University of Jordan

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY 1
EXPERIMENT NO9
VACCUM FILTRATION

DR.ZAYED HAMMOURI

Rawan Mashaqi 0154101

Eman Al-Wadhan 0139407
Mohammed Qhaiwi 0138607
Emran Al-shawabkeh 2130680

| short report | 6/8/2017

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Abstract

In this experiment slurry samples of different solid particulates

concentrations 30,40,50 (same material ).

Was taken to vacuum filtration at constant pressure in order to

determine the Time needed to reach the new cm in height of filtrated
slurry during the filtration

Process and to calculate the resistance of filter medium to filtrate and

the sprcific Cake resistance at constant pressure operation.

To demonstrate the basics of filtration .

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Table of contents

ABSTRACT.1

RESULTS.. 2

DISCUSSION. 6

CONCLUSIONS 7

REFERENCES.7

APPEDNICES.8

SAMPLE OF CALCULATIONS.9

TABLES..10

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Results:

Table (1): vacuum filtration at conc=10g

Height(cm)
time(s)@ 10g Volume (ml) t/v1(s/ml)

1
4 150 0.07273

2
12 260 0.05423

3
19.05 390 0.05500

4
24.55 490 0.01911

5
22.83 580 0.00175

6
22.97 660 0.00160

7
23.13 760

Figure (1): t/v1(s/ml) Vs.V at conc=10 g

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 Table (1): vacuum filtration at conc=20g

Volume
Height(cm) time(s)@ 20g t/v2(s/ml)
(ml)
1 6.02 150 0.06182
2 12.82 260 0.12131
3 28.59 390 0.0361
4 24.98 490 0.03322
5 27.97 580 0.06625
6 22.67 660 0.1509

7 37.76 760

Figure (2): t/v1(s/ml) Vs.V at conc=20 g

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 Table (1): vacuum filtration at conc=30g

Height(cm) Volume (ml)

time(s)@ 30g t/v3(s/ml)

1 150
14.97 0.09918182
2 260
25.88 0.01976923
3 390
28.45 0.01143478
4 490
28.51 0.01466667
5 580
29.83 0.06925
6 660
24.29 0.08996296
7 760
0

Figure (2): t/v1(s/ml) Vs.V at conc=30 g

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DISCUSSION

There is a linear relation between volume and time in the beginning of the

graph , In filtration precess data of the slurry of 10,20,30 solid particles

dissolved in 800 ml of tap water .

The relationship between them is direct , during the filtration process the

time needed to reach the new cm in higher of filtrated slurrg (pure water)

is increasing while the volume increasing .

Finally, there are some errors obtained in experimental data if we compare

it with experiments that have been done in literature, here are some

reasons for that:

There are some filtrate losses in the filter paper .

Personal errors, not accurate reading from the graduated vessel and
the time .

Conclusion

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 Filtration process depends on the concentration of solids in the fluid, the
particulate

nature of the solid (shape, size) and the fluid physical properties (viscosity,

density,corrosion).

Vacuum filtration is usually performed with a filter aid such as diatomite.

The real advantage for the filter aid/vacuum filtration: is in the

filtration of very small particles such as decolorizing carbon.

Air can be drawn through the filter cake to minimize losses and solvent can

be easily applied to rinse a valuable solid. Gravity filtration is not as useful

for rinsing crystals, for example, because the rinse solvent would be in

contact with the product longer and result in greater losses. Vacuum

filtration can be used to dry crystals quickly to speed their analysis. Gravity

filtration would require a more lengthy drying step either in the hood or in

an oven (or drying thimble). Vacuum filtration is useful if you are in a hurry

but if you don't want to tie yourself up monitoring a filtration, gravity

filtration can give you time to do other tasks.

Vacuum filtration is most suitable for nonvolatile solvents.

If vacuum filtration is used with volatile solvent than the solvent might
evaporate and contaminate your solid sample.

References

7
 Coulson and Richardson, Chemical Engineering, Vol. 2, Pergamon
Press.

.McCabe and Smith, Unit Operation of Chemical Engineering, 3rd

edition.

Chemical Engineering Laboratory (2) Manual, (2014), University of

Jordan.

Appendices
SAMPLE OF CALCULATION

TAKING THE 1ST SAAMPLE OF 10 G CONCENTRATION

p=680-600 mmHg=0.106 bar

viscosity =0.001 pa.s

cross sectional area =3.14*7.5^2=176.625 cm^2

filtrated vol = 870

w= 10/870=0.01149 g/ml

from the equation :