
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 5:
alarmingly
worryingly
filthy
very dirty
sewage
waste water from toilets
teeming with
containing a large number of
unfazed
not surprised or worried
favelas
areas of Brazilian cities where the housing is very poor
questioned
(here) expressed doubts about
remotely
from a distance
insight
understanding
Session 4 - Pride and Prejudice

looking for (A1)
trying to find
has the looks (C2)

appears intelligent and/or handsome
the look of (B2)

the appearance of
looks on (C1)
has a particular opinion
looks like (B1)

seems
looking to (C2)
planning to
looks as if (B2)
appears to be
looks over (C2)

examines
look down on (B2)

believe that someone is less important than you
look up (C1)
improve
look forward to (C2)

be excited and happy about a future event
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 6:
activist
person with a strong belief in a certain cause who takes action to achieve their aims
hunger strike
time during which someone refuses to eat as a protest
fast
period of time when a person chooses not to eat
'iron'
Here used as an adjective used to describe a person who is mentally and emotionally
strong
wondering
asking oneself
to log
to make an official record
stylish
elegant and fashionable
unveiled
made public in a ceremony
Session 4 - Robin Hood: 9 uses of 'stand'

stand up for (B2)
give support to; defend
can't stand (B1)

strongly dislike
don't stand a chance (C2)

have little possibility of success
stand for (C2)

represents an idea or priniciple
stand to lose (C2)
be in a situation where you may lose an advantage
won't stand for (C1)

refuse to accept or allow a situation
stand out (B2)

be noticeably better than other people
stands by (B2)
supports someone in a difficult situation
stands (C1)
remains; exists in a place
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 7:
an upset
when someone beats the team or player that was expected to win
pull something off

to succeed in doing something that is difficult
egg somebody on
encourage someone or urge someone to do something (especially something they
shouldn't do)
pandemonium
a situation in which there is a lot of noise or craziness because people are excited,
angry, or frightened
medal tally
number of medals won
feeds on
eats, consumes (especially for animals)
cheating
breaking the rules of a competition
Session 4 - Pygmalion: 8 uses of 'round'

driving him around the bend (C2)
making him very annoyed
comes round (C2)

begins to accept something previously rejected
round and round (B2)

moving in a circular direction
round the clock (C1)

all day and all night
round (A2)
on all sides (of something)
goes round to (A2)

visits
in a roundabout kind of way (C2)

more or less; sort of
round off (B2)

finish; complete (something)
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 8:
kick off
begin or cause something to begin
pass the baton

give responsibility for something important to another person or group
wrap up
finish something
peer
look carefully or closely
peer
look carefully or closely
underestimated
thought something was lower than it really was
put (something) down to

(phrasal verb) gave something as a reason for something else
Session 4 - Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde: 9 uses of 'sound'

sound out (B2)
talk to someone to find out their thoughts and ideas
by the sound of it (C2)

basing your ideas on information you have heard or read
sounds (B2)
seems
doesn't like the sound of [something] (C1)

is unhappy about a situation he has heard about
not a sight or sound of [someone] (C2)

nobody has seen or heard from [someone]
sounds strange (A2)
seems unusual
sound (A2)
something that can be heard
sounds as though (B1)

appears to be true, based on what you have heard
sounds like (B1)

(also) appears to be true, based on what you have heard
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 9:
flee
to quickly leave a place, normally because it is dangerous or unpleasant
some
used here as an adverb before a number to mean 'approximately'
hub
a place which is the the centre of a particular activity
sorties
short missions
rickety
not stable; likely to break
marine reserve
area of ocean protected by the law
orbiting
moving in a circular path around an object (especially for planets)
mourning
sadness because someone has died
Session 4 - Romeo and Juliet: Eight uses of 'break'

breaks the news (C2)
tells someone about something bad
break off (B2)

end a relationship
breaks into (B1)

enters a place by force
break up (B1)
end a relationship
breaks down (B1)
gets upset; starts to cry
break her promise (B2)

not do something she had agreed to do
breaking (A2)
separating into smaller pieces
breaks her heart (B2)

makes her feel extremely sad
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 10:
underestimated
(here) thought to be lower than it really is
livelihoods
ways of earning money in order to live
soaring
rising quickly
plummeting
falling quickly and suddenly
staggering
very shocking and surprising
bear the brunt of

suffer the worst part or effect of something bad or harmful
outbreaks
sudden occurrences of disease or war
passed away
died
spotted
noticed after looking carefully
Session 4 - Frankenstein: 10 uses of 'make'

makes (A1)
creates
has made a name for himself (C2)

has become well-known for something
makes (B1)
causes something to happen
to make matters worse (B2)
to cause a bad situation to get even worse
makes for (B2)

moves towards
makes a start (C2)

begins to do something
makes his blood boil (C2)

causes him to be very angry
makes up his mind (B1)

finally decides
make of (C2)
understand the meaning of
makes time (C1)

finds spare time to do something
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 11:
hold/keep/play your cards close to your chest
not share key information; be secretive
come clean
tell the truth about something you were keeping secret
big deal
something important
not that big a deal

important, but not very important
bout
short period when you are ill or unhappy; a short period of activity
bat away
(here) reject
address
formal speech
leaked
made secret information public
cracked
(here) understood something previously unexplained
Session 4 - Hansel and Gretel: 13 uses of 'turn'

take a turn for the worse (C2)
suddenly become worse
turns out (B2)

is discovered to be
turns a blind eye (C1)

ignores
turning (A1)
changing direction
turn back (B2)

travel in the direction they came from
turn of events (C2)

outcome of a situation
turn up (B2)
arrive
turns into (B1)

changes; becomes
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 12:
giant / massive / gigantic
very big
extraterrestrial
from outside planet Earth
eavesdrop
secretly listen to a conversation
potential
possible
saddened
made unhappy
sensation
(here) something or somebody very popular
Session 4 - The Snow Queen: 9 uses of 'stick'

stick up for (C2)
support
sticks (B2)
goes into
stick with (B2)

stay close to
stick by (C2)
continue to support
stick (B1)
a long, thin piece of wood
stuck (B2)
unable to move
can't stick (C1)
hates
stick (B2)
become attached
stick together (B2)

support each other
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 13:
clash
to have an angry argument
head-to-head
in direct competition
lose your cool

to become angry/lose your temper
forging
creating (something) that lasts
injuries
occurrences of physical damage to a person
novel
(here as an adjective) original; not seen before
Session 4 - Far from the Madding Crowd: 11 uses of 'set'

set (B2)
(a story) situated in a particular time and/or place
set their sights on (C2)

have a particular goal (of doing something)
dead set against (C1)

completely opposed to
sets off (B1)

starts a journey
sets out (C2)

starts doing something in order to achieve an aim
sets him off (C2)

causes him to
setback (C1)
problem that delays or worsens a situation
set (B1)
ready (to do something)
set on (B2)
determined (to do something)
sets on (B2)
attacks
all set (C1)

completely prepared and ready
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 14:
common ground
something people agree about, especially when they disagree about other things
pick yourself up
recover from a difficult situation
scramble
try very hard to do something in a hurry, often when competing with other people
inability
lack of effort or skill needed to do something
deadline
final time when something should have been completed
stigma
shame
auctioned
sold to whoever pays the highest price
Session 4 - The Piper of Hamelin: 12 uses of 'pay'

pay up
pay money that is owed
pays a heavy price

suffers terrible consequences
pay attention
watch or listen carefully
pay
give money in exchange for goods or services
pay off
be successful after taking a risk
pay handsomely
give a lot of money in exchange for goods or services
pay in cash
pay using coins and notes rather than by cheque or credit card
be in the pay of
work for someone (often secretly and/or dishonestly)
pay
money you receive for doing a job
pay day
the day you receive your wages from your job
pay
be punished
without paying a penny

not giving money in return for goods or services
UNIT 15:
Session 2 - News review
a burning issue
an important and urgent problem, often one that people have strong opinions about
burn a hole in (someone's accounts)

cause them to spend lots of money
money burns a hole in my pocket

whenever I have money I have to spend it
it burnt a hole in my pocket

it cost a lot of money
come/be under fire

be criticised or held responsible
destabilise
make a political or economic system less safe or reliable
appetite
demand or interest
limiting the damage

reducing the negative effects
nudge
gently encourage
Session 4 - Sherlock Holmes and the Hound of the Baskervilles :

9 uses of 'dead'
dead (A2)
not alive
dead certain (C1)

completely sure about something
deadly danger (B2)

extreme danger
the dead of night (C1?)
the middle of the night
stops dead in his tracks (C2?)

stop suddenly
dead silence (C1)

completely quiet
stone dead (C1?)

completely dead
dead giveaway (C2?)

something that accidentally but clearly reveals a secret
dead ringer (C2?)

exact likeness
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 16:
endangered species
a type of animal or plant that might stop existing because there are only a few of that
type alive
get to the bottom of

to discover the truth about something or find the cause of something
a turn of events
a change in a situation
pleas
serious and emotional requests for something
classified
accessible only to authorised people (for example: documents)
deficiency
lack or shortage of something
vessel
large boat
Session 4 - David Copperfield: 13 uses of the word 'take'

takes (A1)
brings a person or thing from one place to another
taken someone into (your) care (C1)

agreed to look after someone and be responsible for them
takes the opportunity (B2)

uses the situation to do something he wants to do
take (someone) off to (C1)

move (someone) from one place to another
take refuge (C2)

find shelter (from danger or unhappiness)
takes pity on (B2)
feels sympathy for
takes an instant dislike to (B2)

immediately feels hostility towards something or someone
seems/is taken with (C1)

is attracted to
taken advantage of (C2)

used a situation to get what you want (often by deceit)
takes up (B2)
begins a hobby, job or activity
take off (B2)

start to become successful
take a turn for the worse (C1)

start to go wrong
take care of (B1)

look after
Session 5 - Tim's Pronunciation Workshop

Pronunciation of 'can'
In fluent everyday speech when the modal auxiliary can isnt stressed the
pronunciation becomes /kn/.
Some examples of phrases where this might happen include:
I can speak fluent Japanese.

Can you bring the shopping in please?
How long can you hold your breath?

KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 17:
out-drinking
drinking more than another person
wine o'clock
(humorous) an appropriate time of day to start drinking wine
knocking back
drinking something quickly or in large amounts, particularly alcohol
boozer
person who drinks a lot of alcohol
given the green light
approved to proceed
severity
seriousness
charity
organisation that raises money for a particular purpose of public interest
Session 4 - Orpheus and Eurydice: 13 uses of the word 'long'

all day long (B1)
continuously throughout the day
long (A1)
measuring a large distance between two points
before long (B1)

soon; quickly
last long (B1)

continue for a lot of time
a long way off (B1)

a large distance away
take long (B2)
need a lot of time
long gone (C1)

departed a large amount of time ago
as long as I live (B2)

for the rest of my life
no longer (B2)
not any more
a long shot (C2)

an attempt that is unlikely to succeed
at long last (B2)

finally; after a lot of time and/or effort
so long as (C1)
on the condition that
longed (C2)
wanted to do something very much
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 18:
strike back
attack someone who has attacked you
vow
make a strong promise to do something; make a determined decision to do something
malicious
(here) intended to harm or steal private information from a computer
cyber
relating to computers
shore up
make more secure
airlifted
transported by aircraft
side effects
additional unpleasant results of taking a drug
released
set free
Session 4 - Jamaica Inn: 10 uses of the word 'stay'

stay (A2)
live in a place for a short time
stay out of his way (C1)

avoid him
stay on (C1)
continue to be in a place
stay over (B2)

sleep in a place for the night instead of going home
stays up (B2)
doesn't go to bed at the usual time
stay away from (C1)

avoid
stay put (C2)

remain in a place
stay (A1)
continue to be in a place
stay out of trouble (C2)

not get involved with something that will cause problems
stay together (B1)

continue to be with each other
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 19:
polls
the mechanism of voting
ballot
system of secret voting
pitch
something you say to persuade people to support you or do something
storm
move with force
shattering the dreams

ending the hopes
makeshift
temporary; usually of poor quality
inspired
influenced positively
Session 4 - The Princess and the pea: 9 uses of the word 'sleep'
loses sleep over (something) (C2)
worries about (something)
sleeps through it (C1)

remains sleeping despite the noise
sleep (A1)
rest, in a natural state of unconsciousness
sleep (B2)
has enough beds for a particular number of people to sleep in
sleeping like a baby (C1)

sleeping very well
get some sleep (B1)
have a period of rest
falls asleep (B1)

starts to sleep
didn't sleep a wink (C2)

slept very badly
sleep on it (C2)
think about something before making a decision
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 20:
sweltering; sizzling; scorching
very, very hot
on course; on track; on pace

happening in the way we expect, based on what has happened until now
make tracks
leave a place (often quickly)
lose track
stop being aware of what someone is doing or what is happening
go off the beaten track

travel to places where not many people go
evade tax
not pay money you owe the government by law
traces
extremely small quantities
solving
finding a reason, explanation or answer to a question or problem
Session 4 - Moby Dick: 9 uses of the word 'see'

see (B2)
find out; assess the possibility of
see (A1)
notice with their own eyes
you see (C1)

let me explain
see how (C2)

believe (something is possible)
wait and see (C1)
wait until later to find out what will happen
see sense (C2)

realise he is wrong
sees red (C2)

gets angry
see (B1)
understand
see eye to eye (C2)

agree with each other
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 21:
pull the plug on something
stop something from continuing or happening
scrap; ditch; dump

stop doing something or get rid of something that is no longer wanted or needed.
renounce
formally say that you no longer support or accept something
a (bath/sink) plug
a round piece of rubber or plastic that fits into the hole in a sink or a bath
a plug
part with two or three metal pins at the end of an electric cord to connect it electricity
a murky world
complicated and badly understood
fell into the hands of

went to the wrong person or people
falling well short

not achieving what is expected
boom
sudden economic increase
Session 4 - The Vampyre - 9 uses of the word 'keep'

keep away (B2)
not go near somewhere or someone
keep (B1)
continue
keeps him company (B2)

stays with him so he is not alone
keep his eyes open (C2)

watch carefully for someone or something
keep (something) a secret (B1)
not tells anyone about (something)
keep his word (C1)

do what he has promised
kept woman (C1)

a woman who is given money and a home by a man
keep (something) to himself (C2)

not tell anyone (about something)
keep (B2)
store safely
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 22:
designated
officially having a particular purpose
indigenous
describes people, plants and wildlife that have lived in a certain place for longer than
later arrivals
sacred
connected with religion or considered to be holy or precious
mourning
process of sadness after someone has died
cathartic release
letting out of strong feelings that had not been shown before
prognosis
statement about what is likely to happen in the future
advance
development; improvement
Session 4 - 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea - 11 uses of the word

'get'
getting out of hand (C2)
become hard to control
get (A1)
catch (in this context. The wider meaning is obtain)
gets underway (C2)

begins
get (A2)
become
get to (B2)
have the opportunity to (do something)
get away (B2)

escape
get worse (B1)

become more unpleasant
get off (A2)

leave
gets (A2)
starts to
get through it (C1)

deal with a bad experience
getting up to (something) (C2)

being involved in; doing
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 23:
fingerprint
(here) to create a digital profile
team up
to get together with other people or organisations to achieve something
pledge
make a serious promise
in labour
in the last stage of pregnancy when the baby is pushed out
keeping up
progressing at the same rate as something else
up close
very near something
Session 4 - Huckleberry Finn - 9 uses of the word 'come'

come into (C2)
received or found (something)
coming across (C1)

behaving like
comes (A1)
arrives
comes up with (B2)

thinks of (something)
come with (A1)

join
come to the rescue (C2)

help
yet to come (B2)
going to happen
comes to light (C2)

is revealed
come naturally (C1)

happens easily
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 24:
surge
sudden increase
undermining
making less effective
spiked
increased and decreased suddenly
a testament
evidence that something exists
lived rough
lived outside, often on the streets
sanctuaries
safe places
urban oasis
a quiet place in a built up area
Session 4 - X uses of Y
Rumplestiltskin
a far cry from (C1)

very different to
cry (A2)
produce tears from her eyes
a shoulder to cry on (C2)

a person who listens to your problems and gives you sympathy
cries (B1)
says loudly
cry your eyes out (C2)
get very upset and cry a lot
crying out for (C2)

really wanting or needing
for crying out loud (C2)

(said to express anger)
crying out (C2)

shouting in fear or pain
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced

Assimilation of /d/ and /j/
When a word ends in a /d/ and the next word begins with /j/, the two sounds often come
together and change to //.
Would you do me a favour?

Has it been painted yet?
The /u/ sound in you can be pronounced as schwa.
Would you like a cup of tea?

UNIT 25:
standing guard
protecting something to make sure it stays safe or doesn't escape
keeping watch
paying close attention to a situation so you can react to any problems
brainchild
someone's plan or original idea
cabin feverish (to have cabin fever)
frustrating and boring because you have been indoors for too long
harness
control and make use of
holographic
three-dimensional and life-like, created by lasers
companion
a person you spend a lot of time with
Session 4 - Cinderella: 12 uses of 'go'

go shopping (A1)
visit shops to buy things
go downhill (C2)
become worse
it goes without saying (B2)

it is obvious
go to (A2)
attend
go into detail (B2)

talk about all the facts
goes by (B2)
passes
to go (C1)
remaining
go without (C1)
not have something that you need or usually have
touch and go (C2)

uncertain
give it a go (B2)
try something
goes (B1)
develops
go with (B1)
match; look good next to
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 26:
tangible
something real, that you can touch
embraced
welcomed with enthusiasm
record high
highest amount reached
turning the tables

changing from the weaker position to the stronger
mock-up
a realistic model of something yet to be built
social isolation
lack of contact with other people
daredevils
people who like to do dangerous things
Session 4 - The North Wind and the Sun: 10 uses of 'catch'

catching (B2)
touching; reflecting on
catch my breath (C1)

take a short rest
caught off guard (C2)

surprised
catches sight of (C1)

suddenly sees
catch hold of (B2)

grab; seize
catch his death (C2)
develop a severe cold or chill
catch up (B2)
get up-to-date
catch up (B2)
go faster to reach someone in front of you
catch (B1)
feel
caught out (C1)

shown to have made a mistake
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 27:
the bulk of
most of; the majority of
facelift
a change that improves something
set to
organised so that something happens in the future
seedy
dirty, connected with illegal or morally wrong activity
urban areas
towns, cities or suburbs
cubs
young animals (bears, foxes, lions)
Session 4 - King Midas and his Golden Touch

touch and go (C2)
uncertain; with a risk of not succeeding
a touch (C2)
a small amount
touched (B2)
emotionally affected
touches (B1)
puts his hand on
a nice touch (C2)

a small but effective detail
gets in touch (B1)

contacts (someone)
sense of touch (B2)
ability to feel things
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 28:
boycott
refuse to take part in something as a protest
legitimate
allowed by the law
swell
get bigger
predominantly
mainly; mostly
devastating
very harmful; damaging
cited
mentioned as evidence or proof
controversial
something people disagree about
Session 4 - X uses of Y: Emma

right (B1)
exactly
in her own right (C2)

not relying on anything or anyone else
right (B1)
most suitable
right (B2)
morally acceptable
right through (C2)

all the way
has no right (C1)
does not have a good reason
do the right thing (B2)

take action that is morally correct
right away (B1)

immediately
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced

Assimilation of /t/ and /k/
When the letter 't' comes after a vowel sound and before another word that starts with
the sound /k/, its pronunciation changes from /t/ to /k/.
Note that some words that begin with the letters qu, like quite and quick, also start with
the sound /k/.
Did you see Usain Bolt run in the race? I didn't realise he ran that quickly!
Would you pass me that carrot? I need it for this stew I'm cooking.
Fat cat bosses in the city earn far more than the average worker.
UNIT 29:
over______
Used as a prefix to mean 'too much'
potential
describes something possible in the right circumstances
browned off
annoyed
premature
before its due date
wholesome
benefit to someone's well-being
obesity
state of being so fat that it is a risk to your health
Session 4 - The Island of Dr.Moreau

with (A1)
including
with (B1)
on; to
with (B2)
because of
with bated breath (C2)

anxiously; nervously
live with (B1)

accept
with (B2)
about
with his bare hands (C2)
using physical strength and no weapons
with the aid of (C1)

using something that helps you
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced
UNIT 30:
sack / fire
remove from a job
defying
refusing to obey
betrayal
act of not being loyal
Session 4 - Macbeth
out (C1)
a long way from home
set out (C1)

begin an attempt
out of (B1)
from an amount or number
out of his mind (C2)

unable to deal with things normally because of something bad
get out (B1)

become known
find out (A1)

discover
out (A1)
not at home
out (B1)
determined
out (B1)
available to everyone
sets out (C2)

begins (a journey)
gives out (B2)
makes; produces
left out (B2)

not included
KEY
A1 = Beginner
A2 = Elementary
C2 = Advanced

Summary
Over this series, we've looked at how:
/t/ and /d/ sounds disappear between consonants

'Mashed potato' becomes /mptet/
Consonant sounds can link with vowel sounds

'An egg' becomes 'anegg'
Certain vowel sounds can link with certain other vowel sounds by adding sounds
'The shoe is' becomes 'the shoe /w/ is'
Two consonant sounds can join together, or twin

'It takes two' becomes /teks tu/.
Some sounds can change completely

'Green Park' /grin pk/ becomes /grimpk/.
Unstressed grammar words are often weak

'I'd have been late' becomes /adv bn let/
Schwa is important to the rhythm of natural spoken English

'A piece of cake' / pis kek/
skecpticism

BBC Learning English - Vocabulary

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BBC LEARNING

Session 4 - Treasure Island: 9 uses of 'time'

as time goes by (C1)

at one time or another (C2)

time after time (C2)

follow in someone's footsteps

take the reins

Session 4 - Oliver Twist: 7 uses of 'light'

shed light on (C2)

in the light of (C1)

brings to light (C2)

Session 5 - Tim's pronunciation workshop

Can somebody call for an ambulance?

bear a striking similarity

Session 4 - The Rue Morgue: 8 uses of 'run'

run up against (something) (C2)

running through (his head) (C2)

run the risk of (C2)

runs away (B2)

runs after (B1)

something/someone repels you

Session 4 - Little Red Riding Hood

to cut a long story short (C1)

cut to the chase (C2)

cutting down (A2)

cut (someone/something) up (B1)

cutting remark (C1)

Session 4 - Pride and Prejudice

has the looks (C2)

the look of (B2)

looks like (B1)

looks over (C2)

look down on (B2)

look forward to (C2)

Session 4 - Robin Hood: 9 uses of 'stand'

can't stand (B1)

don't stand a chance (C2)

stand for (C2)

won't stand for (C1)

stand out (B2)

pull something off

Session 4 - Pygmalion: 8 uses of 'round'

comes round (C2)

round and round (B2)

round the clock (C1)

goes round to (A2)

in a roundabout kind of way (C2)

round off (B2)

pass the baton

put (something) down to

Session 4 - Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde: 9 uses of 'sound'

by the sound of it (C2)

doesn't like the sound of [something] (C1)

not a sight or sound of [someone] (C2)

sounds as though (B1)

sounds like (B1)

Session 4 - Romeo and Juliet: Eight uses of 'break'

break off (B2)

breaks into (B1)

break her promise (B2)

breaks her heart (B2)

bear the brunt of

Session 4 - Frankenstein: 10 uses of 'make'