ABUTMENT : Bendung .

1. Input

B1 B2 Dimension

Rb1

+ 11.65 HT = 5.90 m
B1 = 0.50 m
B2 = 0.30 m
H1
B3 = 0.40 m
Rh1 + 10.65 B4 = 4.00 m
H5
B5 = 1.00 m
B6 = 3.00 m
BT = 8.00 m
B3 H6 H1 = 1.00 m
H10
Slope 1:n H1 max = 1.00 m
HT + 9.65 H2 = 4.35 m
H2 H3 = 0.00 m
H4 = 0.55 m
ho H5 = 1.00 m
+ 9.65 H6 = 0.40 m
H10 = 5.35 m
Hw2 ho = 2.95 m
Abutment width BL = 4.80 m
Hw1 + 6.30 Support from Parapet = 0.25 m
H3 Rh1 = 0.90 m
Rb1 = 0.25 m
H4 Hw1 = 3.90 m
+ 5.75 Hw2 = 3.90 m
BT Slope = 0.0 slope 1:n
B4 B5
(in case no soil on toe side, input "0")
B6

Design Load for Parapet

Unit Weight Wheel load of T-Load
Soil 1.80 t/m3 T = 10.0 ton
Soil (saturated) 2.00 t/m3 Contact width of T-load
Concrete 2.40 t/m3 a = 0.20 m
Effective width of road = 3.90 m
Reaction of superstructure Thickness of pavement = 0.05 m
Normal Vn=Rd+Rl 137.96 ton
Seismic Ve=Rd 71.27 ton With Impact Plate? Yes
He= 12.83 ton (He=2 kh Rd, for fixed bearing) (Input Yes or No)
Type of bearing Movable (He=kh Rd, for movable bearing) Width of Corbel Lp= 0.30 m
(Input Fixed or Movable) Thickness of Impact Plate = 0.60 m
Surcharge Load 0.70 t/m2 Length of Impact plate 3.00 m
Soil depth above plate 0.50 m
Parameters
q: surcharge load (t/m2) 0.70
q' : surcharge load (t/m2) (=0) 0.00
g: unit weight of earth (t/m3) 1.80
w: ground surface angle (degree) 0.00
f: internal friction angle (degree) 30.00
d 1: friction angle between earth and wall (degree) normal 20.00 (=2/3f)
d 2: friction angle between earth and earth (degree) normal 0.00
d E1: friction angle between earth and wall (degree) seismic 15.00 (=1/2f)
d E2: friction angle between earth and earth (degree) seismic 24.20
b: wall angle (degree) 0.00
c: cohesion of soil (t/m2) (do not consider) 0.00
kh : 0.18
Uc: Uplift coefficient 1.00
f: Friction Coefficient =Tan f b = 0.60
N-SPT : 50.00
Qa : Allowable bearing capacity normal t/m2 20.83 ( max. 20.83 t/m2 for soil foundation)
Qae: Allowable bearing capacity seismic t/m2 31.25 ( max. 31.25 t/m2 for soil foundation)

Normal condition Seismic condition

Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175
1/38 363781444.xls,Input
Creep strain coefficient (concrete) 0.0035 0.0035
Reinforcement concrete
Allowable stress
Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 90
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 2775
Shearing ta kgf/m2 (concrete) 5.5 8.25
tma kgf/m2 (stirrup) 14 21
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar
ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000
Young's modulus (reinforcement bar) 2100000 2100000
Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 16

2/38 363781444.xls,Input
2. Check
2.1 Stability Analysis

Normal condition Seismic condition

Overturning e= -1.43 m e= -3.32 m
BT / 6 = 1.33 m BT / 3 = 2.67 m
(e < BT/6) OK (e < BT/3) OK
Sliding Fs =Hu / H= 6.72 Fs =Hu / H= 1.44
Fs > 2.00 OK Fs > 1.25 OK
Settlement Qmax = -0.49 t/m2 Qmax = -7.91 t/m2
(bearing capacity) Qmax < Qa OK Qmax < Qa OK
Qa = 20.8 t/m2 Qae= 31.3 t/m2

2.2 Structural Analysis

(1) Body Section A-A Section B-B

Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Bar arrangement
Back face (tensile bar) f (mm) 25 25 25 25
(vertical) spacing (mm) 150 150 300 300
As (cm2) 157 157 79 79
Front face (compressive bar) f (mm) 25 25 25 25
(vertical) spacing (mm) 300 ok 300 ok 300 ok 300 ok
( As' > 0.5 As, cm2 ) 79 >=78.5 79 >=78.5 79 >=39.3 79 >=39.3
Hoop bar (horizontal) f (mm) 16 16
interval (mm) 200 200
Max interval (mm) 300 300
Design dimensions
Effective width (whole width) (cm) 480 480 480 480
Concrete cover : d1(cm) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
d2(cm) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Effective height (cm) : d-d1(cm) 95.0 95.0 40.1 40.1
Design load Mf (t m) 88.24 171.41 39.59 46.63
Nd (t) 188.28 121.59 160.37 93.68
S (t) 14.14 49.59 6.71 24.18
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2) 59 73 26 43
Checking of allowable stress as rectangular beam as column as rectangular beam as column
Compressive stress sc kgf/cm2 14 ok 28 ok 45 ok 41 ok
Bending stress ss kgf/cm2 665 ok 851 ok 1371 ok 1095 ok
ss' kgf/cm2 - 375 ok - 433 ok
Mean shearing stress tm kgf/cm2 0.35 ok 1.19 ok 1.19 ok 1.37 ok

(2) Footing Toe side Heel side

(Normal / Seismic) Normal Seismic
Bar arrangement
Upper (tensile bar) f (mm) 25 25
(bridge axis) spacing (mm) 150 150
As1 (cm2) 32.72
(compressive bar) f (mm) 25
(bridge axis) spacing (mm) 300 ok
As2' (cm2, >0.5 As2) 16.36 >=16.36
(distribution bar) f (mm) 25 19 19
spacing (mm) 300 ok 100 ok 100 ok
Aso (cm2, >As /3) 16.36 >=5.45 28.35 >=4.50 28.35 >=10.91
Lower (tensile bar) f (mm) 25
(bridge axis) spacing (mm) 150
As2 (cm2) 32.72
(compressive bar) f (mm) 25 25
(bridge axis) spacing (mm) 300 ok 300 ok
As1' (cm2, >0.5 As1) 16.36 >=4.50 16.36 >=16.36
(distribution bar) f (mm) 25 19 19
spacing (mm) 150 ok 200 ok 200 ok
Aso (cm2, >As /3) 32.72 >=10.91 14.18 >=5.45 14.18 >=5.45
Design dimensions
Effective width (unit width) (cm) 100 100 100
Concrete cover : d1(cm) 5 5 5

3/38 363781444.xls,Input
 d2(cm) 5 5 5
Effective height (cm) : d-d1(cm) 50 50 50
Design load Mf 4.48 7.01 -11.14
Nd 0.00 0.00 0.00
S 6.98 7.78 -1.98
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2) 5.67 8.87 -9.06
Checking of allowable stress
Compressive stress 9.83 ok 15.36 ok (27.81) ok
Bending stress 319.14 ok 498.82 ok (774.87) ok
Mean shearing stress 1.63 ok 1.81 ok (0.45) ok

4/38 363781444.xls,Input
(3) Parapet With Impact Plate Without Impact Plate With Impact Plate
Normal Normal Seismic
Bar arrangement
Back face (tensile bar) f (mm) 16 16
(vertical) spacing (mm) 250 250
As1 (cm2) 8.04
(compressive bar) f (mm) 16
(vertical) spacing (mm) 250 ok
As1 (cm2, >As3/2) 8.04 >=8.04
(distribution bar) f (mm) 16 16 16
(horizontal) spacing (mm) 250 250 ok 250 ok
As2 (cm2, >As1/3) 8.04 >=4.50 8.04 >=4.50
Front face (tensile bar) f (mm) 16
(vertical) spacing (mm) 125
As3 (cm2, >As1/2) 16.08
(compressive bar) f (mm) 16 16
(vertical) spacing (mm) 125 ok
As3 (cm2, >As1/2) 16.08 >=4.50
(distribution bar) f (mm) 16 16 16
(horizontal) spacing (mm) 250 ok 250 ok
As6 (cm2, >As3/3) 8.04 >=5.36 8.04 >=5.36
Design dimensions
Effective width (unit width) (cm) 100 100
Concrete cover of fronf face (cm) 7
Concrete cover of back face (cm) 25 10
Effective height (cm) 23 20
Design load Mf (t m) 4.913 1.035
Nd (t) 0.000 0.000
S (t) 0.000 1.590
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2) 14.64 3.17
Checking of allowable stress
Compressive stress 37.12 ok 16.6 ok
Bending stress 1684.37 ok 729.13 ok
Mean shearing stress 0 ok 0.9 ok

(4) Impact Plate and Corbel

Impact Plate Corbel
Upper Lower Upper Lower
Bar arrangement
(main bar) f (mm) 16 19 19 16
spacing (mm) 300 ok 150 300 300 ok
As1 (cm2) 6.70 >=4.50 18.90 9.45 6.70 >=4.50
(distribution bar) f (mm) 16 12 12 12
spacing (mm) 300 ok 250 ok 250 ok 250 ok
As2 (cm2, >As1/6) 6.70 >=4.50 4.52 >=4.50 4.52 >=4.50 4.52 >=4.50
Design dimensions
Effective width (unit width) (cm) 100 100 100 100
Concrete cover (cm) 5 5 7 7
Effective height (cm) 55 55 23 23
Design load Mf (t m) 6.215 3.308
Nd (t) - -
S (t) - -
Checking of minimum reinforcement bar
Required bar (cm2) 7.15 9.10
Checking of allowable stress
Compressive stress 13.92 ok 39.83 ok
Bending stress 672.22 ok 1726.92 ok
Mean shearing stress - -

5/38 363781444.xls,Input
DIMENSIONS OF ABUTMENT

B1 B2 Abutment Type
Super Structure Type

Rb1

H1
Rh1

H5

B3 H6
H10

HT H2
ho

H3

H4

B4 B5 B6

Super structure Type T-Beam BT

Dimensions Abutment
HT B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 BT H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H10 ho Width BL
5.90 0.50 0.30 0.30 4.00 1.00 3.00 8.00 1.00 4.35 0.00 0.55 1.00 0.30 5.35 3.05 4.80
H1 max 1.00
Hw1 Hw2 Rh1 Rb1 Width of impact plate (Corbel), Lp= 0.30 m Thickness of impact plate Ft=
3.90 3.90 0.90 0.25

WEIGHT OF ABUTMENT LOAD AND MOMENT

B1 B2 Area unit Vertical Distance
No. weight Load X Y
m2 t/m3 t/m m m
Bimp Body 1 0.300 2.40 0.720 4.650 5.400
15 2 1.300 2.40 3.120 4.250 4.250
H1 1.00 10 16 3 0.300 2.40 0.720 4.650 4.400
1 11 4 0.045 2.40 0.108 4.600 3.467
17
18 5 1.525 2.40 3.660 4.250 2.075
5' 0.763 2.40 1.830 4.667 1.567
3 H5 19
2
6 0.000 2.40 0.000 2.667 0.550
4.35 12
4 21 20 7 0.000 2.40 0.000 4.500 0.550
1: 0 8 0.000 2.40 0.000 6.000 0.550
22' H6
9 4.400 2.40 10.560 4.000 0.275
HT H10 0.00 10 0.090 2.40 0.216 4.950 5.150
B3 22
5.90 5.35 11 0.045 2.40 0.108 4.900 4.900
H2 0.00 0.00 Sub-total 8.768 21.042
5
ho
4.35 13 Total 42.08 101.002
3.05 3.05 Soil
Toe 12 0.000 1.80 0.000 2.667 0.000
0.00 13 0.000 1.80 0.000 2.000 0.550
14 0.000 1.80 0.000 1.333 0.550
5' 23
13' 0.000 2.00 0.000 2.000 0.550
Hw1 14' 0.000 2.00 0.000 1.333 0.550
14 6 7 8
3.90 0.00 Sub-total 0.000 0.000
9
Hw2 Total 0.000 0.000
0.55 3.90
Heel 10 0.090 0.00 0.000 4.950 4.900
8.00 11 0.045 0.00 0.000 4.900 4.900
BT 15 1.280 1.80 2.304 6.400 5.600
B4 B5 B6 16 0.780 1.80 1.404 6.550 5.150
17 0.780 1.80 1.404 6.550 4.850
4.00 1.00 3.00 18 0.045 1.80 0.081 5.000 4.800
19 3.200 1.80 5.760 6.400 4.150
20 0.960 1.80 1.728 6.400 3.750
Unit Weight 21 0.045 1.80 0.081 4.700 3.700
Soil 1800 kg/m3 22 0.000 1.80 0.000 6.500 3.600
Soil (saturated) 2000 kg/m3 Total Surcharge Load (t) 11.76 22' 0.458 1.80 0.824 5.200 2.583
Concrete 2400 kg/m3 Acting Point (m) 6.65 23 9.150 2.00 18.300 6.500 2.075
23' 0.000 2.00 0.000 7.000 0.550
Sub-total 16.83 31.89
Total 80.80 153.05

Canal Slope 0 Slope 1:n Xo=SMx/SV Yo=SMy/SV

Reaction Body 4.2 m 1.696 m
Normal Vn= Rd+Rl= 137.96 ton Hn=0 Soil Toe 0 m 0 m
Seismic Ve= =Rd= 71.27 ton Heel 6.297 m 3.01 m
He= 12.83 ton
Surcharge Load : qs= 0.70 t/m2

6/38 363781444.xls,Stability
EARTH PRESSURE
qs Parameters
q qs : surcharge load (t/m2)
q' : surcharge load (t/m2) (=0)
g: unit weight of earth (t/m3)
H1 qa1
1.00 g sat: unit weight of earth (t/m3)
w: ground surface angle (degree)
f: internal friction angle (degree)
d 1: friction angle between earth and wall (degree) normal
d 2: friction angle between earth and earth (degree) normal
H10 d E1: friction angle between earth and wall (degree) seismic
HT 5.35 d E2: friction angle between earth and earth (degree) seismic
H2
5.90 b: wall angle (degree)
4.35 c: cohesion of soil (t/m2) (do not consider)
kh :

w: ground surface angle (radian)

f: internal friction angle (radian)
3.90 3.90 d 1: friction angle between earth and wall (radian) normal
H3
0.00 d 2: friction angle between earth and earth (radian) normal
H4
0.55 d E1: friction angle between earth and wall (radian) seismic
d E2: friction angle between earth and earth (radian) seismic
qw2 qa2 qa3
qu1 b: wall angle (radian)
qu2 a: tan-1 kh (radian)
8.00 d E: internal friction angle seismic condition f/2(radian)
BT Uc: uplift coefficient

Earth Pressure

Normal Condition Seismic Condition

Description Description
Pa : active earth pressure (t/m2/m) 12.327 Pea : active earth pressure (t/m2/m)
Ka 1: coefficient of active earth pressure, earth and earth 0.333 Kea1 : coefficient of active earth pressure
Ka 2: coefficient of active earth pressure, wall and earth 0.297
y: Vertical acting point 2.049 y: Vertical acting point
X: Horizontal acting point = BT 8.0 X: Horizontal acting point = BT
PV : Vertical Pressure = Pa sin d 0 PV : Vertical Pressure = Pea sin dE
PH : Horizontal Pressure = Pa cos d 12.327 PH : Horizontal Pressure = Pea cos dE

qa1 = 0.333 x 0.70 = 0.233 qa1 = 0.438 x 0.00 = 0.000

qa2 = 0.333 x 2.00 x 1.80 = 1.200 qa2 = 0.438 x 2.00 x 1.80 = 1.578
qa3 = 0.333 x 3.90 x 2.00 = 2.600 qa3 = 0.438 x 3.90 x 2.00 = 3.419
qw2 = -3.900 x 1.00 = -3.900 qw2 = -3.900 x 1.00 = -3.900
qu1 = -3.90 x 1.0 = -3.90 qu1 = -3.90 x 1.0 -3.90
qu2 = -3.90 x 1.0 = -3.90 qu2 = -3.90 x 1.0 -3.90

Normal condition Seismic condition

No. Description H Y HY No. Description H

Pa1 = 0.233 x 5.900 = 1.377 2.950 4.061 Pa1= 0.000 x 5.900 = 0.000
Pa2 = 1.200 x 2.000 x 0.500 = 1.200 4.567 5.480 Pa2 = 1.578 x 2.000 x 0.500 = 1.578
Pa2' = 1.200 x 3.900 = 4.680 1.950 9.126 Pa2' = 1.578 x 3.900 = 6.155
Pa3 = 2.600 x 3.900 x 0.500 = 5.070 1.300 6.591 Pa3 = 3.419 x 3.900 x 0.500 = 6.668
Total (Pa) 12.327 2.049 25.258 Total 14.401
Pw2 = -3.900 x 3.900 x 0.500 = -7.605 1.300 -9.887 Pw2 = -3.900 x 3.900 x 0.500 = -7.605
Total -7.605 1.300 -9.887 Total -7.605

No. Description V X VX No. Description V

Pu1 = -3.900 x 8.000 x 0.500 = -15.600 2.667 -41.600 Pu1 = -3.90 x 8.000 x 0.500 = -15.600
Pu2 = -3.900 x 8.000 x 0.500 = -15.600 5.333 -83.200 Pu2 = -3.90 x 8.000 x 0.500 = -15.600
Total -31.200 4.000 -124.800 Total -31.200

7/38 363781444.xls,Stability
STABILITY ANALYSIS
Case 1 Normal Condition

1 Moment and Acting Point

Description V Load HLoad Distance (m) Moment (t.m)

V (t) H (t) X Y Mx My
Body 101.00 4.20 1.70 424.21 0.00 Combined Acting Point
Soil Toe 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Xo=(SMx-SMy)/SV 5.432 m
Heel 153.05 6.30 3.01 963.76 0.00
Reaction (bridge) 137.96 0.00 4.25 4.90 586.34 0.00 Eccentric Distance
Earth Pressure 0.00 59.17 8.00 2.05 0.00 121.24 e=(BT/2-Xo) -1.432 m
Hydrostatic pressure 0.00 (36.50) 1.30 (47.46)
Uplift pressure (149.76) 4.00 (599.04) Bending Moment M =SV x e -363.62 t.m
Surcharge Load 11.76 0.00 6.65 0.00 78.20 0.00
S 254.01 22.67 1453.47 73.79

2 Stability Analysis

2.1 Over Turnng

e<=(BT/6) e= -1.432 m BT/6 is larger than e? OK

BT/6= 1.333 m

2.2 Sliding

Friction Coefficient =Tan f b = 0.60

Shearing registance force at base
Hu=V . Tan f b 152.41 tf
Safety Rate against sliding
Fs=Hu/H 6.724 Fs is larger than 2.0 ? OK

2.3 Settlement e

Allowale bearing capacity Qa 20.83 tf/m2 V

Reaction from the Foundation H
V 6M
Qmax( min)=
BLBT BLBT 2
Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max Q max
Q max = -0.487 tf/m2 Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK

Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max BT

Q min = 13.717 tf/m2

Case 2 Seismic Condition

1 Moment and Acting Point

Description V Load HLoad Distance (m) Moment (t.m)

V (t) H (t) X Y Mx My
Body 101.00 18.18 4.20 1.70 424.2 30.83 Combined Acting Point
Soil Toe 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Xo=(SMx-SMy)/SV 7.319 m
Heel 153.1 27.55 6.30 3.01 963.8 82.9
Reaction (bridge) 71.27 12.83 4.25 5.80 302.91 74.41 Eccentric Distance
Earth Pressure 28.33 63.05 8.00 1.94 226.7 122.1 e=(BT/2-Xo) -3.319 m
Hydrostatic pressure (36.50) 1.30 (9.89)
Uplift pressue (149.76) 4.00 (124.80) Bending Moment M =SV x e -676.82 t.m
Surcharge Load 0.00 0.00 8.00 2.05 0.00 0.00
S 203.9 85.11 1793 300.3

2 Stability Analysis

2.1 Over Turnng

e<=(BT/3) e= -3.319 m BT/3 is larger than e? OK

BT/3= 2.667 m

2.2 Sliding

Friction Coefficient =Tan f b = 0.6

Shearing registance force at base
Hu=V . Tan f b 122.34 tf
Safety Rate anaginst sliding
Fs=Hu/H 1.437 Fs is larger than 1.25 ? OK

2.3 Settlement

Allowale bearing capacity Qa 31.25 tf/m2 e

Reaction from the Foundation e > BT/6 ?
V
in case e<BT/6 in case e>BT/6 H

V 6M X=3(BT/2-e) = 21.958 m
Qmax( min)=
BLBT BLBT 2
Q
Maximiun Fondation Reaction Q max Foundation Reaction Qe
Q max = -7.909 tf/m2 Q=2V/(BL.X)= 3.869 tf/m2

Minimum Fondation Reaction Q max

X
Q min = 18.529 tf/m2

BT
Qmax is smaller than Qa? OK Qe is smaller than Qa? OK
Qmax = -7.91 tf/m2
Qmin = 18.53 tf/m2
X= 8.00 m

8/38 363781444.xls,Stability
Bearing Capacity of soil
(1) Design Data
fB = 30.00 o cB = 0.00 t/m2 gs' = 1.00 t/m3 (=gsat-gw)
B = 8.00 m z = 0.55 m L = 4.80 m

(2) Ultimate Bearing Capacity of soil, (qu)

Calculation of ultimate bearing capacity will be obtained by appliying the following

Terzaghi's formula :

qu = a c Nc + gs' z Nq + b gs' B Ng

Shape factor (Table 2.5 of KP-06)

a = 1.22 b = 0.40

Shape of footing : rectangular, B x L

Shape of footing a b
1 strip 1.00 0.50
2 square 1.30 0.40
3 rectangular, B x L 1.22 0.40
(B < L) (= 1.09 + 0.21 B/L)
(B > L) (= 1.09 + 0.21 L/B)
4 circular, diameter = B 1.30 0.30

Bearing capacity factor (Figure 2.3 of KP-06, by Capper)

Nc = 36.0 Nq = 23.0 Ng = 20.0

f Nc Nq Ng
0 5.7 0.0 0.0
5 7.0 1.4 0.0
10 9.0 2.7 0.2
15 12.0 4.5 2.3
20 17.0 7.5 4.7
25 24.0 13.0 9.5
30 36.0 23.0 20.0
35 57.0 44.0 41.0
37 70.0 50.0 55.0
39 > 82.0 50.0 73.0

a c Nc = 0.000
gs' z Nq = 12.650
b gs' B Ng = 64.000

qu = 76.65 t/m2

(3) Allowable Bearing Capacity of soil, (qa)

qa = qu / 3 = 25.55 t/m2 (safety factor = 3 , normal condition)

qae = qu / 2 = 38.33 t/m2 (safety factor = 2 , seismic condition)

9/38 363781444.xls,Stability
BM-100
T-Beam

Unit :m
Support
from Parapet
0.25

0.60 m

Moment
X Y
t.m/m t.m/m
3.348 3.888
13.260 13.260
3.348 3.168
0.497 0.374
15.555 7.595
8.540 2.867
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
42.240 2.904
1.069 1.112
0.529 0.529
88.386 35.698
424.25 171.35

0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000

0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
14.746 12.902
9.196 7.231
9.196 6.809
0.405 0.389
36.864 23.904
11.059 6.480
0.381 0.300
0.000 0.000
0.000 0.000
118.950 37.973
0.000 0.000
200.80 95.99
963.83 460.74

10/38 363781444.xls,Stability
 0.7
0.0
1.8
2
0.0
30.0
20.0 (=2/3f)
0
15 (=1/2f)
24.2
0.0
0.0
0.18

0.000
0.524
0.349
0.000
0.262
0.422
0.000
0.178
0.262
1.0

14.401
0.438
0.433
1.936
8.0
5.903
13.136

Y HY
2.950 0.000
4.567 7.207
1.950 12.002
1.300 8.668
1.936 27.878
1.300 -9.887
1.300 -9.887

X VX
2.667 -41.600
5.333 -83.200
4.000 -124.800

11/38 363781444.xls,Stability
Q min

12/38 363781444.xls,Stability
STRUCTURAL CALCULATION

A ABUTMENT BODY
1 Load and Bending Moment of Abutment Body
Klik untuk menghitung
Dimensions unit:m
B1 B2 B1 B2 B3 B5 H1 H2 H5 H6 ho
0.50 0.40 0.30 1.00 1.00 4.35 1.00 0.30 3.05
Hw1 Hw2
3.35 3.35
Lp Abutment Width
0.60
H1 1
Bw= 4.80 m Plat Form of Impact Plate (Lp) = 0.30 m
1.00 Seismic Coefficient kh= 0.18
10
Support from Parapet hs= 0.25 m
3 11
2 H5
A-A section
4
Normal Seismic
H6 Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment Mi=
B3 No. Load X Mx Load Y My Mx+My
B B t/m m tf.m/m t/m m tf.m/m tf.m/m
H2 1 0.720 0.200 0.144 0.130 4.850 0.629 0.773
5
4.35 ho 2 3.120 0.250 0.780 0.562 3.700 2.078 2.858
B5 (H1+H2)/2 3.05 3 0.720 0.150 0.108 0.130 3.850 0.499 0.607
2.68 4 0.108 0.100 0.011 0.019 3.250 0.063 0.074
Y or 5 3.660 0.250 0.915 0.659 1.525 1.005 1.920
3.35 Hw1' 3.35 5' 1.830 -0.167 -0.305 0.329 1.017 0.335 0.030
5' 10 0.216 -0.550 -0.119 0.039 4.600 0.179 0.060
X
A A 11 0.108 -0.500 -0.054 0.019 4.350 0.085 0.031
X (0,0) S 10.482 1.480 1.887 4.872 6.352
Total 50.314 7.104 9.056 23.384 30.488
Section B-B
Where Hw1' is considered, this section is same as groundwater level.
Wehre Hw1' is not considered, this section is just half of (H1 + H2).
Distance AB: 3.35 m B-B section
Normal Seismic
Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment Mi=
No. Load X Mx Load Y My Mx+My
t/m m tf.m/m t/m m tf.m/m tf.m/m
1 0.720 -0.475 -0.342 0.130 1.500 0.194 -0.147
2 3.120 -0.025 -0.077 0.562 0.350 0.197 0.120
3 0.720 -0.425 -0.306 0.130 0.500 0.065 -0.241
4 0.108 -0.375 -0.040 0.019 -0.100 -0.002 -0.042
5 -0.360 -0.025 0.009 -0.065 -0.150 0.010 0.019
5' 0.035 -0.258 -0.009 0.006 -0.100 -0.001 -0.010
10 0.216 -0.825 -0.178 0.039 1.250 0.049 -0.130
11 0.108 -0.775 -0.084 0.019 1.000 0.019 -0.064
S 4.667 -1.027 0.840 0.531 -0.496
Total 22.404 -4.928 4.033 2.549 -2.379

2 Load and Bending Moment due to Super Structure

Normal Seismic
Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment Mi=
No. Load X Mx Load Y My Mx+My
t/m m tf.m/m t/m m tf.m/m tf.m/m
Section A-A
Normal Rd + Rl 137.962 0.25 34.491 0.00 0.00 0.00 34.491
Seismic Rd 71.272 0.25 17.818 12.83 5.02 64.36 82.177
Section B-B
Normal Rd + Rl 137.962 0.25 34.491 0.00 0.00 0.00 34.491
Seismic Rd 71.272 0.25 17.818 12.83 1.67 21.38 39.200

3 Load and Bending Moment due to Earth and Water Pressure

1) Section B-B

a) Normal Condition
qa1
q1= qs*Ka q1= 0.208 tf/m
q2= (qs+g*H)*Ka q2= 1.278 tf/m
EaH= (q1+q2)*(1/2)*H*cosd Eah= 1.397 tf/m
y= [H*(2q1+q2)]/[3*(q1+q2)] y= 0.760 m H= 2.00 H1+H2
S= EaH*Bw S= 6.705 tf 5.35
My= EaH*Bw*y My= 5.096 tf.m B qa2

where, qs Surcharge Load 0.70 tf/m2 3.35

Ka2 coefficient of active earth pressure 0.297 3.35
g Unit weight of soil 1.8 tf/m3
Unit weight of saturated soil 2.0 tf/m3 A
d friction angle between earth and wall 0.3491 radian qw2 qa3
H depth11 2.00 m
y Acting Point (m)
S Shearing Force(tf)
Bw Abutment Width 4.80 m

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 b) Seismic Condition
qe1= q'*Kea qe1= 0.000 tf/m
qe2= (q'+g*H)*Kea qe2= 1.578 tf/m
EeH= (qe1+qe2)*(1/2)*H*cosd EaH= 1.524 tf/m
y= [H*(2qe1+qe2)]/[3*(qe1+qe2)] y= 0.667 m
S= EeH*Bw S= 7.317 tf
My= EeH*Bw*y My= 4.878 tf.m/m
where, q' Surcharge Load (seismic) 0 tf/m2
Kea coefficient of active earth pressure 0.438
g Unit weight of soil 1.8 tf/m3
d friction angle between earth and wall 0.2618 radian
H 2.00 m
y Acting Point (m)
S Shearing Force(tf)
Bw Abutment Width 4.80 m

2) Section A-A
a) Normal Condition
Description
EaH : active earth pressure (t/m2/m) = Pa . cos d 8.557
Ka2 : coefficient of active earth pressure 0.297
y: Vertical acting point y= 1.868
S=EaH*Bw S= 41.073
My=S*y My= 76.721

qa1 = 0.297 x 0.70 = 0.208

qa2 = 0.297 x 2.00 x 1.80 = 1.070
qa3 = 0.297 x 3.35 x 2.00 = 1.992
qw2 = -3.350 x 1.00 = -3.350

No. Description H Y HY
Pa1 = 0.208 x 5.350 = 1.113 2.675 2.978
Pa2 = 1.070 x 2.000 x 0.500 = 1.070 4.017 4.299
Pa2' = 1.070 x 3.350 = 3.586 1.675 6.006
Pa3 = 1.992 x 3.350 x 0.500 = 3.337 1.117 3.726
Total (Pa),per m 9.106 1.868 17.009
Pw2 = -3.350 x 3.350 x 0.500 = -5.611 1.117 -6.266
Total, per m -5.611 -6.266
Total (per width) width = 4.80 m -26.934 1.117 -30.076

b) Seismic Condition
Description
Pea : active earth pressure (t/m2/m) = Pa . cos d 11.383
Kea : coefficient of active earth pressure 0.438
y: Vertical acting point y= 1.756
S=EaH*Bw S= 54.641
My=S*y My= 95.922

qa1 = 0.438 x 0.00 = 0.000

qa2 = 0.438 x 2.00 x 1.80 = 1.578
qa3 = 0.438 x 3.35 x 2.00 = 2.937
qw2 = -3.350 x 1.00 = -3.350

No. Description H Y HY
Pa1= 0.000 x 5.350 = 0.000 2.675 0.000
Pa2 = 1.578 x 2.000 x 0.500 = 1.578 4.017 6.339
Pa2' = 1.578 x 3.350 = 5.287 1.675 8.856
Pa3 = 2.937 x 3.350 x 0.500 = 4.920 1.117 5.494
Total (per m) 11.785 1.756 20.689
Pw2 = -3.350 x 3.350 x 0.500 = -5.611 1.117 -6.266
Total (per m) -5.611 -6.266
Total (per width) width= 4.80 m -26.934 1.117 -30.076

4 Summary of Intersectional Force

Normal Condition Seismic Condition
Description Moment Load Shearing Moment Load Shearing
M (tfm) N (tf) S (tf) M (tfm) N (tf) S (tf)
Section A-A
Abutment Body 7.10 50.31 0.00 23.38 50.31 9.06
Reaction at Abutment 34.49 137.96 0.00 82.18 71.27 12.83
Hydrostatic pressure -30.08 0.00 -26.93 -30.08 0.00 -26.93
Earth Pressure 76.72 0.00 41.07 95.92 0.00 54.64 1.2502705
Total 88.24 188.28 14.14 171 121.59 49.59
Section B-B
Abutment Body 0.00 22.40 0.00 2.55 22.40 4.03
Reaction at Abutment 34.49 137.96 0.00 39.20 71.27 12.83
Hydrostatic pressure 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Earth Pressure 5.10 0.00 6.71 4.88 0.00 7.32 0.9572654
Total 40 160.37 6.71 47 93.68 24.18

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5 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Rectangular Beam, Normal Condition

1) Cracking Moment Section A-A Section B-B

Mc= Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac) Mc= 27576697 kgf.cm/m 6928511 kgf.cm/m

= 276 tf.m/m 69 tf.m/m
where, Mc Cracking Moment kgf.cm kgf.cm
Zc Section Modulus
Zc=1/6*b*h12 b=100 cm 800,000 cm3 162,591 cm3
s'ck Tensile strength of Concrete (bending)
s'ck = 0.5*sck2/3 15.6 kgf/cm2 15.6 kgf/cm2
s ck= 175 kgf/cm2
N Axial force 188,276 kg 121,586 kg
Ac Area of Concrete = b*h1 10000 cm2 4508 cm2
h1 thickness of section, B5 100 cm 45 cm
b 480 cm 480 cm

Section A-A Section B-B

1) Design Bending Moment Mf= 88 tf.m/m 40 tf.m/m

2) Required Bar Area As_req= Mf / (s sa*j*d)

As_req= 59 cm2 26 cm2
s sa= Allowable Stress R-bar 1850 kgf/cm2 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 - k/3 0.854 0.854
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 24 24
sca= Allowable Stress Concrete 60 kgf/cm2 60 kgf/cm2
d= Effective height = h1-d1 95 cm 95 cm
d1= 5 cm
h1= 100 cm

3) Ultimate Bending Moment Mu= As*ssy { d - 0.5*[As*ssy]/[0.85*sck*b]}

Mu= 165 tf.m 75 tf.m
Mu= Ultimate Bending Moment
As= Area of Tensile Bar
ssy= Yielding point of Tensile Bar (Spec >295 N/mm2) 3000 kgf/cm2 3000 kgf/cm2
s'ck= Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2 175 kgf/cm2
b= Effective Width 480 cm 480 cm

4) Checking : Single or Double Bar Arrangement M1= (d/Cs)2*ssa*b

M1= 486 tf.m 486 tf.m
M1= Resistance moment
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2 12.844 12.844
j= 1 - k/3 0.854 0.854
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438 0.438
n= ssa/sca 31 31
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2 1850 kgf/cm2
sca= 60 kgf/cm2 60 kgf/cm2

Check : M1 > Mf ? M1= 486 tf.m 486 tf.m

Mf= 88 tf.m 40 tf.m
Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only Mf < Ml : Tensile Bar Only

(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area : 2%*b*d As max = 912 cm2 912 cm2

Min Bar Area : 4.5%*b As min = 22 cm2 22 cm2
Estimation of Required Bar Area : As_req= 59 cm2 26 cm2
Apply f : 25 @ 150 25 @ 300
Required Bar Nos : b/pitch= 32 nos 16 nos
Bar Area : As= 157 cm2 79 cm2
ok ok

Resistance Moment by Tensile bar As2 As1= Mf / {ssa*j*d}

As1= 59 cm2 63 cm2
As2= 98 cm2 16 cm2
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2 1850 kgf/cm2
d= 95 cm 40.081967 cm
d2= 5 cm 5 cm
d
h Mrs= ssa*As2*(d-d2)
d1 Mrs= 164 tf.m 10 tf.m
As=As1+As2

(b) Compressive Bar ( in case Mf > Ml ) M' = Mf - M1

M'= 0 tf.m 0 tf.m
As'_req= M' / [ssa*(d - d2)]
As'_req= 0 cm2 0 cm2
As' M1= 486 tf.m 486 tf.m
Mf= 88 tf.m 40 tf.m

h d d2 d= 95 cm 95 cm
d1 d2= 0 cm 0 cm
As ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2 1850 kgf/cm2
Required Bar Area : As'_req= 0 cm2 0 cm2
Apply f =

15/38 363781444.xls, Body

Bar Area : As' = 0 cm2 ok 0 cm2 ok

16/38 363781444.xls, Body

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf= 88 tf.m 40 tf.m
S= 14 tf 50 tf
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= 665 kgf/cm2 ok 1,371 kgf/cm2 ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= 14 kgf/cm2 ok 45 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 0 kgf/cm2 ok 1 kgf/cm2 ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.003 0.002
k= {(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p= 0.332 0.249
j= 1-k/3= 0.889 0.917
b= 480 cm 480 cm
b d= 95 cm 95 cm
n= 24 24

x=kd
h d

As
d1

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= 0 tf.m 0 tf.m
S= 0 tf 0 tf
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= 0 kgf/cm2 ok 0 kgf/cm2 ok
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= 0 kgf/cm2 ok 0 kgf/cm2 ok
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= 0 kgf/cm2 ok 0 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 0 kgf/cm2 ok 0 kgf/cm2 ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.003 0.002
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.000 0.000
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.332 0.249
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.148 0.114
j= (1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)= 0.889 0.917
b= 480 cm 480 cm
b d2= 0 cm 0 cm
d2 d= 95 cm 95 cm
n= 24 24
As' x=kd
h d

As
d1

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6 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar as Column, Seismic Condition

1) Minimum Area as Column Section A-A Section B-B

Acmin = N / (0.008*ssa+sca) 1,084 cm2 835 cm2

ssa= Allowable stress of Reinforcement bar 2775 kgf/m2 2775 kgf/m2
sca= Allowable stress of Concrete 90 kgf/m2 90 kgf/m2
N= Axial force 122 tf 94 tf
Acdes= b*h 48,000 > Acmin ok 21,639 > Acmin ok

Minimum Reinforcement Bar

(a) As a beam 4.5% * b As min= 22 cm2 22 cm2
(b) As a column 0.8% * Acmin As min= 9 cm2 7 cm2

Maximum Reinforcement Bar

(a) As a beam 2%*b*d As max = 912 cm2 385 cm2
(b) As a column 6% * Ac As max = 2,880 cm2 1,298 cm2

2) Required Reinforcement Bar

Design Bending Moment Mf= 171 tf.m 47 tf.m

As_req= {[sc*(s/2)-N/(b*d)]/ssa}*b*d
As_req= 49 cm2 29 cm2

sc= Stress of concrete sc= 50.24 kg.cm2 65.60 kg.cm2

Eq1= sc3 + [3*ssa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d2)]*sc2 - 6*Ms/(n*b*d2)*ssa*sc - 3*Ms/(n2*b*d2)*ssa2 = 0
ssa= Allowable stress of Reinforcement Bar 2775 kg.cm2 2775 kg.cm2
Ms= Eccentric Moment, Ms=N(e+c) 22611948 kgf.cm 6305791 kgf.cm
e= Essentric Distance e=M/N 140.98 cm 49.77 cm
M= Design Bending Moment 171 tf.m 47 tf.m
N= Axial Force 122 tf 94 tf
n= Young's Modulus Ratio 16 16
c= c=h/2 - d1 45 cm 17.540984 cm
h= Height of Section 100 cm 45 cm
b= Width of section 480 cm 480 cm
d1= Concrete Cover 5 cm 5 cm
d= Effective Width of section d=h-d1 95 cm 40 cm
s= n*sc/(n*sc+ssa) 0.225 0.274
[3*ssa/(2*n)-3*Ms/(b*d2)]= 244 236
6*Ms/(n*b*d2)*ssa= 5,432 8,509
3*Ms/(n2*b*d^2)*ssa2= 471,039 737,917
sc (trial)= 50 sc (trial)= 66
Eq1 (trial)= 0 re-check Eq1 (trial)= 0 ok
cross check 0 ok cross check 0 ok

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu= c*(h/2-0.4X)+Ts'(h/2-d2)+Ts(h/2-d1)
Mu= Ultimate Bending Moment (tf.m) Mu= 204 tf.m 59 tf.m
Mu= Min (Mu1,Mu2) in case X>0 in case X<0 in case X>0 in case X<0
Mu1= 20409412 27050367 5940836 7110183

c= 0.68*sck*b*X 275127 -388.64 214499.63 -292.00

sck= design strength of Concrete 175 kg/cm2 175 kg/cm2
b= Width of section 480 cm 480 cm
X= solve the equation Eq2 below 4.817 -3.266 3.755 -2.454
Ts'= As'*Es*ecu*(X-d2)/X -6841 454834 -34893 319766
As'= Compressive Bar, As'=0.5 As 24 14
As= Required Reinforcement Bar (Tensile) 49 29
Es= Young's modulus (reinforcement bar) 2,100,000 2,100,000
ecu= Creep strain coefficient (concrete) 0 0
h= Height of Section 100 cm 45 cm
d1= Concrete Cover (tensile side) 5 cm 5 cm
d2= Concrete Cover (compressive side) 5 cm 5 cm

Eq2 = a*X2 + (b-Ts-N)*X-b*d2 = 0

a= 0.68*sck*b 50 57120 57120
b= As'*Es*ecu 179708 105266
Ts= As*ssy 146700 85931
ssy= Yielding point of Tensile Bar (Spec >295 N/mm2) 3000 kgf/cm2 3000 kgf/cm2
N= Axial Force 121586 kgf 93676 kgf
put a,b,c as follows : a= a = 57120 57120
b= b-Ts-N = -88578 -74341
c= - b*d2 = -898538 -526330

then, X= (-b + (b2-4ac)0.2 ) / (2*a)= 4.817 3.755

X= (-b - (b2-4ac)0.2 ) / (2*a)= -3.266 -2.454

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4) Bar Arrangement

d d2
d1

Max Bar Area : As max = 912 cm2 385 cm2

Min Bar Area : As min = 22 cm2 22 cm2

(a) Tensile Bar

Required Bar Area As req= 49 cm2 29 cm2
Apply f = 25 @ 150 25 @ 300
Column width b= 480 cm2 480 cm2
Bar Area As = 157 cm2 ok 79 cm2 ok

(b) Compressive Bar

Required Bar Area As' req= 24 cm2 14 cm2
Apply f = 25 @ 300 25 @ 300
Column width b= 480 cm2 480 cm2
Bar Area As' = 79 cm2 ok 79 cm2 ok
(c ) Hoop Bar
Minimum Diameter f' min = 12 mm 12 mm
Apply f' = 16 mm 16 mm
Bar Interval shall satisfy the following conditions:
d = 950 mm 400.81967 mm
t < 12*f = 300 mm 300 mm
t < 48*f '= 768 mm 768 mm
then t= 200 mm ok 200 mm ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress, Seismic Condition

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf= 171 tf.m 47 tf.m
S= 50 tf 24 tf
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= 1,268 kgf/cm2 ok 1,647 kgf/cm2 ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= 31 kgf/cm2 ok 45 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 1 kgf/cm2 ok 1 kgf/cm2 ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.00344 0.00408
k= {(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p= 0.28144 0.30197
j= 1-k/3= 0.90619 0.89934
b b= 480 cm 480 cm
d= 95 cm 40.081967 cm
n= 16 16
x=kd
h d

As
d1

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= 171 tf.m 47 tf.m
S= 50 tf 24 tf
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= 28 kgf/cm2 ok 39 kgf/cm2 ok
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= 1,252 kgf/cm2 ok 1,643 kgf/cm2 ok
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= 359 kgf/cm2 ok 339 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 1 kgf/cm2 ok 1 kgf/cm2 ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.003 0.004
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.002 0.004
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.264 0.274
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.141 0.156
j= (1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)= 0.917 0.902
b= 480 cm 480 cm
b
d2= 5 cm 5 cm
d2
d= 95 cm 40.081967 cm
n= 16 16
As' x=kd
h d

As
d1

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7 Check for Stress of Concrete and Reinforcement bar as Column
Section A-A Section B-B
Normal Seismic Normal Seismic
Height of section h cm 100 100 45 45
Effective width b cm 480 480 480 480
Concrete cover d1 cm 5 5 5 5
d2 cm 5 5 5 5
Reinforcement bar As cm2 157 157 79 79
As' cm2 0 79 0 79
Morment Mf kgf/cm 8.82.E+06 1.71.E+07 3.96.E+06 4.66.E+06
Axcis force N kgf 188,276 121,586 160,366 93,676
Shearing force S kgf 14,139 49,592 6,705 24,179
Young's modulus ratio n 24 16 24 16
c 45 45 18 18
e 47 141 25 50
a1 -9 273 6 82
b1 4329 7350 995 1564
c1 -411269 -562586 -39879 -44914
Neutral line x 58 33 23 15
0 0 0 0
ok ok ok ok
a2 13860 7809 5637 3585
b2 31 39 15 18
b3 2938 3476 1408 1476
b4 53 28 18 10
b5 2938 3476 1408 1476
b6 37 62 17 25
Stressing sc 12.78 ok 27.71 ok 29.92 ok 40.64 ok
ss 197.80 ok 851.05 ok 507.23 ok 1094.73 ok
ss' 280.11 ok 375.22 ok 565.19 ok 432.57 ok
tc 0.34 ok 1.19 ok 0.38 ok 1.37 ok

SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION

Section A-A Section B-B
Description Abbr. unit Normal Condition Seismic Condition Normal Condition Seismic Condition
Calculation Condition Rectangular Beam Column Rectangular Beam Column

Principle Dimensions
Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175 175 175
Effective width of section b cm 480 480 480 480
Height of Section h cm 100 100 45 45
Concrete Cover (tensile) d1 cm 5 5 5 5
Concrete Cover (compressive) d2 cm 5 5 5 5
Effective height of Section d cm 95 95.0 40.081967 40.081967
Allowable Stress Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 90 60 90
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 2775 1850 2775
Shearing ta kgf/m2 5.5 8.25 5.5 8.25
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000 3000 3000
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar Required As_req. cm2 59 49 26 29
Designed As cm2 157 157 79 79
D25@150 D25@150 D25@300 D25@300
Compressive Bar Required As'_req. cm2 0 24 0 14
Designed As' cm2 0 79 0 79
D25@300 D25@300
Hoop Bar Designed Aso D16@200 D16@200
Design Load
Design Bending Moment Mf tf.m 88 171 40 47
Design Axis Force Nd tf 188 122 160 94
Shearing Force S tf 14 50 7 24

Checking of Minimum Re-Bar

Ultimate Bending Moment Mu tf.m 165 204 75 59
Max Re-bar As max cm2 912 912 912 385
Min Re-bar As min cm2 22 22 22 22
Required Bar As req. cm2 59 73 26 43
Area of Re-bar for Design As_tot=As+As' cm2 157 236 79 157
Checking of Allowable Stress
Rectangular Beam
Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 16 24 16
Effective height d cm 95 95 40.081967 40.081967
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 14 ok 45 ok
Bending Tensile Stress ss kgf/cm2 665 ok 1,371 ok
ss' kgf/cm2 - -
Mean Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 0 ok 1 ok
Column
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 13 ok 28 ok 30 ok 41 ok
Bending Stress ss kgf/cm2 198 ok 851 ok 507 ok 1,095 ok
ss' kgf/cm2 280 ok 375 ok 565 ok 433 ok
Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 0 ok 1 ok 0 ok 1 ok

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B FOOTING

1 Load and Bending Moment of Footing

1) Computation Conditions
l1
Normal Condition Toe Side

M
(0,0)

Ra=Qmax Ra'

Q max Q min
B4

BT
Heel Side
l2

Seismic Condition M
(0,0)

Q Ra' Ra=Qmin

X
B6
BT

2) Footing
Dimensions unit:m
B4 B5 B6 BT H3 H4 HT
B4 B5 B6 4.00 1.00 3.00 8.00 0.00 0.55 5.90
Abutment Width HT-H3-H4
Bw= 4.80 m 5.35
H3 6 7 8
Unit Weight of Material
F1 F2 F3 Soil 1800 kgf/m3 1.80 tf/m3
H4
9 Concrete 2400 kgf/m3 2.40 tf/m3
Surcharge Load q 700 kgf/m3 0.70 tf/m3
BT
q'= q seismic 0 kgf/m3 0 tf/m3

Toe Side normal condition seismic condition

Area unit Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment Seismic Coefficient
No. weight Load X Mx Load Y My Kh= 0.18
m2 tf/m3 tf/m m tf.m/m tf/m m tf.m/m
6 0.000 2.4 0.000 1.333 0.000 0.000 0.550 0.000
F1 2.200 2.4 5.280 2.000 10.560 0.950 0.275 0.261
sub-total 5.280 10.560 0.950 0.261
Distance l1 l1 (X) 2.000 m l1 (Y) 0.275 m

Heel Side normal condition seismic condition

Area unit Vertical Distance Moment Horizontal Distance Moment
No. weight Load N X Mx Load Y My
m2 tf/m3 tf/m m tf.m/m tf/m m tf.m/m
8 0.000 2.400 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.000 0.550 0.000
F3 1.650 2.400 3.960 1.500 5.940 0.713 0.275 0.196
sub-total 3.960 5.940 0.713 0.196
Distance l2 l2 (X) 1.500 m l2 (Y) 0.275 m

3) Earth Pressure, Heel Side Only

Normal Condition Seismic Condition
Dead Load (soil) W1= 31.886 tf/m We1= 31.886 tf/m
Distance l3=Xo-(B4+B5) l3= 1.432 m l3= 1.432 m
Bending Moment Md Md= 45.652 tf.m/m Mde= 45.652 tf.m/m

Surcharge Load W2=q*B6 W2= 2.100 tf/m We2= 0.000 tf/m

Distance l4=B6/2 l4= 1.500 m l4= 1.500 m
Bending Moment Ms Ms= 3.150 tf.m/m Mse= 0.000 tf.m/m

Vertical Earth Pressure Pv= Pv= 3.000 tf/m Pve= 2.890 tf/m
Pv=sin d*{ (1/2)*Ka*g*HT^2 + q*Ka*HT}
Coefficient of active earth pressure Ka= 0.297 Kea= 0.433
Angle between earth and wall d= 0.3491 radian d e= 0.2618 radian
Distance l5 =B6*(2/3) l5 = 2.000 l5 = 2.000 m
Bending Moment Me Me= 6.001 tf.m/m Mee= 5.780 tf.m/m

21/38 363781444.xls, Footing

 4) Reaction from Foundation

Reaction from the Foundation

Normal Q max -0.487 tf/m2
Qmin 13.717 tf/m2
Seismic Qmax -7.909 tf/m2
Qmin 18.529
X 8.000 m

Reaction from Foundation, Toe Side

Normal Condition
Rat= Q max Rat= -0.487 tf/m2 Cantilever length =B4= 4.000 m
Ra't= Q max-(B4/BT)*(Q max - Qmin) Ra't= 6.615 tf/m2
Seismic Condition
Reat= Q Reat= -7.909 tf/m2 Cantilever length =B4= 4.000 m
Rea't= Q*(X-B4)/X Reat'= -3.955 tf/m2

Reaction from Foundation, Heel Side

Normal Condition
Rah= Q min Rah= 13.717 tf/m2 Cantilever length =B6= 3.000 m
Ra'h= Q max-[(B4+B5)/BT]*(Q max - Qmin) Ra'h= 8.390 tf/m2
Seismic Condition
Reah'= Q*(X-B4-B5)/X Rea'h= 8.615 tf/m2 Cantilever length =X-B4-B5= 3.000 m
Reah= Qmin Reah= 18.529 tf/m2
Reah'= Q*(X-B4-B5)/X Rea'h= -2.966 tf/m2 Cantilever length =X-B4-B5= 16.958 m
Reah= 0 Reah= 0.000 tf/m2
Reah'= Q*(X-B4-B5)/X Rea'h= 8.615 tf/m2 Cantilever length =X-B4-B5= 3.000 m
Reah= Qmin Reah= 18.529 tf/m2

5) Intersectional Force due Reaction

Axial Force = 0 tf/m per m
Toe Section Heel Section
Normal Condition Seismic Condition Normal Condition Seismic Condition
Description Moment Shearing Moment Shearing Moment Shearing Moment Shearing
M S Me Se M S Me Se
(tf.m/m) (tf/m) (tf.m/m) (tf/m) (tf.m/m) (tf/m) (tf.m/m) (tf/m)
Footing -10.560 -5.280 -10.560 -5.280 5.940 3.960 5.940 3.960
Dead Load, Earth 45.652 31.886 45.652 31.886
Surcharge Load 3.150 2.100 0.000 0.000
Earth Pressure 6.001 3.000 5.780 2.890
Reaction form Foundation 15.042 12.256 -52.728 -23.728 -53.737 -33.161 -68.509 -40.715
Total - per m 4.482 6.976 -63.288 -29.008 7.006 7.785 -11.137 -1.980
Total -4.8 m 21.514 33.483 -303.783 -139.237 33.627 37.366 -53.459 -9.504

2 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar : Toe Section

1) Design Bending Moment ( Mf )

Normal Condition M= 4.482 tf.m/m

Seismic Condition Me= -63.288 tf.m/m
Max. Design Bending Moment Mf= 4.48 tf.m/m

2) Required Bar Area

As= Mf / (s sa*j*d) 5.67 cm2
s sa= Allowable Stress R-bar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 - k/3 0.854
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 24
sca= Allowable Stress Concrete 60 kgf/cm2

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 8.41E+05 kgf.cm

8.41 tf.m
where, Mu Ultimate Bending Moment
As Area of Tensile Bar
s sy Yielding point of Tensile Bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d Effective height = h1-cover 50 cm
cover d1= 5 cm
h1= 55 cm
s'ck Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm

4) Checking of Single or Double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)2*ssa*b
M1= 2.80E+06 kgf.cm/m
= 28.04 tf.m/m
M1= Resistance moment
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2 12.844
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 30.833
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2 Compressive
sca= 60 kgf/cm2
n= 24 Tensile
Check M1 > Mf? M1= 28.037 tf.m
Mf= 4.482 tf.m M1 > Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only

(a) Tensile Bar

22/38 363781444.xls, Footing

 Max Bar Area : 2%*b*d = 100.00 cm2
Min Bar Area : 4.5%*b = 4.50 cm2
Required Bar Area As req= 5.67 cm2 h d
Apply f = 25 @ 150 d1
Required Bar Nos Nos=b/pitch = 6.6666667 nos
Bar Area As = 32.72 cm2 ok

(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' = Mf - M1
M'= 0.00 tf.m
As' = M' / [ssa*(d - d2)] h d d2
Required Bar Area As'= 0.00 cm2 d1
d= 50 cm
d2= 0.00 cm
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2
Apply f =
Bar Area As' = 0.00 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf= 4.48 tf.m/m b
S= 6.98 tf/m
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= 319.14 kgf/cm2 ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= 9.83 kgf/cm2 ok x=kd
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 1.63 kgf/cm2 ok h d
p= As/(b*d)= 0.01 b= 100 cm
k= {(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p= 0.43 d= 50 cm As
j= 1-k/3= 0.86 n= 24 d1

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= 4.48 tf.m
S= 6.98 tf
b
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= 9.83 kgf/cm2 ok
d2
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= 319.14 kgf/cm2 ok
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= 235.90 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 1.63 kgf/cm2 ok As' x=kd
p= As/(b*d)= 0.01 h d
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.00 b= 100 cm
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.43 d= 50 cm As
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.18 d2= 0.00 cm d1
j= (1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)= 0.86 n= 24

3 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar : Heel Section ( Normal Condition )

1) Design Bending Moment Me>0 Me<0

Normal Condition M= 7.006 tf.m/m

Seismic Condition Me= -11.137 tf.m/m
Mf= 7.01 tf.m/m Tensile Compressive

Compressivee Tensile
2) Required Bar Area

As= Mf / (s sa*j*d) 8.87 cm2

s sa= Allowable Stress R-bar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 - k/3 0.854
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 24
sca= Allowable Stress Concrete 60 kgf/cm2

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 1306309 kgf.cm

= 13.06 tf.m
where, Mu Ultimate Bending Moment
As Area of Tensile Bar
s sy Yielding point of Tensile Bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d Effective height = h1-cover 50 cm
cover d1= 5 cm
h1= 55 cm
s'ck Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm

4) Checking of Single or Double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)2*ssa*b M1= 3602031.58 kgf.cm/m

= 36.02 tf.m/m
M1= Resistance moment Mf= 7.006 tf.m M1>Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2 11.33
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 24

(a) Tensile Bar

Max Bar Area : 2%*b*d = 110.00 cm2

d

23/38 363781444.xls, Footing

 Min Bar Area : 4.5%*b = 4.50 cm2 h d
Required Bar Area As req= 8.87 cm2 d1
Apply f = 25 @ 150
Required Bar Nos Nos=b/pitch = 6.6666667 nos Pitch shall be same as that of toe
Bar Area As = 32.72 cm2 ok

(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' = Mf - M1 M'= 0.00 tf.m
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)] As'= 0.00 cm2
d= 50 cm h d d2
d2= 0.00 cm d1
Required Bar Area As' req= 0.00 cm2
Apply f =
Bar Area As' = 0.00 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only
Mf= 7.01 tf.m/m b
S= 7.78 tf/m
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= 498.82 kgf/cm2 ok ok
x=kd
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= 15.36 kgf/cm2 ok ok
h d
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 1.81 kgf/cm2 ok ok
p= As/(b*d)= 0.01 b= 100 cm
As
k= {(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p= 0.43 d= 50 cm d1
j= 1-k/3= 0.86 n= 24

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= 7.01 tf.m
S= 7.78 tf
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= 15.36 kgf/cm2 ok
b
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= 498.82 kgf/cm2 ok
d2
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= 368.71 kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= 1.81 kgf/cm2 ok
As' x=kd
p= As/(b*d)= 0.01 h d
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.00
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.43 b= 100 cm As
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.18 d= 50 cm d1
j= (1-d2/d)+k2/{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)= 0.86 d2= 0.00 cm
n= 24

4 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar : Heel Section ( Seismic Condition )

1) Design Bending Moment Me>0 Me<0

Normal Condition M= 7.006 tf.m/m

Seismic Condition Me= -11.137 tf.m/m
Mf= (11.14) tf.m/m Tensile Compressive
Compressivee Tensile

2) Required Bar Area

As= Mf / (s sa*j*d) (9.06) cm2

s sa= Allowable Stress R-bar 2775 kgf/cm2
j= 1 - k/3 0.886
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.438
n= Young's modulus ratio 16
sca= Allowable Stress Concrete 90 kgf/cm2

3) Ultimate Bending Moment Mu= -1.38E+06 kgf.cm

= (13.84) tf.m
where, Mu Ultimate Bending Moment
As Area of Tensile Bar
s sy Yielding point of Tensile Bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d Effective height = h1-cover 50 cm
cover d1= 5 cm
h1= 55 cm
s'ck Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm

4) Checking of Single or Double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)2*ssa*b M1= 6.56E+06 kgf.cm/m

= 65.63 tf.m/m

M1= Resistance moment Mf= -11.137 tf.m M1>Mf : Design Tensile Bar Only
Cs= { 2n / ( k*j ) }1/2 10.281
k= n / (n + ssa / sca) 0.342
n= Young's modulus ratio 16

24/38 363781444.xls, Footing

 (a) Tensile Bar
Max Bar Area : 2%*b*d = 0.00 cm2
Min Bar Area : 4.5%*b = (0.62) cm2 h d
Required Bar Area As req= (9.06) cm2 d1
Apply f = 25 @ 150
Required Bar Nos Nos=b/pitch = 6.6666667 nos
Bar Area As = 32.72 cm2 check or arrange compressive bar

(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' = Mf - M1 M'= 0.00 tf.m
As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)] As'= 0.00 cm2
d= 50 cm d
h d2
d2= 0.00 cm
Required Bar Area As' req= 0.00 cm2 d1
Apply f =
Bar Area As' = 0.00 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf= (11.14) tf.m/m b
S= (1.98) tf/m
ss = Mf/(As*j*d)= (774.87) kgf/cm2 ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d2)= (27.81) kgf/cm2 ok x=kd
tm = S/(b*j*d)= (0.45) kgf/cm2 ok h d
p= As/(b*d)= 0.01 b= 100 cm
As
k= {(n*p)2+2*n*p}1/2 - n*p= 0.36 d= 50 cm
j= 1-k/3= 0.88 n= 16 d1

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar

Mf= (11.14) tf.m
S= (1.98) tf
sc = Mf/(b*d2*Lc)= (27.81) kgf/cm2 ok
b
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k= (774.87) kgf/cm2 ok
d2
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k= (444.93) kgf/cm2 ok
tm = S/(b*j*d)= (0.45) kgf/cm2 ok
As' x=kd
p= As/(b*d)= 0.01
h d
p'= p'=As'/(b*d)= 0.00
k= {n2(p+p')2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}1/2-n(p+p')= 0.36 b= 100 cm As
Lc= 0.5 k (1-k/3)+(np'/k) (k-d2/d)(1-d2/d)= 0.16 d= 50 cm d1
j= (1-d2/d)+k /{2*n*p*(1-k)}*(d2/d-k/3)=
2
0.88 d2= 0.00 cm
n= 16

SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION, FOOTING

Description Abbr. unit Toe Side Heel Side

Calculation Condition Normal Normal Seismic
Principle Dimensions
Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175 175
Effective width of section b cm 100 100 100
Height of Section, H4 h cm 55 55 55
Concrete Cover (tensile) d1 cm 5 5 5
Concrete Cover (compressive) d2 cm 0 0 0
Effective height of Section d cm 50 50 50
Allowable Stress Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 60 90
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 1850 2775
Shearing ta kgf/m2 5.5 5.5 8.25
tma kgf/m2 14 14 21
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000 3000
Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar Required As req. cm2 5.67 8.87 -9.06
Designed As cm2 32.72 32.72 32.72
D25@150 D25@150 25 @ 150
Compressive Bar Required As' req. cm2 0.00 0.00 0.00
Designed As' cm2 0.00 0.00 0.00
Design Load
Design Bending Moment Mf tf.m/m 4.48 7.01 (13.84)
Design Axis Force Nd tf/m 0.00 0.00 0.00
Shearing Force S tf/m 6.98 7.78 (1.98)
Ultimate Bending Moment Mu tf.m 8.41 13.06 (13.84)
Resistance moment (single bar) Ml tf.m 28.04 36.02 65.63
Max Re-bar As max cm2 100.00 110.00 -0.45
Min Re-bar As min cm2 4.50 4.50 4.50
Required Bar As req. cm2 5.67 8.87 -9.06
Area of Re-bar for Design As cm2 32.72 32.72 32.72
Checking of Allowable Stress
Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 24 16
Effective height d-d1 cm 50 50 50
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 9.83 ok 15.36 ok (27.81) ok
Bending Tensile Stress ss kgf/cm2 319.14 ok 498.82 ok (774.87) ok
ss' kgf/cm2
Mean Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 1.63 ok 1.81 ok (0.45) ok

25/38 363781444.xls, Footing

C PARAPET WALL

1 Sectional Force without Impact Plate

(1) Rear Face Reinforcement Bar Mo= Mp + Me

So= Sp + Ph
T-Load Earth Pressure
b
where,
a Mo Bending Moment at Parapet (tfm/m)
So Shearing Force at Platform (tf/m)
Mp Bending Moment due T-Load (tfm/m)
Me Bending Moment due Earth Pressure (tfm/m)
Sp Shearing Force dueT-Load (tf/m)
Ph Earth Pressure (tf/m)
H1

gKaH1

1) Sectional Force due to T-Load

Mp= Ka T/1.375*{-H1+(H1+a)*ln[(a+H1)/a] 2.487 tfm
Sp= Ka T/1.375*ln[(a+H1)/a] 3.874 tf

where, Ka Coefficient of active earth pressure 0.297

T Wheel load of T-Load 10.000 tf
a contact width of T-load 0.200 m
H1 Height of Parapet 1.000 m

2) Sectional Force due to Earth Pressure

Ph= 0.5 g *Kah*H1^2 Ph= 0.264 tf
Me= (1/3)*Ph*H1 Me= 0.088 tfm

where, Kah Ka*cos d 0.293

d friction angle between the parapet wall and soil = (1/3)f 0.175 (radian)
g Unit Weight of Soil 1.800 tf/m3
H1 Height of Parapet 1.000 m

3) Summary of Sectional Force

Mo= Mp + Me 2.575 tfm
So= Sp + Ph 4.138 tf

2. Sectional Force with Impact Plate

(1) Front Face Reinforcement Bar (compute under normal condition)

Lo
R
Lo-Bu
Lx w1

Ds w2

Ft

B1 B2 Bu L=0.7 Lo

Rf= (1/2)*Wd*Lo Rf= 3.645 tf/m

Rp= T/1.375 Rp= 7.273 tf/m
R= Rf + Rp R= 10.918 tf/m B2= 0.30 m
Lx= (1/2)*B2+Bu Lx= 0.450 m Bu= 0.30 m (=Lp)
Mf= R*Lx Mf= 4.913 tfm/m

where, Rf Reaction due self weight Wd tf

Wd w1 + w2 2.43 tf/m2
w1 weight of soil on impact plate 0.99 tf/m2
w2 self-weight of impact plate 1.44 tf/m2
Lo Length of Impact Plate 3.00 m Thickness of impact plate Ft= 0.60 m
Rp Reaction due to T-Load tf Soil depth above plate Ds= 0.50 m
R Total Reaction tf Thickness of pavement Dp= 0.05 m
Lx Distance from center of parapet to reaction point m Effective width of road B= 3.90 m
Bu width of corbel 0.30 m
Mf Bending Moment at Parapet tfm/m

26/38 363781444.xls, Parapet

 (2) Rear Face Reinforcement Bar (compute under seismic condition)

Lo

Ds
Ft
H1 RH H1
Yr he

B1 B2 Bu g Kah he

1) Sectional Force due to Impact Plate

Rh= 2*Rf*Kh 1.312 tf/m Lp= 0.300 m (= Bu)

Mr = Rh*Yr 0.919 tfm/m

where, Kh seismic coefficient 0.18

Yr = H1-Lp = 0.700 m

2) Sectional Force due to Earth Pressure

H1 > Ds ? H1= 1.000 m

H1-Ds= 0.500 m

Peh 1= (1/2)*g*Kah*Lp^2 0.024 tf/m

Me 1= Peh*[(Lp)*(1/3)+(H1-Lp)] 0.019 tfm/m
Peh 2= (1/2)*g*Kah*he^2 0.066 tf/m
Me 2= (1/3)*Peh*he 0.011 tfm/m

then Peh =Peh 1+ Peh2 0.090 tf/m

Me =Me 1+Me2 0.030 tfm/m

3) Intersectional Force of Parapet due to Earth Pressure

B1 B2

Lp Section Area Unit Weight Kh Seismic Distance Moment

(m2) Weight (tf) Weight
Gh (tf) y(m) Mg (tfm)
H1 1 10 Lp 1 0.300 2.4 0.72 0.18 0.130 0.500 0.065
Lp 10 0.090 2.4 0.216 0.18 0.039 0.350 0.014
11
11 0.045 2.4 0.108 0.18 0.019 0.400 0.008
S 0.188 0.086
B5 Note: if H1 < Dc, areas 10 & 11 would be counted as "0"

4) Summary of Intersectional Force

Mo= Mr+Me+Mg 1.035 tfm/m

So= Rh+Reh+Gh 1.590 tf/m

3. Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar

1) Cracking Moment

Mc= Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac) Mc= 234649.7 kgf.cm = 2.346 tf.m

where, Mc Cracking Moment kgf.cm

Zc Sectional Coefficient
Zc=b*B2^2/6 b=100 cm 15000 cm3
s'ck Tensile strength of Concrete (bending)
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3) 15.64 kgf/cm2
s ck= 175 kgf/cm2
N Axis force (=0) 0
Ac Area of Concrete = b*B2 3000 cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm
B2 Thickness of parapet 30 cm

2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

Design Bending Moment Mf 4.913 tf.m

Check Mf & Mc 1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment

1.7*Mf = 8.352 tf.m
Mc= 2.346 tf.m 1.7*Mf>Mc? Yes, check ultimate bending moment

27/38 363781444.xls, Parapet

3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 877503 kgf.cm = 8.775 tf.m

where, Mu Ultimate Bending Moment tf.m
As Area of Tensile Bar cm2
s sy Yielding point of Tensile Bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d Effective height = B2-cover 23 cm
cover d1= 7 cm
B2 = 30 cm
s'ck Design Compressive Strength of Concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b Effective Width 100 cm
As=Mf/(s sa*j*d) 13.519 cm2
s sa= Allowable Stress Rbar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 ) 0.854
or k = n/{n+s sa/s ca)
n= Young's modulus ratio 24
s ca Allowable Stress Concrete 60 kgf/cm2
Check Mu & Mc Mu = 8.775 tf.m
Mc = 2.346 tf.m Mu>Mc? ok

4) Bar Arrangement

(a) Front Face, with Impact Plate

Max Bar Area As max = 0.02*b*d = 46.0 cm2 Concrete Cover d1= 7 cm
Min Bar Area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2 Then d= 23 cm
Required Bar Area As req= 14.645 cm2
Apply f = 16 @ 125 mm
Bar Area As = 16.085 cm2 ok

(b) Rear Face, without Impact Plate

Max Bar Area As max = 0.02*b*d = 10.0 cm2 Concrete Cover d1= 25 cm
Min Bar Area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2 Then d= 5 cm
Required Bar Area As req= cm2
Apply f = 16 @ 250 mm spacing of body, tensile f 25 @ 300
Bar Area As = cm2

(c) Rear Face, with Impact Plate

Max Bar Area As max = 0.02*b*d = 40.0 cm2 Concrete Cover d1= 10 cm
Min Bar Area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2 Then d= 20 cm
Required Bar Area As req= 3.170 cm2
Apply f = 16 @ 250 mm spacing of body, tensile f 25 @ 300
Bar Area As = 8.042 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Front Face, with Impact Plate

Mf (front) 4.913 tf.m Concrete Cover d1= 7 cm
S 0.000 tf Then d= 23 cm
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) 1684.37 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) 37.12 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok
p=As/(b*d) 0.0230
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p 0.6347
j= 1-k/3 0.7884

(b) Rear Face, without Impact Plate

Mf (rear) 2.575 tf.m Concrete Cover d1= 10 cm
So 4.138 tf Then d= 20 cm
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ?
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ?
tm = S/(b*j*d) kgf/cm2 check tm < ta ?
p=As/(b*d)
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p
j= 1-k/3

(c) Rear Face, with Impact Plate

Mf (rear) 1.035 tf.m Concrete Cover d1= 10 cm
So 1.590 tf Then d= 20 cm
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) 729.13 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) 16.6 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok
tm = S/(b*j*d) 0.90 kgf/cm2 check tm < ta ? ok
p=As/(b*d) 0.0040
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p 0.3533
j= 1-k/3 0.8822

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4. Summary of Design Calculation
Description Abbr. unit Front Face Back Face
Provision on Impact Plate Yes No Yes Remarks
Calculation Condition Normal Normal Seismic

Principle Dimensions
Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175 175
Effective width of section b cm 100 100 100
Height of Parapet B2 cm 30 30 30
concrete cover (tensile) d1 cm 7 10 10
concrete cover (compressive) d2 cm 0 0 0
Effective width of Parapet d cm 23 20 20
Allowable Stress Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 60 90 (K175)
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 1850 2775
Shearing ta kgf/m2 5.5 5.5 8.25
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000 3000 (Spec >295 N/mm2)

Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar Required As req. cm2 14.64 3.17
Tensile Bar Designed As cm2 16.08 8.04
D16@125 D16@250
Design Load
Design Bending Moment Mf tf.m 4.913 2.575 1.035
Design Axis Force Nd tf 0.000 0.000 0.000
Shearing Force S tf 0.000 4.138 1.590

Checking of Minimum Re-Bar

Cracking Moment Mc tf.m 2.346 2.346 2.346
1.7*Mf 8.352 4.377 1.759
1.7*Mf < Mc ? If no, check Mu check Mu ok
Ultimate Bending Moment Mu tf.m 8.775
Mu > Mc ? ok
Max Re-bar As max cm2 46.0 10.0 40.0
Min Re-bar As min cm2 4.5 4.5 4.5
Required Bar As req. cm2 14.645 3.170
Area of Re-bar for Design As cm2 16.085 8.042

Checking of Allowable Stress

Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 24 16
Effective height d cm 23 20 20
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 37.12 16.6
Bending Tensile Stress ss kgf/cm2 1684.37 729.13
Mean Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 0 0.90

29/38 363781444.xls, Parapet

ABUTMENT : Bendung .

0.50 0.30

D16@200 D25@300
+ 11.65
D16@200
D16@200
1.00
+ 10.65

1.00
D16@200
0.40
D16@200 0.40
D16@200

4.35 D25@300
5.35 D25@300
5.90

D16@200 D16@200
2.95
2.18
D25@300
D25@150

D25@150
D19@100 D19@100 D25@150
+ 6.30
0.00
1.45
0.55
+ 5.75

D25@150 D25@150 D25@150

8.00

4.00 1.00 3.00

D IMPACT PLATE AND CORBEL

1 Design Parameters

Active load T-Load

Impact plate Length L= 3.00 m Span length Ls = 0.7*L= 2.10 m
Thickness h1= 0.60 m Width of corbel Lp= 0.30 m
Effective width of road B= 3.90 m Height of corbel h2= 0.30 m
Unit weight of plate gc = 2.40 tf/m3
Unit weight of soil gs = 1.80 tf/m3 Cover of R-bar
Soil depth above plate Ds= 0.05 m Impact plate d1= 5 cm
Thickness of pavement Dp= 0.05 m Corbel d3= 7 cm

2 Computation of Intersectional Force, Corbel

1) Dead Load

Impact plate 1.44 tf/m2

Soil above plate 0.09 tf/m2
Total dead load Wd= 1.53 tf/m2

2) Intersectional Force due Dead Load

Md= (1/8)*Wd*Ls^2 0.843413 tf.m

3) Intersectional Force due Live Load

wL=2*T*(1+ i)/{2.75*(a+2*d)} wL = 33.39051 tf/m2

ML={(1/4)*wL*Ls*(a+2*d)-(1/8)*wL*(a+2*d)^2}*a ML= 5.371698 tf.m

where, ML bending moment due live load

T: wheel load of T-load 10.00 tf
a contact width of T-load 0.20 m
i: impact coefficient
i=20/(50+L)= 0.377
Dp: thickness of pavement 0.05 m
a: coefficient 1.10

4) Total Intersectional Force

M=Md+ML 6.215111 tf.m

3 Corbel
1) Intersectional Force due Impact Plate

M1=R*bu M1= 3.275 tf.m

where, R total reaction form corbel 10.918 tf.m/m

bu width of corbel =Lp 0.300 m

2) Intersectional Force due Corbel

M2=(1/6)*(2w1+w2)*gc*bu^2 M2= 0.032 tf.m

where, w1 0.15 m
w2 0.60 m
gc = 2.40 tf/m3
bu 0.30 m

3) Total Intersectional Force

M=M1+M2 3.308 tf.m

3 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar for Impact Plate

1) Cracking Moment

Mc= Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac) Mc= 938599 kgf.cm = 9.386 tf.m

where, Mc cracking moment kgf.cm

Zc section modulus
Zc=b*h1^2/6 60000 cm3
b= 100 cm
s'ck tensile strength of concrete (bending)
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3) 15.643 kgf/cm2
s ck= 175 kgf/cm2
N axial force 0.000 tf
Ac area of concrete = b*h1 6000 cm2
h1 thickness of section, impact plate 60 cm

31/38 363781444.xls, Imp-Plate

2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

Design bending moment Mf 6.215 tf.m

Check Mf & Mc 1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment

1.7*Mf = 10.566 tf.m
Mc= 9.386 tf.m 1.7*Mf>Mc? Yes, check ultimate bending moment
3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 1164544 kgf.cm = 11.645 tf.m

where, Mu ultimate bending moment tf.m

As area of tensile bar cm2
s sy yielding point of tensile bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d effective height = h1-cover 55 cm
cover d1= 5 cm
h1= 60 cm
s'ck design compressive strength of concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b effective width 100 cm

As=Mf/(s sa*j*d) 7.152 cm2

s sa= allowable stress of reinforcement bar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 ) 0.854
or k = n/{n+s sa/s ca)
n= Young's modulus ratio 24
s ca allowable stress of concrete 60 kgf/cm2

Check Mu & Mc Mu = 11.645 tf.m

Mc = 9.386 tf.m Mu>Mc? ok

4) Bar Arrangement

Checking of single or double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)^2*ssa*b >Mf? M1= 3392530 kgf.cm = 33.925 tf.m

where, M1 resistance moment

Cs ={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2) 12.844
s (n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa) 0.438
m ssa/sca 30.833
ssa 1850 kgf/cm2
sca 60 kgf/cm2
n 24

Check M1 > Mf? M1= 33.925 tf.m M1>Mf: Design Tensile Bar Only
Mf= 6.215 tf.m

(a) Tensile Bar

Max bar area As max = 0.02*b*d = 110.0 cm2

Min bar area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2 h d
Required bar area As req= 7.152 cm2 d1
Apply f = 19 @ 150 mm
Bar area As = 18.902 cm2 ok

(b) Compressive Bar, in case M1<Mf

M' = Mf - M1=ssa*As'*(d - d2)

As' = M'/[ssa*(d - d2)] As'= 0.000 cm2 h
d d2
d= 55 cm M1= 33.925 tf.m
d2= 0 cm Mf= 6.215111 tf.m d1
ssa= 1850 kgf/cm2

Required bar area As' req= 0.000 cm2

Apply f = 16 @ 300 mm
Bar area As' = 6.702 cm2 ok

32/38 363781444.xls, Imp-Plate

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

(a) Tensile Bar Only

Mf 6.215111 tf.m
S 0 tf
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) 672.22 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) 13.92 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok b

p=As/(b*d) 0.0034 b= 100 cm

k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p 0.3320 d= 55 cm x=kd
j= 1-k/3 0.8893 n= 24 h d

(b) Tensile Bar & Compressive Bar As

d1
Mf 6.215111 tf.m
S 0.000 tf
sc = Mf/(b*d^2*Lc) 12.23 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok
ss = n*sc*(1-k)/k 654.64 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
ss' = n*sc*(k-d2/d)/k 293.45 kgf/cm2 check ss' < ssa ? ok
b
p=As/(bd) 0.0034 d2
p'=As'/(bd) 0.0012
k={n^2(p+p')^2+2n(p+p'*d2/d)}^05-n(p+p') 0.3095 As' x=kd
Lc=(1/2)k(1-k/3)+(np'/k)(k-d2/d)(1-d2/d) 0.1680 h d
b= 100 cm
d= 55 cm As
d2= 0 cm d1
n= 24

4 Calculation of Required Reinforcement Bar for Corbel

1) Cracking Moment

Mc= Zc*(s'ck + N/Ac) Mc= 234650 kgf.cm = 2.346 tf.m

where, Mc cracking moment kgf.cm

Zc section modulus
Zc=b*h2^2/6 15000 cm3
b= 100 cm
s'ck tensile strength of concrete (bending)
s'ck = 0.5*sck^(2/3) 15.643 kgf/cm2
s ck= 175 kgf/cm2
N axial force 0 tf
Ac area of concrete = b*h1 3000 cm2
h2 thickness of section, impact plate 30 cm

2) Checking of Cracking Moment and Design Bending Moment

Design bending moment Mf 3.308 tf.m

Check Mf & Mc 1.7*Mf>Mc?, if yes check ultimate bending moment

1.7*Mf = 5.624 tf.m
Mc= 2.346 tf.m 1.7*Mf>Mc? Yes, check ultimate bending moment
3) Ultimate Bending Moment

Mu=As*s sy{d-(1/2)*[As*s sy]/[0.85*s ck*b]} Mu= 603000 kgf.cm = 6.030 tf.m

where, Mu ultimate bending moment tf.m

As area of tensile bar cm2
s sy yielding point of tensile bar 3000 kgf/cm2 (Spec >295 N/mm2)
d effective height = h1-cover 23 cm
cover d1= 7 cm
h2= 30 cm
s'ck design compressive strength of concrete 175 kgf/cm2
b effective width 100 cm

As=Mf/(s sa*j*d) 9.102 cm2

s sa= allowable stress of reinforcement bar 1850 kgf/cm2
j= 1 -k/3 (=8/9 ) 0.854
or k = n/{n+s sa/s ca)
n= Young's modulus ratio = 12 24
s ca allowable stress of concrete 60 kgf/cm2

Check Mu & Mc Mu = 6.030 tf.m

Mc = 2.346 tf.m Mu>Mc? ok

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 4) Bar Arrangement

Checking of single or double bar arrangement

M1= (d/Cs)^2*ssa*b >Mf? M1= 593272 kgf.cm = 5.933 tf.m

where, M1 resistance moment

Cs ={2m/[s*(1-s/3)]}^(1/2) 12.844
s (n*sca)/(n*sca+ssa) 0.438
m ssa/sca 30.833
ssa 1850 kgf/cm2
sca 60 kgf/cm2
n 24

Check M1 > Mf? M1= 5.933 tf.m M1>Mf: Design Tensile Bar Only
Mf= 3.308 tf.m

(a) Tensile Bar

Max bar area As max = 0.02*b*d = 46.0 cm2

Min bar area As min = b*4.5%= 4.5 cm2
Required bar area As req= 9.102 cm2 h d
Apply f = 19 @ 300 mm d1
Bar area As = 9.451 cm2 ok

5) Checking of Allowable Stress

Mf 3.308 tf.m
So 0.000 tf
ss = Mf/(As*j*d) 1726.92 kgf/cm2 check ss < ssa ? ok
sc = 2*Mf/(k*j*b*d^2) 39.83 kgf/cm2 check sc < sca ? ok

p=As/(b*d) 0.0041
k={(n*p)^2+2*n*p}^0.5 - n*p 0.3563
j= 1-k/3 0.8812

SUMMARY OF DESIGN CALCULATION

Description Abbr. unit Impact Plate Corbel Remarks

Principle Dimensions
Concrete Design Strength sc kgf/m2 175 175
Effective width of section b cm 100 100
Height of Section h cm 60 30
concrete cover (tensile) d1 cm 5 7
concrete cover (compressive) d2 cm - -
Effective height of Section d cm 55 23
Allowable Stress Concrete sca kgf/m2 60 60 (K175)
Re-Bar ssa kgf/m2 1850 1850
Shearing ta kgf/m2 5.5 5.5
Yielding Point of Reinforcement Bar ssy kgf/cm2 3000 3000 (Spec >295 N/mm2)

Reinforcement Bar
Tensile Bar Required As req. cm2 7.15 9.10
Designed As cm2 18.90 D19@150 9.45 D19@300

Compressive Bar Required As' req. cm2 0.00

Designed As' cm2 6.70 D16@300

Design Load
Design Bending Moment Mf tf.m 6.215 3.308
Design Axis Force Nd tf - -
Shearing Force S tf - -

Checking of Minimum Re-Bar

Cracking Moment Mc tf.m 9.386 6.030
1.7*Mf 10.566 5.624
1.7*Mf<Mc? If "no" check Mu check Mu ok
Ultimate Bending Moment Mu tf.m 11.645
Mu>1.7*Mf? ok
Max Re-bar As max cm2 110.00 46.00
Min Re-bar As min cm2 4.50 4.50
Required Bar As req. cm2 7.15 9.10
Area of Re-bar for Design As cm2 18.90 9.45

Checking of Allowable Stress

Young's Modulus Ratio n 24 24
Effective height d cm 55 23
Compressive Stress sc kgf/cm2 13.92 ok 39.83 ok
Bending Tensile Stress ss kgf/cm2 672.22 ok 1,726.92 ok
ss' kgf/cm2 - -
Mean Shearing Stress tm kgf/cm2 - -

34/38 363781444.xls, Imp-Plate

Remarks
1 Input Data
"Input": Figure in red are input data.

2 There are two try and error calculation except input data such as dimension and condition.
To calculate them, click on the macro button at their right sides after inputting data.

(1) Sheet name "Body", G391 to K392 Button Calculate sc

(2) Sheet name "Body", H530 to N531. Button Calculate x

3 Allowable stress for "Body"

If allowable stress is "Check" for body, see Sheet "Body", calculation of stress

4 Minimum reinforcement bar

Step 1 Calculation of Md', find 1.7Md

Step 2 Comparison between Md' and Mc

if Md' > Mc go to step 3

Step 3 Calculation of Mu

Step 4 Comparison between Mu and Mc

Mu > Mc OK

5 Wing Wall
Wing Wall are not considered.

Revised
4-Nov-02 1 Bering capacity calculation was added.
Safety factor was revised as follows.
Normal condition 1.5 to 2.0
Seismic condition 1.2 to 1.25

9-Nov-02 2 Sheet " Footing"

Cell "H548" & "L548" is changed.
Figure "Mu" is not referred correctly. Therefore revised.

15-Nov-02 3 Sheet "Body"

Cell "I123" and "I150"
Water pressure calculated per m, there revised as per width.

29-Nov-02 4 All sheets

Some of inputting cells and calculation result cells have been rearranged.
Safety factors against sliding have been set at the same figures as retaining wall.
previous figure revised figure
normal condition 1.50 2.00
seismic condition 1.20 1.25
Reinforcement bar arrangements for additional bars and distribution bars have been added.

3-Dec-02 5 Modification of drawings

35/38 363781444.xls,Read me
 4-Dec-02 6 Modification of additional bar arrangement

12-Dec-02 7 Minor change: sheets "Stability", "Body" and "Footing"

28-Dec-02 8 Minor correction: sheet "Body" (calculation results are same as revision 7)

20-Jan-03 9 Sheet "Parapet"

Cells "K65", "L65" and "M65" were added.
Cells "C63" and "H66" were corrected.
Cells "D71", "D72", "H71", "I70", "I71" and "I72" were corrected.
Figure 600 on Cell "C86" was deleted.
Cells "K127" and "D150" were corrected.
Cells "C151", "D151", "H151" and "I151" were inserted.
Cell "L287" was corrected.
Sheet "Input"
Cell "L40"was modified.
Calculation formulae in Cells "J226", "J227" and "J228" were deleted.
Calculation formulae in Cells "L230", "L231" and "L232" were corrected.

2-Feb-03 10 Sheet "Input"

Input Cell "E41"was modified to calculation cell.
Input Cell "E42" was added.
Cells "B42", "E43", "G41" and "G42" were added.
Sheet "Stability"
Calculation formula in Cell "J267" was changed.
Sheet "Body"
Calculation formula in Cell "H66" was corrected.
Sheet "Footing"
Calculation formula in Cells "K120", "L120", "M120" and "N120" were corrected.

26-Feb-03 11 Sheet "Input"

Cell "G128" was corrected. Top side ------>> Toe side

36/38 363781444.xls,Read me
37/38 363781444.xls,Read me
tion formula in Cells "K120", "L120", "M120" and "N120" were corrected.

38/38 363781444.xls,Read me