Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
AGRICULTURAL
INJURY REPORTING
Agriculture-Related
Fatalities in Canada
Copyright Canadian Agricultural Injury Reporting (CAIR), 2016. All rights reserved
Quotes, whole tables and whole figures may be abstracted from this report as long as the Canadian
Agricultural Injury Reporting is referenced. No more than one page of the report may be
reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without written permission from CAIR.
Data published in this report may not be reanalyzed or reinterpreted without written permission
from CAIR.
Researched and compiled for CAIR by Injury Prevention Centre (IPC), University of Alberta,
4075 RTF, 8308-114 Street NW, Edmonton Alberta T6G 2E1
Acknowledgments 1
Chapter 1 Introduction 2
Chapter 2 Methods 5
Appendix B Glossary 29
C O N T AC T I N F O R M A T I O N
levels. Information gathered indicated that the The Canadian Agricultural Injury Reporting
programs data has contributed to informing, (CAIR) is a national program that is funded by
influencing and enacting policy development the Canadian Agricultural Safety Association
at both federal and provincial levels. Evidence (CASA). CAIR is a collaborative program
of strategic planning influences at provincial involving various organizations from across
and organizational levels is also apparent, and Canada. It is coordinated from a national oce
contributions can be linked to: child safety at the Injury Prevention Centre, University of
guidelines,3 child labour laws,4 occupational health Alberta, in Edmonton, Alberta. The people and
and safety guidelines,5 engineering standards,6 organizations that contribute to CAIR include
injury reduction, and health promotion strategies. researchers, government agencies and the
At an international level, the Government of agricultural industry.
Canada has cited CAIR reports in its 2003
submission to the United Nations Convention The main purpose of CAIR is to collect and
on the Rights of the Child and identified CAIR analyze information on agriculture-related
as playing an important role in influencing injuries from across Canada. CAIR established
childrens rights in Canada.7 CAIR has also been national standards for the collection of fatality and
identified as a tool for awareness raising, skill hospitalizations. Although a very rich data source,
building, and knowledge development through in 2002, CAIR ceased the collection of hospital
conference presentations, teleconferences, lectures, admission data on a national basis due to budget
course materials, social marketing campaigns, and cuts. The collection of hospital admissions data
resource materials. From a research perspective, requires the review of hospital records in order
1 Pickett W, Hartling L, Brison RJ, Guernsey J (1999). Fatal farm injuries in Canada. Can. Med Assoc. J. 160:1843-1848.
2 SMARTRISK, (2009). The Economic Burden of Injury within the Agricultural Population in Canada. SMARTRISK:
Toronto, ON (unpublished).
3 National Childrens Centre for Rural and Agriculture-related Health and Safety, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation,
2006. Available at: http:// www.marshfieldclinic.org/nccrahs/?page=nccrahs_aboutus_center_highlights.
4 Irwin, John, Stephen McBride and Tanya Strubin. 2005. Child and Youth Employment Standards: The Experience of Young
Workers Under British Columbias New Policy Regime. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, September 2005. 40 pp.
5 Ontario Ministry of Labour, 2006; Workers Compensation Board of Prince Edward Island, 2006.
6 Canadian Standards Association. Available at: http://www.csa.com/
7 Government of Canada, 2003. Available at:http://www.canadiancrc.com/UN_CRC/UN_Committee_ Rights_Child_
Canada_2nd_Report- Over- view_SEP_2003_34th_Session.aspx
elderly sustain significant numbers of severe A review of CAIRs data collection and analysis
work-related injuries. This is partly because farms methods is detailed in this report. The process
and ranches are not just work sites, but also used in the identification of agriculture-related
places where people of all ages live and participate fatalities varies by province. This is a general
in recreational activities. Also, unlike other description of the process:
industries, it is common for farmers and ranchers
to work full time and to operate tractors and other 1. Potential sources of agriculture-related fatality
heavy machinery well into their 70s and 80s. data are identified. These are kept by a variety
of agencies that vary by province. Examples of
The prevention of injuries in agricultural work these agencies include: oces of the provincial
settings is challenging because of the unique coroner or chief medical examiner, occupational
nature of the agricultural work environment. health agencies, departments of vital statistics,
Also, in most jurisdictions, agriculture is ministries of transportation and provincial
not a heavily regulated industry in terms of agriculture-related safety associations.
occupational health and safety standards. Unlike
other industrial workplaces, many Canadian 2. A comprehensive list of all potential agriculture-
agricultural workplaces have not benefited related fatalities is assembled within each
from modern industrial hygiene and safety province. These lists draw upon each available
practices. The composition of the agricultural source of fatality data.
workforce, farming practices, and safety practices 3. Once cases are identified, detailed case reports
is geographically diverse. This diversity adds to are sought for review and data abstraction.
the diculty of establishment and enforcement The main sources of information are coroners
of safety standards. There has traditionally been investigation reports, occupational safety
reliance on voluntary, rather than regulatory safety and health agency investigation reports, and
standards, but the eectiveness of voluntary safety RCMP/provincial police reports.
standards has not been well evaluated.
4. Data abstraction and entry are completed on
each eligible fatality. This is done in a consistent
manner using a standard data abstraction form
(Appendix C). Data abstraction is completed
on-site at provincial chief coroners or medical
examiners oces. Data are then sent to the
national site for verification, coding and analysis.
Data are maintained in an electronic database that The analysis presented in this report is descriptive
is managed centrally by the National Coordinator and not interpretive to imply cause and eect.
under the supervision of the Program Director. It has three main objectives:
The provincial collaborators retain the complete
1. to illustrate the magnitude of the agriculture-
data set for their own provinces.
related fatality problem in Canada,
Access to the national dataset is strictly limited to 2. to compare trends in the causes and occurrence
CAIR collaborators for the following activities: of fatal agriculture-related injuries among
genders and age groups and
1. CAIR provincial collaborators assigned the
3. to identify emerging patterns of injuries.
task of producing special technical reports
for Canada. The statistics used include simple counts and
frequencies as well as cross-tabulations. To allow
2. CAIR collaborators who have permission from
for comparison across the provinces and years,
the CAIR group to conduct special analyses for
age-standardized rates were calculated using the
the purpose of producing scientific reports for
direct method. This method controls for potential
submission to peer-reviewed journals.
sources of bias resulting from variations in age
3. The National Coordinator and Program distributions of populations. Formal hypothesis-
Directors for the purpose of maintaining the testing methods and tests of statistical significance
database and producing periodic comprehensive were not employed in comparisons.
reports for Canada.
Rates of fatal agriculture-related injuries are
4. To support agriculture-related injury prevention presented in this report. The numerators used
initiatives by others through analyses presented in calculating these rates are the numbers of
as tabular data. agriculture-related fatalities for particular age
categories and mechanisms of injury. These
include fatal injuries to farm residents, hired
agriculture-related workers, contractors, persons
traveling on public highways and a small number
of visitors to farms. Denominators for these
rate calculations are taken from the 1996, 2001
and 2006 Canada Census of Agriculture and
extrapolated for the years in which the census was
not performed. In addition to the Canada Census
of Agriculture population, temporary foreign
workers under the seasonal agriculture workers
program from Citizenship & Immigration Canada
were included. For the year(s) for provinces who
did not submit fatality data, the populations
for those years were not included in the
denominator.*, **
* The number of fatalities in previous reports dier from those in the current report. This is due to the removal of extrapolated
Quebec fatalities with actual fatalities counts.
**Prince Edward Island fatality data for 2007 to 2008 have not been made available to CAIR.
Over the period from 1990-2012 there has been and 2011 Canada Census of Agriculture the
a decrease in the Canadian farm population of agriculture population in 2008 the count dropped
42%. This equates to 469,582 fewer people on to 633,858. (see Appendix D). See key definitions
farms. In 1990 there were 1,118,053 people (Chapter 2.2) for the changes to inclusion on the
counted in the agriculture census and based on Agriculture-National Household survey.
linear extrapolation using the 1996, 2001, 2006
1,200,000
1,000,000
Farm Populations
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
0
19
19
19
19
19
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
90
92
94
96
98
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
Year
FA R M P O P U L A T I O N BY AG E G R O U P
Over the time period from 1990-2012 the age There were increases in the older farm population,
group which experienced the largest percentage with the largest increase experienced by those
decline in farm population was those between the 80 years of age and older with a 58% increase,
ages of 30 to 39 years with a decline of 72%. This followed by those 70 to 79 years of age with an
was followed by children 5 to 9 years of age with a increase of 14% and then those 50 to 59 years of
decline of 63%, children 1 to 4 years of age with a age with an increase of 4%.
decline of 61%, and children 10 to 14 years with
a decline of 60%.
200,000
180,000 1-4
5-9
160,000
10-14
Farm Population
140,000 15-19
120,000 20-29
100,000 30-39
40-49
80,000
50-59
60,000 60-69
40,000 70-79
20,000 >80
0
19
19
19
19
19
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
90
92
94
96
98
00
02
04
06
08
10
12
Year
3 . 1 F A T A L AG R I C U LT U R E - R E L A T E D I N J U R I E S BY CA L E N DA R Y E A R , 1 9 9 0 - 2 0 1 2
( 2 , 3 2 4 FA T A L I T I E S )
From 1990 to 2012, there were 2,324 agriculture- last 11 years (2002-2012) the average number of
related fatalities in Canada. An average of 101 fatalities dropped to 85 each year.
fatalities each year. During the first 12 years of Note: The number of fatalities in previous reports differ from
the surveillance period (1990-2001) there was those in the current report. This is due to the removal of
extrapolated Quebec fatalities with actual fatality counts. In
an average of 116 fatalities each year. During the
addition, 2007-2008 are incomplete for the province of PEI.
140
140 135
120 121 117
120 114 116 111 111
107
Number of Fatalities
105
100 97 98
94 93 91
87 86
83 81 82
80 75
60
60
40
20
0
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
Year
3 . 2 FA T A L AG R I C U LT U R E - R E L A T E D I N J U R Y R A T E S BY Y E A R S ( AG E - S T N D ) , 1 9 9 0 - 2 0 1 2
Over the 23 year period the overall agriculture fatality rate decreased an average of 1.1% annually.
Rate per 100,000 Farm Population
20.0
18.0
16.0
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0
Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Age-Stnd Rate 13.5 12.5 12.6 13.5 15.2 13.4 12.5 14.2 14.2 12.2 14.9 12.8 12.1 13.2 10.5 12.3 10.8 11.3 10.7 11.5 12.9 11.1 8.2
Trend Rate 14.1 14.0 13.8 13.7 13.5 13.4 13.2 13.1 12.9 12.8 12.6 12.5 12.3 12.2 12.1 11.9 11.8 11.7 11.5 11.4 11.3 11.1 11.0
Note: 2007-2008 are incomplete for the province of PEI and the rates have been adjusted accordingly.
50.0
45.0
40.0
Rate per 100,000 Farm Population
35.0
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0
Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Children
9.6 3.7 6.3 4.3 10.3 8.3 4.7 10.1 6.7 6.5 5.9 6.1 3.7 6.7 6.5 5.9 6.7 10.3 9.1 4.5 6.3 5.5 4.7
(0-14 yrs)
Adults
7.6 7.7 7.5 7.4 10.3 7.6 7.2 7.2 8.3 5.9 7.9 6.7 8.0 6.8 5.0 5.4 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.4 7.3 8.2 4.2
(15-59 yrs)
Older Adults
34.6 33.2 33.5 42.7 33.6 36.3 35.4 39.4 39.2 38.4 44.9 39.3 31.6 38.3 29.8 40.6 25.8 27.2 21.5 34.0 36.9 26.5 22.2
(60+ yrs)
When comparing the fatality rates by population Adults (15-59 years) experienced a statistically
group, each age group experienced a decrease significant decrease in the fatality rate with an
in the fatality rate. Older adults (60+ years) average of 1.1% annually. Older adults (60+
consistently had higher fatality rates than children years) experienced an average annual decrease in
and adults. The fatality rates for children and the fatality rate of 1.1%, and children (0-14 years)
adults are very similar. had an average decrease of 0.8% annually.
4 . 1 F A T A L AG R I C U LT U R E - R E L A T E D I N J U R I E S BY M O N T H , 2 0 0 3 - 2 0 1 2
125
103 103
100 95 96
Number of Fatalities
83
79
75 69 68
50
37 36
31 34
25
9
0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Month
Of the 843 agriculture-related fatalities in of the fatalities occurred in the months of August
Canada 66% occurred from May to October and October.
with 570 fatalities.
Relatively few fatal agriculture-related injuries
The highest proportion of fatalities took place in occurred in the winter months of December to
July and September each with 12%. Another 11% March. There were 9 fatalities in which the month
was not documented.
4 . 2 F A T A L AG R I C U LT U R E - R E L A T E D I N J U R I E S BY AG E G R O U P A N D G E N D E R , 2 0 0 3 - 2 0 1 2
400
350
352 348
The vast majority, 91%
of the persons who died
Number of Fatalities
300
250 in agriculture-related
200 Males
injury events were male.
Females
150
The ratio of males to
100 67 females was highest
50 34
17 21 for the 60+ age group
0 Note: 4 males age unknown
(16.5:1), and lowest for
Sex 0-14 yrs 15-59 yrs 60+ yrs Total %
Male 67 352 348 767 91
the 1 to 14 year age group
Female 17 34 21 72 9 (3.9:1).
Total 84 386 369 839 100
Percent 10 50 39 100
Entanglement in moving
Machinery runover 18% Machinery rollovers 19% Machinery rollovers 19%
machinery parts 15%
Machinery rollovers 16% Machinery runover 19% Machinery runover 17% Machinery rollovers,
pinned/struck by machine
component and pinned/
Pinned/struck by machine Entanglement in moving struck by falling object
Animal-related 10% from machinery each with
component 10% machinery parts 9%
11%
Machinery versus traffic Machinery versus traffic Machinery versus traffic Machinery versus traffic
collisions 6% collisions 8% collision 7% collision 7%
All other injuries 43% All other injuries 35% All other injuries 38% All other injuries 35%
Overall, the top 3 mechanisms of agriculture- Seasonally, machine rollovers were the leading
related fatalities were: machine runovers 18%, causes during the 2 most active seasons, summer
machine rollovers 17% and being pinned or and fall. It was the second leading cause in the
struck by a machine component 9%. spring.
The per cent is based on all injury fatalities within each season.
400 80.0
300 60.0
250 50.0
200 40.0
150 30.0
100 20.0
Overall Rate
50 10.0
0 0
1-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 >80
Number of
Fatalities
30 37 17 26 43 69 90 158 159 142 68
Age Specific
9.0 8.5 3.0 4.1 6.5 9.2 7.2 12.1 19.0 35.5 56.4
Rate
The overall agriculture fatality rate was The age group with the highest fatality rate was
11.9 per 100,000 farm population. experienced by those 80 years of age and older
with a rate of 56.4 fatalities per 100,000 farm
The age groups with the highest number of
population with 68 fatalities.
fatalities, those 60 to 69 years of age (159
fatalities) and those 50 to 59 years of age (158 There were 4 fatalities in which age was not
fatalities) did not have the highest rate, 19.0 documented.
fatalities per 100,000 farm population and 12.1
fatalities per 100,000 population respectively.
773 714
Work-related Victim working
92% 86%
70 120
Victim not working
Non-work-related
14%
8%
92% (773 fatalities) of the agriculture-related were not working themselves. Overall, 86% of
fatalities in Canada were work-related. The few those killed in agriculture-related injury events
fatalities that were non-work-related (8%) were were actually engaged in agriculture-related work.
due to hazards of the farm environment.
There were 9 fatalities in which it could not
Most adults who died were engaged in agriculture- be determined if the deceased was working or
related work, whereas the majority of children not working.
who were killed in work-related injury events
4 . 6 F A T A L AG R I C U LT U R E - R E L A T E D I N J U R I E S BY M A J O R CAU S E , 2 0 0 3 - 2 0 1 2
Note: there was one fatality in which there was insucient documentation to determine if the injury was machine or non-machine-
related and therefore the fatality was counted once in each category.
5.0
Rate per 100,000 Farm Population
4.5
4.0 Rollover- APC* = -3.64
3.5 Entanglement- APC = +6.2
3.0
2.5 Pinned/Struck- APC = -7.8
2.0 Motor Vehicle Collision- APC = +2.8
1.5
Runover- APC = -2.3
1.0
0.5
0
* Annual Percentage Change
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
Year
Almost half of all agriculture-related fatalities in 7%, struck by a falling or propelling object (often
Canada (44%) were due to three machine-related a bale) accounted for 4%, and being struck by a
causes: machine runovers, machine rollovers and non-machine object, asphyxiation from grain or
being pinned or struck by a machine component soil and fall from height each accounted for 4%.
(total of 369 fatalities). Machine runovers and
There were an additional 20 machine-related
machine rollovers accounted for 18% and
and non-machine-related mechanisms of injury
17% of fatalities respectively. Being pinned or
categories with 152 fatalities (18%) that were not
struck by a machine component (9%), animal-
included in the above graph.
related fatalities accounted for (8%), machine
entanglements and trac collisions each with
4 . 1 0 F A T A L AG R I C U LT U R E BY S T A N D E R R U N OV E R S BY AG E G R O U P, 2 0 0 3 - 2 0 1 2
10 3.0
9
2.5
6
5 1.5
4
1.0
3
2 0.5
1
0 0.0
1-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 >80
Number 9 1 1 2 3 2 4 1 6 1 1
Crude Rate 2.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.8
Of the 31 bystanders runover, one-third (33%) (9 fatalities) and the highest age-specific rate of
were children between 1 and 9 years of age. 2.7 fatalities per 100,000 farm population.
Children between 1 and 4 years of age had the
highest number of bystander runover fatalities
Tractor 93 (62%)
Motor vehicle 21 (14%)
Machine Type
Combine 5 (3%)
0 20 40 60 80 100
Number of Fatalities
Of the 149 agriculture-related runover fatalities, There were an additional 9 machine types for a
62% involved the use of a tractor, and another total of 13 fatalities (9%) which were not included
14% involved a motor vehicle. in the above graph.
4 . 1 2 FA T A L AG R I C U LT U R E - R E L A T E D M AC H I N E R O L L OV E R S BY R O L L OV E R T Y P E , 2 0 0 3 - 2 0 1 2
35
29 (36%)
30
Number of Fatalities
25
22 (28%)
20
15
10
5 (6%) 5 (6%)
5 3 (4%)
0
Tr ose
Tr n in
Co
Ro
To xtr
av t
av cl
w ac
rn
u
cl
(e
gh
in tio
el o e
el ine
er
g
lin d
lin
in
te
g ge
rar
i
n
n
)
Immediate Cause
In 36% of fatal sideways machine rollovers, There were an additional 5 cause categories with
circumstance text descriptions attributed the a total of 16 fatalities (20%) which were not
rollover to the machine or vehicle travelling too included in the above graph.
close to the edge of a ditch or other steep slope
bordering a road or field. In 28% of the cases,
the rollover was said to be due to the machine or
vehicle travelling on a steep incline.
35
30 (38%)
30
Number of Fatalities
25
20
15 13 (16%)
10 8 (10%)
5 (6%) 5 (6%)
5
0
Tr
Fi
Fo
W rm
ov
el
or y
an
re
fa
dw
ki ard
i
st
sp
ng
ng
r
or
or
y
k
In
ta
tio
n
Immediate Cause
In fatal sideways machine rollovers, injury There were an additional 6 categories with a total
circumstance text descriptions showed that the of 19 fatalities (24%) which were not included in
decedents most common activities prior to the the above graph.
rollover were driving on highways (transportation)
and farm roads (38%) and field work accounted
for another 16%.
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Number of Fatalities
From 2003 to 2012, 162 people were killed by being lifted with a piece of machinery or rolling
being struck, caught/pinned by machinery or a o a stack.
non-machinery object. In 16% of all struck by
There were an additional 9 object categories with
object fatalities, the victim was killed by a heavy
a total of 24 fatalities (15%) which were not
machine (not under power). In another 14% the
included in the above graph.
fatalities, victims were struck by a large bale either
4 . 1 6 F A T A L AG R I C U LT U R E - R E L A T E D A N I M A L I N J U R I E S BY T Y P E O F A N I M A L , 2 0 0 3 - 2 0 1 2
14
12 (20%)
Number of Fatalities 12 11 (18%)
10
8 (13%)
8 7 (11%)
6 5 (8%)
4
0
Ot ear
M pa
Re lock
Ch ach ent
Fa ach
ai irs
ll in
he m
m ag
ec in s
n
re
m nt
m
nt /c
in e
ov e
r a ach
ki e o
co
en le
to
ng r
in
ct in
an an
g
iv e
ce ing
ity
Activity
Of the 61 fatalities due to entanglement, 51% There were 14 fatalities in which the activity
cited loose clothing or hair as the cause. In 20% prior to death could not be determined or was
(12 fatalities) of the cases, the deceased was not documented. There were an additional 3
performing another activity near the machine. In identified categories with a total of 4 fatalities
18% (11 fatalities) of entanglements the victim (3%) which were not included in the above graph.
had been cleaning or repairing a machine without
shutting it o. In 13% of the fatal entanglements
the deceased was trying to remove a blockage
prior to shutting the machine o.
11 (44%)
12
Number of Fatalities 10
6
4 (16%) 4 (16%) 3 (12%)
4
0
Du
La am gh
Se n n
Di
tc
ke p
w ure
sw ou
m goo
go
h
ag p
a
/p /
u
sl
la
t
e/ it
on
d/
/
Activity
4 . 1 9 F A T A L AG R I C U LT U R E - R E L A T E D N O N - M AC H I N E FA L L S F R O M H E I G H T, BY FA L L L O CA T I O N ,
2003-2012
14 13 (42%)
12
Number of Fatalities
10
6
4 (13%) 4 (13%)
4 3 (10%)
2 (6%)
2
0
La aff
Ba pe rs
Si rain
Ro ny s
Ba ay s
lo b
dd old
rn r f
le ta
of tru
sc
up fte
h
or in
or ck
er in
of ct
lo loo
ra
ft/ r/
or g
ur
e
Fall-location
42% of the 31 fatal non-machine falls from There were 3 additional fall locations with a total
height that occurred from 2003 to 2012 involved of 5 fatalities (15%) which were not included in
ladders or scaolding. Barn lofts and rafters were the above graph.
the location of occurrence for another 13% of
fatal falls.
Of the 11 non-machine-related toxic substance entered dangerous confined spaces without the
exposure fatalities, 55% (6 fatalities) were proper equipment.
attributed to hydrogen sulfide poisoning. Another
There were an additional 2 machine-related
45% (5 fatalities) were caused by inhalation of
fatalities due to carbon monoxide. Carbon
silo gases. Hydrogen sulfide exposure occurs when
monoxide inhalation is most frequently associated
workers enter a poorly ventilated area containing
with running engines indoors in winter with
manure or sewage. Storage areas for hog
insucient ventilation.
manure are especially prone to hydrogen sulfide
accumulation. Of the 10 incidents involving Due to the small number of fatalities a graph is
non-machine toxic-related fatalities, 1 incident not presented.
involved multiple fatalities when would-be rescuers
4 . 2 1 F A T A L M AC H I N E - R E L A T E D AG R I C U LT U R E - R E L A T E D I N J U R I E S BY T O P 1 0 M AC H I N E
TYPES, 2003-2012
There were 589 machine-related agriculture- There were an additional 13 machine types
related fatalities in Canada from 2003 to 2012. with a total of 50 fatalities (8%) which were
Machine types most frequently involved in not included in the above graph. There were 29
agriculture-related fatalities were tractors (46%), fatalities (5%) in which the machine type was not
followed by motor vehicles (13%), o-road identified. Tractors were associated with 32% of
vehicles (6%). all agriculture-related fatalities in Canada.
500
450 433 (55%)
400
Number of Fatalities
350
300
250
200
150
99 (13%) 85 (11%)
100
46 (6%) 35 (4%)
50
0
Op
Ch per
Hi ork
Ot f op
Ad co
re er
he er
ul nt
ild ato
o
or
er
t v ra
at
r r ato
of r
or
isi cto
el r
at
to r
iv
r
e
Relation
Of the 782 fatalities where the relationship There were 50 fatalities (6%) in which the victim
between the victim and the farm operator was was a roadway user (ie. driver/passenger of a
known, 55% of the persons killed in agriculture- vehicle struck by agricultural machinery). There
related injury events were farm owner/operator. were an additional 6 relationship categories with a
A further 13% of the victims were children of total of 34 fatalities (4%) which were not included
farm owner/operator (of any age) and 11% were in the graph above. There were 61 fatalities (7%)
hired workers. in which the relationship of the decedent was
unknown.
Of the other relative of operator the majority
of them were identified as being the father of
the operator.
Of the 780 agriculture-related fatalities in which There were 63 fatalities in which the location was
a location was identified, the most common unknown (8%). There were 10 other locations
locations were fields with 190 fatalities (24%), with a total of 227 fatalities (29%) which were
farm yard with 144 fatalities (18%), road/ not included in the above graph.
highway with 107 fatalities (14%), barns with * = Includes adjacent dry ditches
63 fatalities (8%) and woodlot or orchard with
49 fatalities (6%).
I N C L U S I O N O F FA T A L I T I E S A N D I N J U R I E S I N T H E CA I R FA T A L I T Y DA T A B A S E
GENERAL TERMS
Injury
Agriculture-related fatalities Damage to a person caused by an acute transfer of
CAIR defines an agriculture-related fatality as energy (mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical,
1) Any unintentional injury resulting in fatality or radiation) or by the sudden absence of heat
that occurs during activities related to the or oxygen.
operation of a farm or ranch in Canada and/or
Numerator data
2) Any unintentional injury resulting in fatality
Data used as numerator values in rate calculations.
that involves any hazard of a farm or ranch
If presented as a fraction, the top half of an injury
environment in Canada (excluding fatal non-
rate refers to the number of cases (events) for a
work-related injuries that take place in the farm
particular mechanism of injury and/or age group.
residence). This includes fatalities that occur away
from agricultural work locations if agriculture- Non-work hazards
related work is being done; e.g. transporting Non-work hazards of the farm environment would
workers, livestock, supplies or harvested crops include things that one wouldnt typically find in a
on public highways; farm animals roaming on non-farm residence. This would include; various
public highways. Fatalities where victims are killed locations such as dugouts/sloughs, orchards, wood
because a third party is engaged in agriculture- lots, manure pits, various farm machinery such as
related work are also included. tractors, combines, ploughs. It would also include
various outbuildings such as barns, quonsets,
Denominator data
chicken coops, and various activities of tending
Data used as denominator values in rate
to animals, improper storage of equipment and
calculations. If presented as a fraction, the lower
riding of horses.
half of an injury rate refers to the population
exposed over a given period of time. Runovers
Machine-related agriculture-related injuries were
Farm
identified and coded by CAIR as agriculture-
Any farm or other agricultural holding that
related runovers if the victim was runover, struck,
produces at least one of the following agricultural
or pinned by an upright vehicle or agricultural
products intended for sale: crops, livestock,
machine that was under power or rolling on an
poultry, animal products, greenhouse or nursery
incline.
products, mushrooms, sod, honey, or maple
syrup products. (Census of Agriculture,
Statistics Canada.)
An Agricultural Fatality is: 1) Any unintentional injury resulting in death that occurred during activities related to the operation of a
farm or ranch and/or 2) Any unintentional injury resulting in death that involved any hazard of a farm or ranch environment in Canada
(excluding fatal non work-related injuries that took place in the farm residence). This includes deaths that occurred away from
agricultural work locations if agricultural work was being done; e.g., transporting livestock, supplies, workers or harvested crops on
public highways. Deaths where victims were killed because a third party was engaged in agricultural work are also included.
Age: _________ Birth Date: ____ / ____ / ____ Birth date missing (circle)? Yes No
mm dd yyyy
Region: _________________ Date of Injury: ____ / ____ / ____ Weekday of Injury (circle): S M T W T F S
mm dd yyyy
If the injury was not machinery or vehicle related, complete Section B and then proceed to Section E.
If the injury was machinery or vehicle related, begin with Section C and continue.
CA N A D I A N FA R M P O P U L A T I O N S BY AG E G R O U P A N D Y E A R ( I N C L U D I N G T E M P O R A R Y
F O R E I G N WO R K E R S )
AGE
GROUP 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
From 1990-2012 the overall Canadian agriculture population decreased by 42%. However, there has
been an increase in the older population. Those 80 years and older experienced the largest per cent
increase with 58%. Those 70 to 79 years of age experienced a 14% increase. The largest decrease in
population was experienced by those 30 to 39 years of age with a 67% reduction.
A special thank you to the CAIR collaborators (as of October 2016) for their hard work and dedication.
Jennifer Russell
MANITOBA
Executive Director
Dr. Denise Koh Atlantic Collaborative on Injury Prevention
Chief Occupational Medical Officer PO Box 33103, RPO Quinpool Centre
Manitoba Labour and Immigration Halifax, NS B3L 4T6
Labour Programs - Workplace Safety and Health Telephone: (902) 424-3384
200 - 401 York Avenue Email: jrussell@acip.ca
Winnipeg, MB R3C 0P8
Telephone: (204) 945-3608
Fax: (204) 945-4556
Email: denise.koh2@gov.mb.ca
QUBEC
Mathieu Gagn
Institut national de sant publique du Qubec
945 Wolfe Avenue, 3rd Floor
Sainte-Foy, PQ G1V 5B3
Telephone: (418) 650-5115
Email: mathieu.gagne@inspq.qc.ca