Remarks and Analysis of Data

In the same manner that an electric field, , is produced by an electric charge, we can

, is also produced by a magnetic charge. There are

reasonably expect that a magnetic field,

two ways a magnetic field is produced, one is by means of electromagnet in which the current,

I, produces a magnetic field which is shown in Part 2-B of the lab experiment and the other

means is through a permanent magnet by means of particles such as electrons because they

have an intrinsic magnetic field around them which is the focus of this experiment. The goals of

this experiment is to investigate the nature of a magnetic field around the poles of a permanent

magnet, its magnitude on a wire that has a current and its relationship between magnetic force,

length, current and orientation of the wire that has a current.

We begin with Part One in which we observe the nature of a magnetic field on a

permanent magnet. Magnetic fields, in sense, are invisible but we can use iron fillings for us to

understand its behavior on a permanent magnet. In Part 1-a, we can observe that the magnetic

field of two opposite like poles of a bar magnet repel each other, while in Part 1-b it attracts

each other with a North to South direction. In Part 1-c and Part1-d, we used two U-magnets to

which in the former forms a four-way bridge in the corners of the magnet with the same North

to South direction while in the latter we placed an iron ring in the center to which to which is

permeability as demonstrated is greater than air to which the magnetic field is concentrated on

the iron ring.

For the second part, we observed how an electromagnet is formed demonstrated in a

wire that is carrying a current. In Part 2-A, we have both current and the continuous loop of the
magnetic field in North to South direction called the magnetic flux in constant value and as we

observed, when the number of magnets arranged is increased the magnetic force also

increases. The magnetic force of the given loop is equal to the current, I, as they are both

constant.

Given by the formula, = to which magnetic force, , current, I, length, L, and

magnetic field, is described by a vector cross product, we can say that the current is directly

proportional to the magnetic force. This is demonstrated in Part 2-b, in which we can see that

as the current increases, the magnetic force also increases given that the magnetic flux is in

constant value and the quantity of the magnets is the same.

In Part 2-c, we examine the relationship of the magnetic force and the length of the

current loop to which through the given formula above and the experiment performed, we can

say that they are directly proportional to one another. This is as the length and the current loop

increases, so does the magnetic force. We now apply the angle of orientation, , to the wire or

loop in a magnetic field to demonstrate its effect on the magnetic force based from the scalar

form of the equation above which is = . This implies that a magnetic force moving

parallel with the magnetic field is zero as demonstrated in Part 2-d. Whereas as we increase the

angle, so does the magnetic force with the current set to the maximum allowable of 2 Amps.

The larger the angle, the more magnetic force is produced up to its limit of 180 o to which it will

cancel out again.

Human error is the most possible source of error in performing this experiment. In part

1, we can draw wrong sketches of the magnetic field in improperly placing the clean sheet of
paper on top of the magnets, i.e. paper is not leveled. During our first trial in Part 2, we

gathered a zero reading in the magnetic force in Part 2-b, mainly because we have allowed to

touch the wires on the magnet which produces erroneous readings. We fixed this by properly

placing the wires in the middle of the magnet.