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ES 13 THV
Take note of the coverage of the first long exam.
Lecture Objectives Suggested
Meeting
Topic (After the Lecture, the student must be able to do the
No. Problems
following)
Class Policies
1 Review of Statics
Equations of Equilibrium & Shear and
Bending Moment Diagram
Introduction to the Concept of Stress 1.54, 1.98 (Hibbeler)
1. Identify the relationship of force, area of application
Normal Stress and Centric Loading and stress developed from the previous quantities
2 1.8; 1.55; 1.60
Shear Stress 2. Identify & calculate the different stresses developed
(Beer)
in a member/part of a structure
Bearing and Punching Stress
Strain Concepts 1. Determine the strains caused by stresses
2. Identify how materials react when stressed within the 2.3, 2.19 (Hibbeler)
Normal Strain Elastic Limit
3. Determine the limitations of the Hooke's Law 2.26, 2.81-82
Shear Strain 4. Understand the Stress-Strain Diagram for Axial (Beer)
3 Loading
Material Properties
The Stress-Strain Diagram and Hooke's
Law 1. Determine how strains affect one another 3.16, 3.22
Strain Energy 2. Describe the General Form of the Hooke's law (Hibbeler)
Poisson's Ratio & Generalized Hooke's 3. Understand the stress-strain diagram for Shear stress
Law 4. Determine the allowable stresses for a given Factor of 2.63
Shear Stress-Strain Diagram & Hooke's Safety and vice versa (Beer)
4
Law for Shear
Allowable Stresses and Factors of Safety
Stresses and Deformations Arising from Axial Axial Loading:
Loading 4.45, 4.59 (Hibbeler)
Axial Deformation Formulae from Statics
5&6 1. Derive the Axial Deformation Formulae 2.40, 2.41
Analysis of Statically Determinate Axially 2. Apply the Axial Deformation Formula Correctly (Beer)
Loaded Members 3. Determine the stresses and/or strains caused by
Temperature Effects, Thermal Stress change in temperature Thermal:
4. Design/Analyze statically determinate/indeterminate, 4.86, 4.93 (Hibbeler)
axially loaded members (with the use of suitable
Statically Indeterminate Axially Loaded compatibility equations) 2.49, 2.60
7 (Beer)
Members
Problem 2.1 At the proportional limit, a 200 mm gage length of a 15 mm diameter alloy bar has
elongated 0.90 mm when a 58.4 kN axial load was applied. At a load of 70 kN the same material
ruptures with a total elongation of 2.0 mm. Determine the following properties of this material:
[Assume the plastic region being linear]
a. The proportional limit.
b. The modulus of elasticity.
c. Modulus of resilience
d. Approximate modulus of toughness.
e. Assuming the material is initially unloaded. Determine the permanent deformation acquired by
the material if a load equivalent to 40 kN is applied then unloaded.
f. Assuming the material is initially unloaded. Determine the permanent deformation acquired by
the material if a load equivalent to 60 kN is applied then unloaded.
(a) Derive the following formula for the elongation of cable AOB shown in part (b) of the figure:
3 162
= (1 + )
8 32
(b) Calculate the elongation of the central span of one of the main cables of the Golden Gate Bridge, for
which the dimensions and properties are L = 4200 ft, h = 470 ft, q = 12,700 lb/ft, and E = 28,800,000 psi.
The cable consists of 27,572 parallel wires of diameter of 0.196 in.
Hint: Determine the tensile force T at any point in the cable from a free-body diagram of part of the
cable; then determine the elongation of an element of the cable of length ds; finally, integrate along the
curve of the cable to obtain an equation for the elongation .
(a) What percent of the total load is now carried by the middle cable?
(b) What are the stresses M and O in the middle and outer cables,
respectively?
E (GPa) 200 70 83
all (MPa) 90 50 66