Unit Operasi & Proses IPAL

Dr. Ir. Sri Puji Saraswati, DIC., M.Sc.

JTSL & PSLH UGM
1 2 3

8
9
 Ekualisasi
In-line equalization
Grit Equalization Primary Secondary Final
removal basin treatment treatment effluent
Controlled-flow
pumping station Flow meter and
Off-line equalization control devices
Grit Primary Secondary Final
removal treatment treatment effluent

Equalization
basin
Controlled-flow
pumping station

Equalization
Construction materials: earthen, concrete, or steel
Basin geometry: a complete-mix reactor
 Venturi meter, Flow nozzle meter, Orifice meter, electromagnetic
meter
 Weirs (Rectangular, Cipolletti, Triangular, or V-Notch)
Depth measurement & Manning equation
 Checklist for Design of
Flow-Measuring Device
Characteristics of the liquid (SS, density, temp., pressure,
etc.)
Expected flow range (max. and min.)
Accuracy desired
Any constraints imposed by regulatory agencies
Location of flow measurement device and piping system
(force main, sewer, manhole, channel, or treatment unit)
Atmosphere of installation (indoors, outdoors, corrosive, hot,
cold, wet, dry, etc.)
Headloss constraints
Type of secondary elements (level sensors, pressure
sensors, transmitters, and recorders)
Space limitations and size of device
Compatibility with other flow measurement devices if already
in operation at the existing portion of the treatment facility
Equipment manufacturers and equipment selection guide
 Grit removal
Horizontal Flow
Sedimentation
Tanks

8
Horizontal Flow
- continued

Horizontal flow
circular clarifier

10
 Vacuum
Sludge
Removal

11
 Scum
Collection
and Removal
Arrangement
s

12
Activated Sludge
Process Design
 Mechanical
Aerators

Fixed aerator Floating aerator

14
Turbine aerator
Diffuser Problem

15
 Blowers

Lobe-type positive
displacement blower
Centrifugal blower
16
Trickling Filter
Mono-Media Filter
Multi-Media Filter
Rapid Sand Filter Performance
 Model sanitasi
Pit latrines (= cubluk tanpa
air)
1, 2 lubang
0.06 m3/orang/tahun (+tanah)
1 pit 40 cm, dalam = 6 m; 2 pit tidak dalam,
bisa di atas tanah (longterm use), 1 tahun
kompos dikuras
Rumah jamban non permanen

Ventilated (Vip) latrines

QuickTime and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

Tanpa air
Ventilasi : Antisipasi lalat, bau dll

Aqua Privy
Pour Flush Sanitation
(+pit soaked/septic tank) QuickTime and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

0.03-0.04 m3/tahun
are needed to see this picture.
 QuickTime and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
QuickTime and a are needed to see this picture.
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

Pour Flush toilet

Built up Vip Latrines
Jarak latrines <---> sumur : tgt kondisi tanah (10 - 15
m atau lebih)
Bakteri, nitrat dll berpindah oleh air tanah (ground
water, infiltrasi dll)
Septic Tank
see next ppt septic tank & hit.

Retension time 12 jam

3 hari
Konstruksi septic tank
(1 rg, 2 rg, 3 rg)
Kuras lumpur 1 4
tahun & kualitas lumpur
Besar ruang lumpur
0.03-0.04
m3/orang/tahun
Tenaga pengelola :
sistem plumbing &
proses pengolahan (D1,
pengawas D3)
 Adsorber Configurations
Influent Influent Carbon in
Treated
water

Treated Treated Influent

Parallel Series water
operation water operation
Carbon out
Moderate removals High contaminant removal Moving
Large systems Long column runs (pulsed)
Small systems bed
 VOC Treatment Options

1. Biological (in situ)

2. Chemical (oxidation)
3. Physical (aeration,
adsorption)
Contaminated water is
sprayed into the inlet
chamber through a
coarse mist spray
nozzle. The water flows
over a flow distribution
weir and along the
baffled aeration tray.
Clean air, blown up
through 3/16 diameter
holes in the aeration
tray, forms a froth of
bubbles generating a
large mass transfer
surface area where the
contaminants are
volatilized.
Tripikon
see next ppt tripikon
 KAKUS TRIPIKON-S

Kakus

Lantai
Undak
Pipa
Pipa sedang
kecil
an
Pipa
besar

Buis beton dia. 80 cm

Kerikil
Ijuk
Batu
kerakal
Biogas