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The apartheid, in its gradual end, subsequently gave rise to democracy.

The emergence of democracy was not


automatic. It went through a difficult process accompanied by struggles from the violence many people in South
Africa have to endure.

The world took notice of the South African regime after several incidents including white South African police opened
fire on unarmed black protesters in the town of Sharpesville, killing 69 people wounding 186 others. It created an
international condemnation of the apartheid. The United Nations and other countries imposed sanctions on the
existence of the apartheid which negatively affected South African States controlled by the whites. It also affected the
economy of the state. This resulted to protests against the government which affected the leadership of South African
Prime Minister P.W. Botha who subsequently resigned in 1989. The sanctions imposed against it were lifted under the
regime of F.W. de Klerk, his successor. 1 A new constitution was created. It created an opportunity for the blacks and
other racial groups to participate in it . F.W de Klerk also agreed to hold South Africas first all-race, democratic
election. That election led to a coalition government with nonwhite majority, marking the official end of the apartheid
system.2

De Klerk eliminated as many Apartheid laws as he could and, after freeing Nelson Mandela, entered into negotiations
to end Apartheid. The negotiations took a negative effect on the whites which became apparent when he lost a
national election. This indicates that the whites did not want the Apartheid to end.3

Mandelas release created a great impact not only in South Africa but also in the world. He undertook a peaceful
change and indicated it in his message before the international media. In effect, the United States lifted sanctions and
increased foreign aid, and many of the US companies who disinvested in the 1980s returned with new investments
and joint ventures. In April 1994, Nelson Mandela was elected as South Africas first black president4

1 The end of South African Apartheid by Robert Longley, July 14, 2017: https://www.thoughtco.com/when-did-
apartheid-end-43456
2 Apartheid: http://www.history.com/topics/apartheid
3 South African Apartheid: a case study on the effects of European colonialism in Africa:
http://thealternativehypothesis.org/index.php/2016/07/29/south-african-apartheid-a-case-study-in-the-effect-of-
european-colonialism-in-africa/
4 The End of Apartheid: https://2001-2009.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/pcw/98678.htm

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